才 Num. Index: 10.00 tsair .

N. (1) Ability, aptitude, natural gift: 才能，才幹，才力，etc., tsair-nerng, tsair-gahn, tsair-lih↓;
文才，詩才 literary, poetic gift.
(2) Person in regard to capability, personality, character: 人才 useful person;
沒有人才 lacking in capable men;
幹才 practical ability, person with such ability;
天才 genius;
奴才 (contempt.) slave;
蠢才 (abuse) dullard, idiot, imbecile;
大才小用 an able man given a small job;
英才，高才 great talent;
小有才 (person) gifted with a fair degree of cleverness, possesses certain but limited abilities;
才難 really able men are difficult to come by;
(closely related 材 timber, 10B.00).

Adv. (1) (Emphatic assertion, similar to German doch) indeed: 那我才不怕 I’m certainly not afraid of that;
那才妙了 would indeed be fun (if it should happen);
你才是我所喜歡的人 you (not anybody else) are the one I love.
(2) Just, just now (in place of awkward character 纔): 剛才 just now;
才晴又雨 sky has just cleared and now it rains again;
才要開飯客人來了 just as we were sitting down to dinner, a guest appeared.

Words 1. 才氣 tsair-chih (tsair-’chi), n., rich talent, brilliance of mind.
2. 才情 tsair-chirng, n., great ability, esp. litr. aptitude.
3. 才調 tsair-diauh, n., see tsair-chih↑.
4. 才分 tsair-fehn, n., inborn ability.
5. 才幹 tsair-gahn (tsair-’gan), n., practical ability.
6. 才華 tsair-huar, n., see tsair-chih↑.
7. 才智 tsair-jyh, n., wisdom and ability.
8. 才具 tsair-jyuh, n., aptitude, capability (of person).
9. 才力 tsair-lih, n., force of personality, spirit.
10. 才略 tsair-lyueh, n., resourcefulness, political ability.
11. 才貌 tsair-mauh, n., personal appearance as reflecting ability.
12. 才名 tsair-mirng, n., literary reputation.
13. 才能 tsair-nerng, n., natural gift, talent, litr. or practical ability.
14. 才人 tsair-rern, n., talented scholar.
15. 才士 tsair-shyh, n., good scholars.
16. 才學 tsair-shyuer (tsair-’shyue), n., ability and learning, person’s scholarship.
17. 才思 tsair-sy, n., brilliance in writing.
18. 才藻 tsair-tzaau, n., see stair-sy↑.
19. 才子 tsair-tzyy, n., (1) brilliant writer;
20. 才子 tsair-tzyy, n., (2) 才子佳人小說 popular romance with a handsome scholar and a pretty girl.
21. 才悟 tsair-wuh, n., aptitude for understanding.
22. 才□ tsir-yiing, n., intellectual brilliance.
23. 才媛 tsair-yuarn, n., a gifted maiden.

事 Num. Index: 10.00 shyh .

N. (1) Affair, business, matter: 事務，事件，事情 shyh-wuh², shyh-jiahn, shyh-chirng↓;
affair: 這件事 this affair, this business;
國事，家事 national, family affairs;
人事 personnel (problems);
公事，私事 public, private affairs;
萬事 all: 萬事如意 have all one’s wishes;
風流韻事 a romantic affair, a scholar’s gathering;
事不干己 the affair does not concern one;
事急，事忙 matter is urgent, business is pressing;
事半功倍 half the work with double results;
事倍功半 twice the work with half of results.
(2) Fact, event, happening: 事實 shyh-shyr↓;
事與願違 events do not happen as one wishes;
事過境遷 events have passed and times have changed;
事出有因 this happens not without reasom;
事前，事後 before, after the event;
喜事 happy event (wedding, celebration);
喪事 funeral;
紅白事 happy and unhappy events;
事故，事端 shyh-guh, shyh-duan↓.
(3) Trouble, accident, undesirable event: 出事 have an accident (in travel);
肇事 cause trouble, a row;
事變 shyh-biahn↓;
平安無事 all is well;
多事之秋 year of many troubles;
大事化為小事，小事化為無事 reduce a big trouble into a small one, and a small one into nothing;
省事 save trouble;
費事 takes a lot of doing;
少管閒事 don’t meddle in others’ affairs;
造謠生事 cause trouble by spreading rumors;
惹事生非 be meddlesome;
了事 close a dispute, lawsuit;
息事寧人 stop dispute and live and let live;
舉事，起事 start rebellion;
事到如今 things have come to such a pass that.
(4) Matter in gen., matters: 這是怎麼一回事 What is all this? 醫事 medical matters;
政事 politics, government;
軍事 military matters or affairs;
任事 take charge of matters;
史事 historical matters;
軼事，趣事 anecdotes;
房事 sexual intercourse;
月事 menstruation.
(5) Oft. part of title: 董事，理事 board directors;
監事 supervisor;
幹事 executive officer, secretary or manager;
推事 judge;
通事 formerly, official interpreter of foreigh language;
領事 consul;
執事 (LL) oft. used in letters like 先生 you, sir;
管事 men in charge;
縣知事 county magistrate.

V.i. & t. (1) To do: 不事農商 will not take up farming or a trade;
不事生產 does not attend to business or hold a job;
從事教育 devote oneself to education;
無所事事 do nothing all day.
(2) To serve: 事親，事君 serve parents, ruler.

Words 1. 事變 shyh-biahn, n., sudden turn of events (relellion, coup d’etat, etc.)
2. 事情 shyh-chirng, n., (1) course of events, story;
3. 事情 shyh-chirng, n., (2) (shyh-’ching) affair, event: 這件事情 this affair;
4. 事情 shyh-chirng, n., 沒有事情 nothing has happened;
5. 事情 shyh-chirng, n., 有什麼事情 what is up?
6. 事權 shyh-chyuarn, n., duties and responsibilities (of an official), legal power in a case.
7. 事端 shyh-duan, n., an event, a dispute: 引起事端 causes disputes.
8. 事故（兒） shyh-guh(’l), n., an affair;
9. 事故（兒） shyh-guh(’l), n., some trouble.
10. 事蹟 shyh-ji¹, n., record of events, a person’s activities.
11. 事機 shyh-ji², n., crux of a situation, happenings behind the scenes.
12. 事件 shyh-jiahn, n., an event, an item of business: 這些事件交給你 you will take charge of these several items;
13. 事件 shyh-jiahn, n., 事件發生 something happens.
14. 事主 shyh-juu, n., party in an accident dealing or lawsuit.
15. 事兒 shyh-’l, n., see shyh-chirng↑.
16. 事例 shyh-lih, n., case history, case law.
17. 事略 shyh-lyueh, n., brief biographical sketch.
18. 事項 shyh-shiahng, n., item of business, see shyh-jiahn↑.
19. 事先 shyh-shian, adv., prior to event.
20. 事勢 shyh-shyh¹, n., trend of events.
21. 事事 shyh-shyh², pron., everything: 事事小心 be careful in everything.
22. 事實 shyh-shyr, n., fact: 事實如此 that is the fact;
23. 事實 shyh-shyr, n., 事實上 shyh-shyr-shahng, adv., as a matter of fact, factually (impossible, etc.).
24. 事畜 shyh-shyuh, v.i., (LL) to serve (parents) and raise (children).
25. 事態 shyh-taih, n., the look of things, situation, circumstances.
26. 事體 shyh-tii, n., business (important, unimportant): 事體□單，複雜 matter is simple, complicated.
27. 事物 shyh-wuh¹, n., things, articles, objects: 各種事物 different things (coats, umbrellas, etc.).
28. 事務 shyh-wuh², n., business, business duties, gen. affairs;
29. 事務 shyh-wuh², n., 事務員 (also wr. 庶務) man in business office in charge of business side (outings, arrangements, etc.);
30. 事務 shyh-wuh², n., 事務所 business office (as of lawyer, doctor).
31. 事樣兒 shyh-yahng-’l, n., look or appearance of things: 成什麼事樣兒 what will it look like?
32. 事業 shyh-yeh, n., (1) a man’s business or life work, career;
33. 事業 shyh-yeh, n., (2) business enterprise: 公共事業 a public enterprise.
34. 事宜 shyh-yir, n., (official) event, case, subject dealt with.
35. 事由 shyh-your, n., story (of event, dispute, etc.);
36. 事由 shyh-your, n., 事由兒 shyh-your-’l, n., some kind of work or event: 什麼事由兒他也做 he’ll take up any kind of work.

寸 Num. Index: 10.00 tsuhn .

N. An inch (cf. 吋 English inch): 三寸丁 a three-inch nail, (fig.) a pint-sized person;
三寸金^蓮 81.30;
方寸 square inch, also heart: 方寸已亂 my heart is already upset;
立方寸 cubic inch;
公寸 decimeter;
尺寸 dimensions of anything;
尺有所短，寸有所長 every man has his strong and weak points.

Adj. (1) Very small in amount: 手無寸鐵 a man unarmed (“not a scrap of metal”);
寸步難行 cannot walk a step;
寸土寸地 a wisp of territory;
寸絲不掛 totally nude;
寸腸 my little thoughts or feelings;
寸紙 a short note;
寸刻，寸□，寸晷 even a brief moment (must be utilized);
寸功 humble achievement or service;
寸進 small progress;
寸草不留 complete devastation of land.
(2) (Coll.) just right, right moment: 他來得真寸 he comes just at the right time.

Words 1. 寸衷 tsuhn-jung, n., (LL) my heart, innermost feelings.
2. 寸口 tsuhn-koou, n., (Chin. med.) a person’s pulse on the wrist.
3. 寸心 tsuhn-shin, n., see tsuhn-jung↑.
4. 寸田 tsuhn-tiarn, n., the heart (from 心田).
5. 寸子 tsuhn-tz, n., (Chin. opera) false sole worn by actress.
6. 寸陰 tsuhn-yin, n., a few minutes, a very short time (to be valued for study and not squandered.)

專 Num. Index: 10.00 juan .

N. (1) A surname.
(2) Short for 專門學校, see 專門 juan-mern↓: 商專 commercial college;
體專 college of physical culture;
大專 universities and technical schools.

V.t. To monopolize, take possession alone: 專美 monopolize credit, enjoy credit alone;
專權，專政 juan-chyuarn, juan-jehng↓;
專掌其事 take charge of matter alone.

Adj. & adv. (1) Concentrated, devoted: 用心不專 is not devoted to one thing: 專心，專誠，專一，專專 juan-shin, juan-cherng, juan-yi, juan-juan↓.
(2) Special, -ly confined to one subject or area: 專長，專利 juan-charng, juan-lih↓;
專門，專科 juan-mern, juan-ke↓;
專家 juan-jia↓;
專攻歷史 specialize in history;
專精，專擅 be specially good at some field;
專對他一人說 talk specially to him along;
專此 (end of letter) the above is what I write about specially;
專望 I wait or hope specially;
專差，專足 by special messenger;
專用㵟 Lines for special use, private line;
專律 special laws;
專條 special clause.
(3) Arbitrary, high-handed, tyrannical: 專橫，專制 juan-hehng, juan-jyh↓;
自專 arbitrary, willful.

Words 1. 專差 juan-chai, adv., by special messenger.
2. 專長 juan-charng, v.i. & n., to specialize in, be good specially at (oratory, criticism, etc.);
3. 專長 juan-charng, v.i. & n., a specialty: 那是他的專長 that is his specialty.
4. 專車 juan-che, n., special car or train.
5. 專誠 juan-cherng, adv., specially: 專誠拜訪 make a special trip to call on s. o.;
6. 專誠 juan-cherng, adv., 專誠奉復 write a reply specially.
7. 專寵 juan-chuung, v.i. monopolize ruler’s favor.
8. 專權 juan-chyuarn, (1) n., full power to do s. t.;
9. 專權 juan-chyuarn, (2) v.i., to become absolute head of government.
10. 專電 juan-diahn, n., special or direct telegram.
11. 專斷 juan-duahn, adj., arbitrary (in decisions).
12. 專橫 juan-hehng, adj., arbitrary, intolerant, overbearing.
13. 專政 juan-jehng, n., autocracy.
14. 專征 juan-jeng, v.i., formerly, to enjoy full powers in the field for all military decisions.
15. 專家 juan-jia, n., a specialist.
16. 專專 juan-juan, adv., specially: 專專對他吩咐 specially told him (to do s.t.).
17. 專制 juan-jyh, n., absolute monarchy;
18. 專制 juan-jyh, n., dictatorship;
19. 專制 juan-jyh, n., tyrannical government.
20. 專科 juan-ke, n., special department or subject;
21. 專科 juan-ke, n., 專科學校 technical or professional school or college.
22. 專閫 juan-kuun, n., formerly, an army commander with full powers in his jurisdiction.
23. 專欄 juan-larn, n., (newspaper) column, feature.
24. 專利 juan-lih, n., monopoly in trade, patent.
25. 專賣 juan-maih, n., ditto.
26. 專門 juan-mern, (1) n. & adj., a specialized science;
27. 專門 juan-mern, n. & adj., a specialty;
28. 專門 juan-mern, n. & adj., 專門學校 a technological or professional school or college;
29. 專門 juan-mern, (2) adv., specially: 專門與我作對 obssessed in opposing me.
30. 專命 juan-mihng, adv., formerly, without waiting for orders from above.
31. 專名 juan-mirng, n., (gram.) proper noun.
32. 專任 juan-rehn, v.t., specially appointed to take full charge of (department, case, affair, etc.);
33. 專任 juan-rehn, adj. & n., full-time job, opp. 兼任 concurrent.
34. 專人 juan-rern, adv., by special messenger.
35. 專擅 juan-shahn, v.t., specialize in, be especially good at (playing flute, etc.);
36. 專擅 juan-shahn, v.t., take things into one’s own hands, atc without authorization from superior.
37. 專心 juan-shin, adv., with concentration, devoted purpose.
38. 專修 juan-shiou, v.i., to specialize in study: 英文專修學校 school of English, or specially for English only.
39. 專使 juan-shyy, n., special emissary of government.
40. 專司 juan-sy, v.t., see juan-rehn↑.
41. 專才 juan-tsair, n., specialist, person specially good at s.t.
42. 專祠 juan-tsyr, n., temple specially in honor of s.o.
43. 專業 juan-yeh, n., special vocation.
44. 專一 juan-yi, adv., with single mind and purpose.
45. 專員 juan-yuarn, n., an official (“specialist”) attached to some ministry for a temporaty or mominal job.

李 Num. Index: 10.00 lii .

N. (1) (lii -tz) (Bot.) the plum, Prunus salicina: 桃李 peaches and plums. (fig.) one’s students: 桃李滿天下 with students all over the world;
李代桃僵 (orig. allu.) two persons suffering for one another, (now) girl replaces another as wife;
瓜田李下 or 李下之嫌 be found in a suspicions position.
(2) A surname.

孛 Num. Index: 10.00 beih (*bor ).

N. 孛星 a comet.

Adv. (*bor) U.f. 勃 suddenly.

挈 Num. Index: 10.00 chieh .

V.t. To take by the hand, to lift or lead by hand: 提挈 to lift or carry, (fig.) 提綱挈領 to give the main points (like “drawing a net in by its main lines and taking a coat by its collar”);
挈眷南下 bring one’s family south;
挈出紅塵 lead a person away from this mortal life;
挈缾之知 (AC) trivial knowledge.

Words 1. 挈挈 chieh-chieh, adj., (AC) in a hurry.
2. 挈領 chieh-liing, v.t., (1) to bring, lead (children, family);
3. 挈領 chieh-liing, v.t., (2) 提綱挈領, see V.t.↑.

掣 Num. Index: 10.00 cheh .

V.t. (1) To pull, to hinder by pulling back: 掣後腿 hinder progress by “pulling leg”;
掣時 cheh-joou↓.
(2) To strike like lightning: 風馳電掣 to pass or strike swiftly like the wind or lightning.

Words 1. 掣肘 cheh-joou, v.i., to tug at elbow to prevent action.
2. 掣曳 cheh-yih, v.t., to drag along.

擊 Num. Index: 10.00 jir .

V.t. (1) To strike, hit: 擊罐 to beat a drinking cup and sing;
擊柝 (of night watchmen) beat the rattle and go the rounds;
擊楫 to vow to bring peace to the country (allu. to the story of 祖逖);
擊築 to strike the strings of an ancient lute;
擊鼓 to strike a drum;
擊敭催詩 celebration of festive occasions by poets writing poems within set time limits;
拳擊 boxing;
敲擊 to pound, to bammer;
打擊 to beat, to strike a heavy blow;
重重一擊 give (s.o.) a pounding;
棒擊 hit with a stick or club;
技擊 to fence;
搏擊 to wrestle, engage in hand-fight scuffle;
槍擊 to shoot;
轟擊 bombard with guns or from the air, (fig.) criticize severely;
擊沈 to bombard and sink (a ship);
擊落敵機 to down an enemy plane;
擊節 jir-jier;
擊賞 jir-shaang↓.
(2) To combat, to fight: 攻擊 to attack, also attack, criticize in writing;
游擊 to wage guerrilla warfare;
打游擊 (now also)sponge meals on friends;
游擊戰爭 guerrilla warfare;
突擊 mount a sudden attack;
襲擊 make a surprise raid;
擊敗 defeat;
聲東擊西 feign attack on the east and strike on the west.
(3) Come in contact with: 目擊 see with one’s own eyes.

Words 1. 擊節 jir-jier, v.i. & t., as in 擊節稱賞 to clap and applaud.
2. 擊賞 jir-shaang, v.t., ditto.
3. 擊刺 jir-tsyh, v.t., (1) stab with a sword;
4. 擊刺 jir-tsyh, v.t., (2) (of troops) fight with swords and spears.

攀 Num. Index: 10.00 pan .

V.t. & t. (1) To climb: 攀鞍上馬 mount a horse, (lit.) mount by clasping saddle;
攀附 (權貴) attach onseslf to (persons in power) as a means of securing promotion;
攀龍附鳳 (LL) attach oneself to dragon and phoenix, with similar meaning;
攀高親 to marry into rich, well-known family;
高攀 try to make friends with those higher-up;
攀不上 dare ont, be unworthy to seek connetions with (persons);
攀桂 (LL) formerly, to succeed in civil examinations (“win the laurel”);
攀折 pan-jer↓;
攀花折柳 phr., to philander.
(2) To implicate (accomplice) at court by accused: 攀他一口 make such statements, also 攀供.

Words 1. 攀纏 pan-charn, v.t., to keep annoying by inappropriate talk, request.
2. 攀親 pan-chin, v.i., to betroth, discuss betrothal.
3. 攀登 pan-deng, v.i., climb up.
4. 攀析 pan-jer, v.t., break branches: 不准攀折 do not pick flowers, break branches.
5. 攀緣 pan-yuarn¹, v.i., (Budd.) be distracted by material world, like monkeys swinging from branch to branch.
6. 攀援 pan-yuarn², n., seek help from those on top.
7. 攀輿 pan-yur, v.i., to surround carriage of departing magistrate in affectionate farewell.

□ Num. Index: 10.01 pihn .

□� Peel off the bark of hemp (麻).

朮 Num. Index: 10.01 jur .

N. (Bot.) 白^朮 91.41.

未 Num. Index: 10.01 weih .

N. (1) Number 8 in duodecimal cycle, see Appendix A.
(2) 未時 1:00-3:00 p.m.

Adv. (1) Not, yet, have not yet (contrast 不 do not, will not): 未曾 weih-tserng↓；
未能 have not been able to;
尚未過目 have not seen it yet;
未遇 failed to see him on visit;
未嫁 not yet married;
未成年 under age, or a minor;
和約未成 negotiations have not yet been concluded;
未老先衰 old before one’s age;
未之前聞 never heard of it;
未之有也 there never was such a thing.
(2) (LL) at the end of a sentence, equals “or not?”: 寒梅著花未 have the plum flowers come to bud yet?

Words 1. 未便 weih-biahn, phr., it’s not convenient to.
2. 未必 weih-bih, phr., is not sure (to, that), not definitely (usu. conjecture): 未必來 is not sure to come;
3. 未必 weih-bih, phr., 未必看見這件 (s.o.)may not have seen this letter.
4. 未嘗 weih-charng, adv., never: 未嘗對他說過 never told him;
5. 未嘗 weih-charng, adv., used in double negative: 未嘗不是 can’t say that it is wrong, it is quite right, see weih-tserng↓.
6. 未定草 weih-dihng-tsaau, n., author’s manuscripts which are not final, also 未定稿.
7. 未冠 weih-guahn, adj., (AC) not yet mature, before the “capping ceremony” (冠禮).
8. 未遑 weih-huarng, phr., have not had time to (do): 未遑執筆 have not had the time to write you a letter.
9. 未婚妻 weih-hun-chi, n., fianc𦱿
10. 未幾 weih-jii, adv., (1) soon after, in a short time;
11. 未幾 weih-jii, adv., (2) (LL) not much or many (＝無幾 ).
12. 未經 weih-jing, phr., have not yet (gone through) : 未經閱過 have not read it yet.
13. 未及 weih-jir, phr., ont in time for, have not had time to;
14. 未及 weih-jir, phr., have not had time (to prepare, to answer your letter, etc.).
15. 未知數 weih-jy-shuh, n., an unknown quantity or number.
16. 未來 weih-lair, n., the future, time to come;
17. 未來 weih-lair, n., 未來的 adj., future (luck, etc.).
18. 未了 weih-liaau, adj., unfinished (business).
19. 未免 weih-miaan, adv., (1) can’t say that it isn’t (tactful expression for “is”): 未免過份 is rather too presumptuous;
20. 未免 weih-miaan, adv., (2) could not help: 未免答他兩句 could not help saying a word or two in reply;
21. 未免 weih-miaan, adv., 未免多情 could not help being sentimental.
22. 未能 weih-nerng, adv., could not: 未能免俗 phr., (court.)have to follow the customs.
23. 未然 weih-rarn, adj. & n., before event, before it happers: 防患於未然 prevent trouble before it happens.
24. 未入流 weih-ruh-liour. adj., out of the run;
25. 未入流 weih-ruh-liour. adj., (of writers) not yet known or recognized.
26. 未若 weih-ruoh, phr., it would be better to (sell it, recognize its existence, etc.).
27. 未悉 weih-shi, phr., (in letters) do not know (how you are, etc.), ＝未知.
28. 未詳 weih-shiarng, phr., is not expressly stated, not told: 情形未詳 do not know the details.
29. 未遂 weih-sueih, phr., (plan, wish) not realized or fulfilled.
30. 未曾 weih-tserng, adv., never: 未曾見過 never saw, have never seen.
31. 未完 weih-warn, phr., not yet finished.
32. 未亡人 weih-warng-rern,, n., widow in self-reference (person who is due to die but “hasn’t yet”).
33. 未央 weih-yang, phr., (the night) is not far spent yet.
34. 未有 weih-yoou, phr., there never was: 未有如此作法 it was never done like this.

末 Num. Index: 10.01 moh .

N. (1) Last part (versus 本 fonrdation): 本末 beginning and end: 物有本末，事有終始 there is a proper sequence of foundation and end-results, of first and last things;
德者本也，財者末也 charaeter is the foundation and wealth follows;
本末倒置 put first things last or last things first.
(2) Dust, powder (oft. moh-tz, moh-’l): 粉筆末 (兒) chalk powder;
麵包末兒 bread crumbs;
茶葉末 tea-leaves dust;
藥末 medical powder.
(3) Name of old man’s role in Chin. drama.

Adj. (1) Last in time : 末了 at the end;
末班車 the last train or bus;
末年 the last years of a period;
末葉 the last generations of family, last part of century or dynasty;
末流，末代 last generations.
(2) Last in place: 末座，末位，末席 the lowest seats at table.
(3) Last in importance: 未技，末藝 small arts;
末策，末計 the last resort after other methods fail;
末議 insignificant criticism, (modest) my humble views;
末官 (modest) your humble servant, self-reference of official to superior.

Words 1. 末後 moh-houh, adv., later, after that.
2. 末減 moh-jiaan, v.t., commute sentence, lighten punishment.
3. 末節 moh-jier, n., unimportant details.
4. 末了（兒） moh-liaau(’l), adv., at the end.
5. 末流 moh-liour, n., later and usually corrupted stage of movement.
6. 末路 moh-luh, n., the end, death (of plans).
7. 末命 moh-mihng, n., last will (oral).
8. 末末了 moh-moh-liaau, adv., at the very end.
9. 末日 moh-ryh, n., the Judgment Day.
10. 末梢 moh-shau, n., small end, extremity;
11. 末梢 moh-shau, n.,末梢神經 nerve endings, peripheral nerves.
12. 末世 moh-shyh, adj., last or declining years;
13. 末世 moh-shyh, 末世論 moh--shyh-luhn, n., eschatology.
14. 末學 moh-shyuer, n., shallow scholar, -ship: 末學後進 the younger superficial students;
15. 末學 moh-shyuer, n., (oft. modest) one’s own scholarship.
16. 末俗 moh-sur, n., (derog.) modern customs;
17. 末俗 moh-sur, n., latter-day fashions or fads;
18. 末俗 moh-sur, n., decadent ways.
19. 末尾 moh-weei, n., end (of event, thing).
20. 末業 moh-yeh, n., lower profersions (traditionally, commerce and industry).

朱 Num. Index: 10.01 ju .

N. A surname.

Adj. Vermilion, scarlet: 朱唇皓齒 red lips and white teeth;
傳粉塗朱 facial make-up of powder and rouge;
近朱者赤 phr. (fig.) be influenced by close association.

Words 1. 朱陳 ju-cherng, phr., 結朱陳之好 marriage of two families, from AC allu., the clans 朱 and 陳 traditionally married into each other.
2. 朱黃 ju-huarng, n., “yellow and red”colors used in revising or correcting text－hence the work of correction.
3. 朱紅 ju-hurng, adj., scarlet. vermilion, a shade paler than 大紅 deep red.
4. 朱槿 ju-jiin, n., (bot.) red hibiscus (＝扶^桑 10A.81), described as similar to the mulberry.
5. 朱欒 ju-luarn, n., (LL) the pomelo (＝文旦) .
6. 朱鷺 ju-luh, n., (zoo.) a crane with white pinkish body, Nipponia nippon.
7. 朱輪 ju-lurn, n., red carriage wheels of noble or rich family, see ju-shyuan ↓.
8. 朱門 ju-mern, n., “vermilion gate,”(fig.) a rich mansion: 朱門酒肉臭 (allu.) meat is allowed to spoil in rich men’s homes (while wayfarers die of cold).
9. 朱墨 ju-moh, n., red ink (made of cinnabar): 朱墨套印 bicolor printing in black and red.
10. 朱儒 ju-rur, n., see 侏^儒 91A.001.
11. 朱砂 ju-sha, n., cinnabar, used as red ind and medicine.
12. 朱軒 ju-shyuan, n., red-painted carriage of the noblemen.
13. 朱紫 ju-tzyy, n., the noblemen and those of high official rank (in vermilion and purple costume).
14. 朱顏 ju-yarn, n., pink face, referring (1) to beautiful women;
15. 朱顏 ju-yarn, n., (2) to youth or in 朱顏皓髮 healthy old age.
16. 朱殷 ju-yin, adj., (AC) deep red.

耒 Num. Index: 10.01 leei .

N. A plough: 耒耜 ploughs and plowshares;
耒耨 plough and rake.

來 Num. Index: 10.01 lair (*laih ). [Pop. □]

N. A surname.

V.i. & t. (1) Come: 來往 lair-waang↓;
往來 exchange of visits, goods, gifts, etc.;
來來往往 come and go;
來而不往 not to pay a return call on s.o.;
歸去來兮 (LL) I am homeward bound;
魂兮歸來 (LL) may the spirit of the deceased come back to us! 來回 lair-hueir↓;
跑來跑去 be ever coming and going;
來到 lair-dauh, 來臨 lair-lirn ↓；
前來領獎 come forward to receive a prize or award;
不來也好 it’s just as well that s.o. hasn’t come;
過來吧 come over here;
來呀，來吧 come come;
眉來眼去 exchange glances between them.
(2) V.i., do: 來得及 can be done, there is time enough;
來不及 cannot be done, time won’t allow it;
來一下 come and try it;
你來 you come and try;
你來不來 will you join us? 不來了 won’t do it, won’t come, give up;
胡來，亂來，瞎來 you are making a mess of it;
白來 wasted one’s time in coming;
照樣再來一回 let’s do it over again;
別來這一套 don’t give me ghat! 慢來，慢慢來 ed it slowly, take your time;
來來lair-’lai↓;
這樣一來，這一來 by so doing, in this way.
(3) V.t., bring, let’s do (s.t.): 來酒，來飯 bring some wine, rice;
來他五斤 let me have five catties;
來八圈 (of mahjong) let’s play eight rounds;
來兩盤 (of chess) let’s play a couple of games.
(4) (*laih (Interch. 徠) v.t., to comfort, encourage (s.o.) to come over to one’s side.

Vb. complement. (1) Used after vb. to complement its meaning: (a) be able to, be worth: 說不上來 don’t know how to say it, don’t remember it now;
辦不來 be unable to do it;
買不來 be unable to buy it;
搶不來 be unable to get it by fair means or foul;
趕不起來 be unable to finish it in time;
做不來 don’t know how to do it;
合得來 be able to get along wigh (s.o.);
(b) be worth the effort or money;
花得來 be not worth the money;
花不來 be not worth it.
(2) Expressing an action begun: 颳起風來 a wind starts blowing;
鬧出事來 have got into trouble;
打起架來 a fight has broken out;
提起筆來 take up a pen to write.
(3) Having the sense of “having done!”: 你同誰吵嘴來 with whom are you quarrelling?你剛才說甚麼來 what were you saying just then?
(4) Oft. equiv. Eng. “to”: 看來，想來，說來，聽來好笑 it’s ridiculous to see it, to think of it, to speak of it, to hear it;
說來話長 it’s a long story to tell.
(5) Expressing direction toward speaker: 走過來 come over here;
拿張紙來 bring a piece of paper;
上來 please come up;
下來 please come down.
(6) With 去 (一來一去) having the sense of “over,” “about,” “in both directions”: 唸來唸去 read it over and over again;
想來想去 after thinking it over;
寫來寫去 write it over and over again.
(7) Used as a final particle: 盍歸乎來 (AC) why not come home?你這是何苦來 why have you done such an abominable thing? 為的甚麼來 what have you come or done such a thing for?

Adj. (1) Future, later on: 來年lair-niarn, 來日 lair-ryh↓;
來春 next spring;
來月 next month;
來歲 next year;
來世 lair-shyh², 來生 lair-sheng↓.
(2) (Of person or thing) coming, incoming;
來人 lair-rern, 來使 lair-shyy, 來者 lair-jee↓;
來函，來札，來翰 your letter;
來意 lair-yih↓;
來情去意 mutual expressions of affection;
來勢 lair-shyh⁴↓;
送往迎來 be busy welcoming and bidding good-bye to friends.

Adv. (1) About, approximately: 三十來歲 about 30 years old;
十來個 approximately ten or so;
尺來長 about one foot long.
(2) As (big, small, etc.) as: 你色膽有天來大 your daring in sex exploits is fantastic( “big as the sky”).

Special formations. (1) Forming words meaning “since,” “originally”: 本來，原來 original(ly);
由來 since.
(2) Part of n. denoting time: 近來 recent(ly);
將來，未來 in the future;
後來 later on;
日來 the other day;
以來，而來 since then;
從來，向來 usually, in the past.
(3) Adv. conj., in order to, so that, to: 唱個歌來湊熱鬧 sing us a song (in order) to make the party more lively (equiv. 以 in LL);
開口來說話 open one’s mind and (to) talk.
(4) In enumeration: 一來，二來，三來 firstly, secondly, thirdly.

Words 1. 來賓 lair-bin, (1) n., guest(s);
2. 來賓 lair-bin, (2) v.i., (AC) come as guest(s).
3. 來禽 lair-chirn, n., (bot) the apple, Pirus malus var. tomentosa (also 林檎 ).
4. 來去 lair-chyuh, n., (1) a round trip;
5. 來去 lair-chyuh, n., (2) distance between two places;
6. 來去 lair-chyuh, n., (3) friendly contacts and intercourse.
7. 來到 lair-dauh, v.i., arrive at, come to (place).
8. 來得 lair-’de, v.i., as usual followed by a complement: (1) have the capacity for, be able to: 他很來得一兩杯 he is able to drink quite a few cups;
9. 來得 lair-’de, v.i., (2) act or speak with great force: 你這一句話來得利害 your words are most telling;
10. 來得 lair-’de, v.i., 這一招兒來得好 this move (parry) of yours is well aimed;
11. 來得 lair-’de, v.i., (3) happen, come: 來得不巧 happens at the wrong (unfortunate) moment.

Num. Index: 來頓瓶

Num. Index: 來附

Num. Index: 來復

Num. Index: 來服

Num. Index: 來稿

Num. Index: 來歸

Num. Index: 來亨雞

Num. Index: 來回（兒）

Num. Index: 來朝

Num. Index: 來著

Num. Index: 來者

Num. Index: 來件

Num. Index: 來今

Num. Index: 來客

Num. Index: 來來

Num. Index: 來歷

Num. Index: 來臨

Num. Index: 來路

Num. Index: 來龍

Num. Index: 來牟

Num. Index: 來年

Num. Index: 來派

Num. Index: 來人

Num. Index: 來日

Num. Index: 來生

Num. Index: 來手

Num. Index: 來示

Num. Index: 來世

Num. Index: 來事

Num. Index: 來勢

Num. Index: 來使

Num. Index: 來頭（兒）

Num. Index: 來茲

Num. Index: 來往

Num. Index: 來意

Num. Index: 來儀

Num. Index: 來由

Num. Index: 來源

東 Num. Index: 10.01 dung .

N. & adj. (1) The east, eastern: 東方 east;
東邊 east side;
遠東 the Far East: 近東 Middle East;
東半球 Eastern Hemisphere;
東風過耳 (advice) unheeded;
東山再起 (of politician) to stage a comebake (allu.);
東施效顰 (allu.) ugly woman (東施) trying to imitate famous beauty (西施) knitting her brows.
(2) Host, landlord, owner: 房東 landlord;
股東 shareholder;
作東 be host of dinner;
東道，東兒，東家 dung-dauh, dung-’l, dung-jia↓.
(3) (MC) toilet, latrime 東廁，東司.
(4) A surname.

Adv. 東行 going east;
oft. coupled with 西 west, describing confusion, on all sider: 東倒西歪，東零西亂 lying on all sides;
東一個，西一個 lying here and there, spread everywhere;
東一拳，西一腳 a blow here, a kick there;
東不成，西不就 cannot or will not accept post and be without job;
東塗西抹 draw paint everywhere;
東食西宿 without definite place for board or lodging;
東拉西扯 (of talk) rambling, incoherent, disorderly;
東奔西走 going in all directions for s.t.;
東張西望 to look in all directions.

Words 1. 東北 dung-beei, n., northeast, usu. reference to Manchuria.
2. 東邊 dung-bian, adj., east side, on the east.
3. 東宝 dung-chuarng, n., son-in-law: 東宝快婿，坦腹東宝 (allu.).
4. 東道 dung-dauh, n., host for party: 做東道, also 東道主.
5. 東丁 dung-ding, n., jingling sound.
6. 東都 dung-du, n., Loyang in Suhng Dyn.
7. 東方 dung-fang, n., (1) the east, the Orient: 東方文化 oriental culture;
8. 東方 dung-fang, n., (2) a surname.
9. 東宮 dung-gung, n., the crown prince;
10. 東宮 dung-gung, n., his residence;
11. 東宮 dung-gung, n., also empress in East Palace.
12. 東家 dung-jia, n., (1) landlord, house owner;
13. 東家 dung-jia, n., (2)the person whom one serves as tutor, secretary or domestic help;
14. 東家 dung-jia, n., (3) eastern neighbor.
15. 東京 Dung-jing, n., Tokyo;
16. 東京 Dung-jing, n., 東京灣 Gulf of Tonkin, also Tokyo Bay.
17. 東兒 dung-’l, n., host for party.
18. 東南亞 Dung-narn-yaa, n., Southeast Asia;
19. 東南亞 Dung-narn-yaa, n., 東南亞公約組織 Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO).
20. 東三省 Dung-san-sheeng, n., Manchuria.
21. 東西 dung-shi, n., (1) east and west;
22. 東西 dung-shi, n., (2) (dung-’shi) a thing: 很多東西 many things;
23. 東西 dung-shi, n., 甚麼東西 what, what things;
24. 東西 dung-shi, n., 你是甚麼東西 (abusive) what are you anyway? 不是東西 a rascal, scoundrel.
25. 東廁 dung-tseh, n., latrine.
26. 東亞 Dung-yaa, n., East Asia.
27. 東洋 Dung-yarng, n., Japan;
28. 東洋 Dung-yarng, n., 東洋人 Japanese;
29. 東洋 Dung-yarng, n., 東洋車 rickshaw, also called 人力車 jinrickshaw.
30. 東瀛 Dung-yirng, n., Jajpan.

柬 Num. Index: 10.01 jiaan .

N. (Interch. □) a written note, calling cards: 喜柬 invitation to a wedding;
柬帖，名柬 a visiting card;
請柬 a formal invitation;
紅柬 formerly, red visiting cards;
禮柬 a card sent with presents;
庚柬，媒柬 betrothal card giving the name of the betrothed and the year, month, day, and hour of his (her) birth.

V.t. (Interch. 揀) select, choose.

束 Num. Index: 10.01 shuh .

N. (1) A bundle, bale, bunch: 一束花 a bunce of flowers;
一束草 a bundle of straw;
束芻，束脩 shuh-chur, shuh-shior↓.
(2) A surname.

V.t. To tie, tie up, keep immobile, put away: 束縛 shuh-fur↓;
束髮 to tie up hair;
束手 shuh-shoou↓;
束之高閣 to shelve a matter (put it away unheeded);
拘束 exercise rigid control over, not free;
管束，約束 control, put restraint (on children);
結束 conclude (matter, discussion).

Words 1. 束帛 shuh-bor, v.i., (AC) ancient rite of betrothal, the bridegroom giving a roll of silks.
2. 束芻 shuh-chur, n., a bundle of grass in sacrifice at grave.
3. 束髮 shuh-faa, v.i., tie up the hair;
4. 束髮 shuh-faa, v.i., (AC) cercmony of capping boy on maturity.
5. 束縛 shuh-fur, v.t. & adj. & n., constraint, rihid control: 不受束縛 will not submit to control.
6. 束躬 shuh-gung, v.i., (LL) exercise self-control in conduct.
7. 束裝 shuh-juang, v.i., as in 束裝就道 to pack up for journey.
8. 束身 shuh-shen, v.i., see shuh-gung↑.
9. 束脩 shuh-shiou, n., a teacher’s salary－in Confucius’ time, a parcel of dried meat (脩).
10. 束手 shuh-shoou, v.i., to fold one’s hands in gesture of hopelessness: 束手待斃 wait helplessly for death;
11. 束手 shuh-shoou, v.i., □醫束手 the doctors can do nothing to help.
12. 束胸 shuh-shyung, n., a brassiere.
13. 束腰 shuh-yau, (1) n., a girdle;
14. 束腰 shuh-yau, (2) v.i., to girdle the waist.

棗 Num. Index: 10.01 tzaau .

N. (Bot.) the date tree or its fruit: 棗子 tzaau-’tz;
棗兒 tzaau-’l↓;
蜜棗 preserved dates;
紅棗，黑棗 red, black dates.

Words 1. 棗核兒 tzaau-her-’l, n., datestones;
2. 棗核兒 tzaau-her-’l, n., 棗核檳榔 see-tzaau-’l↓;
3. 棗核兒 tzaau-her-’l, n., 棗核兒桃 a kind of slender peach;
4. 棗核兒 tzaau-her-’l, n., shaped like date-stones.
5. 棗紅 tzaau-hurng, n., red like dates (also 棗兒紅).
6. 棗兒 tzaau-’l, n., dates;
7. 棗兒 tzaau-’l, n., 棗兒 or 棗核兒檳榔 the betel nut;
8. 棗兒 tzaau-’l, n., 棗兒榚 steamed cake with dates.
9. 棗泥 tzaau-nir(’l), n., date paste.
10. 棗仁 tzaau-rern, n., kernel of dates.
11. 棗糖兒色 tzaau-tarng’l-shaai, n., reddish-brown.

木 Num. Index: 10.01 muh .

N. (1) Wood: 木已成舟 too late to change.
(2) Trees, timber: 樹木 trees;
林木 forest;
木皮 bark;
木屑 sawdust, wood chips;
木桶，木橋 wooden pail, bridge, etc.;
木刻，木雕 wood carving, carved of wood;
木偶，木像 wooden idol, figure;
木偶戲 puppet show;
木紋，木理 wood grain;
木行 timber shop, etc.
(3) One of five elements 五行, the elenent of growth and expansion.
(4) The planet 木星 Jupiter;
木曜日 Friday.
(5) A surname.

Adj. (1) Wooden.
(2) Insensitive: 木了，麻木 (了) benumbed, paralyzed;
木訥 muh-nah↓；
木頭木腦 blockhead, stupid;
木立 stand like a post;
木雕泥塑 (person like) clay or wooden statue, blockhead.

Words 1. 木板 muh-baan, n., wooden board, plank;
2. 木板 muh-baan, n., 木板畫 woodcut.
3. 木半夏 muh-bahn-shiah, n., (bot.) wild cherry.
4. 木本 muh-been, n., trees (a classification as dist. from grass 艸本)
5. 木□ muh-bie, n., (bot.) Momordica, a tropical fruit.
6. 木筆 muh-bii, n., magnolia, also called 辛夷.
7. 木廠 muh-chaang, n., timber mill.
8. 木強 muh-chiarng, adj., stiff, insensitive. also wr. 木疆.
9. 木材 muh-chair, n., timber.
10. 木器 muh-chih, n., wooden vessels, wooden furniture.
11. 木蠹蛾 muh-duh-er, n., (zoo.) a moth which eats into trees, Cossus lignipera.
12. 木鐸 muh-duor, n., (AC) a bell with wooden clapper, used for communal signal.
13. 木耳 muh-eel, n., edible tree fungus.
14. 木筏 muh-far, n., wooden raft.
15. 木芙蓉 muh-fur-rurng, n., (bot.) hibiscus.
16. 木瓜 muh-gua, n., papaya.
17. 木管樂器 muh-guaan-yueh-chih, n., wood-wind instruments.
18. 木工 muh-gung, n., carpenter.
19. 木札 muh-jar, n., slips of wood.
20. 木雞 muh-ji, n., (AC) insensate like a wooden chicken.
21. 木屐（子） muh-ji(’tz), n., wooden sandals.
22. 木匠 muh-jiahng, n., carpenter.
23. 木焦油 muh-jiau-your, n., (chem.) wood tar.
24. 木槿 muh-jiin, n., hibiscus.
25. 木精 muh-jing, n., wood alcohol.
26. 木樁 muh-juang, n., wooden pile.
27. 木主 muh-juu, n., spirit tablet＝神主.
28. 木刻 muh-keh, n. & adj., woodcarved (object);
29. 木刻 muh-keh, n. & adj., wood carving;
30. 木刻 muh-keh, n. & adj., woodcut.
31. 木蠟 muh-lah, n., wood wax, Japan wax.
32. 木蘭 muh-larn¹, n., magnolia;
33. 木蘭 muh-larn¹, n., name of famous girl impersonating as man soldier, celebrated in song and drama;
34. 木蘭 muh-larn¹, n., 木蘭花 (慢) name of melodic form in Suhng poetry.
35. 木藍 muh-larn², n., indigo dye stuff, made from 馬棘 Indigofera tinctoria.
36. 木料 muh-liauh, n., timber.
37. 木馬 muh-maa, n., wooden horse (gymnastics)
38. 木棉 muh-miarn, n., cotton.
39. 木乃伊 muh-naai-yi, n., mummy.
40. 木訥 muh-nah, adj., silent, slow of speech.
41. 木牛流馬 muh-niour-liour-maa, n., military transport vehicles, with control mechanism, credited to 諸葛亮 around 220 A.D.
42. 木偶 muh-oou, n., wooden figure;
43. 木偶 muh-oou, n., a blocehead, puppet;
44. 木偶 muh-oou, n., 木偶戲 a puppet show.
45. 木排（兒） muh-pair (muh-pai-’l), n., raft.
46. 木芍藥 muh-shaur-yauh, n., (MC) peonia.
47. 木犀 muh-’shi, n., (bot.) cassia.
48. 木香 muh-shiang, n., putchuck, an incense of Cambodia;
49. 木香 muh-shiang, n., 木香花 n., banksia rose.
50. 木星 muh-shing, n., planet Jupiter.
51. 木梳 muh-shu, n., comb.
52. 木蝨 muh-shy, n., wood louse, bedbug.
53. 木樨 muh-shyu, n., (bot.) the cassia;
54. 木樨 muh-shyu, n., 木樨肉 scrambled egg;
55. 木樨 muh-shyu, n., 木樨湯 egg soup (from gen. Peking custom to avoid the word 蛋 dahn).
56. 木炭 muh-tahn, n., charcoal.
57. 木頭 muh-’tou, n., wood, wood block;
58. 木頭 muh-’tou, n., blockhead.
59. 木叢 muh-tsurng, n., copse, wood, grove.
60. 木賊 muh-tzer, n., a short, stiff grass, used for polishing wood.
61. 木作 muh-tzuoh, n., carpentry.
62. 木魚 muh-yur, n., wooden fish used for beating rhythm during Buddhist incantations.
63. 木俑 muh-yuung, n., (AC) wooden idol.

森 Num. Index: 10.01 sen .

N. Forest: 森林 sen-lirn↓

Adj. (1) In close rows as trees in forest: 森羅 sen-luor↓;
in close rows.
(2) Dark: 陰森 dark in dealings, cunning;
黑森森 very dark;
森然 see sen-yarn↓.
(3) Severe: 森嚴 sen-yarn↓.

Adv. (LL) rising or growing closely: 林豎，森聳 (buildings, trees) rising closely together or in a row;
森列 displayed, stacked closely (weapons, armed soldiers, monuments, etc.).

Words 1. 森林 sen-lirn, n., forest, cultivated or wild.
2. 森羅 sen-luor, adj., formidable: 森羅萬象 in formidable array;
3. 森羅 sen-luor, adj., 森羅殿 palace of the King of Hell＝閻羅殿.
4. 森森 sen-sen, adj. & adv., dark, close, thick (vegetation): 黑森森 frightfully dark.
5. 森嚴 sen-yarn, adj., (laws, regulations) severe.
6. 森鬱 sen-yuh, adj., thickly overgrown.

槧 Num. Index: 10.01 chiahn .

N. & v.t. Engraving on woodblock;
宋槧 a Suhng (wood-block) edition.

橐 Num. Index: 10.01 tuor .

N. A hollow bag open on both ends, dist.
囊 closed on one end.

Words 1. 橐筆 tuor-bii, phr., formerly, poor scholar with a bag of books and a pen stuck in hair, symbolic of writing profession.
2. 橐駝 tuor-tuor¹, n., camel;
3. 橐駝 tuor-tuor¹, n., a hunchback.
4. 橐橐 tuor-tuor², adj., click-clack, sound of footsteps.
5. 橐籥 tuor-yueh, n., a (pair of) bellows.

櫜 Num. Index: 10.01 gau .

N. (AC) case or bag for bows and arrows.

V.t. (AC) to put away in bag.

柰 Num. Index: 10.01 naih .

N. A crab apple.

Adv. (Corrupt var. of 奈 12.01).

禁 Num. Index: 10.01 jihn (*jin ).

N. (1) Royal residence: 宮禁 palace grounds;
紫禁城 the Forbidden City in Peking;
禁城 jihn-cherng↓, 禁苑 jihn-yuahn↓;
禁中 imperial quarters;
禁宪軍 jihn-weih-jyun↓.
(2) Sorcery, witchcraft.

V.t. (1) Prohibit, forbid: 禁止 jihn-jyy, 禁令 jihn-lihng↓;
違禁 illegal acts;
違禁品 n., & adj., contraband;
禁制 jihn-jyh↓;
禁屠 days on which no meat is sold;
禁煙，禁賭，禁娼 ban on opium-smoking, gambling, prostitution;
禁酒 (U.S history) Prohibition;
嚴禁 strictly forbid(den);
開禁 lifting of a ban;
禁運 trade embargo;
禁地 forbidden ground;
難禁 difficult (impossible) to suppress;
不禁 cannot help it;
情不自禁 cannot control oneself (one’s own feelings).
(2) Take into custody, imprison: 監禁 throw into prison;
囚禁 imprison, incarcerate;
禁閉 jihn-bih, 禁錮 jihn-guh, 禁卒 jihn-tzur, 禁子 jihn-tz↓.
(3) To taboo: 禁忌 jihn-jih↓.
(4) (*jihn) Be able to withstand or endure: 禁得起，禁不起 (住) can, cannot stand.

Adj. & adv. (*jin) Durable, -bly: 禁穿 (of clothes) to wear well;
禁用 long-lasting, serviceable for a long time;
禁燒 (of fuel) slowburning.

Words 1. 禁閉 jihn-bih, v.t., to jail, lock up, detain.
2. 禁城 jihn-cherng, n., palace grounds;
3. 禁城 jihn-cherng, n., 紫禁城 the Forbidden City in Peking.
4. 禁地 jihn-dih, n., forbidden ground.
5. 禁方 jihn-fang, n., a secret formula or prescription.
6. 禁錮 jihn-guh, v.t., (1) imprison;
7. 禁錮 jihn-guh, v.t., (2) (AC) debar from holding office.
8. 禁悞 jihn-guoo, n., the forbidden fruit.
9. 禁忌 jihn-jih, n. & v.i., taboos (in food, superstitution).
10. 禁制 jihn-jyh, v.t., restrict, prohibit, forbid, ban.
11. 禁軍 jihn-jyun, n., short for 禁宪軍 jihn-weih-jyun↓.
12. 禁止 jihn-jyy, v.t., forbid, prohibit, ban: 禁止吸煙 “no smoking.”
13. 禁例 jihn-lih, n., an official ban or restraint.
14. 禁令 jihn-lihng, n., legal restriction or ban.
15. 禁臠 jihn-luarn, n., (LL) the “forbidden fruit,” much desired but inaccessible woman.
16. 禁書 jihn-shu, n., an officially banned book.
17. 禁土 jihn-tuu, n., (astrology) days on which all ground-digging is forbidden.
18. 禁子 jihn-tz, n., a jailer.
19. 禁卒 jihn-tzur, n., ditto.
20. 禁網 jihn-waang, n., network of legal restrictions.
21. 禁宪軍 jihn-weih-jyun, n., imperial guards.
22. 禁夜 jihn-yieh, v.i. & n., (declare) a curfew.
23. 禁掖 jihn-yih, n., palace grounds.
24. 禁苑 jihn-yuahn, n., imperial gardens.
25. 禁慾 jihn-yuh, v.i., suppress sensual passion;
26. 禁慾 jihn-yuh, v.i., 禁慾主義 asceticism.

索 Num. Index: 10.01 suoo .

N. (1) suoo-tz A rope: 鐵索 iron cable: 索頭 suoo-tour↓.
(2) A surname.

V.t. (1) To search, try to get: 披索ditto;
索求，索解 suoo-chiour, suoo-jiee↓;
索取 suoo-chyuu↓.
(2) To demand (payment): 索欠，索薪 suoo-chiahn, suoo-shin↓.

Vb. aux. (MC) must (＝須): 這數年索是（＝須是）辛苦也 these last few years must be hard indeed;
你索教（＝須使）意兒溫存 you must try to be gentle;
不索（＝不須）生嗔 don’t be angry.

Adj. Lonely, depressed: 索然 suoo-rarn↓;
離群索居 live alone, cut off from society.

Adv. (*suor) 索性 suor-shihng↓.

Words 1. 索欠 suoo-chiahn, v.i., to demand pay.
2. 索求 suoo-chiour, v.t., to seek (person, job, etc.).
3. 索取 suor-chyuu, v.i., try to get, obtain.
4. 索合 suoo-her, aux. vb., (MC) must (＝須當).
5. 索解 suor-jiee, phr., requires explanation.
6. 索落 suoo-luoh, v.t., (coll.) to berate (person).
7. 索寞 suoo-moh, adj., lonely, bored, depressed (also wr. 索莫，索漠).
8. 索賠 suoo-peir, v.t., claim.
9. 索然 suoo-rarn, adj., (1) dull, uninteresting: 索然無味;
10. 索然 suoo-rarn, adj., (2) quiet, isolated: 牙門索然 (AC) commandant’s office is quiet, without callers;
11. 索然 suoo-rarn, adj., (3) depressed: 索然出涕 (AC) depressed and shed tears.
12. 索性 *suor-shihng, adi., (1) straight-tempered;
13. 索性 (2) (*suor-shihng), adv., may just as well, simply, without further ado: 索性給了他 might just as well make it a gift to him;
14. 索性 (2) (*suor-shihng), adj., 索性走了 left without further trouble.
15. 索薪 suoo-shin, phr., to demand payment of salary in arrears.
16. 索是 suoo-shyh, aux. vb., (MC) must be.
17. 索索 suor-suoo, adj., (1) a rustle, whispering sound;
18. 索索 suor-suoo, adj., (2) (AC) frightened, startled;
19. 索索 suor-suoo, adj., (3) bored, see suoo-rarn↑.
20. 索頭 suoo-tour, n., end of a rope.
21. 索要 suoo-yauh, v.t., to demand (money, etc.).
22. 索引 suor-yiin¹, n., an index: 書名索引 title index;
23. 索引 suor-yiin¹, n., 作者索引 author index, etc.
24. 索隱 suoo-yiin², phr., (1) 探賾索隱 (AC) to search for hidden meanings;
25. 索隱 suoo-yiin², phr., (2) 索隱行怪 to look for the abstruse and behave eccentrically.

素 Num. Index: 10.01 suh .

N. (1) White silk;
(LL) a letter;
縞素 white of mourning.
(2) Vegetarian food: 吃素，茹素 be vegetarian;
素食 suh-shyr↓.
(3) Element, factor: 原素 chemical element;
factor in situation.

Adj. (1) White, color of mourning: 素服 suh-fur↓;
素車白馬 white horse and unadorned carriage used at funeral;
素手 suh-shoou↓;
素月 the bright moon.
(2) Simple, unadorned: 樸素 (person) simple, without ostentation of any kind;
素質 suh-jyr↓;
素服，素位，素餐 suh-fur, suh-weih, suh-tsan↓.
(3) Usual, habitual, present and past: 素望 usual, habitual reputation;
素願 lifelong wish;
素行 suh-shirng, 素交suh-jiau↓;
素風 habitual manner.
(4) Vegetarian, opp. 葷 hun, meat: 素火腿 ham made of bean curd;
素麵 noodles with vegetarian garnish;
素油 suh-your↓;
素席 suh-shir¹↓.
(5) Poor: 寒素 (family) poor;
無奈自己手頭兒素 unfortunately have no money.

Adv. Usually, in the past, heretofore: 平素 ditto;
素來，素日，素昔 suh-lair, suh-ryh, suh-shir²↓;
素不相識 didn’t know him before;
素不通信 haven’t written each other before;
素稱 has been known to be;
素識 have known (person) for a long time;
素知 I have known always.

Words 1. 素常 suh-charng, adv., usually (comes to office punctually, etc.).
2. 素秋 suh-chiou, n., autumn.
3. 素琴 suh-chirn, n., a stringed instrument without strings typical of 陶淵明 Taur Yuanmirng’s easy, simple nature.
4. 素尺 suh-chyy, n., (LL) a letter.
5. 素封 suh-feng, adj., (AC) rich without ranks.
6. 素服 suh-fur, n., (1) white dress;
7. 素服 suh-fur, n., (2) white of mourning.
8. 素交 suh-jiau, n., long-known friend.
9. 素節 suh-jier, n., (1) habitual conduct;
10. 素節 suh-jier, n., (2) personal integrity;
11. 素節 suh-jier, n., (3) (LL, rare) autumn season.
12. 素淨 suh-jihng, adj., simple and neat (dress).
13. 素志 suh-jyh, n., life ambition.
14. 素質 suh-jyr, n., (1) innate quality (of material) or character;
15. 素質 suh-jyr, n., (2) white background.
16. 素來 suh-lair, adv., see suh-charng↑.
17. 素練 suh-liahn, n., (LL) waterfall (coming down like a sheet of white silk).
18. 素描 suh-miaur, v.i. & n., to sketch, a sketch (painting);
19. 素描 suh-miaur, v.i. & n., delineate (character in novel).
20. 素朴 suh-pur, adj., simple, unadorned (also wr. 素樸).
21. 素日 suh-ryh, adv., usually, in the past, see suh-charng↑.
22. 素性 suh-shihng, n., one’s nature, temperament.
23. 素馨 suh-shin¹, n., jasmine.
24. 素心 suh-shin², n., one’s simple, habitual nature;
25. 素心 suh-shin², n., 素心人 person of simple character;
26. 素心 suh-shin², 素心蘭 suh-shin-larn, n., a kind of orchid with undotted petals.
27. 素席 suh-shir¹, n., a vegetarian meal.
28. 素昔 suh-shir², adv., here to fore.
29. 素行 suh-shirng, n., habitual conduct.
30. 素手 suh-shoou, (1) n., white hand;
31. 素手 suh-shoou, (2) adj., empty-handed.
32. 素（因）數 suh (yin) shuh, n., (math.) prime (factor) number.
33. 素事 suh-shyh¹, n., funeral affairs.
34. 素識 suh-shyh², n., old acquaintance.
35. 素食 suh-shyr, n. & v.i., (1) (be) vegetarian;
36. 素食 suh-shyr, n. & v.i., (2) (AC) eat without work, see suh-tsan↓.
37. 素菜 suh-tsaih, n., vegetarian dish.
38. 素餐 suh-tsan, v.i., hold sinecure job.
39. 素族 suh-tzur, n., (come from) common folks without rank.
40. 素王 suh-warng, n., the uncrowned king-Confucius.
41. 素位 suh-weih, phr., 素其位而行 (AC) act according to one’s status or station in life.
42. 素養 suh-yaang, n., cultivated manners or poise;
43. 素養 suh-yaang, n., cultivation of learning.
44. 素油 suh-your, n., vegetable oil.
45. 素願 suh-yuahn, n., (my) cherished ambition or wish.
46. 素約 suh-yue, n., long-standing promise.

紮 Num. Index: 10.01 jar (*tza ).

N. A bundle (of flowers, etc.).

V.t. (1) To tie up, pack up: 紮裹 jar-’guo↓;
包紮，用繩子紮起來 to pack with strings, tape, rope.
(2) (*tza) 紮住，紮緊 tie up fast;
紮燈，紮風箏 make paper lantern, kite, with string;
紮辮子 make a queue.
(3) To pitch (tent, camp): 紮營，紮寨 jar-yirng, jar-jaih↓.

Words 1. 紮裹 jar-’guo, v.i., (coll.) adjust girdle and shoes;
2. 紮裹 jar-’guo, v.i., tidy up.
3. 紮寨 *tzar-jaih, v.i., pitch tent, to encamp (usu. of brigands).
4. 紮門 *tzar-mern, v.i., to stand guard at gate.
5. 紮營 *tzar-yirng, v.i., (of army units) set up base camp.

徧 Num. Index: 10.01 jar (*tza ). [Var. of 紮]

絜 Num. Index: 10.01 shier (*jier ).

Adj. (*jier) U.f. 潔 63A.01.

Words 1. 絜矩 shier-jyuu, v.i., follow the golden rule: 絜矩之道 the principle of reciprocity.

繫 Num. Index: 10.01 shih (*jih ). [Cf. related 係 91A.01, 系 90.01]

V.t. (1) To tie up, around (also *jih): 繫伴，繫囚 shih-bahn, shih-chiour↓.
(2) To remember in mind: 繫掛，繫懷 shih-guah, shih-huair↓.
(3) To be in contact: 聯繫 to contact (person), 取聯繫 get in contact.

Words 1. 繫絆 shih-bahn (*jih-bahn), n., a stumbling rope across roadway (＝羈絆);
2. 繫絆 shih-bahn (*jih-bahn), n., a burden, added responsibility, what impedes movement.
3. 繫囚 shih-chiour (*jih-chiour), n., a prisoner in fetters.
4. 繫掛 shih-guah, v.t., to be concerned with, think always of (person perhaps in need).
5. 繫懷 shih-huair, v.i. & t., to have constantly on one’s mind.
6. 繫戀 shih-liahn, v.i. & t., ditto.
7. 繫念 shih-niahn, v.i. & t., ditto.
8. 繫腰 shih-yau, n., (MC) a girdle.

纛 Num. Index: 10.01 dauh (or dur ).

N. Big square army banner.

求 Num. Index: 10.02 chiour .

N. A surname.

V.i. & t. (1) To beg for, to seek or look for, to demand: 要求 to demand;
苛求 to demand too much (of person) or criticize by severe standards;
求索 to seek for;
求偶 seek for life mate;
求婚，求人 chiour-hun, chiour-rern↓;
求職，求事 seek for job;
求才 look for real talents;
反求諸己 to look for cause of failure in oneself;
求治 (the people) yearn for peace, (ruler) tries to put country in order;
求之不得 just what one wished for;
可遇而不可求 s.t. unique which may come by chance but not by diligent search;
供過於求 supply exceeds demand;
求漿得酒 get more than that one was looking for ;
求田問舍 to busy oneself with business deals and have no higher ambition in life, looking for a site for a permanent home.
(2) To beg, request, pray for: 求乞，求化，求情 chiour-chii, chiour-huah, chiour-chirng↓;
求你，求求你 I beg you;
求借 beg to borrow;
求見 beg for an interview;
求子，求雨 pray for the birth of a son, for rain;
求生不得，求死未能 can neither live nor die-utter misery;
有求必應 (of god, gentleman) never refuses a request.
(3) Set one’s mind to, try to: 力求上進 try to make progress in studies;
不求有功，只求無過 dare not hope for great accomplishment, but only to be free from mistakes;
力求 try very hard to;
求名，求利 set one’s mind to obtain fame, wealth;
刻意求工 try to do one’s best (in writing, workmanship);
(oft. +adj.);
求速，求簡 try to be efficient, simple;
求備，求全 chiour-beih, chiour-chyuarn↓.

Words 1. 求備 chiour-beih, phr., to ask for perfection: 毋求備於一人 don’t ask for perfection in any man.
2. 求成 chiour-cherng, phr., hope for success.
3. 求籤 chiour-chian, v.i., to pray and draw divination sticks at temple.
4. 求乞 chiour-chii, v.i., & t., to ask s.o. for s.t. (help, pardon, etc.).
5. 求親 chiour-chin, v.i., (1) to ask for marriage between two families;
6. 求親 chiour-chin, v.i., (2) to ask for help from relatives.
7. 求情 chiour-chirng, v.i., to ask for special consideration, make appeal as friend or for friend.
8. 求全 chiour-chyuarn, v.i., to ask for perfection: 萬事莫求全 don’t ask for perfection;
9. 求全 chiour-chyuarn, v.i., 求全之毀 (AC) one tries one’s best and still gets criticized for it;
10. 求全 chiour-chyuarn, v.i., see 委^曲求全 90.93.
11. 求貸 chiour-daih, v.i., to ask for loan.
12. 求和 chiour-her, v.i., to beg for peace by offering surrender.
13. 求化 chiour-huah, v.i., (Budd.) to ask for subscriptions.
14. 求凰 chiour-huarng, v.i., a man looking for a life mate.
15. 求婚 chiour-hun, v.i., ask for a girl’s hand.
16. 求積法 chiour-ji-faa, n., (math.) mensuration.
17. 求假 chiour-jiah, phr., to ask for leave of absence.
18. 求教 chiour-jiauh, v.i., (court.) to ask for advice (cf. 請^教 60A.42).
19. 求救 chiour-jiouh, phr., to cry (ask) for help.
20. 求牡 chiour-muu, v.i., (AC) as in 雉鳴求其牡 a female pheasant calls for mate, (fig.) a girl courts a boy.
21. 求饒 chiour-raur, v.i., to ask for pardon.
22. 求人 chiour-rern, phr., (1) to ask others for help;
23. 求人 chiour-rern, phr., (2) to look for talents.

Num. Index: 求容

Words 1. 求仙 chiour-shian, phr., seek to meet with (Taoist) immortals.
2. 求心力 chiour-shin-lih, n., (phys.) centripetal force.
3. 求學 chiour-shyuer, v.i., to go to school or college for further studies;
4. 求學 chiour-shyuer, v.i., try to improve oneself in studies.

桼 Num. Index: 10.02 chi . [Var. of 漆 63A.02; dist. 黍]

漦 Num. Index: 10.02 lir .

N. Saliva: 龍漦 (myth.) dragon’s saliva (symbol of dyn.’s downfall).

V.i. (AC) to flow downstream.

表 Num. Index: 10.02 biaau .

N. (1) Outside, surface, contrasted with 况 lii, inside: 表况相應 front attack helped by people inside the city;
表况為奸 conspiracy with people working inside;
表况如一 conformity of profession and conduct;
溢於言表 (feeling) shows between the lines, in overtones;
出了意表(之外) beyond expectations, unexpectedly;
表面 biaau-miahn↓.
(2) External appearance: 儀表不凡 handsome looks;
虛有其表 deceptively handsome, good in appearance only.
(3) Memorial to emperor: 表章，表奏，奏表.
(4) Chart, graph, any chart for consultation, meter, watch: 手表 wrist watch;
鐘表 clock and watch (also wr. 鐘錶);
計程表 taximeter;
溫度表 thermometer;
氣壓表 barometer;
電表，水表 power, water meter;
一覽表 general chart;
圖表 chart;
表格 biaau-ger↓.
(5) Memorial tablet: 紀功表，碑表.
(6) Cousin on mother’s side, contrasted with 堂 on father’s side: 表妹，弟 cousin sister, brother;
表親 mother’s relatives;
中表 first cousin, child of father’s sister or mother’s brother.

V.t. To show, manifest, bring to surface, mention: 表同情 show sympathy: 略表寸心 just to show my gratitued, remembrance;
表過不提 merely mention by the way;
表達，表示，表明 biaau-dar, biaau-shyh, biaau-mirng, etc.↓;
表汗 bring about perspiration.

Words 1. 表白 biaau-bair, v.t., express (real feelings, intentions, usu. under clouded circumstances).
2. 表情 biaau-chirng, v.i., & n., (of actors) express feelings, such performance or expression.
3. 表尺 biaur-chyy, n., gun sight.
4. 表達 biaau-dar, v.t., express (ideas, feelings).
5. 表格 biaau-ger, n., blank form;
6. 表格 biaau-ger, n., chart
7. 表彰 biaau-jang¹, v.t., commend (work);
8. 表彰 biaau-jang¹, v.t., publicize (good works).
9. 表章 biaau-jang², n., memorial to emperor.
10. 表記 biaau-jih, n., a mark;
11. 表記 biaau-jih, n., souvenir, mark of remembrance.
12. 表決 biaau-jyuer, v.t., decide by vote: 付表決 put to the vote.

Num. Index: 表殼兒

Words 1. 表禮 biaur-lii¹, n., gift at first meeting.
2. 表况 biaur-lii², n., outside and inside.
3. 表蒙子 biaau-merng-tz, n., (dial.) watch cover.
4. 表面 biauu-miahn, n. & adj., outside, surface;
5. 表面 biauu-miahn, n. & adj., on the outside, superficial: 由表面觀之 look at on the surface;
6. 表面 biauu-miahn, n. & adj., 當表面 as a front;
7. 表面 biauu-miahn, n. & adj., 表面上 biaau-miahn-shahng, adj. & adv., superficial, -ly: 表面上的進步，朋友 superficial progress, friends;
8. 表面 biauu-miahn, n. & adj., 表面化 biaau-miahn-huah, v.i., come to the surface (of hidden feelings, currents).
9. 表明 biaau-mirng, v.t. & n., express, demonstrate (friendship, etc.), give expression to: 表明奸情 show up conspiracy, hypocrisy.
10. 表皮 biaau-pir, n., (biol.) epidermis;
11. 表皮 biaau-pir, n., (bot.) bark, outer layer.
12. 表瓤（兒） biaau-rarng(’l), n., inside mechanism of watch (瓤=meat of melon).
13. 表現 biaau-shiahn, v.t., give evidence of, show (work, results), demonstrate (ability).
14. 表象 biau-shiahng¹, n., signs (of heavens, approval, etc.).

Num. Index: 表相

Words 1. 表率 biaau-shuaih, n., model, personal example for others.
2. 表示 biaau-shyh, v.i., show, express, demonstrate: 表示同意，反對 express consent, disagreement;
3. 表示 biaau-shyh, v.i., 表示樂觀 show optimism.

Num. Index: 表土

Words 1. 表字 biaau-tzyh, n., secondary personal name=別號.
2. 表演 biaur-yaan, v.t. & n., perform (-ance).
3. 表揚 biaau-yarng, v.t., give public recognition.

喪 Num. Index: 10.02 sahng (*sang ). [Pop. □]

N. (*sang) (1) A funeral: 喪事 ditto;
出喪 hold funeral procession;
送喪 partake in above;
弔喪 attend funeral.
(2) Mourning: 居喪 be in mourning;
國喪 national mourning;
囚首喪面 with disheveled hair and dismal looks;
喪聲歪氣 (of servants) dismal and lazy.

V.t. (sahng) To lose (life, parents, country): 喪命 sahng-mihng↓;
喪妻，喪偶 lose one’s wife (through death);
喪家狗 as tray dag (homeless), (fig.) dismal, crestfallen appearance;
如喪考妣 wearing a funeral face as if newly bereft of both parents.

Adj. (*sahng) Downcast, outcast: 喪氣 sahng-chih↓: 頹喪 downcast, given up hope, dismal.

Words 1. 喪榜 *sang-baang, n., white notice of funeral in home.
2. 喪謗 sahng-’bang, v.t., to blaspheme;
3. 喪謗 sahng-’bang, v.t., to revile, slander.
4. 喪氣 sahng-chih, adj., (1) downcast, frustrated;
5. 喪氣 sahng-chih, (2) (sahng-’chi) adj., unlucky.
6. 喪膽 sahng-daan, v.i., to lose heart.
7. 喪服 *sang-fur, n., funeral costume.
8. 喪國 sahng-guor, v.i., to lose one’s country to conqueror, see one’s country subjugated.
9. 喪家 *sang-jia (*sang-’jia), n., family of deceased.
10. 喪祭 *sang-jih, n., funeral sacrifices.
11. 喪主 *sang-juu, n., eldest son during a parent’s funeral or eldest grandson in absence of eldest son.
12. 喪種 *sang-juung, n., a corruption of *sang-juu↑.
13. 喪志 *sahng-jyh, v.i., to lose ambition: 玩物喪志 be a playboy without ambitions.
14. 喪居 *sang-jyu, v.i., live in mourning.
15. 喪亂 *sahng-luahn, n., (AC) war and turmoil.
16. 喪門 *sang-mern, n., bereft family;
17. 喪門 *sang-mern, n., 喪門鬼 an evil spirit in charge of death (Death with a sickle).
18. 喪命 sahng-mihng, v.i., to die, esp. during war and turmoil.
19. 喪明 sahng-mirng, v.i., (1) become blind;
20. 喪明 sahng-mirng, v.i., (2) (AC allu. to father who) mourns the death of his son.
21. 喪煞 *sang-shah, n., return of the ghost of deceased to his home for a last look.
22. 喪身 sahng-shen, v.i., to lose one’s life (in accident, through drowning, incurring punishment, etc.).
23. 喪心 sahng-shin, phr., 喪心病狂 seized with crazy ideas, losing all balance of judgment.
24. 喪師 sahng-shy, v.i., be defeated in battle.
25. 喪事 *sang-shyh, n., funeral affair.
26. 喪失 sahng-shyr, v.i., to lose (a wallet, ambition, etc.).
27. 喪頭 *sang-tour, n., a slight nodding of head, less than usual, made by one in mourning.

裘 Num. Index: 10.02 chiour .

N. (1) A surname.
(2) A fur coat: 皮裘，裘衣 ditto;
狐裘 a fox coat;
輕裘肥馬 (AC) rich style of living (“light fur and well-fed horses”);
裘馬 ditto;
裘蔽金盡 (allu.) short of living expenses abroad (“coat tattered, gold gone”);
箕 ^ 裘 92A.80;
裘葛 change from fur to linen-passing of one year;
裘褐 simple gown of hempen material.

□ Num. Index: 10.02 nurng . [Arch. of 農 22.02]

製 Num. Index: 10.02 jyh .

V.t. To cut and make (dresses), to make (shoes, movies, clocks), to manufacture: 土製 home-made;
製成 make into (utensils);
鐵製，銅製，皮製 made of iron, copper, leather;
製紙 paper-making;
製片 make (produce) films;
製圖 make charts or blueprints;
製版 set up (printing) plates;
仿製 make copy after ancient model;
複製 make duplicates;
製法 method for making;
製藥 make medical pills, powder or lotion;
製品 product.

Words 1. 製片 jyh-piahn, n., film producer.
2. 製造 jyh-tzauh, v.t. & n., manufacture: 日本製造 made in Japan.
3. 製作 jyh-tzuoh, v.t., to create;
4. 製作 jyh-tzuoh, v.t., manufacture.

囊 Num. Index: 10.02 narng .

N. (1) A bag, case, sack, purse: 皮囊 a leather case;
革囊 ditto;
行囊 travelling bag;
背囊 knapsack;
被囊 sleeping bag;
囊空如洗 without a penny in one’s purse;
探囊取物 things which one can readily lay hands on, easily, as easy as picking one’s own pocket;
阮囊羞澀 (allu.) lacking sufficient funds to meet necessary expenses;
囊中物 things already in the bag;
囊中穎 talent is bound to make its mark (as point of awl in pocket) 錦囊妙計 have s.t. up one’s sleeve;
酒囊飯袋 “wine bag and rice basket”－(derog.) a glutton and a drunk, a good-for-nothing.
(2) A surname.

V.t. To put in a bag: 囊括 narng-gua↓;
囊螢映雪 (allu.) to study hard in spite of poverty (lit., to read by the light of bagged fireflies or the reflected light of snow).

Words 1. 囊□ narng-chuaih, n., (also nang-chuaih) pork near the pig’s nipples.
2. 囊括 narng-gua, v.t., to bag (wealth, etc.): 囊括一切 sweep up everything.

十 Num. Index: 10.10 shyr

N. & adj. Ten: 十多個，十來個 over ten (pieces);
十多歲，十來歲 over ten (of age);
幾十個 several tens or dozens;
百十來個 over hundred (pieces);
十二使徒 the Twelve Disciples;
十八羅漢 the eighteen Lohans (Arahats);
女大十八變 a growing girl changes a great deal, how a teenage girl changes from year to year;
十八般武藝 various skills in boxing, fighting with sword, spear, etc.;
十三經 the Thirteen Classics, see 經 93B.30;
十有八九 eight or nine out of ten;
十無二三 less than two or three out of ten;
十分之一 one-tenth;
十一 (a) eleven, (b) one-tenth;
十成，十分 shyr-cherng, shyr-fen↓;
十室九空 almost all (nine-tenths) houses empty after raid;
十拿九穩 almost (nine-tenths) certain, 90 percent sure;
十羊九牧 nine shepherds for ten sheep-more officials than residents;
十目所視，十手所指 (AC) all eyes see it and all fingers point to it-useless to hide;
十年樹木，百年樹人 it takes ten years to grow a tree and a hundred years to bring up a generation of good men-long-term plan.

Adj. & adv. Complete: 十全十美 perfect (beauty, character);
十足 shyr-tzur↓.

Words 1. 十成（兒） shyr-cherng(’l), adj., hundred per cent (gold content, etc.): 有十成把握 hundred, percent certain.
2. 十全 shyr-chyuarn, adj., perfect, all complete (happiness, etc.).
3. 十冬（臘月） shyr-dung, n., the winter months (10th, 11th and 12th).
4. 十二 shyr-eh (sh-eh), adj., twelve: 十二分抱歉，滿意 hundred percent (“120%”) sorry, satisfied;
5. 十二 shyr-eh (sh-eh), adj., 十二宮 the twelve constellations of the zodiac;
6. 十二 shyr-eh (sh-eh), 十二指腸 shyr-eh-jyy-charng, n., the duodenum;
7. 十二 shyr-eh (sh-eh), adj., 十二時 the twelve two-hour periods, 子，丑，寅，卯 (see Appendix A);
8. 十二 shyr-eh (sh-eh), adj., 十二小時 twelve hours;
9. 十二 shyr-eh (sh-eh), adj.,十二屬 shyr-eh-shuu, 十二肖 shyr-eh-shiauh, the twelve animals corresponding to twelve-year cycle (see Appendix A).
10. 十方 shyr-fang, n., (Budd.) the ten directions, north, south, east, west, four intermediate and above, ablow.
11. 十分 shyr-fen, adj. & adv., (1) hundred per cent (satisfied, pleased, etc.);
12. 十分 shyr-fen, adj. & adv., (2) tenth part: 十分之一，之三 one-tenth, three-tenths.
13. 十個頭兒 shyr-’ge-tour-’l, adv., (coll.) very, extremely: 天氣十個頭兒的冷 bitterly cold.
14. 十胡 shyr-hur, n., name of card game (also wr. 十湖).
15. 十進法 shyr-jihn-faa, n., the decimal system;
16. 十進法 shyr-jihn-faa, n., the metric system.
17. 十錦 shyr-jiin, adj., (dish) garnished with various ingredients: 十錦大鍋 casserole with defferent meat and vegetable contents.
18. 十惡 shyr-oh, n., (1) the ten cardinal sins;
19. 十惡 shyr-oh, n., (2) (law) 十惡不赦 formerly, ten unpardonable crimes, including rebellion and other not well-defined items, as lack of filial piety, of harmony in family relationships, lack of righteousness, of humanity, etc.;
20. 十惡 shyr-oh, n., beyond redemption.
21. 十項運動 shyr-shiang-yuhn-duhng, n., decathlon.
22. 十足 shyr-tzur, adj., hundred percent (pleased, arrogant, etc.): 十足赤金 24-karat gold;
23. 十足 shyr-tzur, adj., 十足洋奴 completely denationalized person, subservient to foreigners.
24. 十字（兒） shyr-tzyh (shyr-tzeh-’l), n. & adj., cross-shaped like letter ＋：十字架 the Christian cross;
25. 十字（兒） shyr-tzyh (shyr-tzeh-’l), n. & adj., 十字街 or 街口 crossroads;
26. 十字（兒） shyr-tzyh (shyr-tzeh-’l), n. & adj., 十字軍 the Crusades;
27. 十字（兒） shyr-tzyh (shyr-tzeh-’l), n. & adj., 十字火 cross fire;
28. 十字（兒） shyr-tzyh (shyr-tzeh-’l), n. & adj., 紅十字會 the Red Cross.
29. 十姊妹 shyr-tzyy-meih, n., (1) (zoo.) a kind of small singing birds, Uroloncha domestica;
30. 十姊妹 shyr-tzyy-meih, n., (2) (bot.) a plant of rose family, Rosa multiflora;
31. 十姊妹 shyr-tzyy-meih, n., (3) certain sisterhoods of Kwangtung, in which girls prefer independent work and pledge never to marry.
32. 十月 shyr-yueh, n., October;
33. 十月 shyr-yueh, n., 十月革命 shyr-yueh-ger-mihng, October Revolution (the Russian Revolution in 1917).

本 Num. Index: 10.10 been .

N. adjunct. A volume: 一本書 a book.

N. (1) Stem, root of plants: 艸本 grass family;
木本 plants with stiff trunks;
本草綱目 classical Chinese Materia Medica, a treatise on medicinal plants.
(2) Foundation of things: 本末倒置，捨本逐末 attend to the superficials and neglect the essentials;
事有本末 (AC) there is distinction of the basic essentials and the periphery.
(3) Origins: 源源本本 (trace) from the origins;
細說本末 recount the development from the beginning;
see 本源 been-yuarn↓;
忘本 (derog.) forget one’s ancestry or ancestral tradition.
(4) Capital (vs. interest), capital investment: 資本 capital in gen.;
本利 capital and interest;
不夠本，虧本，賠本，折本 lose money, cannot cover cost;
小本，無本 small, inadequate capital;
see 本錢 been-chiarn↓.
(5) Edition, manuscript copy: 原刻本 original edition;
抄本 manuscript copy;
臨本 copy of calligraphy or painting;
拓本，搨本 rubbings from stone inscriptions;
奏本 memorial to emperor;
see 本兒，本子 been-’l, been-tz↓.

Adj. (1) This, the present, our: 本日，本月，本週，本年 this day,month, week, year;
本埠，市 local (mail), this city;
本國，本省 our country, this or our province;
本鄉 or 本鄉土兒 our (one’s) local district;
本校 our school;
本號 our shop;
本人 been-rern↓;
本土 native (products, etc.).
(2) Original: 本籍 one’s ancestral district;
本意 original meaning or intention;
本義 original meaning.

Adv. Originally, indicating what is not, but should be (short for 本來): 本（來）應該如此 should have been so anyway, similarly 本應，本該，本當；
本（來）不如此 originally it was not so;
本屬，本是，本可 originally belong, should be, might;
本可合併討論 (the two problems) could have been discussed together.

Words 1. 本部 been-buh, n., headquarters, as 參謀本部 military staff headquarters.
2. 本錢 been-chiarn, n., capital investment, layout, sometimes display of a person’s stock in trade, as physical charms of an attractive woman.
3. 本地 been-dih, n., & adj., native place or people, local;
4. 本地 been-dih, n., & adj., 本地人，話 local people, dialect;
5. 本地 been-dih, n., & adj., 本地出產 local product.
6. 本分 been-fehn, n., duty.
7. 本工兒 been-hung-’l, n., (coll.) what is one’s duty.
8. 本行 been-harng, n., (1) one’s own profession: 這是我本行 this is my line;
9. 本行 been-harng, n., (2) our firm.
10. 本家 been-jia, n., same clan or family: 本家兒 (a) same clan;
11. 本家 been-jia, n., (b) the family of bride, groom or deceased, etc. on occasions (wedding, funeral, accident, etc.): 新娘本家 bride’s family.
12. 本金 been-jin, n., ＝ been-chiarn↓.
13. 本州 been-jou, n., (1) Honshu, Japan’s largest island;
14. 本州 been-jou, n., (2) this district.
15. 本主兒 bern-juu-’l, n., (law) rightful owner;
16. 本主兒 bern-juu-’l, n., person involved on certain occasions.
17. 本質 been-jyr, n., innate character (of metal, children), essential character (of teachings).
18. 本旨 been-jyy, n., main purpose, tenet.
19. 本兒 been-’l, n., (1) capital (money);
20. 本兒 been-’l, n., (2) a copy, volume.
21. 本來 been-lair, adv. & adj., originally, as a matter of fact: 本來不該他的事 (this matter) should not comcern him;
22. 本來 been-lair, adv. & adj., 本來面目 real (unmasked), original appearance or character.
23. 本利 been-lih, n., capital and interest;
24. 本利 been-lih, n., 本利和 total of capital and interest.
25. 本領 bern-liing, n., skill, skillful ability.
26. 本論 been-luhn, n., main tenet.
27. 本命年 been-mihng-niarn, n., recurrent year in the ewelve-year cycle, of the same animal (rat, cow, etc.) as one’s year of birth.
28. 本末 been-moh, n., beginning and end, see N. 1↓;
29. 本末 been-moh, n., 紀 ^ 事本末93B.70
30. 本能 been-nerng, n., instinct, born ability.
31. 本票 been-piauh, n., promissory note;
32. 本票 been-piauh, n., 銀行本票 cashier’s check;
33. 本票 been-piauh, n., 質押本票 collateral note;
34. 本票 been-piauh, n., 動產抵押本票 cognovit note.
35. 本人 been-rern, n., the person himself (applicant, plaintiff, etc.);
36. 本人 been-rern, n., (court.) I, myself＝鄙^人 40S.22
37. 本色 been-seh, n., true color: 英雄本色 true color of a hero;
38. 本色 been-seh, n., natrual color;
39. 本色 been-seh, n., 本色兒 been-seh-’l, n., unstained, undyed color of article.
40. 本身 been-shen, n., self, person himself: 本身品行 person’s own conduct (apart from his preachings);
41. 本身 been-shen, n., itself (民族本身 the nation itself).
42. 本生 been-sheng, adj., natural;
43. 本生 been-sheng, adj., 本生父母 one’s real, natural parents.
44. 本性 been-shihng, n., man’s natural character, what is born in man.
45. 本心 been-shin, n., true intention;
46. 本心 been-shin, n., conscience: 非出於本心 was forced by others, not one’s free will.
47. 本息 been-shir, n., capital and interest (息＝利息).
48. 本師 been-shy, n., one’s master (in trade, religion).
49. 本事 been-shyh, n., (1) bern-liing↑;
50. 本事 been-shyh, n., (2) resum� of story in plays, movies.
51. 本題 been-tir, n., subject (of discussion).
52. 本子 been-tz, n., volume, edition, version, see N.5↑.
53. 本字 been-tzyh, n., the formal or early form of character, as opposed to later forms.
54. 本問 been-wehn, v.i., (arch.) investigate, question (＝盤問).
55. 本位 been-weih, n., basis, basic unit: 金本位，銀本位 gold, ailver standard of currency;
56. 本位 been-weih, n., 本位主義 working for self as motive;
57. 本位 been-weih, n., 本位工作 one’s proper duty.
58. 本務 been-wuh, n., proper duty.
59. 本業 been-yeh, n., one’s main profession;
60. 本業 been-yeh, n., original profession.
61. 本願 been-yuahn, n., true, real desire.
62. 本源 been-yuarn, n., origins.

丰 Num. Index: 10.10 feng . [Var. of 豐 21.30]

Adj. Good-looking handsome, full and round.

Words 1. 丰標 feng-biau, n., looks, appearance.
2. 丰容 feng-rurng, n., (court. to ladies) your face.
3. 丰神 feng-shern, n., handsome looks.
4. 丰態 feng-taih, n., demeanor.
5. 丰采 feng-tsaai, n., personal appearance: 一瞻丰采 (court.) to have a look at person’s beautiful appearance, i.e., to meet personally.
6. 丰姿 feng-tzy, n., handsome or pretty looks, demeanor (oft. of ladies).
7. 丰儀 feng-yir, n., esteemed personality.
8. 丰韻 feng-yuhn, n., personal charm.

車 Num. Index: 10.10 che (re. pr. *jyu ).

N. (1) A vehicle: 車輛 che-liahng↓;
汽車 an automobile, a motor car;
火車 a railway train: 火車頭 a locomotive;
馬車 a chariot, a carriage;
牛車 an ox cart;
手車 a handcart;
雞公車 (Szechuan dial.) a wheelbarrow;
戰車 chariot;
坦克車 a tank;
轎車 a sedan;
腳踏車，自行車 a bicycle;
摩托車，機車 a motorcycle;
電車 a tramcar, streetcar;
貨車 a motor truck, a lorry, a freight car;
旅行車 a station wagon;
油車 a tank truck;
跑車 a sport(s) car;
校車 school bus;
救火車 a fire engine;
救護車 an ambulance;
靈車 a hearse;
警車 a police van;
專車 a special car (train);
客車 a railway coach;
洋車，人力車，黃包車 a rickshaw;
三輪車 a pedicab, a tricycle.
餐車，飯車 a dining car, a diner;
臥車 a sleeping car, a sleeper, Pullman (car);
花車 floats: 花車遊行 a float parade;
駕車，開車 drive a car;
乘車，坐車，搭車 go by car (train);
上車 board a car (train);
下車 alight from a car (train);
車載斗量 immense quantities;
車水馬龍 heavy traffic on street (“an endless stream of horses and carriages”)
車匠 a wheel wright;
趕車的 a carter;
開車的 a car driver, chauffeur;
車禍 traffic accident;
車笠之盟 true friendship.
(2) Any device which operates with the help of wheels: 紡車 a spinning wheel;
吊車 a crane;
滑車 a pulley;
風車 a windmill;
衣車 (Cantonese dial.) a sewing machine;
水車 a water cart, a water wheel, a wooden treadmill for lifting water.
(3) (*jyu) A surname.
(4) A pawn in chess, the “chariot.”

V.t. (1) Carry in a cart: 車煤，車米 to cart away coal, rice.
(2) To lift (water): 車水 do this by means of a water wheel.
(3) To shape (things) on a lathe.

Words 1. 車把 che-baa, n., the handle bars of a bicycle or rickshaw.
2. 車前 che-chiarn¹, n., (bot.) the plantain, Plantago major var. asiatica.
3. 車錢 che-chiarn², n., money paid for hiring a car (cart, rickshaw, etc.).
4. 車宝 che-chuarng, n., a turner’s lathe.
5. 車道 che-dauh, n., a driveway.
6. 車燈 che-deng, n., the headlight of an automobile or motorcycle, abicycle lamp.
7. 車墊（子） che-diahn(tz), n., car cushions.
8. 車費 che-feih, n., cartage, car fare, car hire.
9. 車夫 che-’fu, n., a carter, a cart driver;
10. 車夫 che-’fu, n., also chauffeur.
11. 車轂轆 che-gu-’lu, n., car wheels: 車轂轆話 the same words repeated again and again;
12. 車轂轆 che-gu-’lu, n., 車轂轆圓 (sp. pr. che-gu-’lu-yuahn a children’s game in which they join hands to form a circle and dance and sing.
13. 車行 che-harng, n., (1) a place where carts may be bought or hired;
14. 車行 che-harng, n., (2) a garage;
15. 車行 che-harng, n., (3) a car dealer’s.
16. 車後喘 che-houh-chuaan, n., (sl.)part of retinue running after a carriage-a lackey.
17. 車長 che-jaang, n., the conductor of a train.
18. 車站 che-jahn, n., (1) a railway station;
19. 車站 che-jahn, n., (2) a bus stop.
20. 車照 che-jauh, n., a car license.
21. 車轍 che-jer, n., (1) a rut made by a passing vehicle;
22. 車轍 che-jer, n., (2) a driveway or track for cars.
23. 車腳錢 che-jiaau-’chian, n., fee paid for the deoivery of goods.
24. 車架 che-jiah, n., a lathe.
25. 車駕 *jyu-jiah, n., carriage.
26. 車磔 *jyu-jier, n., (AC) formerly, dismenberment of a person by making carts pull in different directions.
27. 車騎 *jyu-jih, n., (1) carriages and horses;
28. 車騎 *jyu-jih, n., (2) formerly, title of a military commander.
29. 車軸 che-jour, n., the axle.
30. 車捐 che-jyuan, n., a vehicle license fee.
31. 車鍊 che-liahn, n., the roller chain of a bicycle, the tire chain of an automobile.
32. 車輛 che-liahng, n., vehicles, carriages, carts, cars, esp. in traffic.
33. 車裂 *jyu-lieh, n., (＝車磔 che-jier↑).
34. 車輪（兒）（子） che-lurn (che-luen-’l)(tz), n., car wheels: 車輪會 a group of persons who take turns to invite one another to dinner;
35. 車輪（兒）（子） che-lurn (che-luen-’l)(tz), n., 車輸戰 formerly, a fight in which several persons take turns to engage one opponent in combat to tire him out.
36. 車馬 che-maa, n., carriages and horses: 門前冷落車馬稀 the house was deserted and there were few callers;
37. 車馬 che-maa, n., 車馬費 travel allowance.
38. 車幔 che-mahn, n., the curtain of a carriage.
39. 車門兒 che-mern (che-mer-’l), n., side doors of a motor vehicle or carriage.
40. 車牌 che-pair, n., the number plate of a vehicle.
41. 車棚 che-perng¹, n., a shed for vehicles.
42. 車篷（子） che-pergn²(tz), n., the awning of a cart.
43. 車票 che-piauh, n., a train or bus ticket.
44. 車皮 che-pir, n., (railway) unloaded rolling stock.
45. 車身 che-shen, n., the body of a car or carriage.
46. 車箱 che-shiang, n., (1) compartments of a railway train;
47. 車箱 che-shiang, n., (2) railway coaches;
48. 車箱 che-shiang, n., 車箱兒 (a) the inside of a car or carriage;
49. 車箱 che-shiang, n., (b) the boot (trunk) of an automobile.
50. 車胎 che-tai, n., car tires.
51. 車頭 che-tour, n., a train locomotive.
52. 車僮 che-turng, n., attendants on a railway train.
53. 車子 (1) *jyu-tz, n., formerly, a cart driver;
54. 車子 (2) (che-tz), a cart, carriage, wagon.
55. 車資 che-tzy, n., car fare.
56. 車帷 che-weir¹, n., see che-mahn↑.
57. 車圍（子） che-weir²(tz), n., the cloth hood of a carriage.
58. 車沿兒 che-yar-’l, n., the edge of a carriage.
59. 車轅（兒）（子） che-yuarn (che-yuar-’l)(tz), n., the shafts of a cart or carriage.

轟 Num. Index: 10.10 hung .

V.i. & t. (1) To explode or make noise of explosion: 雷轟 the thunder strikes.
(2) To attack by bomb, shell or by violence: 炮轟，轟擊 shell (enemy position);
他在議會上轟市長 he attacked the mayor in the Assembly;
寫文章轟他 attack him in writing;
轟走 show s.o. the door, run a person out of town;
轟出去 druve (person) out;
轟沉 to shell an sink (a boat).

Adj. A booming noise: see 轟轟 hung-hung↓.

Words 1. 轟動 hung-duhng, v.i. & t., as in 轟動一時 cause a sensation;
2. 轟動 hung-duhng, v.i. & t., 轟動全國 make a sensation all over the country.
3. 轟轟 hung-hung, adj., descriptive of big, booming noise: 轟轟烈烈 with a heroic determination or in a sensational manner.
4. 轟炸 hung-jah, v.t., to bomb (a place).
5. 轟擊 hung-jir, v.t., to shell by artillery.
6. 轟然 hung-rarn, adj. & adv., with booming noise.

辜 Num. Index: 10.10 gu .

N. (1) A crime, a criminal offense.
(2) A surname.

V.i. Be ungrateful: 辜負 gu-’fuh, 辜恩 gu-en↓.

Adj. Guilty: 無辜 innocent, free from guilt.

Words 1. 辜恩 gu-en, v.i., show ingratitude for favors or kindnesses received.
2. 辜負 gu-’fuh, v.t., be ungrateful to (person, his good intentions): 辜負朋友 to fail a friend;
3. 辜負 gu-’fuh, v.t., 辜負父母 fail one’s parents for their solicitude, expectations (also wr. 孤負).

牛 Num. Index: 10.10 niour .

N. (1) (Zoo.) cattle: 牛頭馬面 (chin. myth.) messenger boy of Hell;
牛鬼蛇神 (of things) supernatural, (of a person’s appearance) ugly, (now) bad elements;
牛頭不對馬嘴 (of speech or action) incongruous;
水牛 water buffalo;
黃牛 common yellow cow or ox, also illegal agent for tickets or crossing forbidden territory;
乳牛 milk cow;
母牛 cow.
(2) (Astron.) Sagittarius, one of the twenty-eight Chinese zodiac constellations.
(3) A surname.

Words 1. 牛蒡 niour-bahng, n., (bot.) burdock, Arctiun lappa.
2. 牛扁 niour-biaan, n., (bot.) Aconitum lycoctonum.
3. 牛鼻子 niour-bir-tz, n., (牛鼻子老道) (derog.) formerly old Taoist.
4. 牛脖子 niour-bor-tz, n., person obstinate like cattle.
5. 牛車 niour-che, n., ox cart.
6. 牛氣 niour-’chi, adj., arrogant.
7. 牛刀 niour-dau, n., butcher’s lnife: 割雞焉用牛刀 (lit.) why use a butcher’s chopper to kill a chicken? －making unnecessarily great efforts to do trivial things;
8. 牛刀 niour-dau, n., wasting of talent on trivials;
9. 牛刀 niour-dau, n., 牛刀小試 (fig.) (of person of great potentials) give a little inkling of what one is capable of.
10. 牛痘 niour-douh, n., vaccine against smallpox.
11. 牛頓 Niour-duhn, n., Sir Isaac Newton.
12. 牛犢子 niour-dur-tz, n., a calf.
13. 牛耳 niour-eel, n., the cars of an ox or cow: 執牛耳 (AC) to “hold the cow’s ear” before slaughter for blood sacrifice－an honor reserved for leader during conference of states－hence to be acknowledged leader.
14. 牛黃 niour-huarngl, n., (Chin. med.) bile juice from the body of a diseased ox, congealed, and used for the cure of infant cramps.
15. 牛角 niour-jiaau, n., ox horn.
16. 牛勁 niour-jihn, n., as in (1) 一身牛勁 as strong as an ox;
17. 牛勁 niour-jihn, n., (2) 犯了牛勁 obstinate like an ox.
18. 牛津 niour-jin, n., Oxford.
19. 牛酒 niour-jioou, n., (lit.) beef and wine;
20. 牛酒 niour-jioou, n., (fig.) gifts for soldiers at the front.
21. 牛郎 niour-larng, (1) n., a cowboy;
22. 牛郎 niour-larng, (2) n., one of the Chinese zodiac conatellations: 牛郎織女 the Cowboy and the Spinning Maid, two constellations, the separated lovers in Chinese mythology.
23. 牛酪 niour-luoh, n., cheese, yogurt.
24. 牛馬 niour-maa, (1) n., cattle and horses;
25. 牛馬 niour-maa, (2) v.i., slave for others: 莫為兒孫作牛馬 do not slave for your children.
26. 牛毛 niour-maur, n., (1), ox hair;
27. 牛毛 niour-maur, n., (2) innumerable: 多如牛毛innumerable as ox hair;
28. 牛毛 niour-maur, n., 牛毛細雨 fine drizzling rain.
29. 牛□ niour-marng, n., (zoo.) horsefly, gadfly (also wr. 虻).
30. 牛奶 niour-naai, n., cow’s milk;
31. 牛奶 niour-naai, n., 牛奶糖 butter eandy, toffee.
32. 牛排 niour-pair¹, n., beefsteak.
33. 牛（兒）牌 niour(-’l)pair², n., set of playing cards made of cattle bone (also called 骨牌).
34. 牛扒 niour-par, n., beefsteak.
35. 牛皮 niour-pir, (1) n., ox hide, leather: 牛皮靴 leather boots;
36. 牛皮 niour-pir, 牛皮帶 leather belt;
37. 牛皮 niour-pir, (2) gross exaggeration: 牛皮大王 person given to gross exaggerations: 吹牛皮 to brag;
38. 牛皮 niour-pir, n., 牛皮紙 brown packing paper;
39. 牛皮 niour-pir, n., 牛皮糖 a kind of chewing candy, also one who persists in forcing his attentions on others.
40. 牛肉 niour-rouh, n., beef.
41. 牛乳 niour-ruu, n., cow’s milk, see niour-naai↑.
42. 牛膝 niour-’shi, n., (bot.) hyssop.
43. 牛性 niour-shihng, n., obstinacy.
44. 牛溲 niour-sou, n., in 牛溲馬勃 two lowly plants－worthless trifles.
45. 牛子眼（兒） niour-’tz-yaan (niour-’tz-yaa-’l), n., a tumor-like growth on the eyeball obstructing eyesight.
46. 牛瘟 niour-wen, n., rinderpest.
47. 牛衣 niour-yi, n., cattle blanket.
48. 牛疫 niour-yih, n., cattle plague.
49. 牛飲 niour-yiin, n., unrestrained drinking bout (lit., “drinking like a cow”).
50. 牛蠅 niour-yirng, n., (zoo) gadfly.
51. 牛油 niour-your, n., butter.

□ Num. Index: 10.10 ben . [Var. of 奔 12.20]

犛 Num. Index: 10.10 lir (also maur ).

N. (Zoo.) the yak.

聱 Num. Index: 10.10 aur .

Words 1. 聱牙 aur-yar, phr., (1) in 詰屈聱牙 (of ancient writings) full of characters that are difficult to make out and pronounce, descriptive of foreign sounds, unpronounceable, crotchety writing;
2. 聱牙 aur-yar, phr., (2) twisting (old trunke);
3. 聱牙 aur-yar, phr., rough (experience).

生 Num. Index: 10.11 sheng .

N. (1) Life: 生命 sheng-mihng↓;
生活 sheng-huor↓;
合生取義 sacrifice life for honor;
輕生 risk one’s life;
起死回生 (of good doctors) effect a miraculous cure;
救生圈 lifebelt;
養生 cultivate health.
(2) Lifetime, life span: 一生 whole life;
半生 half one’s life (struggling, etc.);
此生，今生 this present life or incarnation;
來生 future life;
生生世世 generation after generation;
生時 when one was alive;
殘生 the remaining years of one’s life;
偷生 keep alive without serious ambition or purpose;
再生，重生 next incarnation, also rebirth;
永生 eternal life, also 常生。
(3) Living beings : 生靈 sheng-lirng↓;
眾生，□生 all animal kingdom;
畜生 the beasts;
殺生 kill animate beings;
放生 (Budd.) buy fish and turtle and keep them alive in a pond (called 放生池).
(4) A living: 謀生，營生 make a living;
生活，生計，生涯 sheng-huor, sheng-jih², sheng-yar↓.
(5) Student, pupil, scholar: 儒生 Confucian scholar;
書生 a scholar, a pedant: 書生之見 pedantic views;
學生，生徒 student, also apprentice;
先生 teacher, also “Mr.” (placed after surname), also (polite and friendly) after personal name;
生員 sheng-yuarn↓;
門生 formerly, personal student or pupil of a master, also successful candidate vis-�-vis the examiner;
男生，女生 boy, girl student;
小生，晚生 selfreference of student, esp. in letter to teacher;
畢業生 graduate student.
(6) Male actor, opp. 旦 dahn, actress.

V.i. & t. (1) Happen, occur: 生起 sheng-chii↓;
發生 v.i., (s.t.) happens, or v.t., produce (accident).
(2) Produce, give birth to: 出生 be born;
出生年月 date of birth;
生下了男孩 give birth to a boy;
生育，生殖 sheng-yuh, sheng-jyr↓;
生財，生產 sheng-tsair, sheng-chaan↓;
生聚 sheng-jyuh↓;
胎生 viviparous, -ity;
卵生 oviparous, ovipara, -ity, those that produce offspring by eggs;
接生 midwifery.
(3) Create (accident, trouble, etc.): 生事，生出事來 cause trouble;
生花樣 make difficulties;
節外生枝 bring up unnecessary ramifications;
無事生非 make uncalled-for trouble.
(4) Be born (handsome, stupid, etc.), to grow: 生得很漂亮 grow up beautiful;
生得矮 be born short;
生長，生成 sheng-iaang, sheng-cherng↓.

Adj. (1) Raw.uncooked (meat, fruit), not processed (iron, copper, silk, oil, etc.): 生菜 nucooked, fresh vegetable;
生油 sheng-your↓;
unripe: 蘋果生得很 the apple is still quite unriupe;
生地 one’s birthplace, a strange place, a piece of uncultivated land;
生書，生課 a new, yet untaught lesson.
(2) Crude, inexperienced, not smooth, not well learned: 生澀，生硬 sheng-seh², sheng-yihng↓;
生手 sheng-shoou↓.
(3) Strange, unfamiliar: 生人，生客 sheng-rern, sheng-keh¹↓;
面生，陌生 (face) not seen before;
生字 new, unlearned character.
(4) Alive: 生擒 capture alive;
生吞活剝 interpret text, passage crudely without real understanding (“eat it alive”);
生拉硬拽 do arm-twisting, force s.o. to do s.t.

Adv. (1) Keenly in 生恐，生怕 sheng-kuung, sheng-pah↓;
生疼 keenly painful;
活生生 very much alive.
(2) Abruptly, rudely, by force: 生把他拉下來 pull him down by force;
硬生生 abruptly.
(3) Used as adv. ending: 好生走路 walk cardfully;
偏生 unfortunately;
偏生我又不會 unfortunately, I don’t know how;
怎生 how: 不知怎生是好 don’t know what to do (esp. in MC＝怎麼, also wr. 作麼生).

Words 1. 生變 sheng-biahn, v.i., trouble arises (mutiny, etc.).
2. 生病 sheng-bihng, v.i., fall ill.
3. 生產 sheng-chaan, v.i. & t. & n., (1) produce, production: 生產過剩 overproduction;
4. 生產 sheng-chaan, v.i. & t. & n., 生產力 productivity;
5. 生產 sheng-chaan, v.i. & t. & n., 生產率 rate of production;
6. 生產 sheng-chaan, v.i. & t. & n., 生產費 cost of production;
7. 生產 sheng-chaan, v.i. & t. & n., 生產量 volume of production;
8. 生產 sheng-chaan, v.i. & t. & n., (2) give birth to children.
9. 生辰 sheng-chern, n., birthday.
10. 生成 sheng-cherng, adj., born (clever, stubborn, etc.).
11. 生前 sheng-chiarn, adv., while person was living.
12. 生氣 sheng-chih, (1) v.i., to get angry;
13. 生氣 sheng-chih, (2) n., vitality (of vegetation, wrting, also pr. (sheng-’chi).
14. 生起 sheng-chii, v.t., to bring about.
15. 生芻 sheng-chur, n., hay;
16. 生芻 sheng-chur, n., (allu.) offering at grave, funeral gift.
17. 生全 sheng-chyuarn, v. i., return alive, survive.
18. 生趣 sheng-chyuh, n., as in 有生趣 (writing) has lively interest;
19. 生趣 sheng-chyuh, n., full of vitality.
20. 生齒 sheng-chyy, n., population: 生齒過剩 overpopulation.
21. 生動 sheng-duhng, adj., moving: 氣韻生動 (painting) has rhythmic vitality.
22. 生發 sheng-fa, v.i., produce (profit).
23. 生髮油 sheng-faa-your, n., hair oil.
24. 生番 sheng-fan, n., savage, cannibal;
25. 生番 sheng-fan, n., savage tribe.
26. 生分 sheng-’fen, adj., (person) not intimate enough, not well known to one: 不生分 quite familiar with each other.
27. 生根 sheng-gen, v.i., take root (habit, studies).
28. 生花 sheng-hua, phr., 生花之筆，筆生花 gifted pen, a rich style (Li Po dreamed that his “pen grew blossoms”).
29. 生還 sheng-huarn, phr., return alive.
30. 生貨 sheng-huoh, n., raw goods, material.
31. 生火 sheng-huoo, v.i., to light a fire.
32. 生活 sheng-huor, (1) n., life, living, profession: 生活維艱 it is hard making a living;
33. 生活 sheng-huor, n., 做生活 make a living;
34. 生活 sheng-huor, n., 吃生活 (Shanghai dialect) get a beating;
35. 生活 sheng-huor, n., 生活費 living expenses, cost of living;
36. 生活 sheng-huor, n., 生活力 vitality;
37. 生活 sheng-huor, n., 生活素 vitamin (also 維他命);
38. 生活 sheng-huor, (2) v.i., to live: 民非水火不能生活 man cannot live without fire and water.
39. 生虎子 sheng-huu-’tz, n., (sl.) an inexperienced hand.
40. 生長 sheng-jaang, v.i., (1) (plants) grow;
41. 生長 sheng-jaang, v.i., (2) (the young) grow up: 生長得不錯 grow up quite handsome.
42. 生機 sheng-ji, n., spring of vitality, a new lease of life.
43. 生薑 sheng-jiang, n., raw ginger.
44. 生忌 sheng-jih¹, n., birthday of deceased person.
45. 生計 sheng-jih², n., living, means of livelihood, profession.
46. 生就（的） sheng-jiouh(’de), adj., born one way or another (nervous, suspicious, etc.).
47. 生知 sheng-jy, n., (AC) those who are born wise.
48. 生殖 sheng-jyr, (1) v.i., (plants) grow, multiply;
49. 生殖 sheng-jyr, (2) v.i. & n., (men) reproduce, multiply,reproduction;
50. 生殖 sheng-jyr, v.i. & n., 生殖器 seaual organs (male and female).
51. 生聚 sheng-jyuh, v.i., (AC, LL of a nation) grow in population.
52. 生客 sheng-keh¹, n., a stranger.
53. 生䞦 sheng-keh², v.i., mutually accelerate, reinforce, or counteract, neutralize;
54. 生䞦 sheng-keh², v.i., phr. in 五行 (the five movements): 生 accelerate, 䞦 counteract (木生火，火䞦金 “wood” accelerates “fire”, and “fire” is inimical to “metal”).
55. 生口 sheng-koou, n., (1) domestic animals (usu. wr. 牲口);
56. 生口 sheng-koou, n., (2) (AC) war prisoners.
57. 生壙 sheng-kuahng, n., tomb erected by person or for oneself, while living.
58. 生恐 sheng-kuung, v.i., to fear, be afraid, see sheng-pah↓.
59. 生來 sheng-lair, adj., see sheng-jiouh, sheng-cherng↑.
60. 生冷 sheng-leeng, adj., cold (in style, approach);
61. 生冷 sheng-leeng, n., (Chin. med.) cold dishes, cold drinks, fruits.
62. 生臉兒 sheng-liaa’l, n., a stranger.
63. 生憐 sheng-liarn, v.t., to love (child, helpless or small being).
64. 生料 sheng-liauh, n., dry goods;
65. 生料 sheng-liauh, n., 生料廠 timber shop.
66. 生利 sheng-lih, v.i., (capital) bears interest;
67. 生利 sheng-lih, v.i., (business) makes profit.
68. 生力軍 sheng-lih-jyun, n., (mil.) fresh reinforcement.
69. 生理 sheng-lii, n., (1) 生理學 physiology: 生理化學 physiological chemistry;
70. 生理 sheng-lii, n., 生理學家 physiologist;
71. 生理 sheng-lii, n., (2) (dial.) business;
72. 生理 sheng-lii, n., (3) 料無生理 it is feared s.o. will not live.
73. 生靈 sheng-lirng, n., all living things: 生靈塗炭 the people’s life destroyed, all life decimated.
74. 生路 sheng-luh, n., way out: 無生路 no way out or chance of escape;
75. 生路 sheng-luh, n., 另謀生路 find another way of living.
76. 生龍 (活虎) sheng-lurng, phr., 生龍活虎 (of fighter or painting) extremely forceful or vivid.
77. 生煤 sheng-meir, n., unburnt coal.
78. 生命 sheng-mihng, n., life: 生命之保障 protection of life;
79. 生命 sheng-mihng, n., 生命保險 life insurance.
80. 生民 sheng-mirn, n., (LL) the people, mankind: 生民以來 since creation of mankind.
81. 生母 sheng-muu, n., one’s own mother.
82. 生怕 sheng-pah, v.i., to fear, be afraid, lest: 生怕來不及 afraid it is too late;
83. 生命 sheng-mihng, n., 生怕他不答應 afraid that he will not consent.
84. 生平 sheng-pirng, adv. phr., all one’s life;
85. 生平 sheng-pirng, adv. phr., usually: 生平不好酒 usually (one) does not drink or never drinks.
86. 生人 sheng-rern, n., a stranger.
87. 生日 sheng-(’)ryh, n., birthday.
88. 生色 sheng-seh¹, (1) v.i., add color or luster (to gathering), come alive;
89. 生色 sheng-seh¹, (2) adj., distinctive (performance).
90. 生澀 sheng-seh², adj., crude, faulty (knowledge), lacking in fluency (in reading).
91. 生身 sheng-shen, n., as in 生身父母 parents who give you birth;
92. 生身 sheng-shen, n., the (Mongolian) one who has not had smallpox.
93. 生生 sheng-sheng, adv., (1) generation after generation: 生生世世 ditto;
94. 生生 sheng-sheng, adv., (2) well and healthy: 生生憂慮出病來 get sick from sheer worry (for a healthy person);
95. 生生 sheng-sheng, adv., 好生生的怎麼就死了 how could he die so suddenly-he was looking so well? 生生不息 life and growth in nature, continuous reproduction (of plants and animals).
96. 生肖 sheng-shiauh, n., the year of the animal in which one was born: 十二生肖 (the year of the) rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon, snake, horse, lamb, monkey, chicken, dog, pig-corresponding to the duodecimal cycle 子丑寅卯, etc.;
97. 生肖 sheng-shiauh, n., see Appendix A.
98. 生隙 sheng-shih, v.i., cause friction (between people).
99. 生性 sheng-shihng, (1) n., one’s born nature (violent, gentle, etc.);
100. 生性 sheng-shihng, (2) (sheng-’shing) adj., aloof, solitary in nature: 他有點兒生性 he does not get along well with people.
101. 生心 sheng-shin, v.i., (AC) begin to feel disloyal.
102. 生息 sheng-shir, v.i., (1) (money) bear interest;
103. 生息 sheng-shir, v.i., (2) (of animal herds) multiply.
104. 生手（兒） sheng-shoou(’l), n., an inexperienced hand.
105. 生受 sheng-shouh, v.i., (esp. Mc) to suffer: 不好生受 difficult to bear;
106. 生受 sheng-shouh, v.i., (MC) to suffer: 不好生受 difficult to bear;
107. 生受 sheng-shouh, v.i., (MC) 生受你 (=modn. 難為你) thanks for the trouble.
108. 生疏 sheng-shu, adj., (1) (of friends) having less contact, getting more distant;
109. 生疏 sheng-shu, adj., (2) (piano playing, sleight-of-hand, etc.) having not played for a long time, getting rusty.
110. 生水 sheng-shueei, n., unboiled water;
111. 生水 sheng-shueei, n., fresh water.
112. 生事 sheng-shyh, v.i., to cause trouble.
113. 生石灰 sheng-shyr-huei, n., (chem.) calcium oxide.
114. 生死 sheng-syy, phr., life and death: 生死關頭 grave crisis between life and death;
115. 生死 sheng-syy, phr., 生死之交 a friend until death.
116. 生態學 sheng-taih-shyuer, n., ecology, study of environmental influence on living beings.
117. 生鐵 sheng-tiee, n., pig iron, cast iron.
118. 生菜 sheng-tsaih, n., (1) uncooked or fresh vegetable;
119. 生菜 sheng-tsaih, n., (2) lettuce.
120. 生財 sheng-tsair, v.i., to make money.
121. 生存 sheng-tsurn, v.i. & n., survive, survive-al.
122. 生祠 sheng-tsyr, n., temple to one still living.
123. 生疼 sheng-tuhng, (1) adj., very painful;
124. 生疼 sheng-tuhng, (2) v.t., to love dearly.
125. 生徒 sheng-tur, n., disciple;
126. 生徒 sheng-tur, n., pupil of private school;
127. 生徒 sheng-tur, n., apprentice.
128. 生子 sheng-tzyy, v.i., to give birth to a son.
129. 生物 sheng-wuh, n., living creatured or plants;
130. 生物 sheng-wuh, n., 生物學 sheng-wuh-shyuer, biology;
131. 生物 sheng-wuh, n., 生物化學 biochemistry.
132. 生養 sheng-yaang, v.i., (of parents) give birth to and bring up children.
133. 生涯 sheng-yar, n., see sheng-jih²↑.
134. 生業 sheng-yeh, n., business: 不治生業 does not attend to business or hold a job.
135. 生意 sheng-yih, n., (1) prospect of living or survival;
136. 生意 sheng-yih, n., (2) (sheng-yih or sheng-’yi) a business or business deal: 做生意 run a business (shop, etc.);
137. 生意 sheng-yih, n., (sheng-’yi) a crooked deal;
138. 生意 sheng-yih, n., 生意口 sheng-yih-koou, n., words of a petty dealer, not to be trusted;
139. 生意 sheng-yih, n., business man’s ways or know-how;
140. 生意 sheng-yih, n., 生意經 sheng-yih-jing, business sense, business expertise.
141. 生硬 sheng-yihng, adj., not smooth, not polished, crude (writing), rigid, stern, stiff.
142. 生油 sheng-your, n., (1) peanut oil;
143. 生油 sheng-your, n., (2) unrefined oil.
144. 生員 sheng-yuarn, n., formerly, students.
145. 生育 sheng-yuh, v.t. & n., give birth to and raise (children);
146. 生育 sheng-yuh, v.t. & n., growth (of population);
147. 生育 sheng-yuh, v.t. & n., 生育能力 fertility.

埜 Num. Index: 10.11 yee . [Arch. of 野 41S.00]

塹 Num. Index: 10.11 chiahn .

N. A trench, moat: 天塹 natural terrain for defense.

Words 1. 塹壕 chiahn-haur, n., city moats;
2. 塹壕 chiahn-haur, n., trench.

釐 Num. Index: 10.11 lir (*shi ).

N. (1) One thousandth of a Chinese 尺 foot.
(2) One hundredth of a 畝 mow.
(3) One thousandth of a 兩 liang or tael;
see Appendix C.
(4) (Rate of interest) one tenth of one per cent: 月息四釐 a monthly interest of 0.4 per cent;
年息四釐 an annual interest of four per cent.
(5) Short for 釐金：釐金，釐捐，釐卡 lir-jin, lir-jyuan, lir-chiaa↓.
(6) (Interch. 禧 *shi) happiness: 恭祝新釐 a Happy New Year!

V.t. To regulate, rectify: 允釐百工 (AC) regulate the different offices;
釐定，釐正 lir-dihng, lir-jehng↓.

Words 1. 釐卡 lir-chiaa, n., see lir-jin↓.
2. 釐定 lir-dihng, v.t., to work out or draw up (rules, regulations, etc.), also 釐訂.
3. 釐革 lir-ger, v.t., to reform, readjust (old practices, rules, etc.).
4. 釐正 lir-jehng, v.t., to correct, amend, edit (texts, drafts, etc.).
5. 釐金 lir-jin, n., an internal tax on the transit of goods (formerly, spelled“likin”).
6. 釐捐 lir-jyuan, n., (＝釐金 lir-jin↑).
7. 釐剔 lir-tih, v.t., to strike out, expunge (anything superfluous).

卉 Num. Index: 10.20 hueih .

N. 花卉 flowers and grass, plants in gen. flora (in painting).

Adj. Plentiful.

齧 Num. Index: 10.21

N. (AC) a dent in a sword.

V.t. (1) Bite: 齧臂 bite one’s arm, as a pledge;
(of a man and a woman) as a pledge of love.
(2) Erode, as water erodes a bank.

靠 Num. Index: 10.22 kauh .

V.i. & t. (1) To rely on: 倚靠，依靠 to depend on (s.o.);
無依無靠 no one to support for living, quite alone;
靠天吃飯 without visible means of support;
靠此為生 depend on this for a living;
靠自己 depend on oneself;
靠別人 depend on others;
可靠 dependable;
不可靠 not dependable;
see 靠得住，靠不住 kauh-der-juh, kauh-bur-juh↓.
(2) To lean on: 靠幵 leaning on;
靠在一起 huddle together.

Prep. Near, along, toward, by: 靠近 kauh-jihn↓;
靠岸 alongshore;
靠牆 toward or by the wall;
靠海 (city) on the coast;
靠邊兒走 walk on the side (not in the middle);
靠右邊走 walk on the right;
背靠背 (sleeping, sitting) back to back;
靠山吃山，靠水吃水 on the mountain one lives by mountain products, near the water one lives by the sea or river.

Words 1. 靠背 kauh-beih, n., back of chair;
2. 靠背 kauh-beih, n., (Chin. opera) armor;
3. 靠背 kauh-beih, n., 靠背老生 (opera) military officer in armor.
4. 靠不住 kauh-bur-juh, adj., undependable.
5. 靠常兒 kauh-charng-’l,, adj., (coll.) long lasting, wearing well.
6. 靠旗 kauh-chir, n., (Chin. opera) pennant on back of military officer.
7. 靠得住 kauh-der-juh, adj., dependable.
8. 靠枕 kauh-jeen, n., hard cushion used as arm rest on couch.
9. 靠近 kauh-jihn, adj. & prep., near: 靠近那邊 near that side.
10. 靠賴 kauh-laih, v.t., depend on (s.o.).

Num. Index: 靠攏

Num. Index: 靠攏

Words 1. 靠山（兒） kauh-shan (kauh-sha-’l), n., person for political or financial backing.
2. 靠手 kauh-shoou, n., arm rest.
3. 靠子 kauh-’tz, n., hard cushion for arm or back support: 車靠子 (in cart).
4. 靠托 kauh-tuo, v.t., depend on (s.o. to do s.t.).
5. 靠椅 kauh-yii, n., easy chair;
6. 靠椅 kauh-yii, n., lounge chair.

鼒 Num. Index: 10.22 tzy .

N. (AC) a tripod tapering off towards the top.

□ Num. Index: 10.30 shyh . [Pop. of 世 22.21]

直 Num. Index: 10.30 jyr . [Usu. wr. 直]

V.t. To straighten up or out: 直其冤 to redress a wrong done to s.o.;
直直腰兒 stretch (body) a bit.

Adj. (1) Erect, vertical, straight, not crooked: 垂直 perpendicular, hang straight;
直上 straight up;
直上直下 perpendicular;
伸直腿 stretch legs straight;
直挺挺，直蹶蹶 straight and stiff (in erect or prostrate position);
直勾勾，直瞪瞪 stare bluntly, scared stiff;
筆直 very straight;
曲直 the right and wrong of parties in quarrel.
(2) Straight and honest: 正直 fair and honest;
忠直 loyal;
直道 jyr-dauh²↓.
(3) Straight forward: 直脾氣 straight temper: 直性 jyr-shihng↓;
剛直 honorable, inflexible, incorruptible;
直心眼兒 forthright (person);
直漢 an honest fellow;
坦直，率直 frank, candid, straight forward (confession, admission);
說直話 give a straight talk;
直爽 jyr-shuaang↓.
(4) On duty: 直日 (=值日) day on duty.

Adv. (1) Straight, directly: 直達 go straight or directly;
直視 look straight;
秉筆直畫 write the truth without fear or favor;
直言，直說 talk straight;
直打直 in a straight manner;
直前，直向前往 go straightforward;
直陳 to present (facts) straight.
(2) Continuously: 一直走 go without stop;
一直說 (or 哭) 下去 talk (or cry) on and on;
直去直來 go and come back without stopover;
直等一個人 keep waiting (without stop) for a person;
直到 (conj.) until: 直到日入 until sundown;
直到今日 until today.
(3) Just, only indeed: 直是 be indeed, be just (a shadow, a phantasy, a joke, etc.);
直須 need only to (ask him direct, etc.);
直不百步耳 (孟子) (of a retreating army retreating fifty paces) only difference is that it did not retreat a hundred paces.

Words 1. 直筆 jyr-bii, phr., record historical events without fear or favor.
2. 直腸 jyr-charng, n., the rectum.
3. 直臣 jyr-chern, n., an outspoken minister.
4. 直到 jyr-dauh¹, prep. & conj., until.
5. 直道 jyr-dauh², adj. & n., honest, straight dealing, the straight and narrow path.
6. 直點兒 jyr-diaa-’l, adv., (apologize, etc.) continuously, repeatedly without stop.
7. 直裰 jyr-duor, n., (of jacket or ancient robe) open with line of buttons straight down the center.
8. 直根 jyr-gen, n., (bot.) axial root.
9. 直觀 jyr-guan, n., intuition, intuitive perception, see jyr-jyuer↓.
10. 直躬 jyr-gung, phr., (LL) see jyr-dauh²↑.
11. 直棍兒 jyr-guoh-’l, n., (pop.) an honest fellow.
12. 直講 jyr-jiaang, n., formerly, a lecturer at government college (國子監).
13. 直角 jyr-jiaau, n., (math.) right angle;
14. 直角 jyr-jiaau, n., 直角柱 right prism;
15. 直角 jyr-jiaau, n., 直角錐 right pyramid;
16. 直角 jyr-jiaau, n., 直角體 a cuboid;
17. 直角 jyr-jiaau, n., 直角三角形 rightangled triangle.
18. 直諫 jyr-jiahn, phr., to advise or admonish emperor at risk of latter’s wrath.
19. 直接 jyr-jier¹, adj. & adv., direct, direct-ly;
20. 直接 jyr-jier¹, adj. & adv., 直接民權 rights of referendum and recall;
21. 直接 jyr-jier¹, adj. & adv., 直接教授法 direct method of teaching modern language.
22. 直捷 jyr-jier², adj. direct (communication, line): 直捷 (or 直截) 了當 phr., simple and direct (opp. beating about the bush).
23. 直徑 jyr-jihng, n., (math.) diameter.
24. 直己 jyr-jii, phr., see jyr-dauh/i>²↑.
25. 直致 jyr-jyh, (1) adj., straight, without wavering;
26. 直致 jyr-jyh, (2) adv., until, so that.
27. 直覺 jyr-jyuer, n., intuition.
28. 直諒 jyr-liahng, adj., (AC) right and honorable (persons).
29. 直隸 jyr-lih, n., formerly, name for Hopei Province.
30. 直溜 jyr-’liou, adj., very smooth and straight.
31. 直流 jyr-liour, n., (phys.) direct current.
32. 直脈 jyr-moh, (1) adj., (bot.) straight-veined;
33. 直脈 jyr-moh, (2) n., direct line of descent, see jyr-shih↑.
34. 直聲 jyr-sheng, (1) n., reputation for honesty;
35. 直聲 jyr-sheng, (2) phr., (cry) aloud.
36. 直升機 jyr-sheng-ji, n., helicopter (or 直昇).
37. 直線 jyr-shiahn, n., (math.) straight line, or right line.
38. 直轄 jyr-shiar, adj., under direct jurisdiction of central government.
39. 直系 jyr-shih, n., direct line (relatives).
40. 直性（兒）（子） jyr-shihng(’l)(tz), adj., forthright (character).
41. 直受兒 jyr-shouh-’l, phr., to receive gifts without giving in return.
42. 直爽 jyr-shuaang, adj., outspoken, straightforward, forthright.
43. 直率 jyr-shuaih, adj., ditto.
44. 直譯 jyr-yih, v.t. & n., (to render) literal translation.
45. 直□ jyr-yuh, n., simile.

矗 Num. Index: 10.30 chuh .

Adj. & adv. Perpendicular: 矗立 stand erect;
直矗矗 very straight, straight up.

查 Num. Index: 10.30 char (*ja ).

N. (*ja) A surname.

V.t. (1) To investigate, audit, check, find out, inspect: 檢查 to inspect (luggage), have physical checkup;
調查 to investigate;
盤查 investigate thoroughly, crossexamine;
清查 examine accounts;
查收 (in letter) please receive;
查照 char-jauh↓;
查看，查察 look into;
明查暗訪 investigate (crime);
查班 inspect class;
查賬 char-jahng↓;
查字典 look up dictionary;
查對無訛 formula for okaying accounts;
查戶口 check residents;
take census.
(2) In opening paragraph relating findings: have gone into the matter and found that.

Words 1. 查辦 char-bahn, v.i., to investigate and prosecute (case, person).
2. 查抄 char-chau, v.t., to confiscate (property; lit., “take inventory”).
3. 查點 char-diaan, v.t., check (inventory) item by item.
4. 查封 char-feng, v.t., to confiscate and seal up (property, goods).
5. 查核 char-her, v.t., to examine (accounts).
6. 查賬 char-jahng, v.i., examine accounts.
7. 查照 char-jauh, v.i., (in official communications among equals) am submitting for your attention: 查照辦理 please consider and act accordingly.
8. 查禁 char-jihn, v.i., search for violations of ban (smuggled goods, etc.).
9. 查究 char-jiouh, v.i., to investigate, follow up (a case): 查究辦理 investigate and act accordingly;
10. 查究 char-jiouh, v.i., 查究原因 find out the cause.
11. 查考 char-kaau, v.t., look up for reference, data.
12. 查勘 char-kahn, v.t., to investigate on the spot.
13. 查明 char-mirng, v.t., to find out: 查明真相 find out the true facts.
14. 查哨 char-shauh, v.t., search passengers at sentry point.
15. 查驗 char-yahn, v.t., to check up (physical conditions);
16. 查驗 char-yahn, v.t., inspect, (goods).
17. 查閱 char-yueh, v.t., read (report, correspondence).

彗 Num. Index: 10.30 hueih .

N. (1) A broomstick.
(2) 彗星 a comet.

整 Num. Index: 10.30 jeeng .

V.t. To put to order;
to adjust: 整理，整頓 jeeng-lii, jeeng-duhn↓;
整衣冠 to adjust hat and dress;
整裝就道 dress up and prepare for journey (also 整旆);
整裝待命 ready to move at short notice in full array;
整好 put in good shape;
別把他整壞了 don’t spoil it, trying to fix it;
整隊，整旅 put army unit in good shape;
also the whole unit, see Adj.2↓;
to discipline, see 整肅 jeeng-shuh²↓.

Adj. (1) Neat, tidy, orderly: 整齊，整潔 jeeng-’chir, jeeng-jier↓;
齊整 tidy.
(2) Whole, not divided: 完整 intact;
整個兒，整數 jeeng-geh-’l, jeeng-shuh¹↓;
整日整夜 whole day and night;
整夜不眠 did not sleep the whole night;
整塊給他 give him the whole piece;
整句唸出來 read the whole sentence;
說不出一句整話 cannot say a complete sentence;
整院子都聽見你叫了 the whole courtyard heard your scream.

Words 1. 整編 jeeng-bian, v.t., to reorganize (army).
2. 整齊 jeeng-’chir, adj., tidy, trderly, well-arranged (group or row), forming a complete set.
3. 整飭 jeeng-chyh, adj., clean and orderly, sharply disciplined (conduct): 軍容整飭 in fine battle array.
4. 整頓 jeeng-duhn, v.t., to put to order, to restore to good shape: 整頓學風 restore good order among the students.
5. 整風 jeeng-feng, v.t., (in Communist China) to rectify atmosphere of schools, party, etc.
6. 整個兒 jeeng-geh-’l, adv., the whole piece or lot;
7. 整個兒 jeeng-geh-’l, adv., completely (fail, destroyed, etc.).
8. 整整 jerng-jeeng, (1) adv., exactly: 整整一百元 exactly $100;
9. 整整 jerng-jeeng, (2) adj., as in 整整齊齊 very neat and orderly, see jeeng-’chir↓.
10. 整潔 jeeng-jier, adj., clean and neat.
11. 整莊 jeeng-’juang, n., the whole amount.
12. 整治 (1) jeeng-jyh, v.t., see jeeng-lii↓;
13. 整治 jeeng-jyh, v.t., (2) (’jy), to prepare (food), mend (clothing);
14. 整治 jeeng-jyh, v.t., (3) to teach a lesson, punish: 我總得整治他.
15. 整兒 jeeng-’l, n., round number.
16. 整臉子 jeeng-liaan-tz, n., person habitually wearing a severe countenance.
17. 整理 jeeng-lii, v.t., to put to order (accounts), tidy up (room, appearance), shape up, revise (material for book).
18. 整容 jeeng-rurng, v.i., to dress up, esp. to shave.
19. 整日 jeeng-ryh, adv., the whole day;
20. 整日 jeeng-ryh, adv., 整日價 ditto.
21. 整天 jeeng-tian, adv., the whole day: 一整天.
22. 整形 jeeng-shirng, n., orthopedics: 整形手術 plastic surgery.
23. 整數 jeeng-shuh¹, n., a whole number, integral.
24. 整肅 jeeng-shuh², v.t., (in communist China) to purge;
25. 整肅 jeeng-shuh², v.t., also shortened to 整: 整他一下 to discipline him.
26. 整體 jeeng-tii, n., the whole;
27. 整體 jeeng-tii, n., 整體化 integrate, integration.

□ Num. Index: 10.30 guu .

N. A pot:（沙）□子 an earthen pot (related 鍋子 guo-tz).

鏊 Num. Index: 10.30 aur .

N. (AC) a flat iron plate for making cakes.

鏨 Num. Index: 10.30 tzahn .

N. A small chisel;
engraving tool.

V.t. Engrave, carve: 鏨花 carve flowers;
鏨字 engrave characters.

Words 1. 鏨刀 tzahn-dau, n., a graving knife.
2. 鏨子 tzahn-’tz, n., (1) a small chisel;
3. 鏨子 tzahn-’tz, n., (2) a graving tool.
4. 鏨菜 tzahn-tsaih, n., (bot.) leomurus macranthrs.

麥 Num. Index: 10.32 maih . (sp. pr.); moh (re. pr.).

N. (1) Wheat, (oft. maih-tz): 大麥 barley;
小麥 wheat;
油麥，燕麥 oats;
蕎麥，烏麥 buckwheat.
(2) A surname.

Words 1. 麥餅 maih-biing, n., wheaten cake.
2. 麥碴兒 maih-char-’l, n., potato grown on wheat field after wheat crop.
3. 麥㪫 maih-charng, n., thrashing floor for wheat.
4. 麥秋 maih-chiou, n., wheat harvest in 4th or 5th lunar month.
5. 麥冬 maih-dung, n., see maih-mern-dung↓.
6. 麥蛾 maih-er, n., a moth that feeds on wheat, Gelechia cerealella.
7. 麥麩子 maih-fur-tz, n., chaff, bran.
8. 麥糊 maih-hur, n., oatmeal.
9. 麥角（菌） maih-jiaau(jyuhn), n., ergot, a wheat disease, caused by Claviceps purpurea, a fungus.
10. 麥酒 maih-jioou, n., beer (usu. 啤酒 maih-pur.
11. 麥克風 maih-keh-feng, n., (translit.) microphone.
12. 麥浪 maih-lahng, n., waves of billowing wheat field carsrd by breeze.
13. 麥芒 maih-marng, n., the awn (bristly fibers) of wheat, or prickly wheat sheaf.
14. 麥門東 maih-mern-dung, n., (bot.) a plant of leek family, Liriope graminfolia, much used as herb medicine.
15. 麥苗 maih-miaur, n., wheat seedling.
16. 麥片 maih-piahn, n., oatmeal.
17. 麥信風 maih-shihn-feng, n., the northeast wind in 5th lunar month.
18. 麥穗兒 maih-sueh’l, n., (1) ears of wheat;
19. 麥穗兒 maih-sueh’l, n., (2) lambskin with long hair resembling ears of grain.
20. 麥子 maih-tz, n., wheat or barley.
21. 麥牙糖 maih-yar-tarng, n., malt sugar.

□ Num. Index: 10.32 mehng . [Abbr. of 夢 20A.23-4]

古 Num. Index: 10.40 guu .

N. (1) Time long past: 遠古 time immemorial;
上古 (史)，中古 (史) ancient, medieval times (history);
古往今來 from ancient to modern times.
(2) Ancient artifacts, relics of the past: 考古 to study ancient relics;
考古學 (家) archeology, archeologist.
(3) A particular style of painting or pottery of the past: 仿古 in the style of an ancient master or period;
法古 (painting) imitate an ancient master;
(of political or social institutions) follow an ancient practice.
(4) The ancient people: 疑古 to doubt the ancients;
思古，懷古 nostalgia, thinking of the past;
作古 (of person) passed away, died (joined the ancients).
(5) A surname.

Adj. (1) Old, ancient, classic, oldfashioned: 古代 guu-daih, 古人 guu-rern, 古物 guu-wuh↓;
古錢，古畫，古籍 ancient coins, paintings, books;
古裝 old-fashioned binding or dress;
古妝 in ancient costume;
古語，古諺 an old saying, proverb;
古井無波 (usu. of women) have no more sexual desire, (lit., “not a ripple in an ancient well”);
古色古香 (of ancient objects of art) having antique flavor;
古雅 guu-yaa↓;
古法 time-honored methods.
(2) (Of persons or things) different from the gen. accepted norm: 古怪 guu-’guaih, 古板 guu-baan↓.

Words 1. 古板 guu-baan, adj., (1) ultraconservative, aingle-track-minded;
2. 古板 guu-baan, adj., unavvommodating;
3. 古板 guu-baan, adj., (2) oldfashioned, out-of -date.
4. 古剎 guu-chah, n., an ancient temple.
5. 古代 guu-daih, n., ancient times.
6. 古道 guu-dauh, (1) adj., kind, considerate, generous (lit., “acting like a gentleman of old”): 古道熱腸 considerate and warmhearted;
7. 古道 guu-dauh, (2) n., ancient rules and methods;
8. 古道 guu-dauh, (3) n., ancient road.
9. 古典 guu-diaan, n., & adj., classic, classical: 古典主義 classicism;
10. 古典 guu-diaan, n., & adj., 古典派 classicist;
11. 古典 guu-diaan, n., & adj., 古典音樂 classical music.
12. 古董（兒） guu-duung(’l), n., curios, antiques (also wr. 骨董).
13. 古方 guu-fang, n., (1) an ancient medical recipe;
14. 古方 guu-fang, n., (2) old methods or ways of doing things.
15. 古風 guu-feng, n., (1) ancient manners, customs and habits;
16. 古風 guu-feng, n., (2) ancient style poetry.
17. 古怪 guu-’guaih, adj., peculiar, eccentric,exotic: 希奇古怪 strange and eccentric.
18. 古跡 guu-ji, n., historic monunents, sites.
19. 古記兒 guu-jieh-’l, n., ancient events or incidents: 聽古記兒 listen to a storyteller telling old stories.
20. 古今 guu-jin, n., ancient and modern times.
21. 古老 guu-laau, adj., old-fashioned, outmoded.
22. 古來 guu-lair, adv., since ancient times.
23. 古樸 gur-puu, adj., (of manners) simple and plain, uncontaminated by modern fads.
24. 古人 guu-rern, n., (1) the ancients;
25. 古人 guu-rern, n., (2) a person who has passed away.
26. 古稀 guu-shi, adj., seventy years old: 古稀老人 an old man aged three score and ten;
27. 古稀 guu-shi, adj., 年近古稀 approaching seventy in age.
28. 古昔 guu-shir, adj., of old, in times gone by.
29. 古學 guu-shyeur, n., ancient learning, knowledge of the classic.
30. 古時 guu-shyr, n., ancient times.
31. 古訓 guu-shyuhn, n., (1) ancient maxims or precepts;
32. 古訓 guu-shyuhn, n., (2) ancient meanings of words.
33. 古銅 guu-turng, n., (1) ancient bronze works;
34. 古銅 guu-turng, n., (2) the color of ancient bronzes.
35. 古玩 guu-waan, n., curios.
36. 古文 guu-wern, n., (1) archaic script of Jou period;
37. 古文 guu-wern, n., (2) 古文學派 a school of Confucian classicists believing in the authenticity of parts of classics doubted by 今文派;
38. 古文 guu-wern, n., (3) the classic style of writing.
39. 古物 guu-wuh, n., (1) ancient relics;
40. 古物 guu-wuh, n., (2) ancient objects of art.
41. 古雅 guu-yaa, adj., with a classic touch and in the best taste.

杏 Num. Index: 10.40 shihng .

N. Apricot: 杏仁 almond, see shihng-rern↓.

Words 1. 杏脯 shihng-fuu, n., preserved apricot.
2. 杏乾兒 shihng-ga-’l, n., dried apricot.
3. 杏花 shihng-hua, n., apricot flower;
4. 杏花 shihng-hua, n., 杏花村 oft. used to describe a spring rustic scene.
5. 杏黃 shihng-huarng, adj., apricot yellow.
6. 杏臉 shihng-liaan, n., oval face of girl or woman.
7. 杏林 shihng-lirn, n., (allu., rare) medical doctor.
8. 杏仁 shihng-rern, n., almond;
9. 杏仁 shihng-rern, n., 杏仁兒茶 almond cream;
10. 杏仁 shihng-rern, n., 杏仁兒粉 almond powder;
11. 杏仁 shihng-rern, n., 杏仁精 almond essence;
12. 杏仁 shihng-rern, n., 杏仁水 almond drink.
13. 杏壇 shihng-tarn, n., school platform, the teaching rostrum;
14. 杏壇 shihng-tarn, n., orig.the apricot grove where Confucius taught.
15. 杏眼 shihng-yaan, n., woman’s apricot-like eyes.
16. 杏靨 shihng-yeh, n., a woman’s oval face;
17. 杏靨 shihng-yeh, n., see shihng-liaan↓.

告 Num. Index: 10.40 gauh (*guh ).

N. A declaration, announcement: 文告 statement by ruler or superior;
通告 public notice;
廣告 advertisement;
告白 gauh-bair↓.

V.t. (1) Tell, inform, announce: (LL) 告我, (vern.) 告訴我 tell me;
報告 v.i. & n., (to, a) report to a superior;
告密 give secret information against s.o., see 告密 gauh-mih↓.
(2) Oft. used in the sense of “be”or “reported to be”in certain phrr.: 告罄 be exhausted: 存貨告罄 all our stock has been exhausted;
告乏 be tired or exhausted;
告捷 gauh-jier²↓;
告終，告成，告竣 be completed, see gauh-jung, gauh-cherng, gauh-jyuhe↓.
(3) Sue, accuse: 告訴 gauh-suh↓;
告發 gauh-fa↓;
告他一狀 file a suit against him;
原告 the plaintiff;
被告 the defendant.
(4) Ask for: 告老 gauh-laau↓;
告假 gauh-jiah↓;
告退 gauh-tueih↓;
告病 ask for sick leave, be sick;
告貸 gauh-daih↓;
告幫 gauh-bang↓;
告饒 ask for pardon;
自告奮勇 offer one’s free services.
(5) (*guh) In 忠告 tell a.o. honestly what one thinks (also gauh-);
告朔 (AC) ancient sacrifice at ancestral temple.

Words 1. 告白 gauh-bair, n., a public notice.
2. 告幫 gauh-bang, v.i., ask for financial assistance.
3. 告窆 gauh-biaan, n., an obituary notice.
4. 告便（兒） gauh-biahn (gauh-biah-’l), v.i., (1) bid bood-bye to friends for a short leave of absence;
5. 告便（兒） gauh-biahn (gauh-biah-’l), v.i., (2) go to the toilet.
6. 告別 gauh-bier, v.i., take leave.
7. 告稟 gauh-biing, v.i., to file a petition, to request from superior.
8. 告成 gauh-cherng, v.t., announce the completion of s.t. important: 大功告成 the great task has been (reported) completed.
9. 告貸 gauh-daih, v.i., make a request for a loan, borrow money: 告貸無門 nowhere to borrow money.
10. 告發 gauh-fa, v.t., formally inform court of a crime committed, lodge complaint.
11. 告假 gauh-jiah, v.i., asd for leave of absence.
12. 告誡 gauh-jieh, v.t., warn, enjoin, admonish.
13. 告訐 gauh-jier¹, v.i., inform against s.o.
14. 告捷 gauh-jier², v.i. & t., announce victory, be victorious.
15. 告警 gauh-jiing, v.i., to sound an alarm, give report of danger.
16. 告急 gauh-jir, v.i., make an emergercy request for help.
17. 告狀 gauh-juahng, v.t. & n., to sue at court;
18. 告狀 gauh-juahng, v.t. & n., text of formal complaint.
19. 告終 gauh-jung, v.i., be completed.
20. 告知 gauh-jy, v.i. & t., tell, inform, notify.
21. 告竣 gauh-jyuhn, see gauh-jung↑.
22. 告老 gauh-laau, v.i., retire from age.
23. 告密 gauh-mih, v.i., give secret information against s.o.
24. 告擾 gauh-raau, v.i., to thank one’s host for his hospitality, a phr. used on taking leave: 告擾了.
25. 告示 gauh-’shy, n., a public announcement.
26. 告訴 gauh-suh, v.t., (1) (law) bring a suit against s.o.: 告訴乃論 a case will be taken cognizance of by the court only if s.o. files a suit;
27. 告訴 gauh-suh, v.t., (2) (gauh-’su) tell, inform: 我告訴你 I tell you;
28. 告訴 gauh-suh, v.t., 不能告訴你 I can’t tell you.
29. 告辭 gauh-tsyr, v.i., bid good-bye, take leave.
30. 告退 gauh-tueih, v.i., ask to be excused from meeting;
31. 告退 gauh-tueih, v.i., resign from office.
32. 告罪 gauh-tzueih, v.i., (court.) please excuse me for any unintentional offense;
33. 告罪 gauh-tzueih, v.i., 告無罪 can say I have a clear conscience, have done my best.

哲 Num. Index: 10.40 jer .

N. (1) Wisdom: 哲學，哲理 jer-shyuer, jer-lii↓.
(2) Sage, wise man: 聖哲 the sages.

Adj. Wise: 明哲 discreet;
明哲保身 keep out of harm by discretion.

Words 1. 哲理 jer-lii, n., philosophy, philosophical principle.
2. 哲人 jer-rern, n., a wise man, the sage master.
3. 哲學 jer-shyuer, n., philosophy;
4. 哲學 jer-shyuer, n., 哲學家 philosopher.
5. 哲嗣 jer-syh, n., (court.) your son.

誓 Num. Index: 10.40 shyh .

N. An oath, a pledge: 誓願，誓言，誓約 shyh-yuahn, shyh-yarn, shyh-yue↓;
宣誓 take oath in public;
立誓，起誓，發誓 take an oath;
背誓，違誓 break one’s pledge.

V.i. & t. To swear: 誓不兩立 swear that one of the two must be destroyed;
誓不甘休 swear to fight to the finish;
誓死不屈 swear to die rather than submit;
誓必 swear to.

Words 1. 誓詞 shyh-tsyr, n., text of oath.
2. 誓言 shyh-yarn, n., a pledge.
3. 誓願 shyh-yuahn, v.i., to swear before God;
4. 誓願 shyh-yuahn, n., a pledge.
5. 誓約 shyh-yue, v.i. & n., (to make) a pledge (of alliance, marriage, etc.).

謷 Num. Index: 10.40 aur .

V.t. To deride, clamor: 謷謷.

Adj. (AC) magnificent: 謷乎大哉.

砉 Num. Index: 10.40 huoh .

Adj. (AC) sound of crashing.

礬 Num. Index: 10.40 farn .

N. Alum: 明礬，白礬 alum;
皂礬，青礬 copperas, ferrous sulphate.

Words 1. 礬紙 farn-jyy, n., sized paper (for painting).
2. 礬石 farn-shyr, n., (min.) alum shale.
3. 礬土 farn-tuu, n., (min.) alumina.

杳 Num. Index: 10.41 yaau (also miaau ).

Adj. (1) Deeply hidden: 杳冥，杳遠yaau-mirng, yaau-yuaan↓.
(2) Dark, silent: 杳然 yaau-rarn↓;
(3) 杳無音信 completely not heard from;
杳杳無捬 left without a trace;
杳如黃鶴 (LL) gone like the yellow stork.

Words 1. 杳冥 yaau-mirng, adj., dark and fathomless.
2. 杳然 yaau-rarn, adj., without any sound.
3. 杳遠 yaau-yuaan, adj., far distant.

□ Num. Index: 10.41 chun . [Anc. var. of 春 12.41]

□ Num. Index: 10.41 shi .

Adj. (1) Clear (＝晰 41A.22).
(2) White (u.f. 皙).

暫 Num. Index: 10.41 jahn (re, pr. tzahn ). [Related 漸 63A. 22]

Adj. & adv. (1) Temporary, for the time being: 暫且，暫時 jahn-chiee, jahn-shyr↓;
暫定 temporarily decide(d);
暫住 stop at place for a while;
暫用，暫借 use, borrow, for a short period;
暫緩 postpone for the moment;
暫不施行 hold up measure for the present.
(2) (AC) suddenly: 暫面 suddenly see one’s face.

Words 1. 暫且 jahn-chiee, adv., for the time being.
2. 暫時 jahn-shyr, adv., ditto.

□ Num. Index: 10.41 tsaur . [Form of callig. of 曹 20.41]

皙 Num. Index: 10.41 shi . [Var. □]

Adj. (1) (Of human skin) white: 白皙，白皙皙 very white.
(2) Clear (var. of 晰 41A.22)

眚 Num. Index: 10.41 sheeng .

N. (AC) (1) (med.) eye cataract.
(2) Unfortunate mistakes: 除眚 eliminate errors, malpractices;
眚災 (AC) calamities.

嗇 Num. Index: 10.41 seh .

Adj. Miserly, stingy: 吝嗇 ditto.

甫 Num. Index: 10.42 fuu .

N. (1) A man’s courtesy name 字: 台甫 (court.) your personal name.
(2) (Court.) 尊甫 your father ＝父.

Adv. (LL) Just: 甫至，甫畢 just arrived, just closed (meeting);
甫能 be just able to;
甫識 just begin to know.

青 Num. Index: 10.42 ching .

N. (1) (LL) bamboo strip, formerly used for writing: 青□ such bamboo strip;
青史 ching-shyy↓;
殺青 completion of a book or film production;
汗青 prepared bamboo strip for writing (“sweated bamboo,” i.e., heated bamboo to drive out moistrue, also called 汗□).
(2) Green pastures: 青兒 ching-’l↓.

Adj. (1) Green, greenish, sometimes blue;
cf. 青錄，青翠 ching-lyuh, ching-tsueih↓;
青虛虛 very green;
青山綠水 green hills and blue waters;
青天 the blue sky;
臉色發青 sallow, greenish complexion;
青腫 bluish swelling on skin;
青出於藍而勝於藍 pupil excels teacher (“green comes from blue but excels blue”);
不管青紅皂白 phr., irrespective of right or wrong in dispute (“green, red, black or white”).
(2) Not ripe: 青梅，青杏 green prune, apricot;
橘子還青呢 the orange is not ripe yet;
青黃不接 food shortage between two harvests, gap between generations or any gap in succession.
(3) Young: 年青 (of person) young, immature;
他很年青 he is very young;
青春，青年 ching-chun, ching-niarn↓.
(4) Black, dark, greyish: 青牛，青狐 black ox, black fox;
青驪，青馬 grey horse;
藏青 dark, heavy blue;
石青 dark green;
佛青 purplish black;
青素 black and white (clothing);
青絲 black hair.
(5) Gracious: 青眼 (the black of eye) sympathetic look, dist. 白眼 (white of eye) look of disdain;
青覽，青鑒，青及 (in letters) for your gracious perusal;
青眼，青睞 ching-yaan, ching-laih↓;
垂青 show favor to (person), kindly look or consideration.

Words 1. 青錢 ching-chiarn, n., coins of copper or copper alloys.
2. 青青 ching-ching, adj., green (grass).
3. 青春 ching-chun, adj. & n., (1) young, period of youth: 青春時代 years of one’s youth;
4. 青春 ching-chun, adj. & n., 青春期 puberty;
5. 青春 ching-chun, adj. & n., (2) age (in asking of a youth): 你青春幾何 how young (i.e., old) are you?
6. 青蟲 ching-churng, n., a caterpillar.
7. 青雀 ching-chyueh, n., a small singing bird, Eophona personata.
8. 青黛 ching-daih, n., a Chinese medicine made from scum on indigo, for external use.
9. 青燈 ching-deng, n., an oil lamp, esp. in temple.
10. 青豆 ching-douh, n., green beans in gen.
11. 青蛾 ching-er, n., moth;
12. 青蛾 ching-er, n., (LL) (fig.) eyebrow (resembling moth’s feelers).
13. 青礬 ching-farn, n., ferrous sulphate.
14. 青蜂 ching-feng, n., a kind of wasp, Stilbum amethyslinum.
15. 青蚨 ching-fur, n., (LL) money, cash.
16. 青蛤 ching-ger, n., a kind of edible clam (＝蛤蜊).
17. 青光眼 ching-guang-yaan, n., (Chin. med.) glaucoma (cf. ching-marng↓).
18. 青宮 ching-gung, n., (LL) residence of crown prince.
19. 青果 ching-guoo, n., (1) the olive;
20. 青果 ching-guoo, n., (2) fresh fruit;
21. 青果 ching-guoo, n., 青果公會 fruitdealers’ association.
22. 青蒿 ching-hau, n., (bot.) Artemisia apiacea.
23. 青花 ching-hua, n., (1) fine grains on ink stone;
24. 青花 ching-hua, n., (2) flower design on porcelain.
25. 青花魚 ching-hua-yur, n., a fish, Scomber japonicus.
26. 青灰 ching-huei, n., greenish lime.
27. 青□ ching-jiaan, n., (LL) books in gen. (□ being bamboo strips).
28. 青椒 ching-jiau¹, n., green pepper.
29. 青鮫 ching-jiau², n., a ferocious sea fish, Isuropsis glauca.
30. 青金 ching-jin¹, n., lead or tin.
31. 青衿（襟） ching-jin², n., (LL) students, youth (from students’dress in classical times).
32. 青竹絲 ching-jur-sy, n., a small, green, poisonous snake.
33. 青稞 ching-ke, n., a variety of wheat grown in high plateaus of Tibet and Chin. Turkestan.
34. 青兒 ching-’l, n., (1) green pasture, green fields: 逛青兒 take a walk in the countryside;
35. 青兒 ching-’l, n., 放青兒 to pasture cows, sheep;
36. 青兒 ching-’l, n., (2) seedlings in field: 看青兒 watch seedlings against birds;
37. 青兒 ching-’l, n., (3) (coll.) egg white.
38. 青欖 ching-laan, n., olive.
39. 青睞 ching-laih, n., (LL) your gracious look or consideration.
40. 青帘 ching-liarn¹, n., sign of wine shop.
41. 青蓮 ching-liarn², n., lotus, (fig.) Buddha’s eyes.
42. 青藜 ching-lir, n., walking stick.
43. 青蛉 ching-lirng, n., a dragonfly.
44. 青鱗魚 ching-lirn-yur, n., herring.
45. 青樓 ching-lour, n., (LL) a singsong house;
46. 青樓 ching-lour, n., a brothel.
47. 青鸞 ching-luarn, n., a bird with many bright colors, related to 鳳 42.70.
48. 青螺 ching-luor, n., a kind of clam, Acmaea schrenckii.
49. 青龍 ching-lurng, n., (1) dragon, as a symbol of good omen;
50. 青龍 ching-lurng, n., (2) the left side (opp. 白虎 the right side).
51. 青綠 ching-lyuh, n., green color: 青綠山水 landscape painting of northern school with fine lines and bluish-green colors;
52. 青綠 ching-lyuh, n., 青山綠水 beautiful country scene (“green mountains and blue waters”).
53. 青盲 ching-marng, n., amaurosis, due to optic nerve, but without organic trouble;
54. 青盲 ching-marng, n., color blind;
55. 青盲 ching-marng, n., see ching-guang-yaan↑.
56. 青茅 ching-maur, n., (bot.) Miscanthus tinctorius, a grass whose stem and leaves are used for yellow dye.
57. 青梅 ching-meir¹, n., green prunes: 青梅竹馬 the games of childhood, hence, the period when a boy and girl grew up together.
58. 青黴 ching-meir², n., a green mold, penicillium;
59. 青黴 ching-meir², n., 青黴素 ditto.
60. 青苗 ching-miaur, n., system of farmers’ loan at planting time, to be returned at harvest, instituted in 1069 A.D. by 王安石, (also called 青苗錢).
61. 青目 ching-muh, see ching-yaan↓.
62. 青囊 ching-narng, n., geomancy (from a book on geomancy 青囊經).
63. 青鳥 ching-niaau, n., (myth.) bird messenger of Fairy God-Moth-er 西王母;
64. 青鳥 ching-niaau, n., (LL) messenger;
65. 青鳥 ching-niaau, n., The Blue Bird by Maurice Maeterlinck.
66. 青年 ching-niarn, n. & adj., youth;
67. 青年 ching-niarn, n. & adj., youthful;
68. 青年 ching-niarn, n. & adj., 青年期 adolescence;
69. 青年 ching-niarn, n. & adj., 青年會 Y.M.C.A.;
70. 青年 ching-niarn, n. & adj., 青年商會 Junior Chamber of Commerce;
71. 青年 ching-niarn, n. & adj., 青年節 Youth Day.
72. 青女 ching-nyuu, n., the goddess of frost.
73. 青盼 ching-pahn, n., your gracious look or consideration.
74. 青皮 ching-pir, n., (1) a tree, Ilex macropoda;
75. 青皮 ching-pir, n., (2) orange peel, used in medicine;
76. 青皮 ching-pir, n., (3) (coll.) a ne’er-do-well, an eccentric or impertinent fellow.
77. 青萍 ching-pirng, n., duckweed.
78. 青紗障（帳） ching-shajahng, n., (in Manchuria) tall growing Indian corn, sorghum, etc. convenient for hiding of rebels.
79. 青衫 ching-shan, n., (1) plain dress;
80. 青衫 ching-shan, n., (2) see ching-yi↓.
81. 青蝦 ching-shia, n., shrimp;
82. 青蝦 ching-shia, n., prawn.
83. 青士 ching-shyh, n., (LL) bamboo.
84. 青石 ching-shyr, n., granite;
85. 青石 ching-shyr, n., also Lapis lazuli.
86. 青史 ching-shyy, n., history: 青史留名 have a niche in history, leave one’s name to posterity.
87. 青蒜 ching-suahn, n., leek.
88. 青絲 ching-sy, n., black hair: 斬斷青絲 shave off one’s hair to enter monastery.
89. 青苔 ching-tair, n., moss, lichens.
90. 青天 ching-tian, n., (1) the clear, blue sky: 青天白日 in broad daylight;
91. 青天 ching-tian, n., (2) as symbol of justice: 重見青天 regain freedom, freed from prison;
92. 青天 ching-tian, n., formerly, address to judge: 青天大人.
93. 青頭菌 ching--tour-jyuhn, n., a mushroom, Lactaris hatsudake.
94. 青菜 ching-tsaih, n., fresh vegetables in gen.
95. 青翠 ching-tsueih, adj., beautiful green (garden, etc.).
96. 青蔥 ching-tsung, (1) adj., ditto;
97. 青蔥 ching-tsung, (2) n., onion.
98. 青蔥 ching-tsyr¹, n., pure palegreen porcelain, much valued.
99. 青詞 ching-tsyr², n., Taoist prayer, written on special paper.
100. 青桐 ching-turng¹, n., the wurturng (梧^桐 10A.40).
101. 青銅 ching-turng², n., bronze;
102. 青銅 ching-turng², n., 青銅時代 the Bronze Age;
103. 青銅 ching-turng², n., 青銅器 bronze vessels.
104. 青紫 ching-tzyy, adj. & n., (1) purple and blue (bruise);
105. 青紫 ching-tzyy, adj. & n., (2) ancient officials of high rank (dressed in purple and green).
106. 青蛙 ching-wa, n., the common frog.
107. 青眼 ching-yaan, v.t., look on with favor or pleasure, dist. 白眼 show white of eye in disdain.
108. 青陽 ching-yarng¹, n., (LL) springtime.
109. 青楊 ching-yarng², n., a kind of willow, Salix thunbergiana (also called 楊).
110. 青衣 ching-yi, n., (1) (AC) servant, maid;
111. 青衣 ching-yi, n., (2) plain informal dress: 青衣小帽;
112. 青衣 ching-yi, n., (3) (AC) green robes worn in spring;
113. 青衣 ching-yi, n., (4) (Chin. opera) role of simple good young woman (dressed in black, specializing in singing).
114. 青熒 ching-yirng¹, adj., shining (of lamp light, jade).
115. 青蠅 ching-yirng², n., green flies, Lucilia caecar (also called 金蠅).
116. 青玉 ching-yuh, n., sapphire (=藍寶石).
117. 青魚 ching-yur, n., a carp-like fish.
118. 青雲 ching-yurn, n., the region of clouds: (a) symbolic of great official career or literary rank;
119. 青雲 ching-yurn, n., 直上青雲 hit the highest literary honors;
120. 青雲 ching-yurn, n., and (b) symbolic of retirement to nature.

南 Num. Index: 10.02 narn .

N. (1) The south: 南方 narn-fang↓;
南面 narn-miahn↓;
南轅北轍 to head for the wrong. direction, diametrically opposite;
天南地北 (of friends or relatives) be separated far and wide.
(2) The southern parts of a country: 南腔北調 (of speech) talk with mixed accents;
北人南相 a northerner with the looks of a southerner.
(3) A surname.

Adv. Southward: 南巡 (or kings) make an inspection trip in the south;
南奔 escape southward;
南投 go southward;
南行 ditto;
南下 go down south.

Words 1. 南半球 Narn-bahn-chiour, n., the Southern Hemisphere.
2. 南北朝 Narn-beei-chaur, n., era of the Southern and Northern Dyns., 420-589 A.D.
3. 南方 narn-fang, n., (1) (of direction) the south: 在南方 in the south;
4. 南方 narn-fang, n., 面向南方 facing the south;
5. 南方 narn-fang, n., (2) the southern parts of a country: 南方人 a southerner;
6. 南方 narn-fang, n., 南方女郎 a girl from the south.
7. 南非 Narn-Fei, n., South Africa;
8. 南非 Narn-Fei, n., 南非聯邦 Nam-Fei Liarn-bang, Union of South Africa;
9. 南非 Narn-Fei, n., Republic of South Africa since 1961.
10. 南瓜 narn-gua, n., (bot.) the pumpkin, Cucurbita pepo.
11. 南瓜子兒 narn-’gua-tzee-’l, n., pumpkin seeds.
12. 南國 narn-guor, N., the south in general: 南國佳人 a beauty from the south.
13. 南回歸線 Narn-hueir-guei-shiahn, n., the Tropic of Capricorn.
14. 南貨 narn-huoh, n., (orig.) products from southern China;
15. 南貨 narn-huoh, n., now, any native product, foodstuff, ham, etc.
16. 南胡 narn-hur, n., a kind of musical instrument.
17. 南鍼 narn-jen, n., (also 南針) a compass, (fig.) a guide or guideline, abbr. from 指南針.
18. 南箕 narn-ji, n., as in 南箕北斗 (lit.) the Sagittarius and the Dipper;
19. 南箕 narn-ji, n., (fig.) nominal things without any practical use.
20. 南京 Narn-jing, n., Nanking.
21. 南極 Narn-jir, n., (geog.) the South Pole;
22. 南極 Narn-jir, n., 南極圈 the Antarctic Circle;
23. 南極 Narn-jir, n., 南極洲 Antartica.
24. 南燭 narn-jur, n., (bot.) (also 南天燭) Andromeda ovalifolia.
25. 南柯 narn-ke, n., in 南柯一夢 (allu.) an imaginary or empty dream, symbolic of man’s life.
26. 南美 Narn-Meei, n., South America.
27. 南面 narn-miahn, n., (1) the south;
28. 南面 narn-miahn, n., (2) (AC) a king or emperor: 南面稱王 to ascend the throne (from ancient practice that all kings sat facing the south in holding audience).
29. 南無 narn-mor (narn-’mo), v.t., (Sanskrit) Namo, take refuge in (the Buddha, the dharma or the sangha).
30. 南山壽 narn-shan-shouh, phr., 壽比南山 many, many happy returns of the day (lit., “as longlived as Mt. Nanshan”).
31. 南斯拉夫 Narn-Sy-la-fu, n., Yugoslavia.
32. 南天竹 narn-tian-jur, n., (bot.) Nandia domestica.
33. 南腿 narn-tueei, n., a kind of ham produced in southern China.
34. 南緯 narn-weei, n., (geog.) southern latitudes.
35. 南洋 Narn-yarng, n., the South Seas;
36. 南洋 Narn-yarng, n., 南洋群島 the South Sea Islands.

毒 Num. Index: 10.50 dur .

N. Poison: 有毒 be poisonous;
中毒 (juhng-dur) get poisoned;
下毒 put poison in (drink);
服毒 commit suicide by. poison;
流毒 deleterious effect, harm to society;
消毒 to disinfect, sterilize;
解毒 counteract poison;
解毒藥 antidote.

V.t. To poison: 毒殺，毒死，毒斃 poison to death;
毒害 to harm gravely, persecute to death.

Adj. & adv. (1) Poisonous: 毒蟲，毒蛇 poisonous insect, snake;
毒牙，毒刺 poison fangs, poisonous sting;
毒箭，毒酒 poisoned arrow, wine.
(2) Malicious, murderous, with hate or intention to harm: (下) 毒手 use murderous means;
毒計 dastardly plan to hurt or persecute;
毒心 murderous heart;
狠毒心腸 cruel heart;
毒恨 bitter hate;
惡毒 evil, cruel;
毒打 beat mercilessly;
毒罵 revile, rail at madly.

Words 1. 毒氣 dur-chih, n., poisonous gas.
2. 毒著兒 dur-jau-’l, n., a murderous plan.
3. 毒質 dur-jyr, n., poisonous material, element.
4. 毒辣 dur-lah, adj., murderous, cruel, devilish (plan).
5. 毒砂 dur-sha, n., (min.) arsenopyrite.
6. 毒素 dur-suh, n., toxin.
7. 毒血症 dur-shyueh-jehng, n., toxemia.
8. 毒瓦斯 dur-waa-sy, n., poison gas.
9. 毒藥 dur-yauh, n., poison.

棼 Num. Index: 10.50 fern .

N. (1) (AC) cross beams on roof.
(2) A kind of hemp cloth.

Adj. Confusing, tangled.

剺 Num. Index: 10.50 lir .

剺� To scrape with a knife.

驁 Num. Index: 10.50 aur .

N. A steed, charger;
an uncontrollable wild horse, mustang.

Adj. Unruly, uncontrollable, proud: 桀驁 violent-tempered;
驁放 proud and disdainful of conventions.

杰 Num. Index: 10.63 jier . [Var. of 傑 91A.01]

熬 Num. Index: 10.63 aur (*au ).

V.i. & t. (1) To stew (beef, vegetable), decoct (medicine), simmer (gruel) and make thick soup.
(2) To suffer (as in Eng. “stew in one’s own juice”): 熬不過苦刑 could endure no longer the tortures;
熬過這一夜 (of dying patient) pull through this night;
熬夜，熬眼皮子 to go without sleep the whole night;
熬枯受淡 drag through a monotonous life.

Adj. (*au) Worried, despondent: 今天他熬了 he is in a bad mood today;
熬心，熬惱 aur-shin, aur-naau↓;
熬頭，熬喳兒 aur-’tou, aur-char-’l↓.

Words 1. 熬熬 aur-aur, adj., (AC) discontented, clamorous (=嗷嗷).
2. 熬喳兒 *au-char-’l, adj., depressed, indifferent to everything.
3. 熬煎 aur-jian, v.i. & t., to endure, drag through unhappy days: 怕家眷受熬煎 afraid that one’s family will live through hard days.
4. 熬煉 aur-liahn, v.t., to let (person, body) go through hard training.
5. 熬惱 *au-naau, adj., irritated, vexed.
6. 熬審 aur-sheen, v.t., to apply third degree.
7. 熬心 *au-shin, adj., see aur-naau↑.
8. 熬刑 aur-shirng, v.t., to endure tortures by court, police.
9. 熬頭 *au-’tou, n., mental torment;
10. 熬頭 *au-’tou, n., 心况這一分熬頭 this torment, anguish in my heart;
11. 熬頭 *au-’tou, n., 熬頭兒 reward for long hardships and patience;
12. 熬頭 *au-’tou, n., 將來有個熬頭兒 will be well rewarded (for present suffering).
13. 熬油（兒） aur-your(’l), v.i., to waste lamp oil by not sleeping at night.

鰲 Num. Index: 10.63 aur . [Pop. of 鼇 10.70]

七 Num. Index: 10.70 chi (chir before 4th tone (h) and unaccented syllable).

N. A seventh day after death, when sacrifice is offered until seven times seven days (forty-ninth) is over;
七七 forty-ninth day;
頭七 the first seventh;
三七 the third seventh, etc.

Adj. Seven, seven times;
七擒七放 (allu.) 諸葛亮七擒孟獲 Juker Liahng subjugated a native chief by capturing him and releasing him seven times;
七十二 a round number;
七十二行 every one of the seventy-two professions;
出七 an impossible number in dice where the maximum is six, hence a miracle: 說出七來也不行 even a miracle won’t make (s.o.) budge;
他可貧出七來了 he is down to the last cent;
七…八… higgledy-piggledy, pellmell;
七大八小，七長八短 of uneven size;
七顛八倒 totter in any and all directions;
亂七八糟，七零八落 all a hideous mess;
七扭八歪 (of things) in a state of great disorder: 七楞八瓣 of most uneven size and formation;
七手八腳 to serve hand and foot;
七上八下 (or 落) in a mental flurry of indecision;
七嘴八舌，七言八語 all talking in confusion or offering different opinions;
七拼八湊 to scrape together;
七折八扣 not pay up full amount;
七通八達 (of location) reaching out in all directions;
七老八十 in one’s seventies.

Words 1. 七寶 chi-baau, n., (Budd.) seven kinds of gems (and other explanations): 七寶樓臺 tower of seven jewels.
2. 七七 chi-chi, n., (1) the seven times seven days after death. see N.↑;
3. 七七 chi-chi, n., (2) the seventh day of seventh lunar month, see chi-shih↓;
4. 七七 chi-chi, n., 七七事變 July 7, 1937, the outbreak of Sino-Japanese War.
5. 七巧（板） chi-chiaau(baan), n., (1) see chi-shih↓;
6. 七巧（板） chi-chiaau(baan), n., (2) the magic square, cut into seven pieces, which could be arranged in many different shapes, an educational puzzle.
7. 七竅 chi-chiauh, phr., the seven apertures of human face (eyes, ears, nostrils and mouth): 七竅流血 bleeding from nose and mouth, etc.;
8. 七竅 chi-chiauh, phr., 七竅生孼 fumigate with anger.
9. 七情 chi-chirng, phr., the normal human emotions of joy, anger, sorrow, fear, love, hate and desire.
10. 七出 chi-chu, phr., formerly, the seven valid reasons for divorce: (1) barrenness,
11. 七出 chi-chu, phr., (2) adultery,
12. 七出 chi-chu, phr., (3) disrespect to parents-in-law,
13. 七出 chi-chu, phr., (4) wicked tongue,
14. 七出 chi-chu, phr., (5) theft,
15. 七出 chi-chu, phr., (6) jealousy and (7) heinous disease.
16. 七尺 chi-chyy, phr., 七尺之軀 the human adult body, seven “foot” 尺 in ancient measure (a foot being perhaps seven modern inches).
17. 七古 chi-guu, n., see chi-yarn↓.
18. 七件事 chi-jiahn-shyh, phr., the seven household needs: 柴 fuel, 米 rice, 油 oil, 鹽 salt, 醬 sauce, 醋 vinegar, 茶 tea.
19. 七絕 chi-jyuer, n., see chi-yarn-shy↓.
20. 七律 chi-lyuh, n., see chi-yarn-shy↓.
21. 七色 chi-seh, n., the seven colors of spectrum or rainbow.
22. 七聲 chi-sheng, phr., the seventone scale of music: 宮，商，角，徵，羽 (pentatonic) plus 變徵 fa and 變宮 ti.
23. 七香 chi-shiang, n., a mixture of seven spices.
24. 七絃 chi-shiarn, n., the sevenstringed instrument.
25. 七夕 chi-shih, n., the festival of the seventh day of seventh month, celebrating the annual reunion of lovers, the Cowherd and the Spinster, two stars in heaven, also called 乞巧.
26. 七星 chi-shing, n., (astron.) the Great Dipper;
27. 七星 chi-shing, n., 七星板 a panel in coffin carved with design of the Great Dipper.
28. 七條 chi-tiaur, n., Buddhist cassock: 七條袈裟.
29. 七言詩 chi-yarn-shy, n., a poetic form of seven syllables to a line;
30. 七言詩 chi-yarn-shy, n., 七律 such poem of eight lines with prescribed tonal pattern;
31. 七言詩 chi-yarn-shy, n., 七絕 of four lines with prescribed tonal pattern;
32. 七言詩 chi-yarn-shy, n., 七古 poem of seven syllables to a line, without tonal prescription and of any number of lines.
33. 七曜 chi-yauh, n., the seven days of the week, named after the sun (Sunday), the moon (Monday) and five planets (Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus and Saturn).
34. 七音 chi-yin, n., (1) (phonetics) the seven classes of consonants;
35. 七音 chi-yin, n., 脣 labial, 舌 lingual, 牙 back teeth, 齒 dental, 喉 guttural, 半舌 lateral and 半齒 dental sibilant;
36. 七音 chi-yin, n., (2) see chi-sheng↑.

□ Num. Index: 10.70 shern . [Abbr. of 甚20.21]

屯 Num. Index: 10.70 turn (*jun, *churn ).

N. (1) (turn-tz, turn-’l) A small hamlet.
(2) (*churn) Anc. place name.

V.t. (1) To hoard, stock up for sale:屯貨 stock up goods;
屯糧（mil.) stock up food supplies;
gather, accumulate,屯聚，屯積 turn-jyuh,turn-ji↓.
(2) To station soldiers at place for defense:屯兵.

Adj. (*jun) (In AC compp. only) 屯剝 (turn-bo), 屯否 (turn-pii), 屯難 (jun-nahn), 屯質 (turn-jyh), 屯坎 (turn-kaan),all meaning encountering hard knocks in life, buffeted.

Words 1. 屯堡 turn-baau, n., military outpost.
2. 屯積 turn-ji, v.t., to store up (gold, goods, food supplies).
3. 屯聚 turn-jyuh, v.i.(of people) flock together, form a crowd (at a place).
4. 屯墾 turn-keen, v.i., open up frontier land.
5. 屯糧 turn-liarng, v.i. & n., store(d) up food supplies (chiefly rice);
6. 屯糧 turn-liarng, v.i. & n., sometimes farm tax on colonizing farmers.
7. 屯田 turn-tiarn, v.i. & n., to station soldiers on borders, making them raise their own food.

鼇 Num. Index: 10.70 aur . [Pop. 鰲]

N. A big sea turtle;
oft. a stone turtle supporting a tablet and associated with Hanlin Academy 翰林院：獨佔鼇頭 to come out first in national civil examinations as 狀元.

先 Num. Index: 10.70 shian (*shiahn ).

N. (1) Place ahead, time before: 在你之先 ahead of you;
未開始之先 before it began;
see 先前shian-chiarn↓.
(2) A surname.

V.t. (1) To precede: 先意承志 do things before one is told.
(2) (pr. *shiahn in AC classics)To go before, precede: 知所先後 to know what should precede, and what follow;
先己後人 put self before others;
先下手為強 advantage for striking first.

Adj. (1) Ahead in place, before in time, opp. 後 behind: 先路 road ahead, those leading;
先例shian-lih↓
(2) The deceased, the late (uncle, mother, husband, wife, etc.): 先大夫，先府君 my (our) late father;
先秦 pre-Chirn period.
(3) Pertaining to past ages: 先聖，先賢，先哲，先輩 shian-shiehng, shian-shiarn, shian-jer, shian-beih↓.
(4) Of prime importance or prior in importance: 先要shian-yauh↓.

Num. Index: Adv.1

Num. Index: Adv.2

Num. Index: Adv.3

Num. Index: Adv.4

Num. Index: Adv.5

Num. Index: Adv.6

Num. Index: Adv.7

Num. Index: Adv.8

Num. Index: Adv.9

Num. Index: Adv.10

Num. Index: Adv.11

Num. Index: Adv.12

Num. Index: Adv.13

Num. Index: Adv.14

Num. Index: 先輩

Num. Index: 先妣

Num. Index: 先前

Num. Index: 先期

Num. Index: 先驅

Num. Index: 先達

Num. Index: 先導

Num. Index: 先德

Num. Index: 先鋒

Num. Index: 先河

Num. Index: 先後

Num. Index: 先兆

Num. Index: 先正

Num. Index: 先哲

Num. Index: 先見

Num. Index: 先進

Num. Index: 先知

Num. Index: 先決

Num. Index: 先覺

Num. Index: 先君

Num. Index: 先考

Num. Index: 先烈

Num. Index: 先例

Num. Index: 先令

Num. Index: 先民

Num. Index: 先人

Num. Index: 先容

Num. Index: 先聖

Num. Index: 先生

Num. Index: 先聲

Num. Index: 先賢

Num. Index: 先行

Num. Index: 先手

Num. Index: 先師

Num. Index: 先世

Num. Index: 先事

Num. Index: 先是

Num. Index: 先室

Num. Index: 先識

Num. Index: 先緒

Num. Index: 先史

Num. Index: 先天

Num. Index: 先頭

Num. Index: 先策

Num. Index: 先慈

Num. Index: 先澤

Num. Index: 先子

Num. Index: 先王

Num. Index: 先務

Num. Index: 先嚴

Num. Index: 先要

Num. Index: 先引

Num. Index: 先塋

克 Num. Index: 10.70

N. Gram, weight unit: 毫克，厘克，克，千克 (公斤) milligram, centigram, gram, kilogram.

Aux. vb. (AC, LL) can=modn. 能：不克分身 cannot leave here;
克勤克儉 have capacity for industry and thrift;
克紹箕裘 can carry on father’s tradition;
弗克如願 could not have it as one wished;
克享 can enjoy;
克當 be worthy;
克堪 be worthy to receive.

V.t. To overcome, conquer: 克難 overcome difficulty, crisis;
柔能克剛 softness can overcome strength;
克私，克欲 overcome selfishness, desires;
克己，克制，克服，克復 keh-jii, keh-jyh, keh-fur, keh-fuh↓.

Adj. The very (day): 克日，克期完成 finish the very day, on set date (also wr. 䞦).

Words 1. 克復 keh-fuh, v.t., recover (lost territory).

Num. Index: 克服

Num. Index: 克家

Num. Index: 克己

Num. Index: 克制

Num. Index: 克拉

剋 Num. Index: 10.70 keh . [Var. 䞦]

v.t. (1) Cut down, reduce, see 剋扣 keh-kouh↓.
(2) Overcome, work against: 剋制，剋服;
see 克 10.70;
相生相剋 (yin and yarng) reinforce or counteract each other;
剋夫，剋妻 (fortunetelling) destined to mourn husband’s or wife’s death.
(3) As var. of 刻 to carve;
苛剋 (=苛刻) mean and cruel.

Words 1. 剋期 keh-chi, phr., on set date (oft in mil. orders).
2. 剋扣 keh-kouh, v.t., have illegal “cut”: 剋扣軍餉 take illegal cut on soldiers’ pay.

梵 Num. Index: 10.70 fahn .

Adj. (1) Buddhist: 梵宮，梵剎，梵宇 Buddhist temple;
梵師 Buddhist monk;
梵嫂 Buddhist monk’s wife (facet.).
(2) Sanskrit: 梵文，梵宇 Sanskrit script, language;
梵語 Sanskrit language.

Words 1. 梵唄 fahn-beih, n., Buddhist song, singing.
2. 梵蒂岡 fahn-dih-gang, n., the Vatican, also 梵諦岡.
3. 梵國 fahn-guor, n., India.
4. 梵眾 fahn-juhng, n., Buddhist monks.
5. 梵志 fahn-jyh, n., Brahma.
6. 梵天 fahn-tian, n., one of the three heavens or heavenly states;
7. 梵天 fahn-tian, n.,大梵天 the highest abode of 梵王 fahn-warng↓.
8. 梵王 fahn-warng, n., (Budd.) the King of Heaven.
9. 梵亞玲 fahn-yah-lirng, n., (translit.) violin, usu. called 小提琴.
10. 梵音 fahn-yin, n., the sound of Buddhist incantations.

氂 Num. Index: 10.70 lir (*maur ).

N. (1) Yak’s tail.
(2) Long curly hair.
(3) The yak (＝犛) 氂鍼 lir-jen, n., (Chin. med.) a needle broader at one end.

麓 Num. Index: 10.70 luh .

N. Foothill: 山麓;
南麓 (北麓) foothill on south (north) side.

恝 Num. Index: 10.72 jiar .

V.t. Neglect, pay no attention to: 恝置 ignore.

Adj. Without care or worry: 恝然 indifferent, unconcerned.

惠 Num. Index: 10.72 hueih .

N. (1) Kindness, compassion, grace: 仁惠.
(2) Favor, gift: 恩惠 s.o.’s kindness, generosity;
施惠 give gifts, charity;
受惠，蒙惠 (court.) be favored with (kindness, gift, letter, etc.).
(3) A surname.

V.t. Give: 見惠一票 kindly present me with a vote;
惠我良多 (LL) have reveived your many favors.

Adj. Kind, generous: 惠音 your kind letter;
惠政 benevolent policy;
惠聲 reputation for kindness;
惠風 mild air or breeze;
惠而不費 phr., a kind act which does not cost much.

Adv. Kindly, graciously, be so kind as to: 惠賜，惠贈 (court.) so kind as to give;
惠臨，惠然肯來 honor(me) with your presence;
惠顧 (court. of prospective customer) graciously come to our shop, to patronize;
惠存 (court.) keep as souvenir.

想 Num. Index: 10.72 shiaang .

N. A thought, thinking, speculation: 思想 thought, ideas;
幻想 imagination, fantasy, daydream;
構想 speculation, imagination, plan for (novel, etc.);
妄想 crazy or absurd idea(s);
異想天開 phr., have strange, fantastic ideas;
理想 ideal: 理想主義 (者) idealism(-t);
想法 viewpoints;
感想 thoughts and impressions after reading a book, visiting a country, see also V.i. & t.↓.

V.i. & t. (1) To think, speculate, suppose: 我想 I think;
別想，休想 don’t think that;
想來想去 turn over in one’s mind, see 想來 shiaang-lair↓;
想開了 to put s.t. out of mind, stop worrying, take it easy;
想不開 keep on worrying, commit suicide, cannot put out of one’s mind;
想通了，想不通 have found, cannot find a way out, a suitable solution (to a problem);
想當然耳 just a conjecture;
想入非非 have daydreams, fantastic ideas, improper thoughts.
(2) To think of, to remember (oft. followed by adv., 到，起): 虧你想得到 how good of you to think of it;
想不到她會離開我 never thought she would leave me;
想家 be homesick;
想得好苦 long for s.o.;
想我母親 am thinking of my mother;
回想 remember, recall (a past event), think back (of old days);
想錢 think of, be preoccupied with money;
想個事做 think of s.t. to do;
想點辦法 think of some way to do it;
想起一件事 suddenly remember one thing.
(3) To wish, have a mind to: 我想去 I want to go;
想不去 don’t want to go;
想要shiaang-yauh↓;
我想到別處去 I am thinking of going elsewhere.
(4) Short for“I think,”“I suppose”: 想是車誤點了 I think the train is late;
想必有緣故 I think there must be a reason;
想有問題 I am afraid there might be some hitch;
想他不肯 I believe he will not consent.

Words 1. 想碴兒 shiaang-char-’l, phr., to ruminage (over past errors, events).
2. 想起 shiaang-chii, n., recall (some past event, or s.t. forgotten).
3. 想著 shiaang-’je, v.i. & t., pres. p. of 想 in all senses, see V.i. &t.↑: 我想著他 I am always thinking of him;
4. 想著 shiaang-’je, v.i. & t., 想著去又想著不去 thinking of going one moment, and not going the next.
5. 想見 shianng-jiahn, v.i., (1) (LL) imagine:想見其為人 imagine what he was like;
6. 想見 shianng-jiahn, v.i., (2) wish to see (s.o.).
7. 想來 shiaang-lair, phr., after thinking, I suppose, I imagine: 想來是家况有人病了 I suppose somebody at home is sick;
8. 想來 shiaang-lair, phr., 想來真不應該 when I come to think of it, I really should not have done it.
9. 想念 shiaang-niahn, v.t., remember, long for (person, home).
10. 想像 shiaang-shiahng v.i. & n., to imagine, -tion: 想像力 imaginative power;
11. 想像 shiaang-shiahng v.i. & n., 想像文學 imaginative literature.
12. 想頭 shiaang’tou, n., (1) a thought, idea (＝念頭)：你有這些想頭 you have such ideas;
13. 想頭 shiaang’tou, n., (2) hope,wish: 沒想頭 (the matter) is hopeless, there’s no more use thinking.
14. 想望 shiaang-wahng, v.i., (1) to hope to, that;
15. 想望 shiaang-wahng, v.i., (2) (LL) admire：天下想望風采 you are the admiration of the world.
16. 想要 shiaang-yauh, phr., want to, feel like: 想要回家 want to go home.

慧 Num. Index: 10.72 hueih

N. (1) wisdom: 智慧 ditto.
(2) (Budd.) intelligence, latent or developed in man, for knowledge of God: 慧心 wisdom-mind, see 慧心，慧劍，慧根，慧眼 hueih-shin, hueih-jiahn, hueih-gen, hueih-yaan↓

Adj. Intelligent: 聰慧 bright, (mind, child);
靈慧，黠慧 quick in understanding;
秀外慧中 (usu. of child, girl) pretty and intelligent;
淑慧 bright and good (woman).

Words 1. 慧根 hueih-gen, n., (Budd.) born, latent intelligence for understanding God or religious enlightenment.
2. 慧劍 heih-jiahn, n., (Budd.) the sword of wisdom which cuts through the illusions of matgerial world.
3. 慧心 hueih-shin, n., (Budd.)th enlightened mind, wisdom.
4. 慧眼 hueih-yaan, n., (Budd.) the eye of wisdom, religious insight;
5. 慧眼 hueih-yaan, n., (complim.) your penetrating insight.

□ Num. Index: 10.72 tsarn . [Var. of 慚 22A.22]

懋 Num. Index: 10.72 mouh (mauh ).

V.i.&t. (1) Reward with money, rank. etc.:懋賞，懋庸.
(2) (AC) try hard, endeavor: 維時懋哉 do your duty well！

Adj. Splendid, worthy: 懋業，績，功 splendid achievement;
懋典 impressive ceremony.

Words 1. 懋遷 mouh-chian, n., & v.i., trade, barter＝貿^易90.80.

真 Num. Index: 10.80 jen . [Oft. printed □]

N. (1) A surname.
(2) (Taoist) the true, original, unspoiled character of man: 全真，葆真 keep the original character;
真人，真君 jen-rern, jen-jyun↓.

Adj. Real, genuine, true: 真實，真確 jen-shyr, jen-chyueh↓;
(opp. to 偽，假) 真偽 jen-weih↓;
真假jen-jiaa↓;
這玉是真的 this jade is genuine;
真的事實 real, true facts;
真情，真𤂌jen-chirng, jen-ji↓;
真面目 the real or close view of person or thing, dist. hearsay or reputation;
真知灼見 insight won from close knowledge of subject;
真善美(nn.) the true, the good nad the beautiful;
失真 (of portrait, copy) not true to life or to original;
天真 innocent, naive;
認真 earnest;
寫真，傳真 portrait;
寫真 also (Japanese) photograph;
逼真 lifelike.

Adv. Really, truly: 真正jen-jehng↓;
真箇 jen-geh↓;
他真了不起 he is really marvellous;
真的那麼厲害 is he really that capable or ruthless? 你真行 you are really wonderful;
真大膽，聰明，etc. really daring, clever.

Words 1. 真切 jen-chieh, adj., realistic, close to life (description);
2. 真切 jen-chieh, adj., earnest (appeal).
3. 真情 jen-chirng, n., (1) the real facts of a situation;
4. 真情 jen-chirng, n., (2) genuine feeling: 真情實意 out of genuine friendship.
5. 真除 jen-chur, v.t., to give real post, not merely rank to person: 真除部長 confirm as regular minister (person who has been “acting” only).
6. 真詮 jen-chyuarn, n., the real meaning of text or teaching.
7. 真確 jen-chyueh, adj., true, not false (facts, opinion).
8. 真諦 jen-dih, n., (Budd.) true meaning of teaching or doctrine.
9. 真箇 jen-geh, adv., (esp. MC) really (＝真的)：真箇銷魂 (of woman) really captivating;
10. 真箇 jen-geh, adv., really surrender in love.
11. 真箇的 jen-ger-’de, adv., ditto.
12. 真果 jen-guoo, n., (bot.) true. fruit.

責 Num. Index: 10.80 tzer .

N. One’s duty, responsibility: 責任 tzer-rehn↓;
責任心 sense of responsibility;
責任感 moral obligation;
責無旁貸 duty-bound;
敷衍塞責 do things perfunctorily;
職責 official responsibility;
負責 be responsible, have sense of responsibility.

V.t. (1) To blame, condemn, censure: 責詰，詰責 chide, rebuke;
責問 take to task;
責難 -narn↓;
責讓 to reprimand, to lash out at;
責言 words of censure.
(2) (AC) to demand, ask for: 責賂于鄭 demand tribute from jehng.
(3) Punish: 責罰 tzer-far↓;
責罵 chide, revile;
責備 tzer-beih↓;
責打 tzer-daa↓;
杖責 flog with a cane;
笞責 flog with a bamboo stick;
痛責 scold severely;
譴責 lash out at, make verbal attacks on;
自責 reproach oneself.

Words 1. 責備 tzer-beih, v.t., (1) expect too much of (another): 求全責備 take to task severly, expect (people) to be saints;
2. 責備 tzer-beih, v.t., (2) to rebuke, reprimand.
3. 責成 tzer-cherng, v.t., entrust a task to (s.o.).
4. 責打 tzer-daa, v.t., (LL) mete out corporeal punishment to, punish by flogging.
5. 責罰 tzer-far (tzer-’fa), v.t., punish (a child, pupil).
6. 責分 tzer-fehn, n., one’s bounden duty.
7. 責難 tzer-narn, v.t., (1) to call upon (s.o.) to make superhuman efforts;
8. 責難 tzer-narn, v.t., (2) (tzer-nahn) rebuke severely: 受人責難 be taken to task ( censured).
9. 責任 tzer-rehn, n., (1) one’s duty, responsibility;
10. 責任 tzer-rehn, n., (2) one’s moral or legal obligation;
11. 責任 tzer-rehn, n., 責任準備金 liability reserve funds.
12. 責善 tzer-shahn, v.t., expect the best of (s.o.): 父子之間不責善 between father and son there is no room for sermonizing.
13. 責望 tzer-wahng, v.i., cause misgivings between friends by expecting too much of each other.

賁 Num. Index: 10.80 ben (*bih ). [Cogn. of 奔，濆]

v.i. (AC) Flee, dash (=奔) 賁軍 fleeing troops: 虎^賁 21A.70 (ben) brave like “dashing tiger.”

Adj. (*bih) Shining.

Words 1. 賁賁 ben-ben, adj., (AC) making chattering noise (of birds).
2. 賁臨 *bih-lin, v.i., (LL & court.) condescend and attend my humble dinner＝光臨.
3. 10.80 laih.

N. A surname.

V.t. 賚品 a gift.

贅 Num. Index: 10.80 jueih .

N. (1) (AC) a pawn.
(2) Appendage, what is extra: 贅疣，贅瘤 jueih-your, jueih-liour²↓.
(3) A son-in-law who marries into bride’s family and takes her family name.
(4) To be married into brides home and take her name, see N.3↑.

V.i. & t. (1) (AC) to pawn, also to offer oneself as hostage: 贅子 (AC) to sell son as slave.
(2) To hang like an appendage: 這孩子贅著我 this child hangs on to me everywhere.
(3) (AC)贅聚 to assemble, meet.
(4) To say what is not necessary, to talk incessantly or repetitiously: 不贅（in letters) will stop here (and you will understand the rest).

Adj. & adv. Extra, supernumerary: 贅言，贅詞，贅述 jueih-yarn, jueih-tsyr, jueih-shuh↓;
累贅 wordy, repetitious.

Words 1. 贅旒 jueih-liour¹, n., (AC) a figurehead, a mere adornment.
2. 贅瘤 jueih-liour², n., a goiter, a thing of no purpose, unneeded thing.
3. 贅述 jueih-shuh, v.i., in 不必贅述 it’s unnecessary to go into details.
4. 贅□ jueih-shyuh, n., see N.3↑.
5. 贅詞 jueih-tsyr, n., unnecessary talk.
6. 贅言 jueih-yarn, n., see jueih-tsyr↑.
7. 贅疣 jueih-your, n., see jueih-liour²↑.

贊 Num. Index: 10.80 tzahn .

N. A literary eulogy.

V.t. (1) Help, assist ,support: 贊助 to support (plan, program) morally or financially;
贊理，贊襄 assist (person) with a task;
贊翼 serve as an assistant to (person).
(2) Praise, laud: 贊美 tzahn-meei↓;
贊歎 to praise highly;
贊賞 appreciate (a job well done, a work of art);
稱贊 speak well of;
贊許 endorse, approve;
贊揚 speak favorably of , sing the praises of;
贊頌 laud to the skies.
(3) Agree with, assent to: 贊同 be in agreement with, approve of (action, proposal).
贊成 tzahn-cherng↓.
(4) Assist in a ceremony: 贊禮 tzahn-lii↓;
噍贊賓客 to greet all guests.

Words 1. 贊成 tzahn-cherng, v.t., to approve: 我不贊成 I do not approve;
2. 贊成 tzahn-cherng, v.t., to second (s.o.’s proposal, motion) during discussion or debate;
3. 贊成 tzahn-cherng, v.t., (2) help (s.o.) to succeed.
4. 贊禮 tzahn-lii, v.i., serve as a program announcer;
5. 贊禮 tzahn-lii, v.i., 贊禮人 master of ceremonies.
6. 贊美 tzahn-meei, v.t., to praise: 贊美上帝 praise God;
7. 贊美 tzahn-meei, v.t., 贊美詩 n.,hymn.

□ Num. Index: 10.80 ji . [Var. 齎]

N. & v.t. A gift, to give.

契 Num. Index: 10.81 chih (*chieh ). [Var. 契]

N. A written agreement, a deed: see 契約 chih-yue↓;
地契，田契，房契 title deed of land, farm, house;
租契 lease contract: 文契 written contract.

Adj. Sworn: 契兄弟 sworn brother;
契父，契母 chih-fuh, chih-muu.↓.

V.t. (1) To match, to be attached closely as friend: 相契 get along together beautifully;
契友 close friend;
契合 chih-her↓.
(2) (LL) to bite, bite off: 契臂之交 (lit.) “bite shoulder”—sworn friend;
契斷 to bite off.
(3) (*chieh) To carve: 契舟求劍 (＝刻契) to carve on gunwale of moving boat, marking where a sword was dropped-foolish undertaking;
契闊 chih-kuoh↓.
(4) Adopted (father, mother, brother).

Words 1. 契契 chih-chih, adv., (AC) sorrowfully.
2. 契丹 chih-dan, n., the Kitan tribe (ruled China 907-1115 A.D.).
3. 契父 chih-fuh, n., adopted father.
4. 契合 chih-her, (1) v.i., agree, match together;
5. 契合 chih-her, (2) adj., intimate, suitable, friendly.
6. 契箭 chih-jiahn, n., (AC) military order, in form of an arrow.
7. 契券 chih-jyuahn, n., contractual agreement, deed of sale or ownership.
8. 契據 chih-jyuh, n., written contract, papers of agreement.
9. 契紙 chih-jyy, n., a title deed.
10. 契闊 *chieih-kuoh, adj., (LL) separated: 契闊三年 absence of three years;
11. 契闊 *chieih-kuoh, adj., 契闊之情 remembrance during absence.
12. 契母 chih-muu, n., adopted mother.
13. 契女 chih-nyuu, n., adopted daughter.
14. 契稅 chih-shueih, n., tax on landownership registration.
15. 契兄弟 chih-shyung-dih, n., sworn brothers.
16. 契子 chih-tzyy, n., adopted son.
17. 契尾（子） chih-wei(’tz), n., formerly, landownership regisgtration paper.
18. 契文 chih-wern, n., (1) text of agreement;
19. 契文 chih-wern, n., (2) bone insciptions of Shang Dyn., being earliest known forms of writing.
20. 契印 chih-yihn, n., official seal stamped on agreement.
21. 契約 chih-yue, n., a written contract.

獒 Num. Index: 10.81 aur .

N. A mastiff, a large fierce dog.

樊 Num. Index: 10.81 farn .

N. (1) A surname.
(2) Bird cage.

Words 1. 樊籠 farn-luung, n., bird cage;
2. 樊籠 farn-luung, n., (fig.) deadening confinement in art, literature.
3. 樊然 farn-rarn, adj., (LL) confusing.

焚 Num. Index: 10.81 fern .

V.i. & t. (LL) Burn (=vern. 燒 shau): 焚毀 destroy by fire;
焚斃 burn (-ed) to death;
焚掠，焚劫 (of troops and bandits) burn houses and loot;
焚稿 burn manuscipts;
焚香 burn incense and pray at temple;
焚琴煮鶴 (derog.) burn famous string instrument for fuel and cook crane for meat, vandalism, offence against culture;
焚書坑儒 burning of books and burying Confucianists alive in ravine by 秦始皇 in 213－212 B.C.;
焚膏繼晷 “burn midnight oil”in hard study;
玩火自焚 play with fire, burn one’s finger’s;
焚溺 fire and drowning flood, symbol of people’s misery under oppression.

Words 1. 焚燒 fern-shau, v.i. & t., to burn.

□ Num. Index: 10.81 Bor .

N. Bor (or □人 Bor-rern), an aboriginal tribe in Southwest China.

支 Num. Index: 10.82 jy .

N.adjunct. A stick (u.f. 枝): 一支蠟燭 one candle;
hence, candle power: 五十支光 fifty candle power;
number of threads per inch in gauze or silk material.

N. (1) A surname.
(2) A branch office, branch line, a branch of family (related 枝 10A. 82): 支部 branch office;
支店，支行 local office;
支隊 an army column;
支線 branch telegraphic or railway line (opp. 幹線 trunk line);
支流 tributary, branch of river;
宗支,支脈 branch of family;
本支 same branch of family;
支路 feeder road, branch of road
(3) U.f. 肢 limbs: 支解，支骸 jy-jiee, jy-hair↓.
(4) 地支 the duodecimal cycle for counting years, days and hours: 子，丑，寅，卯，辰，巳，午，未，申，酉，戌，亥 used in conjunction with the decimal cycle 天干
see Appendix A.

V.t. (1) To disburse, pay out: 支付，支出 jy-fuh, jy-chu↓;
支撥 pay (a certain sum);
支給 pay to (person, etc.);
開支 expenditures, disbursements;
收支相抵 (平衡) balance of income and expenditures.
(2) To receive, get payment: 支取 jy-chyuu↓;
支款，支錢 take out cash;
支借 borrow on account;
預支 prepay, (receive) advance payment;
透支 overdraw, overdraft;
停支 stop payment;
濫支 improperly disburse.
(3) To support: 支持，支撐，支援 jy-chyr, jy-cheng, jy-yuaan↓;
支不住 or 支 (持) 不住 cannot hold back (onslaught), cannot hold up against (illness);
支鍋瓦兒 a three-legged support of iron or brick for round cauldrons.
(4) To send about, to order, to control: 支使，支配jy-’shy, jy-peih↓;
支嘴兒 to order others about while not moving oneself;
把他支走 send him away.

Adj. Disperse: 支離 jy-lir↓.

Words 1. 支壠 jy-cheng, v.t., to prop up, to hold up a collapsing or collapsible structure: 支壠門面 to maintain the front or show.
2. 支氣管 jy-chih-guaan, n., bronchi;
3. 支氣管 jy-chih-guaan, n., 支氣管炎 bronchitis.
4. 支出 jy-chu, v.t., to pay out, take out (sum);
5. 支出 jy-chu, v.t., n., outlay, expenses, expenditures.
6. 支絀 jy-chuh, adj., short of money.
7. 支持 jy-chyr (jy-’chy) v.t., to support (leader, cause, campaign, theory, etc.).
8. 支取 jy-chyuu, v.t., to draw out (money).
9. 支點 jy-diaan, n., (phys.) fulcrum.
10. 支對 jy-dueih, v.t., (LL) to reply to question.
11. 支費 jy-feih, n., expenses.
12. 支付 jy-fuh, v.t., to disburse;
13. 支付 jy-fuh, v.t., to take out (sum.).
14. 支骸 jy-hair, n., human limbs and skeleton (＝肢骸).
15. 支招兒 jy-jau-’l, v.i., (coll.) to help to plan.
16. 支解 jy-jiee, v.t., (AC) to dismember (criminal) as form of punishment.
17. 支節 jy-jier, n., detail: 支節問題 problems of detail (also wr. 枝)
18. 支樁 jy-juang, v.i., (coll.) to stall an argument, to give non-commital reply.
19. 支柱 jy-juh, n., a propor supporting pillar.
20. 支楞 jy-’leng, v.t., to prick up (one’s ears).
21. 支離 jy-lir, adj., broken up, piecemeal: 支離散亂 all jumbled up;
22. 支離 jy-lir, adj. 支離破碎 all broken up, (of arguments) occupied with unimportant details;
23. 支離 jy-lir, adj. 言語支離 give ambiguous statements.
24. 支爐兒 jy-lur-’l, n., an earthen pan with holes, used over oven for baking cakes.
25. 支派 jy-paih, n., branch of family or school of thought.
26. 支配 jy-peih (jy-’pei), v.t., (1) to allot (money, manpower) , to have (time) available for service, to control, regulate (nation, resources, etc.).
27. 支票 jy-piauh, n., a check payable: 空頭支票 rubber check, overdrawn check without coverage in deposits;
28. 支票 jy-piauh, n., 保付支票 certified check;
29. 支票 jy-piauh, n., 櫃臺支票 counter check.
30. 支庶 jy-shuh, n., the collateral branches of family.
31. 支屬 jy-shuu, n., relatives from branches of family.
32. 支使 jy-’shy, v.t., to control: 為他所支使 be controlled by him.
33. 支吾 jy-wur (jy-’wu), v.i., to prevaricate, to stall with words: 你用話支吾他 make excuses with words to hold off s.o.;
34. 支吾 jy-wur (jy-’wu), v.i., (AC) to resist (＝枝梧)
35. 支應 jy-yihng (jy-’ying), v.t., (1) to control (receipts and disbursements);
36. 支應 jy-yihng (jy-’ying), v.t., (2) to keep on the lookout;
37. 支應 jy-yihng (jy-’ying), v.t., (3) see jy-wur↑.
38. 支移 jy-yir¹, v.i., to transfer fund for another purpose where it is needed.
39. 支頤 jy-jir², phr., to rest chin in palm or cheek in hand.
40. 支援 jy-yuaan, v.t., to support with money needed or send military reinforcements.
41. 支用 jy-yuhng, v.i., &t. to defray expenses.

麥 Num. Index: 10.82 maih . [Pop. of 麥 10.32]

□ Num. Index: 10.82 tsurng . [Var. of 叢 22.82]

楚 Num. Index: 10.83 chuu .

N. (1) (AC) a thistle.
(2) A punishing rod: 夏楚 (LL) spanking, spanking rod.
(3) Name of ancient kingdom, roughly modern Hupei: 楚材晉用 (allu.) a great person given important post by another country;
楚弓楚得 (楚人失弓，楚人得之) (AC) the King of Chuu lost a bow and gave up the serch, contenting himself with the thought that it was most probably found by one of his countrymen and therefore not a loss.
(4) A surname.

Adj. (1) Painful: 痛楚 pain, -ful
苦楚 (also v.t. & n.) a distress, distressed, to distress;
酸楚 pitiful, sad.
(2) Neat, clear: 清楚 clear;
楚楚 chuu-chuu↓.

Words 1. 楚囚 chuu-chiour, n., (allu.) a held prisoner, man in difficult straits.
2. 楚楚 chur-chuu, adj., (1) bright and clear;
3. 楚楚 chur-chuu, adj., (2) luxuriant;
4. 楚楚 chur-chuu, adj., (3) 楚楚可憐 delicate and touching (girl);
5. 楚楚 chur-chuu, adj., 楚楚動人 delicate and attractive.
6. 楚服 chuu-fur, n., (AC) full formal dress
7. 楚歌 chuu-ge, phr., 四面楚歌 (allu.) surrounded on all sides by enemy (who sang“the Songs of Chuu”).
8. 楚腰 chuu-yau, n., slender waist—from allu., the King of Chuu loved women with slender waistline.

踅 Num. Index: 10.83 shyuer (*chyh ).

V.i. (1) To go around, whirl around.
(2) (*chyh) (AC) to limp on one foot.

Words 1. 哲轉 shyuer-juaan, v.i., to go around (hill, etc.)
2. 哲溜風 shyuer-’liu-feng, v.i., a whirlwind.
3. 哲探 shyuer-tahn, v.i.,to go around from house to house.

疐 Num. Index: 10.83 jyh .

V.i. Totter (related 躓 40B.80).

迍 Num. Index: 10.83 jun .

Words 1. 迍邅 jun-jan, v.i., (AC) move forward with difficulty.

述 Num. Index: 10.83 shuh .

V.t. (1) To transmit, hand down: 述而不作 “I pass on (the ancient culture) and do not create”(Confucius).
(2) To narrate, to compose, express in writing: 𤉸述 to narrate, tell (what has happened, origin of conflicts, etc.);
述人之言 (LL) tell what s.o. said;
口述 dictate (book, speech) and have s.o. record it (筆錄);
陳述 to present (a case, reasons for action), to tell (story);
著述，述作 to write (books);
論述 to discuss (subjects);
行述 biographical sketch (of deceased).

Words 1. 述職 shuh-jy, v.i., to return to capital and report.
2. 述作 shuh-tzuoh, v.t. & n., to write;
3. 述作 shuh-tzuoh, v.t. & n., writings.

□ Num. Index: 10.83 shyuaan . [Abbr. of 選 52.83]

翅 Num. Index: 10.83 chyh .

N. (1) (’l)Wings: 振翅，展翅 flap wings.
(2) (chyh-tz) Fins, esp. 魚翅 sharks’ fins.

Words 1. 翅膀 chyh-baang, n., wings (of chicken, etc.)
2. 翅果 chyh-guoo, n., (bot.) winged seed vesels.

速 Num. Index: 10.83 suh .

V.t. To invite (s.o.): 不速之客 a guest who comes uninvited.

Adj. & adv. Quick, -ly, rapid, -ly: 迅速，快速 quickly: 快速公路 freeway;
火速，神速 as quickly as possible;
高速 supra-speed (highway);
加速 go faster, accelerate;
速為辦理 do it quickly;
速度，速率 suh-duh, suh-lyuh↓.

Words 1. 速成 suh-cherng, v.i. & adj., do hurriedly, cram: 速成科 a short course (in subject).
2. 速度 suh-duh, n., speed, velocity;
3. 速度 suh-duh, n., 速度計 (astron.) accelerometer.
4. 速駕 suh-jiah, adv., (invitation) to come early, start early on journey.
5. 速記 suh-jih, n., shorthand, stenography;
6. 速記 suh-jih, n., 速記員 stenographer.
7. 速客 suh-keh, v.i., to send servant to beg guest to come.
8. 速率 suh-lyuh, n., velocity, see-duh↑.
9. 速香 suh-shiang, n., perfume from gum of tropical trees.
10. 速寫 suhshiee, v.i. & n., (painting) sketch.

造 Num. Index: 10.83 tzauh (*tsauh ).

N. (1)One of the parties (to a contract, dispute, lawsuit): 兩造 both parties
(2)Era, epoch, period: 末造 in the latter days.
(3) (Also *tsauh) achievements, accomplishments: (AC) 小子有造 the young man has made a name for himself;
造詣 tzauh-yih², 造就 tzauh-jiouh↓;
高造 higher studies;
深造 higher specialized training.

V.t. (1) Establish, set up, build: 造邦 build up a nation, nation-building;
建造 construct;
營造 ditto;
承造 enter into a contract to build;
造屋，造橋，造船 build a house, bridge, ship;
修造 repair.
(2) Make, shape, manufacture, produce: 人造的 man-made, artificial;
人造花 artificial flowers;
造句子 make sentences;
造作 tzauh-tzuoh↓;
改造 reform, reshape, remodel, reconstruct;
天造的 natural;
自造 made by oneself;
造孽 tzauh-nieh,造反 tzauh-faan↓;
造福人群 confer benefits on society (one’s fellow-men), be a benefactor of mankind;
創造 create;
製造 manufacture.
(3) Fabricate: 造謠 tzauh-yaur↓;
造謠言 spread rumors;
造言 (AC) ditto;
捏造 fabricate, invent (a story, an alibi);
偽造 forge, falsify.
(4) Begin, commence, start: 造端 make a beginning;
造肇 make a start, get under way;
造始 come into being.
(5) (Also *tsauh) go to : 造府 call at your home;
造訪 pay a visit to;
造請 go to invite.
(6) Prepare (report, etc.): 造報，造具 tzauh-bauh, tzauh-jyuh↓.

Words 1. 造報 tzauh-bauh, v.i., compile a report on funds expended.
2. 造反 tzauh-faan, v.t., (1) to revolt, rebel: 造反了 this is rebellion!
3. 造反 tzauh-faan, v.t., (2) (of children) be noisy.
4. 造福 tzauh-fur, v.t., to benefit.
5. 造化 tzauh-huah, n., (1) the Creator, God;
6. 造化 tzauh-huah, n., (2) (*tzauh-’hua) fortune: 我們也沒有這麼大的造化 we have no such good fortune, are not so lucky.
7. 造就 tzauh-jiouh, v.t., (1) (sp. pr.’jiou) help (a promising person) to succeed in life;
8. 造就 tzauh-jiouh, v.t., (2) visit with;
9. 造就 tzauh-jiouh, v.t., (3) n., acccomplishments.
10. 造具 tzauh-jyuyh v.t., compile (tables, reports).
11. 造林 tzauh-lirn, v.i. & n., afforest (-ation).
12. 造命 tzauh-mihng, v.i., (LL) be the master of one’s or other people’s fate.
13. 造魔 tzauh-mor, v.i talk like a false prophet, rumor monger.
14. 造孽 tzauh-nieh, v.i., do evil, to sin (also wr. 造業);
15. 造孽 tzauh-nieh, v.i., (fig.) to do s.t. execrable.
16. 造像 tzauh-shiahng n., (1) a statue of the Buddha or of a god;
17. 造像 tzauh-shiahng n., (2) a photographic portrait;
18. 造像 tzauh-shiahng n., (3) v.i., to make a statue.
19. 造形藝術 tzauh-shirng yih-shuh, n., plastic arts.
20. 造士 tzauh-shyh, n., (LL) an accomplished scholar.
21. 造次 *tsauh-tsyh, adv., abruptly, quickly, without too much care.
22. 造罪 tzauh-tzueh, v.i., to sin, esp. against the gods.
23. 造作 tzauh-tzuoh, (1) v.t., make, manufacture;
24. 造作 tzauh-tzuoh, (2) adj., artificial, labored;
25. 造作 tzauh-tzuoh, (3) as in 矯揉造作 falsify, -fied, done for effect.
26. 造謠 tzauh-yaur, v.i., fabricate rumors.
27. 造意 tzauh-yih¹, n., concept, -tion of a piece of art or writing.
28. 造詣 tzauh-yih², (1) n., scholastic attainments;
29. 造詣 tzauh-yih², (2) v.t., call on, visit with.

逋 Num. Index: 10.83 bu [Dist. 捕 10A. 42]

V.i. & t. (1)To flee: 逋債 flee creditors.
(2) Owe, evade: 逋租 fail to pay rent;
逋欠，逋負 fail to pay debt.

Words 1. 逋逃 bu-taur, v.i., flee from justice;
2. 逋逃 bu-taur, v.i., 逋逃藪 asylum for refugees.
3. 逋竄 bu-tsuahn, v.i., run away from justice.
4. 逋亡 bu-warng, v.i., flee from justice.

逝 Num. Index: 10.83 shyh .

V.i. (1) To pass away, to flow on (as water, time): 逝水 flowing water;
日月逝矣 months and days have passed;
光陰飛逝 time flies, passes on.
(2) To die: 逝世 shyh-shyh↓;
逝沒，長逝，仙逝 (LL) pass away;
偕逝 die together.

Words 1. 逝止 shyh-jyy, v.i., (AC) stop or pass on.
2. 逝世 shyh-shyh, v.i., to pass away from this world.

逑 Num. Index: 10.83 chiour .

N. (AC) life mate: 君子好逑 a gentleman’s good mate.

連 Num. Index: 10.83 liarn . [Dist. 聯 same pr.=“unite”; 連=“continue”; interch. 鏈]

N. (1) A surname.
(2) (Mil.) a company: see 連長 liarn-jaang↓;
砲兵連 artillery corps.
(3) (AC) iron chain (u.f. 鏈).

V.i. & t. Join, continue: 相連 join or be joined together, continuous;
連續，連天 liarn-shyuh, liarn-tian↓;
連幵 continued, -ing, -uous;
連幵班兒 one after another, continuously, in a row;
連幵不停 without stop;
連三併四，接二連三 continuously, one after another.

Adj. & adv. Continuous, -ly, joined: 連年，連日，連天 year after year, day after day;
連連 continuous, -ly;
see 連□，連續 liarn-miarn, liarn-shyuh↓;
兵連禍結 continuous wars and turmoil;
連篇累牘 pages and pages (of persiflage);
連署 sign joint signatures;
連記法 liarn-jih-faa↓;
連名 (write letter, statement) with joint signatures;
in comb. 連…帶：連踢帶打 both kick and hit (a person);
連本帶利 both capital and interest.

Adv. Even: 連看都不一看 won’t even take a look;
連理都不理 won’t even pay any attention.

Prep. Even (used like 將，把，給 preceding objective n. or pron. and, like the above, making the vb. follow the object): 連你在內 that includes you, too;
連他一同去 go together,with him included;
usu. in comb. 連…也，or 連…都;
連話都不會說 can’t even talk;
連水也不喝 won’t even take water;
連自己兒女也殺了 killed even one’s own children;
連你也不是 you, too, will be blamed for this.

Words 1. 連璧 liarn-bih, phr., (of two good things) combined together.
2. 連城 liarn-cherng, n., a series of towns: 價同連城 very valuable, commanding a high price (worth a couple of towns together).
3. 連翹 liarn-chiaur (liarn-chiauh), n., (bot.) forsythia.
4. 連氣兒 liarn-chieh-’l, adv., in a fit of determination, anger, etc.: 一連氣兒告了三天假 asked for three day’s leave straight;
5. 連氣兒 liarn-chieh-’l, adv., 一連氣跑了三里路 ran for a mile at one stretch.
6. 連串（兒） liarn-chuahn (liarn-chuah-’l), n., a whole series (of disasters, mishaps).
7. 連帶 liarn-daih, adj., connected: 連帶關係 (two events) are connected.
8. 連號 liarn-hauh, n., (1) consecutive numbers;
9. 連號 liarn-hauh, n., (2) formerly, firms of same owner;
10. 連號 liarn-hauh, n., (3) the hyphen.
11. 連合 liarn-her, v.i. & adj., combine(d), join (efforts, pieces together);
12. 連合 liarn-her, v.i. & adj., cf. 聯^合 unite(d), 31S.22.
13. 連環 liarn-huarn, n., a chain of rings linked together: 連環計 strategy of making A cause B, B cause C, etc.);
14. 連環 liarn-huarn, n., 連環圖 comic strips.
15. 連長 liarn-jaang, n., company captian.
16. 連接 liarn-jie, v.i.& adj.,（happen) together, one after another: 連接見四個客人 receive four visitors in succession.
17. 連結 liarn-jier, v.i., to bind ,join up together (threads, clues, societies).
18. 連記法 liarn-jih-faa, n., system of booking accounts in parallel columns.
19. 連珠 liarn-ju, adj., joined like a string: 連珠炮 a string of firecrackers;
20. 連珠 liarn-ju, adj., 連珠箭 a volley of arrows.
21. 連綴 liarn-jueh, v.i., join together (pieces) to form a whole.
22. 連累 liarn-’lei, v.t., to cause or bring trouble to another: 連累了你 cause you inconvenience.
23. 連連 liarn-liarn, adv., continuously, in succession: 連連點頭 nod repeatedly.
24. 連理 liarn-lii, adj., in 連理枝 two trees with a joined branch;
25. 連理 liarn-lii, adj., (fig.) marital love.
26. 連絡 liarn-luoh, v.i. & t., as in 連絡某人 or 同他連絡 get in touch with(s.o.), keep in contact with, strengthen connections, (usu. 聯絡 preferred):連絡官 liaison officer.
27. 連忙 liarn-marng, adv., quickly, without hesitation.
28. 連綿 liarn-miarn, adj., continuous, -ly: 連綿不斷 without stop or break.
29. 連年 liarn-niarn, adv., year after year.
30. 連篇 liarn-pian, phr., whole essay, whole pages: 白字連篇 full of “misspelled” or incorrect forms of words;
31. 連篇 liarn-pian, phr., 連篇累牘 whole pages (of trite, insipid talk).
32. 連票 liarn-piauh, n., coupon.
33. 連譜 liarn-puu, n., person regarded as same branch (同宗) of clan (同姓).
34. 連任 liarn-rehn, v.i., serve second term of office.
35. 連日 liarn-ryh, adv., day after day (it rains, etc.)
36. 連心 liarn-shin adj., deeply attached to one another.
37. 連手 liarn-shoou v.i., take concerted action;
38. 連手 liarn-shoou v.i., (gambling) gang up to cheat.
39. 連書 liarn-shu, v.i., to write two or more syllables of a word together (as in Chin. alphabet 注音字母): 詞類連書 such practice ,socalled because the part of speech (詞類) then becomes clear.
40. 連署 liarn-shuu, v.i., sign jointly.
41. 連巿 liarn-shyh, v.i., to keep shop, business open on holidays.
42. 連史紙 liarn-shyr-jyy, n., a finequality paper, designed for letters, scrolls.
43. 連續 liarn-shyuh, adj. & adv., continuous, -ly: 連續下雨 rains continuously;
44. 連續 liarn-shyuh, adj. & adv., 連續犯 repeated offender.
45. 連鎖 liarn-suoo, adj., linked together: 連鎖關係 causally related;
46. 連鎖 liarn-suoo, adj., 連鎖反應 chain reaction.
47. 連臺 liarn-tair, n., (1) “continuous”theatrical performance;
48. 連臺 liarn-tair, n., (2) 打幾個連臺 work several shifts in succession.
49. 連天 liarn-tian, adj., & adv., (1) for days;
50. 連天 liarn-tian, adj., & adv., 連天陰雨 rainy for days;
51. 連天 liarn-tian, adj., & adv., (2) “touching the sky”;
52. 連天 liarn-tian, adj., & adv., 叫苦連天 cry to heavens;
53. 連天 liarn-tian, adj., & adv., 喊聲連天(＝震天) screams pierce the sky;
54. 連天 liarn-tian, adj., & adv., 大水連天 the flood reaches the horizon.
55. 連詞 liarn-tsyr, n., conjunction.
56. 連坐 liarn-tazoh, v.i., be punished as accomplice in crime.
57. 連延 liarn-yarn, v.i., & adj., stretch on , spread (as mountain range).
58. 連夜 liarn-yieh, adv., (1) the very same night;
59. 連夜 liarn-yieh, adv., (2) all night.
60. 連姻 liarn-nyin, n., relation by marriage.
61. 連語 liarn-yuu, n., a polysyllabic word, a compound word.

□ Num. Index: 10.83 your . [Pop. of 遊 6.83]

遨 Num. Index: 10.83 aur .

Words 1. 遨遊 aur-your, v.i., to roam about at pleasure, spend one’s time in idle pursuits.

麩 Num. Index: 10.83 fu . See □ 10S. 81.

湐 Num. Index: 10.83 miahn See □ 10S.50.

麵 Num. Index: 10.83 miahn See □ 10S.50.

麴 Num. Index: 10.83 chyur See 麴 10S.50.

鬱 Num. Index: 10.91 yuh [Var. 鬱，㛦]

N. A surname.

Adj. (1) Dense (forest): 鬱勃 yuh-bor↓;
鬱沉沉 very dense or deep.
(2)Melancholy, pent up, repressed in feeling: 鬱悶，鬱紆，鬱伊yuh-mehn, yuh-yu, yuh-yi↓.

Words 1. 鬱勃 yuh-bor, adj, dense (growth).
2. 鬱結 yuh-jier, adj., tied up, tangled up, depressed in feeling.
3. 鬱金 yuh-jin, n., (bot.) a fragrant herb, Curoma longa;
4. 鬱金 yuh-jin, n., also 鬱金香 tulip.
5. 鬱積 yuh-jir, adj., tangled up, see yuh-jier↑.
6. 鬱悶 juh-mehn, adj., depressed, melancholy.
7. 鬱塞 yuh-seh, adj., see yuh-jier↑ .
8. 鬱陶 yuh-taur, adj., (AC) longing, anguished.
9. 鬱伊 yuh-yi, adj., melancholy, depressed.
10. 鬱邑 yuh-jih, adj., ditto (also wr. 鬱悒).
11. 鬱紆 yuh-yu, adj., ditto.
12. 鬱郁 yuh-yuh¹, adj., fragrant.
13. 鬱燠 yuh-yuh², adj., (1) hot, murky (weather);
14. 鬱燠 yuh-yuh², adj., (2) melancholy.

10. charng. [Pop. of 長 51.02]

妻 Num. Index: 10.93 chi. (*chih ).

N. A wife: 妻女 wife and daughter(s);
妻帑，妻孥 (AC) wife and children;
妻小，妻兒老小 wife and family;
妻黨 wife’s relations (esp. those influential politically);
妻弟 wife’s brother;
賢妻良母 ideal type of womanhood as an understanding wife and loving mother;
妻財 money that bride brought with her.

V.t. (*chih) (AC) to marry a girl to (a person): 以其兄之女妻之 married his brother’s daughter to him.

Words 1. 妻舅 chi-jiouh, n., wife’s brother.
2. 妻室 chi-shyh, n., wife (and home).
3. 妻子 chi-tzyy n., (1) wife;
4. 妻子 chi-tzyy n., (2) wife and children: 妻離子散 family broken up.

婪 Num. Index: 10.93 larn .

N. Greed, avarice.

Adj. Greedy, avaricious: 貪婪.

Words 1. 婪酣 larn-han, adj., gluttonous.
2. 婪婪 larn-larn, adj., insatiably greedy.
3. 婪尾春 larn-weei-chun, n., (＝芍藥) (AC) the peony, the last of all flowers in spring;
4. 婪尾春 larn-weei-chun, n., 婪尾酒 larn-weei-jioou, n., (AC)the last cup of wine passed around among friends at a drinking party (also 籃尾酒，闌尾酒).

嫠 Num. Index: 10.93 lir .

N. A widow.

Words 1. 嫠婦 lir-fuh, n., (LL) widow.
2. 嫠節 lir-jier, n., (LL) chaste widowhood.

蜇 Num. Index: 10.93 jer .

N. 海蜇 jellyfish;
pressed and drid variety, usu. served cold on table.

V.t. (MC) bite (by insect) (cf. 螫 11.93).

□ Num. Index: 10.93 jyr . [Abbr. of 蟄11.93]

螯 Num. Index: 10.93 aur .

N. A crab’s nippers: 持螯把酒 enjoy a cup of wine eating crabs.

蠹 Num. Index: 10.93 duh . [Var. of □， □]

N. Insects that eat into clothing, books: 蠹魚 duh-yur↓;
書蠹 bookworm;
蠹吏 officials who fatten themselves on national treasury.

V.t. 蠹國害民 to eat up public funds and prey upon the people.

Words 1. 蠹魚 duh-yur, n., cloth-eating or book-eating insect, silverfish.

持 Num. Index: 10A.00-1 chyr .

V.i. & t. (1) To hold (pen, knife, etc.): 持筆 hold a pen… write;
持贈 to present gift with both hands.
(2) To hold fast, hold the ground, sustain: 把持 to monopolize (position, power);
相持不下 both hold their grounds, neither yielding.
(3) To manage, maintain: 主持 to head some undertaking;
持家，主持家政 manage the home, household;
維持 maintain, keep s.t. going;
維持㪫面 maintain the front;
保持 maintain (status, distance), guard (treasure, tradition);
支持，扶持 sustain, support (person to stand up, tottering regime, etc.).
(4) To hold by force: 劫持 hold for ransom;
挾持 control s.o. in one’s power (as emperor by warlord).

Words 1. 持法 chyr-faa, v.i., maintain the law: 持法森嚴 administer sharp justice.
2. 持服 chyr-fur, v.i., resign and stay at home during parents’ mourning of three years.
3. 持更 chyr-geng, v.i., keep night watch by sounding drum at intervals.
4. 持衡 chyr-herng, (1) v.i., (LL) maintain standard by criticism of events, personalities;
5. 持衡 chyr-herng, (2) adj., balanced (criticism).
6. 持齊 chyr-jai, v.i., keep vegetarian fast.
7. 持正 chyr-jehng, v.i., support what is right.
8. 持家 chyr-jia, v.i., (1) run a household;
9. 持家 chyr-jia, v.i., (2) maintain family fortune and status.
10. 持戒 chyr-jieh, v.i., (Budd.) observe monastic rules.
11. 持節 chyr-jier, v.i., be sent abroad as ambassador (see 節 92A.22).
12. 持久 chyr-jioou, v.i., hold out long, last: 不能持久 this will not last;
13. 持久 chyr-jioou, v.i., 持久戰 protracted warfare, war of endurance.
14. 持重 chyr-juhng, v.i., act with gravity, not flighty or frivolous: 老成持重 experienced and steady (person).
15. 持祿 chyr-luh, v.i., hold sinecure jobs.
16. 持論 chyr-luhn, v.i., hold views: 持論公平 hold impartial views.
17. 持滿 chyr-maan v.i., be pround of oneself or of success.
18. 持平 chyr-pirng, v.i., hold just views: 持平之論 a balanced view.
19. 持身 chyr-shen, v.i., conduct oneself (properly).
20. 持行 chyr-shirng, v.i. & n., (Budd.) conduct.
21. 持續 chyr-shyuh, v.i., carry on.
22. 持養 chyr-yaang, v.i., take good care (of health), cultivate spiritual regimen.
23. 持盈 chyr-yirng, v.i., maintain a good luck or success: 持盈保泰 maintain good luck by restraint.

搏 Num. Index: 10A.00-1 bor . [Dist. 搏]

V.t. To strike, pounce upon, attack physically, catch (prey): 搏影 beat at shadows ( cf. 捕^風捉影 10.A.42);
搏手 (AC) slap one’s hand helplessly;
搏膺 (AC), beat one’s chest=modn. 拍胸，肉搏 hand-to-hand fight.

Words 1. 搏𥌓 bor-douh, n., physical fight;
2. 搏𥌓 bor-douh, n., fisticuffs.
3. 搏風 bor-feng, n., cornice work under eaves.

摶 Num. Index: 10A.00-1 tuarn .

V.t. (AC) to knead (rice, etc.);
to turn s.t. round.

擣 Num. Index: 10A.00-1 daau . [Var. 搗 10A.50]

V.t. To pound: 擣衣 washing clothing by beating it on stone slab;
擣米 hull rice in mortar;
beat (enemy).

Words 1. 擣虛 daau-shyu, v.i., attack enemy at his weakest.

掎 Num. Index: 10A.00-1 jii .

V.t. Drag, pull: see compp.↓.

Words 1. 掎摭 jii-jer, v.t., draw near and take in one’s hand: 掎摭星宿 reach up for the stars;
2. 掎摭 jii-jer, v.t., 掎摭病利 distinguish between advantages and disadvantages.
3. 掎角 jii-jyuer, v.i., (of troops) bedeployed for attack from different sides.

撐 Num. Index: 10A.00-2 cheng . [Var. 牚，壠]

V.i. & t. (1) To prop up, to support from under: 支撐 ditto;
撐住 cheng-juh↓;
撐場面 to maintain the front or appearance: 撐起枕頭來 fill out the pillow (with cotton wool).
(2) To punt a boat: 撐竿，撐篙 punting pole;
撐搖 to work the sweeps of a boat.
(3) To stretch tight, to burst: 肚子撐的慌 stomach is bursting;
撐病了 sick with bursting pressure, breakdown due to overwork;
把門都撐破了 (crowd) bursts open the door.

Words 1. 撐竿 cheng-gan, n., a punting pole;
2. 撐竿 cheng-gan, n., 撐竿跳 (高) pole vault.
3. 撐住 cheng-juh, v.t., to set up with props: 撐不住 cannot hold it up.
4. 撐住 cheng-juu, v.t., to prop from under.
5. 撐柜 cheng-jyuh, v.t., to prop against.
6. 撐開 cheng-kai(’kai), v.t., to push open.

捯 Num. Index: 10A.00-3 daur . [Dist. 倒 91A.00]

V.t. Pick up thread: 這案子已捯出點頭緒來 have found certain clues in this case;
捯線 draw in thread in flying kite.

Words 1. 捯氣（兒） daur-chih (daur-chieh-’l), v.i., talk garrulously;
2. 捯氣（兒） daur-chih (daur-chieh-’l), v.i., feel short of breath.
3. 捯飭 daur-’chy, v.i., (of woman) touch up appearance: 捯飭捯飭 doll up a little.

打 Num. Index: 10A.00-3 daa .

N. A dozen (eggs, etc.).

V.i. & t. (1) To strike (a bell): 鐘打一下 the clock strikes one;
打鈴 press a bell.
(2) To fight: 打架，打仗 daa-jiah, daa-jahng↓: 打嘴巴 give a slap on the mouth.
(3) Hunt, fetch, purchase: 打魚 to fish, esp. as a profession;
打獵 to hunt;
打油，打酒 to purchase some oil, wine;
打柴 to cut wood (from the mountain);
打洗臉水 fetch a basin of water;
打水 to fetch water;
打冰 to fetch ice from frozen river.
(4) To make article by weaving, plaiting, knitting or forging: 打毛衣 knit a sweater;
打辮子 plaint a queue;
打一把刀 (blacksmith) make or shape a knife;
打金鐲子，銀筷子 have a gold bracelet, silver chopsticks made.
(5) To do or make some kind of action, to send, put through,put on, etc.: 打電話 make a telephone call;
打電報 send a telegram: 打游擊 fight a guerrilla war, hit and run in different directions, also (fig.) obtain benefits by various means;
打成一片 to merge with, to become a harmonious whole, to be in line;
打主意 make a decision;
打招呼 say“hello”on the street;
打噴嚏 make a sneeze;
打個照面 meet person face to face;
打稿，打底子 maker a draft;
打官司 file or get into a lawsuit;
打合同 make a contract;
打官腔，打官話 put person off by talking formalities as an excuse (“we are not allowed to ,etc.”);
see compp. & phrr.
(6) To play (games, mahjong, etc.): 打牌 daa-pair↓;
打跟斗 turn a somersault;
打彈子 play billiard;
打鞦韆 sit on swing;
打燈謎 guess riddles as party game.
(7) To carry: 打旗子 carry a flag;
打著傘 carry an umbrella opened;
打燈籠 carry a lantern lighted.

Prep. From: 打甚麼地方來的 where does one come from? 打那兒說起 where am I to begin (telling a story)?

Words 1. 打熬 daa-aur, v.i., to harden body through endurance;
2. 打熬 daa-aur, v.i., to endure.
3. 打靶（子） dar-baa(tz), phr., practise shooting;
4. 打靶（子） dar-baa(tz), phr., engage in target practice.
5. 打擺子 dar-baai-tz, phr., have an attack of malaria.
6. 打扮 daa-bahn, v.i. & n., make up, to dress: 她打扮的很美 she dresses very prettily.
7. 打包 daa-bau, n. & v.i., packing;
8. 打包 daa-bau, n. & v.i., to pack.
9. 打奔兒 daa-be-’l, v.i., to make a slip in recital.
10. 打扁兒 daa-biaa-’l, v.i., to lose appetite, (patient) to have difficulty in swallowing.
11. 打邊鼓 daa-bian-guu, v.i., to spread or circulate praise of actor,etc.
12. 打補子 dar-buu-tz, v.i., (person) bo be used as a substitute.
13. 打吵子 dar-chaau-tz, v.i., to make a row, create a lot of noise.
14. 打喳喳 daa-cha’cha, v.i., to talk in whisper.
15. 打岔 daa-chah, v.i., to interrupt a conversation;
16. 打岔 daa-chah, v.i., to talk off the mark.
17. 打茶圍 daa-char-weir, v.i., to have a visit or round of visits in brothels and have tea.
18. 打搶 dar-chiaang, v.i., to loot.
19. 打千（兒） daa-chian(daa-chia-’l), v.i., to make a greeting by dipping the body, hands at the sides.
20. 打錢 daa-chiarn, phr., (1) place money on table for bet;
21. 打錢 daa-chiarn, phr., (2) (acrobats) to collect cash from onlookers;
22. 打錢 daa-chiarn, phr., (3) to collect debts.
23. 打前失 daa-chiarn-’shy, v.i., (esp. horse) to trip, to stumble.
24. 打旗兒的 daa-chier-’l-’de, n., (Chin. opera) foot soldiers and retinue.
25. 打氣 daa-chih, v.t., (1) to inflate (tire);
26. 打氣 daa-chih, v.t., (2) to boost morale.
27. 打起 dar-chii, v.t., to lift up: 打起精神 to buck up, brace up energy.
28. 打秋風 daa-chiou-feng, phr., to obtain gifts of money (as by sending obituary notices around to mere acquaintances), to collect tips on occasions (lit., “have a windfall”).
29. 打抽豐 daa-chou-fing, phr., ditto.
30. 打出手兒 daa-chu-shoou-’l, phr., (Chin. opera) throw weapons back and forth on stage (also called 過傢伙).
31. 打拳 daa-chyuarn, v.i., to box as sport.
32. 打趣 daa-chyuh, v.i., to make fun, indulge in raillery.
33. 打倒 dar-daau, phr., to overthrow (regime);
34. 打倒 dar-daau, phr., (in slogans) “down with.”
35. 打當 daa-dang, v.i. & t., to put in order, to pack up.
36. 打道 daa-dauh, v.i., to open the way.
37. 打點 dar-’dian, (1) v.t., to pack up (luggage);
38. 打點 dar-’dian, (2) to ask a third party to speak on one’s behalf, usu. implying sending bribes.
39. 打疊 daa-dier, v.i., to arrange (things) in order.
40. 打地攤兒 daa-dih-ta-’l, phr., to fall down flat on ground
41. 打短兒 dar-duaa-’l, phr., to pick up odd jobs for living;
42. 打短兒 dar-duaa-’l, phr., to appear in jacket and trousers.
43. 打動 daa-duhng, v.t., to strike, to arouse: 給這番話打動了 was struck or roused to action by these words.
44. 打賭 dar-duu, v.i., to bet, wager.
45. 打盹 (兒) dar-duun(dar-duee-’l), v.i., to take a nap, to doze off.
46. 打發 daa-’fa, v.i. & t., (1) to send (s.o. to go);
47. 打發 daa-’fa, v.i. & t., (2) to dismiss (personnel);
48. 打發 daa-’fa, v.i. & t., (3) to send (person) away by yielding to request or by force.
49. 打高空 daa-gau-kung, phr., to embellish narrative or rumors.
50. 打嗝（兒） daager(’l), v.i., to hiccup.
51. 打躬 daa-gung, v.i., to make a deep bow.
52. 打鼓 dar-guu, v.i., to beat the drum: 心况直在打鼓 have“butterflies in the stomach”－of excitement.
53. 打滾（兒） dar-guun(dar-guee’l) v.i., to frolic, roll on the ground.
54. 打哈哈 daa-ha’ha, v.i., to laugh out loud;
55. 打哈哈 daa-ha’ha, v.i., to make fun.
56. 打鼾 daa-han, v.i., to snore.
57. 打夯 daa-hang, v.i., to drill piles in construction (from rhythmic cries of workmen “hangah!”)
58. 打晃兒 daa-huahng-’l, v.i., to sway one’s body before falling down.
59. 打諢 daa-huhn, v.i., to indulge in raillery, to mock in fun.
60. 打夥 dar-huoo, v.i., to pool resources, joint make a enterprise.
61. 打火機 dar-huoo-ji, n., lighter.
62. 打戰 daa-jahn, v.i., to shiver;
63. 打戰 daa-jahn, v.i., to engage in war.
64. 打仗 daa-jahng, v.i., to fight each other;
65. 打仗 daa-jahng, v.i., to fight a war.
66. 打針 daa-jen, v.i., to have an injection.
67. 打攪 dar-jiaau, v.t., to disturb;
68. 打攪 dar-jiaau, v.t., (court.) to trouble (person), to take person’s time.
69. 打架 daa-jiah, v.i., to fight, engage in a broil.
70. 打價兒 daa-jiah-’l, v.i., to haggle.
71. 打尖 daa-jian, v.i, to have a snack and rest during journey.
72. 打交道 daa-jiau-’dau, v.i., do s.t. as a social act or for friendship’s sake.
73. 打醮 daa-jiauh, v.i., say (Taoist, Budd.) mass for departed souls.
74. 打劫 daa-jier, v.i., to loot.
75. 打緊 dar-jiin, (1) v.i., as in 不打緊 does not matter, of no importance;
76. 打緊 dar-jiin, (2) adj., critical, urgent.
77. 打更 daa-jing, v.i., to patrol streets at night and announce the watches (1 to 5) of the night.
78. 打擊 daa-jir, n., a setback blow, v.t., to deal a blow.
79. 打轉兒 daa-juah-’l, v.i., to turn round and round.
80. 打住 daa-juh, v.i., to stop;
81. 打住 daa-juh, v.i., (oft. vocative) “stop!”
82. 打開 daa-kai (daa-’kai) v.i., to open up.
83. 打撈 daa-lau, v.i., to draw dragnet for recovering things in water.
84. 打雷 daa-leir, v.i., to thunder (as “it thunders”).
85. 打量 daa-liahng, v.i., conjecture.
86. 打罵 daa-mah, v.i., to beat and scold (person).
87. 打抹 dar-moo, v.t., to wipe (shoes, dust).
88. 打鬧 daa-nauh, v.i., to make a row, create trouble.
89. 打牌 daa-pair, v.i., to play,cards.
90. 打耙 daa-par, v.i., (coll) to change one’s mind.
91. 打破 daa-poh, v.t., to break: 打破紀錄 break records;
92. 打破 daa-poh, v.t., 打破迷信 destroy superstitions.
93. 打擾 der-raau, v.t., see-jiaau↑.
94. 打閃 dar-shaan, v.i., lightning flashes.
95. 打閒 daa-shiarn, v.i., to be unemployed.
96. 打消 daa-shiau, v.t., to cancel, withdraw (a decision, etc.)
97. 打手 dar-shoou, n., a bodyguard, employed for committing violence (throwing people out, etc.).
98. 打旋兒 daa-shyuarn-’l, v.i., to turn round and round.
99. 打算 daa-suahn, v.i., intend, have a mind to: 你打算怎樣 what do you intend to do?
100. 打算盤 daa-suah-’pan, v.i., to calculate costs or gains.
101. 打探 daa-tahn, v.t., to find out.
102. 打胎 daa-tai, phr., to cause abortion.
103. 打鐵的 dar-tiee-’de, n., a blacksmith.
104. 打挺兒 dar-tiing-’l, v.t., to stand up straight in gesture of defiance.
105. 打聽 daa-’ting, v.i., & t., to find out (news, happenings).
106. 打從 daa-tsurng, prep , from, (to come) from.
107. 打退 daa-tueih, v.t., to defeat troops, to send rolling back.
108. 打通 daa-tung, v.t., to break through (hindrances): 打通關節 to bribe officials in charge.
109. 打雜（兒） daa-tzar(’l), v.i.& n., serve as handy man, run errands.
110. 打嘴 dar-tzueei, v.i., to give a slap in the face;
111. 打嘴 dar-tzueei, v.i., (fig.) to break one’s promise, to lose“face.”
112. 打坐 daa-tzuoh, v.i., (Budd.) to go into meditations;
113. 打坐 daa-tzuoh, v.i., to sit in crossed-leg position as physical regimen.
114. 打總兒 dar-tzuung-’l, adv., altogether.
115. 打字 daa-tzyh, v.i., to type;
116. 打字 daa-tzyh, 打字員 daa-tzyh-yuan, n., typist;
117. 打字 daa-tzyh, 打字機 daa-tzyh-ji, n., typewriter.
118. 打圍 daa-weir, v.i., to hunt.
119. 打樣（兒）（子） daa-yahng(’l)(tz), n., printer’s proof;
120. 打樣（兒）（子） daa-yahng(’l)(tz), n., construction model.
121. 打牙兒 daa-yar’l, v.i., chat at people’s expense.
122. 打噎 daa-ye, v.i., to hiccup.
123. 打油詩 daa-your-shy, n., a light poem, satiric poetry (similar to limerick).

抒 Num. Index: 10A.00-3 shu .

V.t. (1) To pour out, give relief, unburden (feelings): 抒情，抒意 shu-chirng, shu-yih↓.
(2) To untie, straighten (difficulties): 抒難 shu-nahn↓, (related 舒 to relax).

Words 1. 抒情 shu-chirng, v.i., to express feelings, sentiments: 抒情詩 lyric poetry.
2. 抒難 shu-nahn, v.i., to allay troubles, settle difficulties, give relif (also wr. 紓難).
3. 抒念 shu-niahn, v.i., allay friend’s anxiety.
4. 抒意 shu-yih, v.i., to express thoughts, ideas.

捌 Num. Index: 10A.00-4 ba . [Var. of 扒]

N. “Spelling out” of character for 八, used in checks to avoid mistakes.

V.t. To pull apart, break: 捌開＝擘開.

撏 Num. Index: 10A.00-5 shyurn .

V.t. To take hold of, to pick (hair).

Words 1. 撏扯 shyurn-chee, v.t., to get hold of (some trifle, minor defect,(also wr. 撏撦).

捫 Num. Index: 10A.00-5 mern .

V.t. Touch, feel by hand: 捫心自問 examine one’s own conscience;
捫心無愧 honestly feel I have not done anything wrong;
捫蝨而談 (allu.) attitude of complete informality during conversation (“while scratching for lice on body”).

Words 1. 捫搎 mern-’sun, v.i., feel by hand, grope.

撋 Num. Index: 10A.00-5 ruarn .

V.t. (1) Demolish, destroy.
(2) Rub with both hands.

擱 Num. Index: 10A.00-5 ge .

V.t. (1) To place, lay, keep, preserve: 擱在桌子上 put on the table;
擱在冰箱况 keep (s.t.) in the refrigerator;
這屋子太小，擱不下這麼多東西 the room is too small for so many things;
擱好 place in a safe place;
大熱天魚和肉都擱不住的 fish and meat won’t keep on very hot days;
把這些文件給我擱起來 please file these papers for me.
(2) To postpone, shelve, delay, put aside: 事還沒辦完，怎麼能擱得下呢 how can you put it aside, as it isn’t finished yet? 擱置 ge-jyh, 擱淺 ge-chiaan, 擱筆 ge-bii↓;
揸擱 to delay;
延擱 postpone.

Words 1. 擱筆 ge-bii, v.i., (of writers) stop writing either temporarily or for good (lit., “put down the pen”).
2. 擱淺 ge-chiaan, v.i., (of ships) run aground, (fig.) held up by some obstacle.
3. 擱置 ge-jyh, v.t., to put in place, put off.

攔 Num. Index: 10A.00-5 larn .

V.t. To bar, separate, cut off, hinder, obstruct: 遮攔 to screen, cut off from;
阻攔 hinder, obstruct;
攔住 stop, hold back;
攔不了 cannot be stopped or held back;
攔著 hinder or bar;
攔擋 larn-daang, 攔阻 larn-tzuu, 攔截larn-jier, 攔開 larn-kai↓;
攔門 bar the gateway;
攔路 bar the road;
攔街阻路 obstruct traffic;
攔路虎 a highwayman;
攔門牆兒 just talk for form’s sake (not to be taken seriously);
攔勸 larn-chyuahn↓;
攔腰抱住 hold (s.o.) by the waist, usu. from behind.

Words 1. 攔勸 larn-chyuahn, v.t., dissuade from.
2. 攔擋 larn-daang, v.t., restrain (s.o.), stop, persuade not to.
3. 攔撌 larn-gueih, n., a shop counter.
4. 攔截 larn-jier, v.t., (＝闌截) intercept, hinder ,cut off.
5. 攔開 larn-kai, v.t., break off (fight).
6. 攔阻 larn-tauu, v.t., hinder, obstruct.

擰 Num. Index: 10A.00-6 nirng (*niing *nihng ).

V.t. (1) To wring, pinch: 擰毛巾 wring out the towel;
擦乾 wring (s.t.) dry;
擰他的嘴 pinch his lips (threat to s.o. thought to have lied);
擰腿 pinch(s.o.’s)leg.
(2) 擰眉瞪眼, 擰眉立目 (lit.) raise one’s eyebrows and stare in anger.
(3) (*niing) To wrench, twist or pull violently: 擰開門鎖 wrench a locked door open.

Adj. (1) (*niing) Wrong, mistaken: 擰了 make mistake, make a correction;
(n.,) 擰兒 a difference of opinion: 他們倆有點擰兒.
(2) (*nigng) 擰性 stubborn by nature;
擰種 such a stubborn fellow!

Words 1. 擰簧 *niing-huarng, v.i., & t., make a mistake;
2. 擰簧 *niing-huarng, v.i., & t., to spoil s.t. by mistake.
3. 擰𧩓 *niing-tsung, v.i., ditto.

撙 Num. Index: 10A.00-8 tzuun .

V.i. & t. Economize.

Words 1. 撙節 tzuun-jier, v.i. & t., economize, cut down expense.
2. 撙省 tzuun-’sheng, v.i.& t., ditto.

揄 Num. Index: 10A.00-8 yur (*your ).

V.t. (1)To lift, raise.
(2) Flap (long sleeves).
(3) (*your) 或舂或揄(AC) some pound the rice in mortar and some winnow it.

Words 1. 揄揚 yur-yarng, v.t., to praise, make known s.o.’s merits.

捋 Num. Index: 10A.00-9 leh (*lyuu , *luo ).

V.t. (1) Pick, take.
(2) Stroke, rub hands (also *lyuu): 捋鬍鬚 stroke one’s beard and whiskers;
捋虎鬚 pluck the tiger’s whiskers;
(fig.) be foolhardy, do ( s.t) to offend the powerful;
摩捋 rub one’s own hands.
(3) (*luo) Pinch, squeeze off: 捋樹葉兒 rub and crush leaves;
捋汗 wipe off sweat;
捋胳膊 pinch and rub the arms;
捋奶 to milk (cow) by pinching and squeezing nipples.

掙 Num. Index: 10A.00-9 jeng (*jehng ).

V.i. (1) To struggle to free oneself or s.t., to stretch, push and pull:掙開 free oneself or s.t. from tangle;
掙壞了 tear by too much pulling;
掙扎 jeng-jar↓.
(2) (*jehng) To earn, to obtain by struggle or effort: 掙錢，掙命 jehng-chiarn, jehng-mihng↓;
掙來的 it is earned (not given).

Words 1. 掙錢 *jehng-chiarn, v.i., to earn money: 掙多少錢 how much have you earned
2. 掙扎 jeng-jar, n. & v.i., (to) struggle (for goal);
3. 掙扎 jeng-jar, n. & v.i., to suffer privations and hardships in order to reach goal.
4. 掙命（兒） *jehang-mihng(’l), v.i., make a life-and death struggle.

拊 Num. Index: 10A.00-9 fuu . [Cf.撫 10A.63]

V.t. (1) To strike, slap, beat: 拊手，拊掌 (大笑) slap hands (and laugh), also wr. 撫;
拊心，拊膺 beat one’s chest;
拊髀 (LL) slap one’s thigh;
拊背扼喉 (AC) (of strategic post) have a squeeze hold on enemy (“slap back and strangle throat”).
(2) (Var. of 撫)拊循 to pat in a comforting gesture.

抹 Num. Index: 10A.01-1 moo (*moh ). [Cogn. 摸 mo , 10A.81]

V.t. (1) To brush off, wipe clean, wipe off: 抹抹桌椅 wipe tables and chairs;
抹掉灰塵 dust off;
抹眼淚，鼻涕 wipe off tears, mucus;
抹了良心 ignore conscience, be ruthless;
抹零兒 wipe off decimals, forget the small change.
(2) To smear, apply on: 抹粉 apply powder;
塗脂抹粉 apply facial make-up;
抹泥 (*moh) smear mud;
抹水泥 (*moh) apply cement;
抹稀泥 soften a person’s anger by gentle words;
抹了一鼻子灰 get an awkward rebuff;
山抹微雲 (*moh) the hills touched with a wisp of clouds.
(3) To play (mahjong): 抹骨牌 (running hand over the pieces).
(4) (moo or *moh) To straighten one’s face: 抹下臉來.
(5) (*moh) To turn: 抹頭進屋况去 turned one’s head and went in;
抹過林子 turn past a grove;
轉彎抹角 turn at different corners.

Words 1. 抹（了）脖子 moo(’le)bor-tz, phr., (facet.) commit suicide.
2. 抹佈 moo-buh, n., dishcloth, rag for wiping tables.
3. 抹膩 moo-’ni, adj., very neat and precise.
4. 抹殺 moo-sha, v.t., annihilate: 抹殺事實 ignore or suppress certain facts (also wr. 抹煞，抹摋).
5. 抹香鯨 moh-shiang-jing, n., big whale, Physeter macrocephalus, so named on account of ambergris 龍涎香， aromatic substance found in its intestines.
6. 抹胸 *moh-shyung, n., formerly, woman’s vest for pressing down and concealing breasts.
7. 抹子 moo-tz, n., mason’s spade for applying mortar.

揀 Num. Index: 10A.01-1 jiaan .

V.t. (1) Choose, select: 揀擇 choose, pick out;
揀派 select and appoint;
揀選 select, choose for office;
挑揀 select, pick out;
揀好的 choose the best, select a good one (the better ones).
(2) (Interch.撿) pick up, gather: 撿起來 pick (s.t.) up;
撿到（來）的 (of things) obtained without working for it, acquired through luck;
揀柴 gather firewood;
揀破爛的 a ragpicker;
揀煤渣 pick unburnt coal from cinders;
揀香煙頭 make a living by picking cigaret ends;
揀到便宜 get the better of a bargain.

捺 Num. Index: 10A.01-1 nah .

N. (Chin. calling.) a slanting downward stroke towards the right.

v.t. To press with force: 捺印 put the seal on (a document, etc.);
按捺 restrain, keep (s.t.) down with force;
捺指印 take fingerprints.

Words 1. 捺瑟 nah-seh, n., a set of clapping boards, used for marking rhythm, esp. in monologue story telling (大鼓), also called 檀板 sandalwood boards.

撩 Num. Index: 10A.01-1 liaur (*liau ).

V.t. (1) Take or stir lightly: 撩動肝火 stir up s.o.’s anger (“bile fire”);
撩動春情 stir up love in young person;
撩情 liaur-chiring↓;
撩醒 wake up;
撩戰 challenge to battle;
撩撥，撩逗 liaur-bo, liaur-douh↓.
(2) (*liau) To lift up (dress, skirt, curtain): 撩開，撩起衣裳;
to sprinkle water with fingers: 撩水.
(3) (*liau) To throw a quick glance: 輕輕撩了他一眼 .

Words 1. 撩撥 liaur-bo, v.i., to incite to trouble;
2. 撩撥 liaur-bo, v.i., to stir up sentiments.
3. 撩情 liaur-chirng, v.i., to flirt.
4. 撩逗 liaur-douh, v.i., see-bo↑.
5. 撩亂 liaur-luahn, adj., in confusion.
6. 撩人 liaur-rern, adj., stirring, moving.

搽 Num. Index: 10A.01-2 char (also tsa ).

v.i. & t. To wipe, rub, smear, apply: 搽起來 rub off s.t.;
搽佈 rag for wiping;
搽口紅，搽胭脂 put on lipstick or rouge;
搽藥膏 apply ointment to skin (also wr. 擦).

摽 Num. Index: 10A.01-3 biau (*biauh *piaau ). [Var. of 標 in 摽牌，摽幟 ]

V.i. & t. (1) (*piaau) (AC) dismiss with a hand gesture.
(2) (*biauh) (Coll.) lock together: 他們倆摽著骼髆走 they walk locked arm in arm;
兩條腿摽得很緊 the two legs locked tight togeter;
(coll.) snuggle close.

Words 1. 摽梅 *piaau-meir, phr., (AC) marriageable age of girls.
2. 摽牌 biau-pair, n., rattan shield, ancient weapon of defense.

揉 Num. Index: 10A.01-3 rour .

V.t. (1) Rub: 揉揉眼睛 rub one’s eyes;
揉一揉 rub gently;
揉出淚來 cause tears to flow by too much rubbing;
揉捺 to massage.
(2) Knead: 揉麵 knead dough;
揉成一團 to roll into a mass by kneading;
揉碎 crush into pieces with hands.

Adj. Mixed, mingled, confused: 揉雜 disordered, jumbled, intermingled.

Words 1. 揉兒舖 rour-’l-puh, n., a secondhand goods shop dealing in jewels.
2. 揉輪 rour-lurn, v.i., bend wood and shape it into wheels.
3. 揉搓 rour-’tsuo, v.t., (1) to roll between hands;
4. 揉搓 rour-’tsuo, v.t., (2) to play with, make fun of, put through trials and tribulations.

搡 Num. Index: 10A.01-3 saang .

V.t. To push: 被人搡了一交 was pushed and fell down.

搎 Num. Index: 10A.01-3 sun .

V.i. See 捫 ^ □ 10A.00.

操 Num. Index: 10A.01-4 tsau (*tsauh ).

N. (1) (Also *tsauh) integrity, moral principle in person’s conduct: 操守，操作，操節tsau-shoou, tsau-shihng, tsau-jier↓;
志操 a person’s stern principles.
(2) Drill, exercise: 兵操，軍操 military drill;
閱操 review troops;
體操 physical exercise.
(3) A song played on 琴 chirn.
(4) Name of famous historical person 曹操 (pr. *tsauh).

V.t. (1) To hold (weapon, moral principle): 操刀，操劍 to hold a knife, sword;
操戈 tsau-ge↓;
操持，操守 tsau-chyr, tsau-shoou↓.
(2) To run (a boat, a firm), to control: 操縱 tsau-tzuhng↓.
(3) To carry a profession: 操業 ditto;
操醫業 pratice medicine;
操作 tsau-tzuoh↓.
(4) To drill (troops), exercise (body): 操演，操練 tsau-yaan, tsau-liahn↓.
(5) To speak a certain language: 操英語 speak English.

Words 1. 操傷 tsau-chaang, n., drill ground.
2. 操切 tsau-chieh, v.i., to be overfastidious, control too tightly.
3. 操琴 tsau-chirn, v.i., play on chirn instrument.
4. 操持 tsau-chyr (tsau-’chy), v.t., to manage (business, shop);
5. 操持 tsau-chyr (tsau-’chy), v.t., to control or guide (conduct).
6. 操券 tsau-chyuahn, v.i., “hold the card”—be sure to succeed.
7. 操戈 tsau-ge, v.i., “hold spear”: 同室操戈 internecine fight.
8. 操觚 tsau-gu, v.i., (LL) (1) to write (AC觚=a strip for writing);
9. 操觚 tsau-gu, v.i., (2) practise a profession or craft.
10. 操勞 tsau-laur, v.i., to work hard at domestic chores, to labor intensively.
11. 操練 tsau-liahn (tsau-’lian), v.t. & n., to drill, a drill.
12. 操履 tsau-lyuu, n., upright personal conduct.
13. 操神 tsau-shern, v.i., to tax the mind or energy.
14. 操行 tsau-shihng (*tsauh-shihng), n., moral conduct.
15. 操心 tsau-shin, v.i., (1) to worry;
16. 操心 tsau-shin, v.i., (2) to harbor certain ideas.
17. 操守 tsau-shoou (*tsauh-shoou), n., a person’s moral principles, personal integrity.
18. 操縱 tsau-tzuhng, v.i., & t., to control (another’s movements): 受人操縱 be contrloued by others;
19. 操縱 tsau-tzuhng, v.i., & t., pull the lines (as in marionette);
20. 操縱 tsau-tzuhng, v.i., & t., manipulate, control (stock market, etc.).
21. 操作 tsau-tzuoh, (1) n., work, esp. manual or household work;
22. 操作 tsau-tzuoh, (2) v.t., operate, manipulate, handle (process, machine, etc.).
23. 操演 tsau-yaan (tsau-’yan), n. & v. i., (hold) military exercise;
24. 操演 tsau-yaan (tsau-’yan), n. & v. i., athletic practice, etc.

掠 Num. Index: 10A.01-6 lyueh .

N. The long left slanting stroke in calligraphy.

V.i. & t. (1) To ransack, sack;
rob: 掠食 hunt for food;
掠人 capture and take away inhabitants;
掠地 take away territory;
掠奪，掠取，劫掠，搶掠 to rob;
不敢掠美 dare not conceal debt to another author or previous work-acknowledge such debt.
(2) To pass quickly: 掠過，掠面一過 pass lightly like wind, brush past.
(3) To lash: 掠笞 lash (s.o.) with whip.

擦 Num. Index: 10A.01-6 tsa .

V.i. & t. (1) To rub, wipe as with rag, mop, polish: 擦鞋 to polish shoes;
擦槍 clean refle;
擦銅油 copper polish;
摩擦 v.i. & n., friction, have differences of opinion with each other;
擦汗 wipe perspiration;
拭擦 clean and polish (table, etc.).
(2) To bruise (skin): 擦破了皮;
(*tsaa) to scrape, grate (carrot, etc.).
(3) To brush past: 擦身而過 ditto.
(4) To apply (powder, rouge, oinment, color, etc.): 擦背 to massage (back-ofbody).

Words 1. 擦布 tsa-buh, n., a wiper, rag for wiping.
2. 擦宝兒 *tsaa-chuarng-’l, n., kitchen utensil for grating potatoes, etc.
3. 擦黑兒 tsahe-’l, adv., about or toward dusk.
4. 擦擦 tsa-tsa, adj., descriptive of scraping sounds.

探 Num. Index: 10A.01-6 tahn .

N. (tahn-tz) Detective, esp. private agent: 偵探，密探 detective, spy.

V.t. (1) look for, investigate (bottom, origins): 探深淺 take soundings;
探本，探原 trace to origins, make a fundamental study;
探湯 thrust hand to feel boiling water—dangerous thing to do;
探隱，探頤索隱 delve into secret facts or principles;
探驪得珠 writing which brings out important points from a mass of facts.
(2) Spy on, look in: 探一探 go and take a look;
探探虛實 try to find out the true situation;
探穴 explore cave;
探頭探腦 pop in to look without being seen;
探知，探悉 ascertain, find out that;
探身子 bend over to look below (e.g., at a well);
探囊取物 delve into pocket to fish out s.t.—easy thing to do;
探求，探究，探討 tahn-chiour tahn-jiouh tahn-taau↓.
(3) To visit, pay a call: 探親，探友 visit relatives, friends;
探喪 visit family of bereaved;
探病 visit the sick;
探訪 tahn-faang↓.

Words 1. 探求 tahn-chiour, v.t., investigate, find out.
2. 探春 tahn-chun, v.i., make a spring outing.
3. 探訪 tahn-faang, v.t., find out (news, situation);
4. 探訪 tahn-faang, v.t., 探訪員 reporter.
5. 探戈 tahn-’ge, n., & v.i., (translit). tango.
6. 探海燈 tahn-haai-deng, n., searchlight, see tahn-jau-hdeng↓.
7. 探花 tahn’hua, n., number three in former national civil examinations.
8. 探照燈 tahn-jauh-deng, n., searchlight.
9. 探究 tahn-jiouh, v.t. & n., investigate, -tion.
10. 探險 tahn-shiaan, n. & v.i., adventure, explore, -ation (e.g., Arctic regions).
11. 探悉 tahn-shir, v.i. & t., ascertain, find out that.
12. 探試 tahn-shyh, v.t., try to find out (person’s opinions, etc.).
13. 探詢 tahn-shyurn v.i., see tahn-wehn↓.
14. 探討 tahn-taau, v.i. & n., study, investigate, -tion.
15. 探聽 tahn-ting, v.i. & t., find out (news, situation): 探聽情形，消息 .
16. 探測 tahn-tseh, v.t. & n., probe into, probings;
17. 探測 tahn-tseh, v.t. & n., conjecture.
18. 探子 tahn-’tz, n private spy.
19. 探望 tahn-wahng, v.t., visit (old friends, relatives).
20. 探問 tahn-wehn, v.t., find out (news, facts).

採 Num. Index: 10A.01-9 tsaai .

V.t. (1) (Interch. 采) to pluck, gather, collect (flowers, mulberries, tea), mine for (minerals).
(2) To select, adopt: 採擇，採取，採用 tsaai-tzer tsaai-chyuu tsaai-yuhng↓.

Words 1. 採辦 tsaai-bahn, v.t., to purchase shop supplies, (as tea, herbs, cloth) by careful seletion.
2. 採補 tsair-buu, v.t., (Taoist) short for 採陰補陽 borrow feminine force to strengthen male health by sleeping with women.
3. 採取 tsair-chyuu, v.t., adopt (policy, system, method).
4. 採訪 tsair-faang, v.t., gather (news) as reporter.
5. 採購 tsaai-gouh, v.t., to procure (machinery, raw materials, office supplies).
6. 採摘 tsaai-jer, v.t., pick, select for use.
7. 採擷 tsaai-jie, v.t., ditto.
8. 採集 tsaai-jir, v.t., to collect (samples, specimens, material for writing, etc.).
9. 採礦 tsaai-kuahng, v.i., to mine for minerals.
10. 採買 tsair-maai, v.t., see tsair-bahn↑.
11. 採納 tsaai-nah, v.t., to adopt, take in (advice).
12. 採選 tsair-shyuaan, v.t., select and purchase, see tsair-bahn↑.
13. 採擇 tsaai-tzer, v.t., to select for use, to adopt (method, name, etc.).
14. 採用 tsaai-yuhng, v.t., to adopt (method, system, etc.) for use.

攥 Num. Index: 10A.01-9 tzuahn .

V.t. Grasp, clutch: 一把攥住他的手 caught hold of his hand;
攥在手心况 clasp in hand.

捄 Num. Index: 10A.02-1 jiouh . [Var. of 救 10S.82]

攮 Num. Index: 10A.02-1 naang .

V.t. (1) To repel: 推攮 to ward off.
(2) To stab: 攮他一刀 give him a stab;
攮死人 stab (s.o.) to death.

Words 1. 攮子 naang-tz, n., a dagger.

據 Num. Index: 10A.02-2 jyuh

N. Proof, evidence: 收據 receipt;
字據 written evidence;
證據 testimony, proof;
確據 irrefutable evidence;
實據 factual proof;
憑據，根據 proof, testimony, evidence;
契據 written agreements (contracts).

V.t. (1) Base or be based on: 據理力爭 argue on the basis of reason;
據實報告 make a factual report;
據說 jyuh-shuo↓;
依據 rely on;
根據 on the basis of;
據云 it is said that;
據此 jyuh-tsyy↓;
據他說法 according to what he says;
據我看來 as I see it.
(2) Take possession of: 佔據 occupy, take hold of ,lay hands on;
盤據 seize illegally and entrench oneself in;
據有 jyuh-yoou↓;
據為己有 appropriate to oneself (what rightfully belongs to another).

Words 1. 據點 jyuh-diaan, n., a base for action.
2. 據說 jyuh-shuo, phr., it is said that…
3. 據此 jyuh-tsyy, adv., on these grounds, for this reason, therefore, hence.
4. 據有 jyuh-yoou, v.t., take possession of.

振 Num. Index: 10A.02-5 jehn (*jen ).

V.i. & t. (1) To rise, move up, move to action: 振作，振興 jehn-tzuoh, jehn-shing↓;
一蹶不振 fall, never to rise again.
(2) To relieve (famine, etc.): 振濟，振救 jehn-jih, jehn-jiouh↓.
(3) To raise, to take up: 振翎，振翅 flap (bird’s) wings to rise;
振衣 to lift up and put on garment, 振臂，振筆 jehn-beih, jehn-bii↓;
振兵 to strengthen army for action;
振旅 to call army to order after battle, esp. after victory to return.
(4) To shake: 威振天下 s.o’s power shakes the world.

Prep. From: 振古以來 since the ancient times.

Words 1. 振臂 jehn-beih, v.i., raise arm in call for action: 振臂一呼.
2. 振筆 jehn-bii, v.i., take up pen: 振筆直書 take up pen and write rapidly.
3. 振起 jehn-chii, v.t., to restore spirit: 振起精神 put forth fresh energy.
4. 振動 jehn-duhng, v.i. & n., (1) vibrate, -tion;
5. 振動 jehn-duhng, v.i. & n., (2) to cause to shake.
6. 振奮 jehn-fehn, v.i., to bestir oneself: 振奮精神 put forth new energy.
7. 振幅 jehn-fur, n., (phys.) amplitude of vibration.
8. 振振 *jen-jen, adj., (AC) kind, generous;
9. 振振 *jen-jen, adj., impressive-looking;
10. 振振 *jen-jen, adj., 振振有詞 with eloquence (argumentatively).
11. 振濟 jehn-jih, v.t., to relieve (famine, flood victims; also wr. 賑).
12. 振救 jehn-jiouh, v.t., to relieve, help (those in distress);
13. 振救 jehn-jiouh, v.t., to rescue from predicament.
14. 振興 jehn-shing, v.t., to develop (industries, etc.).
15. 振作 jehn-tzuoh, v.i., to determine to make good, feel heartened.

搌 Num. Index: 10A.02-5 jaan .

V.i. To wipe lightly;
to lay on lightly (as a blotting paper, to soak up extra ink): 輕輕搌一搌.

Words 1. 搌布 jaan-buh, n., cloth used in wiping and cleaning.

攘 Num. Index: 10A.02-6 raang (*rarng ).

V.t. (1) (*rarng) Take away by force, plunder, loot: 攘竊 steal, pilfer, swipe;
攘奪 pillage, sack, rob;
攘善 raang-shahn↓.
(2) (*rarng) Get rid of, free from: 攘夷狄 drive out the barbarian invaders;
攘除 discard, reject, cast out;
攘災 ward off misfortune (disaster, calamity);
攘詬 rehabilitate one’s good name, cleanse oneself of dishonor;
攘外 resist foreign aggression (encroachments).

Adj. & adv. In a state of confusion: 天下攘攘，皆為利往 (AC) all the hustle and bustle in the world is only for money;
熙熙攘攘 (LL) streams of people busily coming and going.

Words 1. 攘臂 rarng-bih v.i., bestir oneself to action.
2. 攘場 rarang-charng, phr., (of farmers) strew fields with grain and return home after harvesting.
3. 攘袂 rarng-meih, v.i., roll up one’s sleeves and be ready for action.
4. 攘善 rarng-shahn, phr., appropriate to oneself credit (honor) rightfully due to s.o. else.
5. 攘袖 rarng-shiouh, v.i., roll up one’s sleeves.
6. 攘羊 rarng-yarng, phr., keep a neighbor’s stray sheep for oneself.

□ Num. Index: 10A.02-8 chihn . [Var. of 撳 10A.81]

掭 Num. Index: 10A.02-9 tiahn .

V.t. (1) To dip (brush) in ink:掭筆，掭墨.
(2) To raise wick in oil lamp: 掭燈.

掾 Num. Index: 10A.02-9 yuahn .

N. (LL) minor official or officer.

抖 Num. Index: 10A.10-1 doou .

V.i. & t. (1) Shake up, give a shake: 把這張毯子抖一抖 give this blanket a shake;
打抖 tremble from cold.
(2) To wake up, put up energy: 抖擻 doou-soou↓;
to succeed in staging comeback: 這下子他可抖起來了 this time he has made good;
抖機靈 (or 伶) 兒 use one’s wits.
(3) To play certain toy: 抖空竹，抖空鐘 to suspend string around axis of carved bamboo disk and whirl it by hand, causing the bamboo to make a steady whirling sound.

Words 1. 抖翻 doou-’fan v.i., dig up old stories to discreit s.o.: 抖翻老底 also wr. 兜翻.
2. 抖攬 dour-laan, v.i. & t., to solicit business: 抖攬生意;
3. 抖攬 dour-laan, v.i. & t., 抖攬詞訟 try to get lawsuits as a huckster;
4. 抖攬 dour-laan, v.i. & t., also wr.兜攬.
5. 抖摟 doou-’lou, v.i. & t., to shake off (dust, contents) in a blanket;
6. 抖摟 doou-’lou, v.i. & t., to dig up (scandals).
7. 抖擻 dour-soou, v.t., arouse spirit, pick up energy: 抖擻精神起來 pull oneself together and do things;
8. 抖擻 dour-soou, v.t., 抖擻灰土 shake off dust;
9. 抖擻 dour-soou, v.t., 抖抖擻擻 or 抖抖縮縮 adv., cringing, trembling with fear or embarrassment.

□ Num. Index: 10A.10-1 gaan .

V.t. To stretch (s.t.) with the hand: □麵 to roll out dough;
□麵皮 to roll out dough wrappings;
□麵杖 (棍) a rolling pin;
□氈 flatten out a piece of rug: 皮襖都□氈了 fur coat has been shaken smooth.

捧 Num. Index: 10A.10-1 peeng . [Cogn. of 奉]

V.t. (1) Hold up with both hands:捧水飲 drink from cupped hands;
把東西捧住 hold up article to prevent toppling;
捧心 (AC) allu. to famous beauty 西施 suffering from Angina pectoris, covering chest with hands, imitated by ugly women;
捧日 (LL) show loyalty to emperor.
(2) Serve with bothhands:捧茶，捧藥 serve tea, medecine;
(3) To pay public tribute to actor, applaud in public:把他捧到天上 applaud person to the skies;
捧得太高 praise person too highly;
捧臭腳 lick one’s boots, see 捧㪫 peeng-charng↓.
(4) Holding with two hands as gesture of respect: 捧讀，捧誦 read your letter held in two hands.

Words 1. 捧㪫 peeng-charng, v.t., to pay tribute to actor or public person, usu. with idea of building up popularity: 請捧㪫 please give me support or patronage.
2. 捧腹 peeng-fuh, v.i., have a belly laugh (with hands holding the sides).

攆 Num. Index: 10A.10-1 niaan .

V.t. To drive away, pursue: 攆走，攆出去 drive (s.o.) away, esp. fire a servant;
攆上去 pull up to.

掉 Num. Index: 10A.10-2 diauh .

V.i. & t. (1)To turn about, turn sideways, wag: 掉過來 turn over or around;
掉背臉兒 turn face away;
掉頭 shake or turn one’s head;
掉頭不顧 turn away and leave;
掉臂而去 part hands and separate;
掉尾巴 wag tail;
尾大不掉 litr. phr., tail is wagging the dog.
(2) To change from one to another: 掉手 change hands;
掉腳 change shoes from foot to foot;
掉車頭 change locomotive, or direction of;
掉換，掉包 diauh-huahn, diauh-bau↓.
(3) To drop down, to lose: 掉下來 drop down;
掉色 lose color, fade;
掉魂兒 (coll.) lose one’s wits;
掉價兒 decrease in price, value or prestige.
(4) To play or show off for effect: 掉槍花 play tricks or make moves to deceive;
掉書袋 “shake book bag”－to fill writing with quotations, just to parade learning;
掉文舞墨 write showy style;
掉舌頭 talk garrulously;
掉歪 diauh-wai↓.

V.b.Complement. Off, signifying loss: 丟掉，失掉 lose;
吃掉，殺掉 eat off, kill off;
賣不掉 cannot sell off, dispose of in trade.

Words 1. 掉包 diauh-bau, v.i., replace s.t. valuable with a worthless one.
2. 掉換 diauh-huahn, v.i. & t., exchange, change one for another: 掉換地位 change places.
3. 掉舌 diauh-sher, v.i., chatter, stir up ill will between others by loose gossip.
4. 掉歪 diauh-wai, adj., naughty, mischievous.

拌 Num. Index: 10A.10-2 bahn (*pahn ).

V.t. Stir and mix (mustard, etc.): 拌一拌 mix;
涼拌豆腐 bean curd served cold with bits of onion, etc.
拌勻 mix even.

Words 1. 拌棄 *pahn-chih, v.t., abandon (err. for 拼).
2. 拌蒜 bahn-suahn, v.i., walk knock kneed, bandy-legged;
3. 拌蒜 bahn-suahn, v.i., (fig.) meet constant frustrations;
4. 拌蒜 bahn-suahn, n. & adj., gauche, gaucherie, clumsy, -siness.
5. 拌嘴 bahn-tzueei, v.i. & n., bicker, have little quarrels or exchange heated remarks＝吵嘴.

Num. Index: 10A.10-3 hahn .

V.t. To defend by force: see 扞宪 hahn-weih↓;
扞拒 resist by force;
扞禦 resist (invader).

Words 1. 扞蔽 hahn-bih, n., (AC) bufferstate.
2. 扞格 hahn-ger, adj., incompatible, ill-fitting: 扞格不入 do not mesh, (ideas) mutually conflict.
3. 扞拒 hahn-jyuh, v.t., to resist (force, invasion).
4. 扞宪 hahn-weih, v.t., to defend: 扞宪國家 defend the country.
5. 扞禦 hahn-yuh, v.t., resist (invader).

抨 Num. Index: 10A.10-3 peng .

V.t. Criticize, attack verbally.

Words 1. 抨劾 peng-heh, v.t., (of legislature) move for censure (of person).
2. 抨擊 peng-jir, v.t., make attack, accusations on (person, measures).
3. 抨彈 peng-tarn, v.t., see peng-heh↑.

撢 Num. Index: 10A.10-3 daan . [U.f. 探 10A.01]

攝 Num. Index: 10A.10-3 sheh (*nieh ).

V.t. (1) To gather up (skirts going up steps): to grab 攝取 sheh-chyuu↓;
勾攝 to hook up;
to attract by magnetic force (related 吸);
攝力 sheh-lih↓;
(fig.) to photograph (“grab image”) 攝影 sheh-yiing↓.
(2) To act as regent or deputy: 攝政 sheh-jehng↓;
攝任,攝篆 to act as deputy;
兼攝 to act concurrently as deputy or acting officer;
(3) To conserve (life, energy): 攝生，攝護，攝宪 sheh-sheng, sheh-huh, sheh-weih↓.
(4) (*nieh) To pacify: 鎮攝.

Words 1. 攝取 sheh-chyuu, v.t., to absorb, assimilate (nutrition, food), take between the fingers.
2. 攝護 sheh-huh, v.t., to conserve energy, life force;
3. 攝護 sheh-huh, v.t., 攝護腺 the prostate gland.
4. 攝政 sheh-jehng, n., (also 攝政王) prince regent.
5. 攝力 sheh-lih, n., magnetic force.
6. 攝理 sheh-lii, v.i., to be acting officer.
7. 攝生 sheh-sheng, v.i. & n., the art of conserving life energy.
8. 攝行 sheh-shirng, v.i., to act in some capacity.
9. 攝氏表 sheh-shyh-biaau, n., Celsius thermometer, centigrade.
10. 攝宪 sheh-weih, v.i., seesheh-sheng↑.
11. 攝影 sheh-yiing, v.i. & n., photograph, -y;
12. 攝影 sheh-yiing, v.i. & n., 攝影機 camera (also 照相機);
13. 攝影 sheh-yiing, v.i. & n., 攝影師 photographer, cameraman.

撣 Num. Index: 10A.10-4 daan .

N. (daan-tz) Duster: 䓩毛撣子 feather duster.

V.t. (1) To dust: 撣衣，撣鞋 wipe dust off clothing, shoes;
撣灰 beat off dust.
(2) U.f. 探 pr. tahn, to pry into.

揖 Num. Index: 10A.10-4 yi .

V.i. & t. (1) To make a bow;
to bow to (person): 作揖 ditto;
揖客 bow to a visitor.
(2) (AC) u.f. 輯 to put together.

Words 1. 揖讓 yi-rahng, v.i., (1) to bow and concede;
2. 揖讓 yi-rahng, v.i., to observe courtesy in gen.;
3. 揖讓 yi-rahng, v.i., (2) (AC) to yield the throne to a worthy successor, and not to one’s son.

擇 Num. Index: 10A.10-4 tzer (*jair , coll.).

V.t. (1) Select, choose: 選擇 pick and choose;
擇選 choose from among many;
擇配 choose a spouse;
擇偶 ditto;
擇婿 select a husband for one’s daughter;
擇親 make marriage arrangements for one’s children;
擇對 tzer-dueih↓;
擇人而事 choose a master (prince) to serve;
擇之而歸 ditto;
擇鄰 pick a suitable place to live in, esp. for the rearing of one’s children;
擇交 tzer-jiau↓;
擇優 choose the best there is;
擇善固執 find out what is good and hold fast to it;
擇期 pick a date (for marriage, burial, business venture);
擇日子 ditto;
擇吉 (開張) choose an auspicious day to start a business;
擇肥而噬 to victimize the rich.
(2) Differentiate: 牛羊何擇馬 (AC) why differentiate between cattle and sheep?

Words 1. 擇不開 *jair-’bu-kai, v.i., (1) cannot be separated: 他們倆是擇不開的一對兒 the two of them are an inseparable pair;
2. 擇不開 *jair-’bu-kai, v.i., (2) cannot get away: 我忙得一點兒功夫擇不開 I’m so busy that I can’t tear myself away for a moment.
3. 擇對 tzer-dueih, (1) v.i., choose a spouse;
4. 擇對 tzer-dueih, (2) (*jiar-’duei) v.t., make a careful choice of : 擇對好了日子 choose an auspicious day.
5. 擇乾淨兒 *jair-gan-jihng-’l, v.i., shirk one’s responsibility.
6. 擇交 tzer-maur-’l, phr., choose friends carefully.
7. 擇毛兒 *jair-maur-’l, phr., find fault with;
8. 擇毛兒 *jair-maur-’l, phr., fault-finding, captious, cavilling, carping.
9. 擇木 tzer-muh, v.i., (lit.) (of birds) choose a tree to nestle in, (fig.) choose a master to serve.
10. 擇席 *jair-shir, v.i., be choosy about the bed in which one sleeps.
11. 擇手貨 *jair-’shou-huoh, n., inferior goods left over unsold.
12. 擇食 *jair-shyr (tzer-shyr), v.i., be particular about the food one eats: 饑不擇食 when one is hungry, one will eat anything given him.
13. 擇刺 *jair-tsyh, v.i., pick fish bones;
14. 擇刺 *jair-tsyh, v.i., (fig.) remove misunderstandings.

擗 Num. Index: 10A.10-5 pih

V.t. To break open
to pound, see 擗踊 pih-yuung↓.

Words 1. 擗摽 pih-biau, v.i., (AC) be frightened.
2. 擗踊 pih-yuung, v.i., to pound the heart and stamp the ground as expression of sorrow at parents’ funeral.

捽 Num. Index: 10A.10-6 tzur (sp. pr. *tsuor ).

V.t. (1) To grasp, clutch, grip: 捽髮 grasp by the hair
(2) (*tsuor) To pull up: 捽草 pull up grass (weeds).
(3) Be in conflict with: 戎夏交捽 the barbarian tribes and China oft. came into open conflict.

摔 Num. Index: 10A.10-6 shuai . [Related 甩 shuaai , 42.70]

V.t. To throw down, fling down (s.t.): 摔在地上 dash it to the ground;
摔東西 throw s.t. with force;
摔破, 摔碎 dashed to pieces;
摔掉 shuai-diauh↓.

V.i. To trip, be thrown down:摔下來 thrown as from a horse or cart;
摔倒 shuai-daau↓;
摔跟頭,摔跤 shuai-gen-’tou, shuai-jiau↓;
摔死了 fallen dead.

Words 1. 摔打 shuai-daa, v.i., receive hard knocks: 在外頭摔打過 went through the rough and tumble of life-experienced hardships;
2. 摔打 shuai-daa, v.i., 摔打咂拉 shuai-daa-tzar-lar, adj., tough (person), letting nothing stand in the way.
3. 摔倒 shuai-daau, v.i., be thrown down, slip down.
4. 摔掉 shuai-diauh, v.t., cast away.
5. 摔跟頭 shuai-gen-’tou, v.i., fall head over heels.
6. 摔簧 shuai-huarng, v.i., make innuendoes.
7. 摔角 shuai-jiaau, n. & v.i., wrestle.
8. 摔跤 shuai-jiau, v.i., (1) to trip and fall down: 摔一跤;
9. 摔跤 shuai-jiau, v.i., (2) to wrestle.
10. 摔牌 shuai-pair, v.i., lose face (lit., “throw cards down”).
11. 摔砲（兒） shuai-pauh(’l), n., toy cracker which explodes on being thrown to the ground.
12. 摔盆兒 shuai-per-’l, n., custom for the son of deceased to dash an earthen basin to pieces before starting funeral procession.
13. 摔喪 shuai-sang, n., ditto, also 摔喪盆子.
14. 摔讚兒 shuai-tzah’l, v.i., (coll.) to grumble.

揮 Num. Index: 10A.10-6 huei

V.i. & t. (1) To brandish (a sword, whip), to brush, make a light or rapid stroke: 揮手而別 wave hand on departure;
揮汗成雨 (great number of troops) brushing their sweat drops makes it look like rain;
揮淚 flick a tear;
揮毫 to write;
揮拳 lift a fist to fight;
指揮 to direct (troop movements, a concert, course of action).
(2) To squander: 揮金如土 squander money like dust.

Words 1. 揮發 huei-fa, v.i., to vaporize, volatize;
2. 揮發 huei-fa, v.i., 揮發油 volatile oil.
3. 揮翰 huei-hahn, v.i., to write (brandish the pen).
4. 揮毫 huei-haur, v.i., ditto.
5. 揮霍 hei-huoh, v.i. & t., to squander money, spend lavishly.
6. 揮灑 huei-saa, v.i., to write or paint freely.
7. 揮散 huei-saan, v.i., to evaporate, vaporize, to dissipate (wealth).

扦 Num. Index: 10A.10-9 chian .

N. (chian-tz) A wooden pick or iron poker for poking into sacks, etc.: 牙扦 toothpick, also wr. 籤 92A.71;
煙扦子 a wire-like appliance for cleaning pipe bowl.

V.i. To poke at or into.

Words 1. 扦腳 chian-jiaau, v.i., to pedicure (also called 修腳).
2. 扦手 chian-shoou, n., formerly, customs inspector (who pokes at sacks of goods)

捭 Num. Index: 10A.10-9 baai .

V.t. Open.

Words 1. 捭闔 baai-her, phr., open and close as in 縱 ^ 橫捭闔 93B.83.

□ Num. Index: 10A.10-9 suun ,

挫 Num. Index: 10A.11-1 tsuoh

V.t. (1) To chop down, break down: 挫折 tsuoh-jer↓.
(2) To frustrate, be frustrated.

Words 1. 挫折 tsuoh-jer, v.t. & n., frustrate, -ed, -tion.
2. 挫磨 tsuoh’mo, v.t., to persecute (person) by daily scolding, ridicule, etc.
3. 挫辱 tsuoh-ruh, v.t., to humiliate (person).

寿 Num. Index: 10A.11-1 tair . [Pop. 抬]

V.t. To lift up, raise (table, etc.): 寿著頭 lift up one’s head, see 寿頭 tair-tour↓;
寿價 raise price;
寿出去 carry it out;
寿起來 lift up;
寿不動 cannot lift up;
寿身 straighten up from bending position;
寿手寿腳 gesticulate;
高寿貴手 phr., used in asking for pardon, more tips, or higher pay;
寿扛，扛寿 carry s.t. heavy with hands on shoulders or the back;
寿轎子 carry a sedan chair, (gambling) gang up on a player;
寿高身價 put higher value on oneself.

Words 1. 寿槓 tair-gahng, v.i., to wrangle, quarrel, argue for argument’s sake.
2. 寿肩 tair-jian, n., a tailor’s term, width from armpit to middle of back.
3. 寿𡈼 tair’jyu, v.t., encourage by words or deeds, to help by promoting: 不識寿𡈼 not worth, do not appreciate, such help.
4. 寿頭 tair-tour, v.i., (1) raise one’s head: 寿頭一看 raise one’s head and look;
5. 寿頭 tair-tour, v.i., 永遠不能寿頭 doomed to an inferior status;
6. 寿頭 tair-tour, v.i., 寿頭紋 lines on forehead;
7. 寿頭 tair-tour, v.i., (2) rule in documents to begin new line above margin on mentioning superior’s or king’s name;
8. 寿頭 tair-tour, v.i., (3) become firmer (in stock prices).

攤 Num. Index: 10A.11-2 tan .

N.adjunct. A collection of liquid: 一攤水，一攤泥 a pool of water, mud.

N. (tan-tz, tan-’l) A stall, booth, mat on sidewalk displaying goods for sale: 香煙攤 cigarette booth
測字攤 fortuneteller’s booth
悞子攤 fruit stall
擺攤 spread out goods for sale in booth or (排地攤 ) on mat.

V.t. (1) To spread out: 攤開 spread out;
攤一攤，攤攤看 spread out and see;
攤位 assign seats;
攤牌 tan-pair↓.
(2) To distribute: 攤還，攤償 tan-huarn, tan-charng↓;
分攤責任 distribute responsibility;
攤認，攤派 tan-rehn, tan-paih↓.

Words 1. 攤償 tan-charng, v.t., to pay back (debt) by installment.
2. 攤販 tan-fahn, n., stall keeper;
3. 攤販 tan-fahn, n., seller on sidewalks.
4. 攤還 tan-huarn, v.i. & t., to pay back by installment.
5. 攤簧 tan-huarng, n., a form of storytelling in rhymes at teahouses, partly sung (also wr.灘).
6. 攤黃菜 tan-huarng-tsaih, n., scrambled eggs. (from Peking custom of avoiding word 卵“egg”).
7. 攤派 tan-paih, v.t., assign contributions, work.
8. 攤牌 tan-pair, v.i. & n., make a showdown (lay cards on the table).
9. 攤認 tan-rehn, v.i. & t., to pledge contribution individually to gen. fund.
10. 攤銷 tan-shiau, v.t., amortization;
11. 攤銷 tan-shiau, v.t., also distribute sales.

摧 Num. Index: 10A.11-2 tsue . [Dist. 推 10A.11, 催 91A.11]

摧R To smash, destroy: 摧枯拉朽 smash (enemy) easily like breaking dry branches:摧殘，摧陷，摧毀 tsue-tsarn, tsue-shiahn, tsue-hueei↓.

Words 1. 摧毀 tsue-hueei, v.t., to destroy, smash to pieces, wreck (buildings, enemy power,etc.).
2. 摧陷 tsue-shiahn, v.t., destroy (enemy city, army): 摧陷廓清 exterminate, destroy, uproot entirely (evil systems) and clear the ground.
3. 摧殘 tsue-tsarn, v.t., to trample down (life, ideas), tyrannize over, destroy wantonly.
4. 摧頹 tsue-tueir, v.i., (1) to falter (＝蹉^跎 40B.30);
5. 摧頹 tsue-tueir, v.i., (2) to decay.

攉 Num. Index: 10A.11-3 huoh .

V.t. To pick: 挑三攉四 to pick and choose.

坃 Num. Index: 10A.11-4 luo .

V.t. (Vern.) to lift up, tuck up (end of gown or trousers).

擢 Num. Index: 10A.11-5

V.t. (1) To select and promote: 擢升，擢用 juor-sheng, juor-yuhng↓;
拔擢人才 to pick out and promote talents.
(2) To pull out: 擢髮難數 (transgressions, etc.) too numerous to count (like “pulling out a tuft of hair” and trying to count it).

Adj. Tall, erect (trees): 擢木千尋 trees hundreds of feet tall.

Words 1. 擢第 juor-dih, v.i., to pass the civil examinations.
2. 擢升 juor-sheng, v.t., promote specially (not by routine).
3. 擢秀 juor-shiouh, adj., (1) outstanding (talent, character);
4. 擢秀 juor-shiouh, adj., (2) luxuriant (plant).
5. 擢用 juor-yuhng, v.t., promote specially in government service.

捱 Num. Index: 10A.11-5 air . [Interch. 挨 air , see 10A.81]

握 Num. Index: 10A.11-5 woh .

N. To grasp, take by the hand: 握手，握管 woh-shoou, woh-guaan↓;
握筆, see 握管 woh-guaan↓;
握住 hold in grasp;
掌握 to control, manage;
把握 firm control, full confidence;
在握 in control;
大權在握 hold real power in one’s hand.

Words 1. 握別 woh-bier, v.i., part with a hand grasp.
2. 握管 woh-guaan, v.i., to write (hold the pen).
3. 握手 woh-shoou, v.i., shake hands.

拄 Num. Index: 10A.11-6 juu .

V.i. & t. To rest on support: 拄扙而走 went leaning on a cane;
拄頤 rest chin in hand.

撞 Num. Index: 10A.11-6 juahng . (re. pr. also chuarng ).

V.t. (1) To collide, strike with force, knock (down): 撞車，撞船 cars, ships,collide;
撞上 knock against;
船撞沉了 ship sinks from collision;
飛機撞山 an airplane hits a peak;
撞壞 destroyed by knocking;
撞倒 to fell (a tree);
相撞 collide with each other;
𢓭撞 bump into: 言語上𢓭撞起來 to get into argument, exchange words.
(2) Find, meet unexpectedly: 撞見 bump into (person);
撞鬼 encounter a ghost, also run around in distraction.

Adj. 撞鼻 rebuffed.

Words 1. 撞壁 juahng-bih, adj., up against a blind wall.
2. 撞球 juahng-chiour, n., billiard (also called 檯球).
3. 撞歸 juahng-guei, n., a metod of division in using abacus.
4. 撞見 juahng-jiahn, v.t., to encounter, run into, meet or discover by chance.
5. 撞客 juahng-keh, n., formerly, a person possessed by the devil.
6. 撞凌 juahng-lirng, v.i., to break ice by icebreaker.
7. 撞木鐘 juahng-muh-jung, phr., (coll.) to swindle.
8. 撞騙 juahng-piahn, v.i., to swindle.

擁 Num. Index: 10A.11-6 yuung (also yung ).

V.t. (1) To embrace: 擁抱 yuung-bauh↓;
to hold: 擁篲 hold a broomstick.
(2) To support (leader): 擁護，擁戴 yuung-huh, yuung-daih↓.
(3) To jostle, pack tight: 擁擠 yuung-jii↓.
(4) To heave, dash forward in swarm or group: 一擁而上 dash up, jostle up;
擁上來 (crowd) push and egg forward.

Words 1. 擁抱 yuung-bauh, v.t., embrace each other.
2. 擁戴 yuung-daih, v.t., to support and adore (leader).
3. 擁遏 yuung-eh, v.t., to obstruct;
4. 擁遏 yuung-eh, p.p., blocked up.
5. 擁護 yuung-huh, v.t., to support (leader, candidate).
6. 擁擠 jurng-jii, adj., crowded.
7. 擁塞 yuung-seh, v.t., to obstruct;
8. 擁塞 yuung-seh, p.p., blocked up.

搉 Num. Index: 10A.11-6 chyueh .

V.i. & t. (1) To strike (part of body),
(2) To discuss: 商榷 discuss, -ion.

□ Num. Index: 10A.11-6 sai .

V.t. To tuck s.t. in or under (as pocket, mattress).

拴 Num. Index: 10A.11-8 shuan .

V.i. & t. To tie (horse) to a post, to tie with rope: 拴住 fasten with rope;
see compp.↓;
拴塞，血管拴塞 clotting of blood vessel, thrombosis.

Words 1. 拴插 shuan-’cha, v.i., to look after food and clothing of child.
2. 拴車 shuan-che, v.i., to provide carts and carriages.
3. 拴縛 shuan-fur, v.t., to tie up (s.t.) usu. with rope.
4. 拴扣兒 shuan-kouh-’l, v.i., (1) to tie a knot;
5. 拴扣兒 shuan-kouh-’l, v.i., (2) try to alienate friends.
6. 拴束 shuan-shuh, v.t., see shuan-fur↑.
7. 拴娃娃 shuan-war-’wa, v.t., (woman) take a wooden doll home after praying to goddess of fertility.

捶 Num. Index: 10A.11-9 chueir .

N. (chueir-tz) A stick for beating: 鼓捶子 drumstick (cf. 鎚 81A.83, 槌 10B.83 and 搥 10A.83).

V.t. To pommel, pound, cudgel (person): 捶他一拳 pommel him with a fist.

推 Num. Index: 10A.11-9 tuei .

V.t. (1) To push, push open, push down push on: 推開 push away, 推去 push out;
把他推推搡搡 (saang) 到廊下 push and pull him to the corridor;
推門 push door open;
推車 push cart;
推動 to propel, give impetus to;
推動力 motivation force, force of propulsion;
順水推舟 go with the current, take advantage of favorable trend;
推波助瀾 follow and hasten movement of waves—to aggravate dispute by third party, add to quarrel;
推陳出新 (biol.) assimilation, process of change, make renovations;
推開天窗說亮話 talk frankly without hedging about (pun on 亮 meaning “clear”and “daylight”);
寒暑相推 the seasonal changes hurry on.
(2) Push away offer, or step back in favor of s.o. else: 推讓 tuei-rahng↓.
(3) Push forward, promote, elect, recommend: 推為第一 regard as No. 1;
推他做首 choose him as leader;
推賢與能 select the capable men and put them in power;
推薦，推舉，推崇，推許 tuei-jiahn, tuei-jyuu, tuei-churng, tuei-shyuu↓.
(4) Reject, make excuse, give as reaon or pretext: 推病不去 did not go on pretext of illness;
推故 give as an excuse or reason.
(5) Shake off, shirk, refuse: 推卸，推諉，推託，推辭 tuei-shieh, tuei-weei ,tuei-tuo, tuei-tsyr↓;
推乾淨兒, 推個一乾二淨 push all blame on others;
推開責任 shake off all responsibility;
推到別人身上 put the blame on others;
推作 (推為) 不知 pretend not to know;
推三阻四, 推來推去 make all sorts of excuses;
半推半就 (of woman) half refusing and half yeilding.
(6) Trace origings, investiagte, deduce, calculate: 推原 trace origins;
推究 (原因) investigate, study causes;
推其故 find out the cause.
推敲，推測 tuei-chiau, tuei-tseh↓;
因一推十 deduce ten from one;
以此類推 and so on (one can deduce the rest from this);
推己及人 “place yourself in another’s place”—do unto others what you would do unto yourself;
推心置腹 show the greatest consideration or confidence (treat s.o. as yourself).
(7) Certain actions: 推牌九 to play dominoes;
推光 rub and polish (wood surface);
推地板 polish floor.

Words 1. 推鉋（子） tuei-bauh(tz), n., carpenter’s plane.
2. 推背 tuei-beih n., Chin. massage;
3. 推背 tuei-beih n., 推背圖 the name of a pop. book of prophecy.
4. 推步 tuei-buh, v.i., (LL) make astronomical calculations.
5. 推誠 tuei-cherng, phr., open one’s heart to another, as sincere friend: 推誠相與.
6. 推敲 tuei-chiau, v.t., try to find out, to fathom (meaning, cause).
7. 推求 tuei-chiour, v.t., to reason out.
8. 推崇 tuei-churng, v.t., to worship, admire, acknowledge as leader.
9. 推卻 tuei-chyueh, v.t., reject, shirk (responsibility).
10. 推倒 tuei-daau, v.t., (1) to overthrow;
11. 推倒 tuei-daau, v.t., (2) to push down.
12. 推宕 tuei-dahng, v.t,. procrastinate (also 拖宕)
13. 推戴 tuei-daih, v.t., acclaim as leader.
14. 推定 tuei-dihng, v.i., (1) predict outcome;
15. 推定 tuei-dihng, v.i., (2) elect or nominate s.o. for office.
16. 推斷 tuei-duahn, v.i., predict.
17. 推度 tuei-duh, v.i., conjecture.
18. 推恩 tuei-en, v.i., extend favors, kindness.
19. 推翻 tuei-fan, v.t., to overthrow (government, previous thiory).
20. 推服 tuei-fur, v.t., admire, consider as better than oneself.
21. 推廣 tuei-guaang, v.t., to extend, expand (area, sales, etc.).
22. 推故 tuei-guh, v.i., give as reason or pretext.
23. 推轂 tuei-guu, v.t., recommend for high post.
24. 推薦 tuei-jiahn, v.t., to recommend (person).
25. 推進 tuei-jihn, v.t., to push forward , propel;
26. 推進 tuei-jihn, v.t., 推進機 propeller.
27. 推究 tuei-jiouh, v.i. & t., conjecture, figure out (reason, principles, etc.), make a careful study of.
28. 推重 tuei-juhng, v.t., regard with respect, place importance upon (person).
29. 推𡈼 tuei-jyuu, v.t., to elect person to post;
30. 推𡈼 tuei-jyuu, v.t., to recommend.
31. 推類 tuei-leih(or 類推 ) v.i., reason by analogy: 推類至盡 push to logical extreme.
32. 推理 tuei-lii, v.i., to reason logically, study the reason.
33. 推論 tuei-luhn, n., conclusion;
34. 推論 tuei-luhn, n., reasoning.
35. 推磨 tuei-moh, v.i., turn the grindstone;
36. 推磨 tuei-moh, v.i., (fig.) pass the bucket, shirk duty.
37. 推拏 tuei-nar, v.i. & n., (Chin. med.) a kind of massage, kneading and rubbing.
38. 推念 tuei-niahn, v.i., think of s.o. distant or past.
39. 推排 tuei-pair, v.i., (MC) see tuei-chiau↑.
40. 推讓 tuei-rahng, v.i., courteously ask s.o. to precede or take post.
41. 推想 tuei-shiaang, v.i., imagine, reckon (s.o. must have arrived, etc.).
42. 推銷 tuei-shiau, v.t., promote sales of;
43. 推銷 tuei-shiau, v.t., 推銷員 salesman.
44. 推卸 tuei-shieh, v.t., to evade, to shove off (duty etc.), be irresponsible.
45. 推行 tuei-shirng, v.t., promote (system, ideas), carry into effect (new laws, practices).
46. 推事 tuei-shyh, n., a judge.
47. 推選 tuei-shyuaan, v.t., elect (person).
48. 推許 tuei-shyuu, v.t., praise, esp. by s.o. above, commend favorably by superior.
49. 推算 tuei-suahn, v.i. & t., reckon (dates, etc.);
50. 推算 tuei-suahn, v.i. & t., predict (future).
51. 推測 tuei-tseh, v.i. & t., calculate, conjecture.
52. 推辭 tuei-tsyr, v.i. & t., decline (offer).
53. 推託 tuei-tuo, v.i. & t., give reasons, excuses, for not doing.
54. 推輓 tuei-waan, v.t., (LL) recommend, urge forward (lit., “push and pull carriage”).
55. 推諉 tuei-weei, v.i. & t., shirk (responsibility).
56. 推問 tuei-wehn, v.i. & t., investigate, interrogate.
57. 推延 tuei-yarn, v.i., delay, procrastinate.
58. 推移 tuei-yir, v.i., change or move round (as the seasons).
59. 推原 tuei-yuarn, v.i., find out reason, or cause.

摒 Num. Index: 10A.20-5 bihng . [Var. 擯]

V.t. Remove (obstacles);
cast aside: 摒開 move away, see compp.↓.

Words 1. 摒棄 bihng-chih, v.t., abandon, cast aside (old freinds, honors, family).
2. 摒除 bihng-chur, v.t., remove (prejudices 成見);
3. 摒除 bihng-chur, v.t., overcome (obstacles 障𡝱)
4. 摒擋 bihng-dahng, v.t., clean up and put in order (as before departure): 摒擋一切 get everything ready.
5. 摒絕 bihng-jyuer, v.t., cut loose entirely.

揜 Num. Index: 10A.20-8 yaan . [Var. of 掩 10A.70]

拼 Num. Index: 10A.20-9 pin . [Dist. 拚 pahn , see pin-mihng↓]

V.t. Assemble, put together, throw all in: 拼命 pin-mihng↓;
to spell: 拼音 pin-yin↓.

Words 1. 拼法 pin-faa, v.t. & n., seepin-yin↓.
2. 拼命 pin-mihng, v.i., do everything to (even at the risk of life): 拼命工作，讀書 work, study very hard (neglecting health);
3. 拼命 pin-mihng, v.i., 和他拼命 fight him with all one has got;
4. 拼命 pin-mihng, v.i., 拼老命 fight regardless of life or death (in this sense, also 拚^命 10A.20).
5. 拼音 pin-yin, v.t. & n., spell, -ing: 這字怎樣拼法 how do you spell this word?

擤 Num. Index: 10A.20-9 shiing .

V.t. 擤鼻子 blow the nose.

拚 Num. Index: 10A.20-9 pahn (coll, also pan ). [Dist. 拼 10A.20]

V.t. Abandon, discard.

Words 1. 拚棄 pahn-chih, v.t., to abandon (person, thing).
2. 拚命 pahn-mihng, v.i., (lit.) risk life to, i.e., to try very hard to: 拚命讀書，做生意 to study, or keep business, with heart and soul;
3. 拚命 pahn-mihng, v.i., also 拼^命 ping-mihng, 10A.20.

□ Num. Index: 10A.21-1 chung .

V.t. To strike at;
to pound (wall, etc.).

揕 Num. Index: 10A.21-2 jehn .

V.t. (AC) to stab.

拙 Num. Index: 10A.21-2 juor .

Adj. (1) Stupid, dull: 笨拙 ditto;
口拙 slow of speech;
拙眼 juor-yaan↓.
(2) (Court., self-deprecating) my (“stupid”): 拙見 my opinion;
拙著 my book or essay;
拙荊 my wife;
恕我眼拙 I beg to differ (“excuse my stupid view”).

Words 1. 拙笨 juor-behn, adj., stupid.
2. 拙筆 juor-bii, n., (Chin. painting) spontaneous unadorned lines.
3. 拙工 juor-gung, n., (AC)coarse workman.
4. 扎荊 juor-jing, n., (court.) my wife.
5. 拙劣 juor-lieh, adj., inferior, execrable (work).
6. 拙實 juor-’shy, adj., solidly built.
7. 拙眼 juor-yaan, n., (LL) common, philistine view: 觀人如觀玉，拙眼喜譏評 judging character is like judging jade, the uninformed like to criticize.

掘 Num. Index: 10A.21-5 jyuer .

V.t. Dig, excavate: 掘地，掘井 dig the earth, a well;
挖掘 scoop (dig) out;
掘穿 make a hole, as in a wall, by digging;
掘坑 dig a pit;
發掘 excavate, -tion, to discover, exploit: 發掘人材 to discover talents;
採掘 to mine (ores);
掘土機 a bulldozer.

拒 Num. Index: 10A.21-5 jyuh .

V.t. (1) Resist, oppose: 抗拒 to offer resistance to;
拒敵 repel or resist the enemy;
拒守 jyuh-shoou↓.
(2) Refuse, decline to accept: 拒絕 jyuh-jyuer↓;
拒捕 resist arrest;
來者不拒 all are welcome, none will be turned away.

Words 1. 拒冬 jyuh-dung, n., (bot.) the caper spurge, mole plant.
2. 拒付 jyuh-fuh, v.i., go on default, refuse payment.
3. 拒絕 jyuhj-yuer, v.t., to reject (request, etc.), to refuse to do.
4. 拒守 jyuh-shoou, v.t., to guard, defend against enemy attack.

摳 Num. Index: 10A.21-5 kou .

V.t. (1) To pick (s.t. as from pocket): 摳不出來 cannot get it out;
摳鼻孔 to pick the nose.
(2) To follow up clue, to fish out details: 他遇到一個問題，總愛死摳 he wants to get all the details when he comes to a problem.
(3) To lift up (dress): 摳衣升堂 lift up skirt or dress as one enters the hall.

Words 1. 摳摟 kou-’lou adj., sunken: 眼睛摳摟兒 the eyes are sunken (as from lack of sleep).
2. 摳門兒 kou-mer-’l, n., a miser: 這個人真是摳門兒 he is really a miser.

揠 Num. Index: 10A.21-5 yah .

V.t. (AC) to pull up: 揠苗助長（AC) to pull up seedling in mistaken hope of helping it to grow.

□ Num. Index: 10A.21-5 kuaai .

V.t. □癢 to scratch an itch.

搖 Num. Index: 10A.21-9 yaur .

V.t. & t. To shake, quake, wag, flutter: 搖動 yaur-duhng↓;
搖來搖去 to rock (as a cradle), to swing (as pendulum);
搖頭，搖首 shake one’s head;
搖尾 to wag (dog’s tail);
搖尾乞憐 to beg like a dog;
搖唇鼓舌, see 搖舌 yaur-sher↓;
搖手，搖首 yaur-shoou^1,2↓;
oft. coupled with 晃 yaur-’huang and 擺 yaur-baai↓;
搖旗吶喊 to wave the flag and shout, oft. said of political followers;
搖身一變 shake and be transformed by magic.

Words 1. 搖擺 yaur-baai, v.i., to stagger, to walk with a swinging gait: 搖搖擺擺 walk thus, esp. with an air of importance;
2. 搖擺 yaur-baai, v.i., 搖頭擺尾 waggling tail to please the master.
3. 搖板 yaur-baan, n., (Chin. opera) a continuing slow rhythm without definite beat (also called 散板).
4. 搖錢樹 yaur-chiarn-shuh, n., a “money tree” which sheds coins upon shaking—a singsong girl binging lots of income for madam.
5. 搖船 yaur-chuarn, v.i., to row a boat.
6. 搖動 yaur-duhng, v.i. & t., (1) to cause to move by touch or pull;
7. 搖動 yaur-duhng, v.i. & t., (2) to be pried loose, to lose stability of position (also 動搖 );
8. 搖動 yaur-duhng, v.i. & t., to wave.
9. 搖滾舞 yaur-gurn-wuu, n., rock-and-roll dance.
10. 搖撼 yaur-’han, v.t., to shake (branches), to cause displacement.
11. 搖晃 yaur-’huang, v.i., (of flags) to flutter, sway;
12. 搖晃 yaur-’huang, v.i., to walk with swaying motion, oft.with cultivated air of importance: 搖兒晃兒 (-huaang)的 walking with affected swing and sway.
13. 搖會 yaur-hueh, n., an old-style mutual loan club, the monthly sum going to highest bidder of interest.
14. 搖籃（兒） yaur-larn(yuar-lar-’l), n., a cradle.
15. 搖舌 yaur-sher, v.i., to wag one’s tongue, to talk glibly.
16. 搖手（兒） yaur-shoou¹(’l), v.i., to make a hand motion showing disapproval.
17. 搖首 yaur-shoou², v.i., to shake one’s head in disapproval.
18. 搖攤 yaur-tan, n., a gambling game played with four dice in a bowl;
19. 搖攤 yaur-tan, n., the game being to guess the total number being a multiple of four (4), or any remainder (1, 2, or 3).
20. 搖頭（兒） yaur-tour(’l), v.i., to shake one’s head in disapproval.
21. 搖搖 yaur-yaur, adj. & adv., shaky, -ily.
22. 搖曳 yaur-yih, v.i., to flutter in the wind, to walk with a swing.
23. 搖椅 yaur-yii, n., a rocking chair.

插 Num. Index: 10A.21-9 cha . [Var. 插]

V.t. (1) To insert, stick in: 插進去 stick in (flower in vase, pole in ground, etc.);
插花 cha-hua↓;
插翅 (or 翼) stick on wings (which cannot help escape);
插話，插一句話 to interrupt, to insert a remark;
插圖 cha-tur↓: 插圖弄計set up a trap;
插標 esp. 插草標 put a tag of straw showing s.t. is for sale;
插天 (hign peaks) seem to stick into the sky;
插柳成蔭 do s.t. which brings results without effort and easily;
插科打諢 (Chin. opera) insert dialogue for comic relief.

Words 1. 插板 cha-baan, n., formerly, plank to double-secure city gate;
2. 插板 cha-baan, n., door bar;
3. 插板 cha-baan, n., 插板兒 (coll.) close up business (“board up”shop).
4. 插班 cha-ban, v.i., to put new student in grade according to his ability.
5. 插釵 cha-chai, v.i., to formalize marriage engagement, see cha-dihng↓.
6. 插曲 cha-chyuu, n., (mus.) an interlude, intermezzo, episode.
7. 插戴 cha-daih, v.i., (1) seecha-dihng↓;
8. 插戴 cha-daih, (2) n., what one wears (hat, girdle, hair decorations, etc.).
9. 插單 cha-dan, v.i., (of monk) take up abode in monastery.
10. 插定 cha-dihng, v.i., to formalize marriage engagement of girl.
11. 插關兒 cha-gua’l, n., door bar.
12. 插花 cha-hua, v.i., (1) to insert flower (on hair, in vase);
13. 插花 cha-hua, v.i., (2) arrange flowers in vase, (Japanese) ikebana;
14. 插花 cha-hua, v.i., (3) to pay land tax in a county other than the one where it is due.
15. 插話 cha-huah¹, v.i., to interrupt in speech.
16. 插晝 cha-huah², n., an illustration in book.
17. 插腳 cha-jiaau, n., a foothold, a place to rest one’s foot.
18. 插架 cha-jiah, n., a bamboo book shelf, wall shelf.
19. 插枝 cha-jy, v.i., to plant (willows, etc.) by sticking branch in soil.
20. 插句 cha-jyuh, n., an inserted remark, insertion.
21. 插口 cha-koou, v.i., to put in a word, to interrupt speech, also cha-tzuee↓.
22. 插屏（兒） cha-pirng(’l), n., a standing screen (with marble, or painting);
23. 插屏（兒） cha-pirng(’l), n., a partition or wall frame for painting.
24. 插入 cha-ruh, v.i., to insert;
25. 插入 cha-ruh, v.i., to add remark.
26. 插身 cha-shen, v.i., to gain a place (in group).
27. 插消 cha-shiau, n., eletric plug.
28. 插手 cha-shoou, v.i., to meddle lay hands on.
29. 插頭 cha-tour, n., eletric pulg.
30. 插圖 cha-tur, n., illustration in book.
31. 插嘴 cha-tzuee, v.i., to put in a word, to interrrupt speech, also cha-koou↑.
32. 插足 cha-tzur, v.i., to gain a place (in group).
33. 插秧 cha-yang, v.i., to transplant rice seedlings.

搯 Num. Index: 10A.21-9 tau .

V.t. (1) To take out (as from pocket): 搯出來 take out from pocket, also wr. 掏;
搯 (or 掏)腰包 pay out money, oft. unwillingly, take out pocketbook;
搯錢 take out cash.
(2) To clean up: 搯 (or 淘，掏) 井，水溝 clean out a well , a sewer;
搯耳朵 pick the ears.

掐 Num. Index: 10A.,21-9 chia . [Dist. 搯 tau]

V.t. (1) To gather with the hand (cogn. 夾 jiar): 把東西掐在一起 gather the things together with fingers;
把紙掐在一起 nip the papers together with paper nip;
把頭髮掐起來 gather up one’s hair;
手况掐著一把青菜 holding or grasping a bunch of vegetables in his hand.
(2) To pinch, nip: 掐他一把 pinch (s.o.);
掐得好痛 give a painful pinch;
掐斷了 break off with hand;
掐花 break off a flower from stem;
掐頭去尾 to nip off unwanted parts (of vegetables, etc.).
(3) To choke: 掐住了，掐喉嚨 to choke, be choked in the throat;
掐死了 choked to death.
To bend fingers in counting: 掐算，掐指一算，掐弄 count by fingers.

Words 1. 掐把 chia-ba, v.t., to pinch, hurt by pinching;
2. 掐把 chia-ba, v.t., (fig.) to treat harshly.
3. 掐尖兒 chia-jiae-’l, v.i., (1) to nip off young branches for better growth of plants;
4. 掐尖兒 chia-jiae-’l, v.i., (2) 掐尖兒，掐尖落鈔 make illegal profit, nip off profits for oneself.
5. 掐訣 chia-jyuer, v.i., (Taoist) to make finger gestures during incantations.

掛 Num. Index: 10A.22-1 guah [Interch. 挂]

V.t. (1) Hang up, suspend: 懸掛 hang (pictures, scrolls, etc.) on the wall;
高掛 hang high up;
掛起來 have (s.t.) hung up;
掛上 ditto, pin up;
掛羊頭，賣狗肉 carry high-sounding but misleading names (lit., “hang a sheep’s head as shop sign and sell dog meat”);
掛幌子 (of shops) put up a signboard to advertise goods, give oneself away: 他剛才準是喝了酒，臉上都掛幌子了 he must have had a drink or two a moment ago, for his face shows it.
(2) Put on record, register: 掛名 guah-mirng, 掛賬 guah-jahng, 掛號 guah-hauh↓;
掛一漏萬 (author’s apologetic phrase) I may have left out many important facts, cases.
(3) Have or keep in mind, remember: 記掛 think of;
掛念 guah-niahn↓;
掛在心上 keep in mind;
牽掛 be concerned about;
掛慮 be anxious about;
掛懷 guah-huair↓.

Words 1. 掛礙 guah-aih, n., a hindrance, impediment;
2. 掛礙 guah-aih, v.i., to be concerned.
3. 掛欠 guah-chiahn, v.i., charge to one’s account.
4. 掛齒 guah-chyy, v.t., (LL) to mention, refer to (lit., “hang on one’s teeth”): 何足掛齒 don’t mention it.
5. 掛單 guah-dan, v.i., (of Buddhist priest) put up at a temple for a short stay.
6. 掛漖 guah-gou, n., (of railway cars) the coupling links.
7. 掛冠 guah-guan, v.i., (of official) resign from office (lit., “hang up the official hat”): 掛冠而去 resign and go home.
8. 掛號 guah-hauh, v.t., to regsiter (at school, hospital, etc.);
9. 掛號 guah-hauh, v.t., 掛號信 a registered letter.
10. 掛懷 guah-huair, v.t., be ever thinking of, bear in mind.
11. 掛火（兒） guah-huoo(’l), v.i., (coll.) be furious.
12. 掛紅 guah-hurng, v.i., hang up a red banner on festive occasions.
13. 掛賬 guah-jahng, v.t., charge to one’s account.
14. 掛僵（兒） guah-jiang(’l), v.i., be humiliated and burst into a fury.
15. 掛勁（兒） guah-jihn(guah-jieh-l), v.i., be furious, see guah-huoo↑.
16. 掛樁 guah-juang, v.t., to shadow s.o. before arresting him.
17. 掛鐘 guah-jung, n., a wall clock.
18. 掛累 guah-leei, v.t., implicate, involve s.o. in trouble.
19. 掛零（兒） guah-lirng(’l), adj., odd, with a little extra: 他已經五十掛零了 he is over fifty (“fifty plus”)
20. 掛麵 guah-miahn, n., noodles made by hanging dough-strings to dry on a frame.
21. 掛名（兒） guah-mirng(’l), v.i., hold a position in name but not in fact: 掛名差事 a sinecure.
22. 掛念 guah-niahn, v.t., be ever thinking of, bear in mind.
23. 掛屏兒 guah-pirng-’l, n., a hung picture used as wall decoration.
24. 掛孝 guah-shiauh, v.i., wear mourning.
25. 掛心 guah-shin, v.i., be concerned about.
26. 掛錫 guah-shir, v.i., (of Buddhist priest) putup in a temple for the night (from “hang the pewter staff”)
27. 掛帥 guah-shuaih, v.t. & n., (1) be appointed a commanding general;
28. 掛帥 guah-shuaih, v.t. & n., (2) such appointment.
29. 掛失 guah-sky, v.t., give notice of the loss of (bank checks, important papers, etc.)
30. 掛彩 guah-tsaai, v.i., (1) hang up red ribbons on festive occasions, seeguah-hurng↑;
31. 掛彩 guah-tsaai, v.i., (2) (of soldiers) be wounded in action.
32. 掛圖 guah-tur, n., a wall map or chart.
33. 掛味兒 guah-weh-’l, adj., (of singing or food) pleasing to the ear or palate, pleasant to listen to or to eat.

撕 Num. Index: 10A.22-2 sy .

V.t. (1) To tear:撕開 tear open;
撕裂，撕碎 tear to pieces;
撕破 break, scratch (skin, cover) by hand, claws.
(2) (Coll.) to cut a piece of material at a shop: 到佈舖撕半匹綢子來 please go and buy (“cut”) half a bolt of silk for me.

Words 1. 撕打 sy-daa, v.i., engage in fisticuffs.
2. 撕羅（擄） sy-’luo, v.t., (1) to break up (a fight);
3. 撕羅（擄） sy-’luo, v.t., (2) to deal with some difficult matter;
4. 撕羅（擄） sy-’luo, v.t., to disentangle (affair);
5. 撕羅（擄） sy-’luo, v.t., (3) to romp and play with (person).
6. 撕旁岔兒 sy-parng-chah-’l, v.i., to beat about the bush, evade question and confuse issue.
7. 撕票（兒） sy-piauh(’l), v.i., to kill kidnapped person (票 person kidnapped and held for ransom, see 綁 ^ 票 93B.22).

扑 Num. Index: 10A.22-2 pu .

N. (AC) the teacher’s rod.

V.t. & i. Var. of 撲 10A.81.

抻 Num. Index: 10A.22-2 shehn (also chen ).

V.t. To pull, strecth: 把這張紙抻開 stretch out this piece of paper.

排 Num. Index: 10A.22-2 pair .

N. (1) Row: 第一，前，後排 first, front, back row;
一排一排的人 rows of people.
(2) An army unit, platoon: 排長 pair-jaang↓.
(3) A volley, a string of shots, cartridges: 一排鎗，子彈.

V.t. (1) To set, arrange in order, in a row or formation: 排得緊 arrange closely;
並排 arrange alongside;
排列 pair-lieh↓;
排開 spread out ,also break off scuffle;
排起來 set up (objects) for show;
排著 arranged for show, showing in place;
安排 set in proper place;
排隊 form in line;
排隊遊行 parade;
排班 arrange teams for turns of work;
排陣 deploy troops;
排陣勢 in battle formation;
排龍 ^ 門陣 60S.70;
排飯，排桌子 set table;
排位 set seating order at table;
排（八）掛 arrange the eight diagrams;
排版 compose type;
排頭排尾 set or stand first ,last;
安 ^ 排 62.93.
(2) To push out, dispel: 排悶 dispel boredom;
排除 to exclude, to push aside, to overcome;
排難解紛 mediate disputes;
排山倒海 overwhelm by hordes of troops (like crushing waves);
排沙□金 sift sand for gold, (fig.) sift minutely, also 披沙揀金;
(3) To campaign against: 排外運動 anti-foreign movement;
排俄，排華 anti-Russian, anti-Chinese, etc.;
編^排93B.42;
(4) 排戲 -to cast, rehearse or present play.

Words 1. 排筆 pair-bii, n., a form of multiple brushes used in painting.
2. 排杈兒 pair-chah-’l, n., a kind of latticework in window;
3. 排杈兒 pair-chah-’l, n., a crisp, fluffy, eatable made of flour.
4. 排㪫 pair-charng, adj., impressive looking (of dress, feasts, gatherings).
5. 排球 pair-chiour, n., volleyball.
6. 排斥 pair-chyh¹, v.t., to boycott, attack, discard, condemn (foreign goods, influence, school of thought).
7. 排翅 pair-chyh², n., whole-piece sharks’ fin, as defferent from loose ends.
8. 排骨 pair-guu (pair-’guu), n., pork ribs.
9. 排行 pair-harng, n., seniority among brothers, sisters: 排行第五 No.5.
10. 排長 pair-jaang, n., lieutenant.
11. 排解 pair-jiee, v.t., mediate.
12. 排擠 pair-jii, v.t., team up against, boycott (goods), squeeze out (person).
13. 排列 pair-lieh, v.t., arrange (objects, persons) in order.
14. 排律 pair-lyuh, n., a form of Tarng poetry, with at least three antithetical couplets (see 律 ^ 詩 91B.10).
15. 排門（兒） pair-mern (pair-mer-’l), adv., (sell) door to door.
16. 排比 pair-pii, v.t., to arrange in order (for comarison);
17. 排比 pair-pii, v.t., to criticize (people, faults);
18. 排比 pair-pii, n., (rhetoric) parallel construction.
19. 排簫 pair-shiau, n., a form of ancient panpipes.
20. 排洩（泄） pair-shieh, v.t., execrete, let off (anger, excrement);
21. 排洩（泄） pair-shieh, 排洩物 n., excrement;
22. 排洩（泄） pair-shieh, 排洩器 n., stool, organ for draining fluid.
23. 排水量 pai-shueei-liahng, n., (of ships) displacement.
24. 排揎 pair-shyuan, v.t., to make satirical remarks about (person), humiliate by scoffing.
25. 排闥而入 pair-tah-erl-ruh, phr., (LL) break into room unceremoniously.
26. 排子車 pairt-zy-che, n., large handcart used for hou

拂 Num. Index: 10A.22-2 fur (*bih ).

N. (fur-tz) A duster.

V.i. & t. (1) Brush, brush off: 拂塵，拂灰 brush off dust, ashes;
拂淚而別 wipe tears and leave;
拂桌子 to dust table;
拂抹 clean up;
拂拭 fur-shyh↓.
(2) To touch lightly as light breeze:春風拂面 the spring wind caresses the cheek;s
拂曉，拂晨 fur-shiaau, fur-chern¹↓.
(3) To make a rapid sweeping motion: 拂袖而去 giving a sweeping jerk with (his) sleeves, (he) left;
拂衣而去 ditto, leave abruptly;
拂衣shake the clothing.
(4) To cross one’s wishes, to defy: 拂盛意 disobey your warm friendly wishes.
拂輿情 defy public sentiment;
拂逆，拂意 fur-nih fur-yih↓.
(5) (AC) (*bih) 拂士 (AC) straight-speaking advisors.

Words 1. 拂晨 fur-chern¹, adv., at daybreak.
2. 拂塵 fur-chern², v.i., (LL)shake off the dust of journey, give welcome dinner, more commonly 洗塵.
3. 拂拂 fur-fur, adv., flapping.
4. 拂戾 fur-lih, adj. disobedient, unruly.
5. 拂逆 fur-nih, v.t., ditto:不敢拂逆你的好意 dare not but obey your wishes.
6. 拂曉 fur-shiaau, adv., at break of day.
7. 拂手 fur-shoou, n., a duster.
8. 拂拭 fur-shyh, v.t., brush clean (a mirror, etc.).
9. 拂子介 fur-tzyy-jieh, n., Portuguese man-of-war, sponge-like creature, Hyalomena sieboldi.
10. 拂意 fur-yih, v.i., go against wishes;
11. 拂意 fur-yih, v.i., feel one’s wishes thwarted.

揶 Num. Index: 10A.22-3 yer .

Words 1. 揶揄 yer-yur, v.t., to deride, tease, taunt (person).

抔 Num. Index: 10A.22-3 pour .

V.t. & n. To hold, catch (soil) by cupped hands (抔土).
drink from cupped hands (抔水而飲).

押 Num. Index: 10A.22-4 ya (*yar ).

V.t. (1) To pawn, mortgage: 抵押 v.t. & n., (put up) security for loan;
典押 v.t. & n., mortgage.
(2) To detain by police, to guard or watch from behind:扣押，押起來 to detain person;
看押 keep under detention;
押解，押送 ya-jieh, ya-suhng↓;
押到警察局escort (suspect) to the police station;
押車 to accompany and guard goods in cart;
押尾 ya-weei↓.
(3) To affix signature:簽押 attach signature to contrac;t
畫押 make a sign in lieu of signature for the illiterate;
花押 affix private mark (some kind of monogram) at the end.
(4) U.f. 壓 51A.11, (a) press down, repress;
(b) to shelve (a paper) for later attention.

Words 1. 押標金 ya-biau-jin, n., bond for a bid.
2. 押契 ya-chih, n., a mortgage deed.
3. 押宝 ya-chuarng, n., formerly, a torture bed, to which prisoner was fastened, (cf. Procrustean bed).
4. 押當 ya-dahng, v.i. & t., to pawn (s.t.).
5. 押抵 ya-dii, v.t., to mortgage, use as security for loan (also 抵押).
6. 押發 ya-fa, v.t., to send away (prisoner) under guard, see ya-suhng↓.
7. 押縫 *yar-fehng, v.t., formerly, to sign on last and/or first page of old manuscript as testimonial.
8. 押封 ya-feng, v.t., to seal and attach (property).
9. 押號 ya-hauh, n., a private mark as signature.
10. 押後 ya-houh, v.i., to defer;
11. 押後 ya-houh, v.i., to remand (in law).
12. 押㶅 ya-hueih, n., a bill of exchange.
13. 押賬 ya-jahng, v.i. & n., (use as) security for loan.
14. 押解 ya-jieh, v.t., to send away (prisoner, goods) under guard.
15. 押金 ya-jin, n., deposit, security money.
16. 押質 ya-jyh, v.t. & n., to pawn, mortgage.
17. 押款 ya-kuaan, v.i. & t., to borrow money with security.
18. 押歲 ya-sueih, n., a New Year gift esp. for children (usu.wr. 壓歲)
19. 押送 ya-suhng, v.t., to send away under guard.
20. 押頭 (兒) ya’tou(’l), n., (1) security, collateral;
21. 押頭 (兒) ya’tou(’l), n., (2) (MC) officer in charge of prisoner being transported.
22. 押租 ya-tzu, n., deposit for rent.
23. 押字 *yar-tzyh, n., signature.
24. 押尾 *yar-weei, n., (1) see-fehng↑;
25. 押尾 *yar-weei, n., (2) v.i., to bring up the rear.
26. 押運 ya-yuhn¹, v.t., to transport goods under guard.
27. 押韻 ya-yuhn², v.i., to rhyme (verse).

挪 Num. Index: 10A.22-5 nuor .

V.t. To move, transfer:挪動，挪借，挪用 nuor-duhng, nuor-jieh, nuor-yuhng↓;
挪騷窩兒 an infant baby’s first visit after birth to the outside world, which must be the home of its maternal grandmother;
挪開 draw apart, move away.

Words 1. 挪動 nuor-duhng, v.t., move (furniture, etc.) to another place;
2. 挪動 nuor-duhng, v.t., touch, dislocate.
3. 挪借 nuor-jieh, v.t., apply funds temporarily for some other use.
4. 挪威 Nuor-wei, n., Norway.
5. 挪用 nuor-yuhng, v.t., see nuor-jieh↑;
6. 挪用 nuor-yuhng, v.t., 挪用公款 appropriate public funds for personal use.

掃 Num. Index: 10A.22-5 saau (*sauh ). [Usu. wr. 掃]

N. (*sauh) (1) (shau-tz) A broom.
(2) Special bags of willow branches, framed by bamboo, for buiding dykes;
mattress used in dyke construction.

V.t. (1) To sweep (floor): 打掃，清掃 ditto;
灑掃 spray and sweep;
gen. clean up room;
灑掃應對 cleaning up room and good manners in replying to questions as part of child’s education.
(2) To sweep clean, or sweep off: 掃除 saau-chur↓;
掃數 saau-shuh↓;
掃射 to strafe;
掃田刮地 do menial work;
掃蕩 saau-dahng↓.
(3) To paint the eyebrow: 淡掃蛾眉朝至尊 went to see the emperor with touched-up eyebrow—without heavy rouge;
see 掃眉 saau-meir↓.
(4) To take in a sweeping glance: 眉目况掃人 saw at gance.

Words 1. 掃把 *sauh-baa, n., a broomstick.
2. 掃邊 saau-bian, n., minor role in Chin. opera.
3. 掃晴娘 (兒) saau-chirng-niarng(’l), n., a cut-paper figure of woman with a broom, put under eaves to pray for clearing up of skies.
4. 掃除 saau-chur, v.t., to sweep away (obstacles).
5. 掃蕩 saau-dahng, v.t., to clean up, to wipe out, to map up (all enemy).
6. 掃地 saau-dih, v.i., to sweep the floor;
7. 掃地 saau-dih, v.i., 斯文掃地 the cultural tradition topples over.
8. 掃房 saau-farng, v.i., make gen. house-cleaning.
9. 掃軌 saur-gueei, phr., (AC) sweep off, i.e., obliterate the tracks, to show there have been no (political) visitors.
10. 掃海 saur-haai, v.i., sweep off mines in sea.
11. 掃帚 sauh-’jou, n., a broomstick. 掃帚星 sauh-’jou-shing, n., a comet.
12. 掃雷艇 saau-leir-ting, n., mine sweeper.
13. 掃臉 saur-liaan, v.i., to “lose face”: 掃臉的事 a disgraceful affair.
14. 掃眉 saau-meir, phr., 掃眉才子 a girl poet or author (“scholar with picked eyebrows”).
15. 掃墓 saau-muh, v.i., visit grave on 清明 Chingmirng day.
16. 掃平 saau-pirng, v.t., to squelch, quash (rebellion).
17. 掃興 saau-shihng (sauh-shihng), v.i., feel disappointed;
18. 掃興 saau-shihng (sauh-shihng), v.i., adj., disappointing.
19. 掃數 saau-shuh, adv., the whole amount (repaid, etc.).
20. 掃榻 saau-tah, v.i., (LL) to welcome visitor (“sweep the mat”).
21. 掃堂腿 saau-tarng-tueei, n., a move in boxing, stretch leg on floor to topple opponent.
22. 掃聽 saau-’ting, v.i., to pick up, fish for, news (＝打聽).
23. 掃營兒 saau-yirng-’l, adv., (coll.) see saau-shuh↑.

抃 Num. Index: 10A.22-6 biahn .

V.i. (LL) show happiness: 抃掌 clap applause
抃舞，抃躍 jump and dance for joy.

擠 Num. Index: 10A.22-6 jii .

V.t. To crowd, push against, exert pressure on: 擁擠 crowd together;
擠死了 be squeezed to death;
擠擠插插 jammed with people;
擠滿 be filled to overflowing, overcrowded;
擠上前去 push to the front;
擠進去 to force a passage through;
擠來擠去 push about;
排擠 discriminate against;
擠奶 to milk an animal;
擠水 wring out water;
擠古眼兒 make grimaces;
擠眉弄眼 ditto;
擠對 jii-dueir, 擠陷 jii-shiahn↓.

Words 1. 擠對 jii-’duei, v.t., to force (s.o.’s) hand, embarrass.
2. 擠兌 jii-dueih, v.i., & n., run on a bank.
3. 擠陷 jii-shiahn, v.t., plot to cause (s.o.’s) downfall.

搾 Num. Index: 10A.22-6 jah . [Var. 榨]

V.i. & t. (1) To squeeze (tax, money): 搾取 jah-chyuu↓.
(2) To press (wine, juice): 壓搾 to press (juice), also to squeeze (money) by pressure, to oppress (people).

Words 1. 搾宝 jah-chuarng, n., wine press, oil press and the like.
2. 搾取 jah-chyuu, v.t., to obtain (money) by political pressure, or tyranny.
3. 搾菜 jah-tsaih, n., a kind of pickled vegetable root, much used for flavoring.

搛 Num. Index: 10A.22-8 jian .

V.t. Pick up with a forked instrument: 搛菜 pick up food with chopsticks, help guest to some food.

擲 Num. Index: 10A.22-8 jyr .

擲 Num. Index: N.1

擲 Num. Index: N.1

V.t. To throw (ball, spear, dice, rock, etc.): 擲下，擲去 throw away;
擲還 (court. in letter) please return (borrowed book, etc.);
擲中 (jyr-juhng) hit by throwing;
擲鐵球 put the shot 擲鐵鉼 throw the discus;
擲標槍 throw javelin.

Words 1. 擲老羊 jyr-laau-yarng, phr., a dice game.
2. 擲骰子 jyr-shaai-’tz, phr., to throw dice (also wr. 擲色子).
3. 擲棱 jyr-suo, phr., a passing of loom shuttle, (fig.) the quick passing of time.
4. 擲采 jyr-tsaai, phr., see jyr-shaai-’tz.

抑 Num. Index: 10A.22-9 yih .

V.t. (1)To stop, block, hinder, repress: 抑強扶弱 restrain the powerful and help the weak;
抑制，抑止 yih-jyh, yih-jyy↓;
抑割 (AC) abandon, cut off.
(2) (AC) to bend (head);
to concede.

Conj. (LL) or, or else (somewhat rhet.): 人歟，抑鬼耶 is it a human being or is it a ghost?
不知乎，抑不為乎 didn’t he know, or didn’t he want to do it? 抑或 yih-huoh↓;
抑且 yih-chiee↓.

Words 1. 抑且 yih-chiee, conj., furthermore, besiders.
2. 抑糴 yih-dir, v.i., compulsorily buy grain from the people at reduced prices.
3. 抑或 yih-huoh, conj., or else, or perhaps (rhet.).
4. 抑制 yih-jyh, v.t., to repress (desire, rebellion, etc.);
5. 抑制 yih-jyh, v.t., 抑制劑 n., depressant, sedative.
6. 抑止 yih-jyy, v.t., to stop;
7. 抑止 yih-jyy, v.t., suppress.
8. 抑勒 yih-leh, v.t., to restrain by force, to suppress.
9. 抑搔 yih-sau, v.i., (AC) to massage (parents) and scratch itches for them.
10. 抑塞 yih-seh, (LL)(1) v.i. & t., to block propress;
11. 抑塞 yih-seh, (2) adj., or p.p., (drain) blocked;
12. 抑塞 yih-seh, adj., (people) hindered from rising to top.
13. 抑損 yih-suun, (1) v.t., (LL) to restrain (excesses);
14. 抑損 yih-suun, (2) v.i., to minimize oneself, be modest.
15. 抑揚 yih-yarng, (1) adj., rising and falling (of tones, rhythm);
16. 抑揚 yih-yarng, (2) n., praise and blame;
17. 抑揚 yih-yarng, (3) adj., drifting aimlessly.
18. 抑抑 yih-yih, adj., (AC) meticulously correct (manners).

折 Num. Index: 10A.22-9 jer (*sher *je ).

N. (1) A bend, a twist :曲^折 22.41.
(2) Discount: 七折 30% discount;
六折 40% discount;
折頭 jer-’tou↓.
(3) An act in Yuarn drama
(4) A surname.

V.i. & t. (1) To break off: 折斷 jer-duahn↓;
攀折花木 to break off flowers and branches;
折柳，折桂 jer-lioou, jer-gueih↓;
折骨 break a bone;
折□ open a letter;
折券 burn I.O,U. (act of generosity).
(2) (*sher) Break: 棍子折了 the cane is broken in two.
(3) To pronounce verdict, to judge: 折獄 jer-yuh↓.
(4) To die young: 夭折，早折.
(5) (jer or *sher) To lose money in business: 虧折 ditto;
折損 ,折本 jer-suun, jer-been↓;
折耗 depreciate in value.
(6) To admire (person): 心折 admire person’s superior ability;
折服 jer-fur¹↓.
(7) To discount, sell at lower rate, convert property into cash: 不折不扣 no discount, also completely (true, etc.);
折半 50% discount;
折變，折賣 to sell property, jer-biahn, jer-maih↓;
折合，折賬 jer-her jer-jahng↓.
(8) To humiliate: 折磨，折辱 jer-’mor, jer-ruh²↓.
(9) (*je) To toss about: 折跟頭 turn somersault:折過兒 turn over
折餅，折騰，折籮 jer-biing, jer-teng, jer-luor↓.
(10) To cool (liquid) by pouring into another cup successively.
(11) To turn back: 折回 jer-hueir↓;
折入 turn into another street.

Words 1. 折半 jer-bahn, v.i., to sell at half price.
2. 折北 jer-beei, v.i., be defeated.
3. 折本 jer-been (*sher-been), v.i., sell below cost.
4. 折變 jer-biahn, v.i., (1) to sell property to pay debt;
5. 折變 jer-biahn, v.i., (2) (in Suhng Dyn.) to pay tax by equivalent value in some other goods.
6. 折餅 *je-biing, v.i., to toss about in bed (as in colic, like “turning over cake” in oven).
7. 折衝 jer-chung, v.i., to blunt enemy attack: 折衝樽俎 to conduct diplomatic negotiations (樽俎 “over wine. and meat” dinners).
8. 折斷 jer-duahn, v.t., to break in two.
9. 折服 jer-fur¹, v.i., to admit defeat, admit another’s superiority (also wr. 折伏).
10. 折福 jer-fur², v.i., to be extravagant or enjoy inordinately (lit., “overdraw on reserve of happiness”).
11. 折乾兒 jer-gan (jer-ga-’l), v.i., to give gifts of cash instead of articles.
12. 折桂 jer-gueih, v.t., to pass the degree in civil examinations (“break the laurel branch” like Eng. “win the laurel wreath”).
13. 折合 jer-her, v.t., to be worth (thirty dollars, etc.) after discount or accouding to exchange rates.
14. 折回 jer-hueir, v.t., to turn back on the road.
15. 折賬 jer-jahng, v.i., to pay by goods in lieu of cash.
16. 折履 jer-ji, phr., (allu.) joy of receiving a great friend— “break the wooden clogs”over a threshold in the rush of welcome.
17. 折價 jer-jiah, v.i., mark down price;
18. 折價 jer-jiah, v.i., make cheap sale.
19. 折節 jer-jier, v.i., (1) to lower or humiliate oneself;
20. 折節 jer-jier, v.i., (2) to change one’s beliefs or loyalties.
21. 折中 jer-jung, v.i., to compromise;
22. 折中 jer-jung, v.i., 折中辦法 a compromise (also wr. 折衷).
23. 折枝 jer-jy, v.i., (1) to paint only two or three branches in a painting;
24. 折枝 jer-jy, v.i., (2)為長者折枝 (allu.) s.t. very easy to do.
25. 折扣 jer-’kouh, n., discount: 多少折扣 what is the discount?
26. 折柳 jer-lioou, v.i., (allu.) “break a willow branch” when parting with friend.
27. 折籮 *je-luor, n., leftover of a banquet, collected in a basket, chop suey.
28. 折賣 jer-’maih, v.i., to sell property to pay debt (＝變賣), see 折 V.i. & t.7↑
29. 折磨 jer-mor, v.i. & n., (or 磨折) a series of mishaps, hardships or slow torture by mistress: 經過了這場折磨 after the series of persecutions.
30. 折入 jer-ruh¹, v.i., (1) turn into another street;
31. 折入 jer-ruh¹, v.i., (2) recovered capital at discount.
32. 折辱 jer-ruh², v.t. & n., humiliate, -ed, -tion.
33. 折煞 jer-’sha, v.t., (or 折殺) break the luck: 你折煞我 you overwhelm me with more than what I deserve, see jer-fur²↑.
34. 折射 jer-sheh, v.t. & n., (phys.) refract, -tion.
35. 折現 jer-shiahn¹, phr., convert into cash.
36. 折線 jer-shiahn², n., (math.) broken line.
37. 折受 jer-shouh¹, v.t., see jer-fur²↑.
38. 折壽 jer-shouh², phr., to do s.t. (such as overindulgence) which cuts short a man’s normal span of life;
39. 折壽 jer-shouh², phr., enjoy now, pay later.
40. 折水 jer-shueei, n., discount in exchange.
41. 折損 jer-suun, v.t. & n., to damage, a damage (in property, flowers in garden, reputation, etc.).
42. 折騰 *je-’teng, v.i. & t., (1) to toss about;
43. 折騰 *je-’teng, v.i. & t., (2) indulge or spend freely: 他把上萬家當都折騰了 he has squandered away a fortune of over ten thousand dollars.
44. 折頭 jer-’tou, n., discount, discount for commission agent.
45. 折腰 jer-yau, phr., to “bend one’s waist”: 不能為五斗米折腰 (陶淵明) cannot make curtsies for the salary of five bushels of rice-sick of officials life.
46. 折獄 jer-yuh, phr., to decide a legal case: 片言可以折獄 (AC) can settle a case at court with a few simple words.

拆 Num. Index: 10A.22-9 cheh (sp. pr. *cheh or chai both allowable).

V.i. & t. (1) (*cheh) To tear apart, break up: 拆信，拆封 open letter, envelope;
拆開來看 open (letter, package) and see;
拆裂 split up.
(2) (*chai) To break up, tear down, wreck (house): 拆房子 tear down house;
拆臺 cheh-tair↓;
拆平 to level (building);
拆毀 cheh-hueei;↓
(3) (cheh) To break up and analyze, dissect: 拆字，拆辯 cheh-tzyh, cheh-biahn↓.

Words 1. 拆白黨 chai-bair-daang (cheh-ber-daang), n., gang of swindlers, oft. practising confidence game: 女拆白 woman swindler.
2. 拆辯 *cheh-biahn, v.i., (MC) to argue law case.
3. 拆穿 *chai-chuan, v.t., reveal (secret, motive): 拆穿西洋景 (鏡) destroy illusory setup, expose trickery.
4. 拆毀 *cheh-hueei, v.t., to destroy, tear down (bridge, etc.), dismantle (house).
5. 拆貨 *chai-huoh, v.i., deal in the business of wrecking (houses, etc.) and selling broden-up timber, tiles, etc.
6. 拆開 *cheh-kai, v.t., break open (letter);
7. 拆開 *cheh-kai, v.t., take things apart to study.
8. 拆爛污 *chai-lahn-wu, v.i., to do things lousily and leave a mess.
9. 拆票 *chai-piauh, v.i., formerly, settle transfer of accounts between local banks morning and noon.
10. 拆散 *cheh-saan, v.t., break up (family, mother and son).
11. 拆梢 *chai-shau, v.i., (Shanghai dial.) to swindle.
12. 拆洗 chai-shii, v.t., take off and wash (bed sheets, etc.).
13. 拆息 *chai-shir, v.i. & n., (pay) daily interest on loan.
14. 拆臺 *chai-tair, v.i., (lit.) tear down stage－to expose or otherwise do harm to a program: 別拆我的臺 do not undermine what I am doing.
15. 拆字 *cheh-tzyh, v.i., (fortune telling) dissect components of character to give an esoteric meaning.

插 Num. Index: 10A.22-9 cha . [Pop. of 插 10A.21]

𡑔 Num. Index: 10A.30-1 ja .

V.i. & t. To grasp by hand: 𡑔得穩，𡑔緊 grasp tight
𡑔爛，𡑔碎 crush by hand.

搕 Num. Index: 10A.30-1 ke .

V.i. & t. To knock, hit: 搕扁 to flatten
搕碎 smash to pieces
(cf. 磕 31B.30).

扯 Num. Index: 10A.30-2 chee .

V.i. & t. (1) To pull (apart, off): 扯破了，扯壞了，扯爛 to pull about and spoil, break by pulling and fumbling;
扯開嘴巴 open mouth wide;
扯開嗓子 speak or sing out loud;
扯住袖子 pull by the sleeve;
扯住不放 grab (person) and will not let go;
扯鈴 pull the bell;
扯衣領 grab by the collar;
扯頭髮 pull by the hair;
扯上扯下 pull up and down;
東拉西扯 talk incoherently, also put together (money, etc.) from different sources or do patch work in writing.
(2) To tear (off, apart): 扯碎 tear to pieces;
撕扯 crumble up and tear (paper);
扯票 chee-piauh↓.
(3) To hoist (sail, flag).
(4) To involve by talk, to ramble in all directions, to lie: 牽扯的人太多 involve too many persons (in scandal);
扯拉 che-la↓;
拉拉扯扯 or 扯扯拉拉 pull and push, ramble in talk;
扯東扯西 ditto.
(5) To gossip, talk irresponsibly, to lie: 扯謊 chee-huaang↓;
瞎扯，胡扯，亂扯 gable, gossip irresponsibly.

Words 1. 扯倒 cher-daau, v.i., quit: 倘不願意，扯倒罷休 if you don’t like it, you can just quit.
2. 扯淡 chee-dahn, v.i., talk idly.
3. 扯謊 cher-huaang, v.i., to lie: 不用扯謊 don’t lie to me.
4. 扯拉 chee-la, v.t., involve (person) in talk: 扯拉上人 (or 別人) mention names, involve others.
5. 扯落 chee’luo, v.i., as in 心愛的人扯落幵你 (MC) s.o., who loves you will not let you go.
6. 扯票 chee-piauh, phr., (1) destroy (a ballot, ticket);
7. 扯票 chee-piauh, phr., (2) (coll) kill kidnapped person when ransom is not paid.
8. 扯臊 chee-sauh, v.i., should be ashamed, shame on you! talk nonsense.
9. 扯手 cher-shoou, n., the reins.

□ Num. Index: 10A.30-2 daang dahng . [Pop. of 擋 10A.41]

扛 Num. Index: 10A.30-3 gang (*karng ).

V.t. (1) Lift up, heave (a heavy object with both hands or by two or more persons at the same time): 力能扛鼎 so strong as to be able to lift up a tripod.
(2) (*karng) Carry on the shoulders: 扛東西，扛在肩膀上 carry on one’s shoulers.
(3) (*karng) Answer back.

Words 1. 扛叉的 *karng-cha-’de, n., a person who protects prostitutes from molestation.
2. 扛夫 *karng-fu, n., a worker employed to carry loads on shoulders.
3. 扛肩兒的 *karng-jial-’de, n., a porter who carries heavy objects on back.
4. 扛頭 *karng-tour, v.i., to throw one’s head up in a gesture of disdain, said esp. of proud prostitutes.

掗 Num. Index: 10A.30-3 yah .

V.t. To hold, grasp fast, to hold and shake.

Words 1. 掗把 yah’ba, v.t., (MC) to have in one’s grasp or firm control.
2. 掗擺 yah-baai, v.t., (MC) ditto.

拯 Num. Index: 10A.30-3 jeeng .

V.t. To rescue from fire or flood: 拯救 jeeng-jiouh↓
to save (souls).

Words 1. 拯救 jeeng-jiouh, v.t., to rescue, aid, relieve (the distressed);
2. 拯救 jeeng-jiouh, v.t., to save from sin.
3. 拯恤 jeeng-shyuh, v.t., to give relief (to the poor).

汮 Num. Index: 10A.30-4 dan , dahn . [Pop. of 擔 10A.40]

搵 Num. Index: 10A.30-4 wehn .

V.t. To press down with knuckles: 搵淚, see 抆^淚 10A.82.

□ Num. Index: 10A.30-4 nie . [Var. of 捏，□; cf. 𢕔]

V.t. (1) Seize, take hold of, pinch, apply pressure with hands, strangle: □ (一) 把汗 be seized with fear or deep concern;
□著 hold between fingers;
□著鼻子 suffer patiently and silently;
□著頭皮 ditto;
□住了 have finally caught (s.t.);
□手□腳 do things stealthily;
□神□鬼 plan behind (s.o.’s) back;
□他的腿 pinch his leg;
□他一把 give him a pinch;
□死 strangle (s.o.) to death;
(2) Knead with the fingers, mold: □塑 nie-suh↓;
□泥人 make an earthen figurine;
□麵團 knead dough;
□一撮土 knead a pinch of earth;
□一把泥 knead a handful of mud;
(3) Fabricate, trump up: □造 nie-tzauh↓;
□報 nie-bauh↓;
拿□ hesitant, wavering.

Words 1. □報 nie-bauh, v.t., make a false report.
2. □病 nie-bihng, v.i., feign sickness.
3. □告 nie-gauh, v.t., accuse (s.o.) falsely.
4. □咕 nei-’gu, v.t., reconcile, mediate, bring together (＝撮合).
5. □合 nie-her, v.t., (1) reconcile, mediate;
6. □合 nie-her, v.t., (2) flirt with, have illicit sexual relations with.
7. □弄 nie’nuhng, v.t., (1) fabricate, trump up;
8. □弄 nie’nuhng, v.t., (2) reconcile, mediate;
9. □弄 nie’nuhng, v.t., manipulate.
10. □陷 nie-shiahn, v.t., implicate (s.o.) by groundless accusations.
11. □酸 nie-suan, v.i., to carry on with pompous air or affected scholar’s gait, to strut.
12. □塑 nie-suh, v.t., to mold (clay figures).
13. □詞 nie-tsyr, v.t., make a false statement, tell a lie.
14. □造 nie-tzauh, v.t., fabricate, trump up.

扭 Num. Index: 10A.30-5 nioou .

V.t. (1) Twist, wrench, turn round, sprain: 扭送 seize and turn over to (police, etc.);
扭打 to tussle, wrestle;
扭結 to tussle together;
扭斷 wrench off;
扭開 break (s.t.) open by force;
扭筋 sprain (ankle, wrist, etc.);
扭傷 sprain;
扭壞 (of human body) sprain, (of things) damage by manipulation;
扭了脖子 have one’s neck sprained;
扭過臉 turn one’s face away;
扭頭 turn one’s head;
扭乾 wring (s.t.) dry;
扭曲作直 (lit.) “turn (s.t.) crooked straight”－(fig.) turn black into white.
(2) (Of bodily movement) swing from side to side: 扭□ wriggle;
扭腰 wriggle one’s waist;
扭屁股，扭臀 wriggle one’s buttocks.

Adj. & adv. 扭扭□□ bashful;
扭股兒糖 in a twisting or wriggling manner;
扭扭搭搭 swinging from side to side.

Words 1. 扭轉 nioou-juaan, v.t., turn round: 扭轉頭去 turn round your head;
2. 扭轉 nioou-juaan, v.t., 扭轉劣勢 to check deteriorating conditions;
3. 扭轉 nioou-juaan, v.t., 扭轉大局 save a critical situation;
4. 扭轉 nioou-juaan, v.t., 扭轉乾坤 save a country or the world from disaster;
5. 扭轉 nioou-juaan, v.t., 扭轉心腸 make (s.o.) change his mind.
6. 扭扭舞 niour-niour-wuu, n., rock-and-rolk.

□ Num. Index: 10A.30-5 laan . [Var. of 攬 10A.70]

拉 Num. Index: 10A.30-6 la (*lar , *laa ).

V.i. & t. (1) To pull, drag, draw: 拉扯 la-chee↓;
拉拉扯扯 pull and drag this way and that;
拉過來 pull (s.t.) over here;
拉出去 drag (s.t. or s.o.) out;
拉長方臉兒 pull a long face;
拉的下臉來 can pull a long face;
拉不下臉來 embarrassed;
拉開 la-kai↓;
拉下窗簾 pull down the blinds;
拉縴 la-chiahn, 拉倒 la-daau, 拉運 la-yuh, 拉曳 la-yih↓;
拖拉 drag on or out;
拉鈴 pull the bell rope;
拉緊 (些) draw (s.t.)tight (er);
拉近 la-jihn↓;
拉長 pull or make (s.t.) longer, (fig.) cause (conversation, speech, or a piece of writing) to be tediously long;
拉幕 draw the cutain;
拉線 pull the wires;
拉線人 a wirepuller;
拉攏 la-’lung↓;
拉關係 try to draw close to (s.o.), (lit.) “draw relations with s.o.”;
拉馬 la-maa↓;
拉家帶口 bear family burdens;
拉鋸 la-jyuh↓;
拉提琴 play the Chin. fiddle;
拉胡琴 play a violin;
拉風箏 fly kite;
拉網 draw a net in;
拉車 pull cart;
拉板車 pull a handcart;
拉洋車 pull a rickshaw;
拉車的 a rickshaw puller;
拉硬弓 force (s.o.) to do (s.t.) against his will;
拉大片 (兒), 拉洋片 run a peep show.
(2) To hold: 手拉手 hold one another’s hand;
拉手 la-shoou↓;
一把拉住不放 hold and won’t let go;
拉他一把 give him a helping hand.
(3) To solicit: 拉買賣，拉生意，拉主道 solicit business;
拉客 solicit customers, said esp. of streetwalkers;
拉票 solicit votes;
拉股 solicit shareholders.
(4) To recruit, impress, look for: 拉角 recruit actors for play;
拉人 recruit men for service;
拉伕，拉夫 la-fu↓;
拉替身兒 look for (s.o.) to be the scapegoat for oneself.
(5) To cut, amputate, eliminate, move bowels: 拉掉 (surg.) amputate (any diseased part of the body);
摧枯拉朽(AC) (of obstacles easily overcome) like tearing down dried-up trees or buildings in decay;
拉屎 la-shyy, 拉尿la-niauh², 拉稀 la-shi↓;
拉了一褲子 wet one’s underwear;
拉肚子 have loose bowels;
拉不出來 have difficulty in moving one’s bowels;
還沒拉完 have not yet finished moving one’s bowels;
拉了兩天 have had loose bowels for two days in succession.
(6) To borrow or owe money: 拉賬 la-jahng, 拉空 la-kuhng↓;
拉一屁股債 owe a mountain of debts;
拉饑荒 la-ji-huang↓;
東拉西扯 owe debts all around, see la-chee↓.
(7) To leave behind, leave undone: 拉在後面 (of runners or cars) leave (s.o.) behind;
拉後勾兒 let (s.t.) remain unfinished with a view to its possible continuation later on;
拉長線 (兒) leave (s.t.) for future decision.
(8) To talk or gossip: 拉不斷，扯不斷 talk on and on without end;
拉短兒 talk behind s.o.’s back;
拉舌頭，拉老婆舌頭 (or 舌液) to gossip.
(9) (*lar) (Var. 剌) cut into two ,slash (*lar).

Words 1. 拉巴 la-’ba¹, v.t., pull and drag (＝拉扯).
2. 拉拔 la-’ba², v.t., promote a person’s career, help advance (person).
3. 拉絆 la-’ban, v.t., hamper, obstruct.
4. 拉叉 la-cha (sp. pr. la-chah), v.i., (of limbs, branches) extend in all directions.
5. 拉㪫 la-chaang, n., (of supporting actors in Chin. opera) intentional prolongation of time on stage to wait for the appearance of the leading actor or actress;
6. 拉㪫 la-chaang, n., 拉㪫子 acrobatic and other shows in market place.
7. 拉岔 la-chah, n., a kind of card game played for money.
8. 拉長 la-charng, v.i.& t., to prolong (business, voice).
9. 拉扯 la-chee, v.t., (1) pull and drag;
10. 拉扯 la-chee, v.t., (2) (la-’che) involve other persons by loose talk;
11. 拉扯 la-chee, v.t., give a helping hand to;
12. 拉扯 la-chee, v.t., help and support (s.o.);
13. 拉扯 la-chee, v.t., (3) (la-chee-’l) to even up, stretch even.
14. 拉縴 la-chiahn, v.t., (1) (of boat going upstream) pull the towrope;
15. 拉縴 la-chiahn, v.t., (2) (fig.) act as a go-between (also--兒).
16. 拉抽屜（兒） la-chou-’ti (la-chou-’tie-’l), v.i., pull out desk drawer;
17. 拉抽屜（兒） la-chou-’ti (la-chou-’tie-’l), v.i., (fig.) go back on one’s word;
18. 拉抽屜（兒） la-chou-’ti (la-chou-’tie-’l), v.i., make seesaw action.
19. 拉持 la-’chy, v.t., (dial.) bring (s.o.) up.
20. 拉倒 la-daau, v.t., (1) pull down;
21. 拉倒 la-daau, v.t., (2) (coll.) forget about it: 這件事我看還是拉倒罷！
22. 拉答 la-dar, adj., untidy, slovenly (of composition, furniture, etc.).
23. 拉丁 La-ding, n. & adj., (translit.) Latin (also wr. 臘丁).
24. 拉夫 la-fu, v.t., press men for miliatary or coolie service.
25. 拉忽 *laa-’hu, adj., (1) careless, negligent;
26. 拉忽 *laa-’hu, adj., (2) stupid, foolish, muddle-headed.
27. 拉火 la-huoo, n., fuse used for ancient-type cannon.
28. 拉賬 la-jahng, v.t., buy things on credit.
29. 拉饑荒 la-ji-huang, v.t., (coll.) run short or money.
30. 拉角 la-jiaau, v.t., recuit supporters or players.
31. 拉架 la-jiah, v.t., mediate between two persons quarrelling or fighting.
32. 拉近 la-jihn, v.t., draw nearer.
33. 拉鋸 la-jyuh, v.t., (1) cut with a saw;
34. 拉鋸 la-jyuh, v.t., (2) make seesaw movements: 拉鋸戰 (fight) a seesaw battle.
35. 拉開 la-kai, v.t., (1) pull or draw (s.t.) open or apart;
36. 拉開 la-kai, v.t., (2) (fighters) draw apart.
37. 拉跨 la-kuah, v.i., limp, walk lamely or unevenly.
38. 拉空 la-kuhng, v.i., run into debt.
39. 拉了 la-’le, (1) v.t., take off (boots, necktie);
40. 拉了 la-’le, (2) v.i., acknowledge defeat.
41. 拉鍊 la-liahn, n., zipper.
42. 拉攏 la-’lung, v.t., draw (s.o.) over to one’s side, draw persons with different views together.
43. 拉馬 la-maa, v.i., act as a pimp (also 拉皮條 ).
44. 拉溺 la-niauh¹, v.i., to pass water.
45. 拉尿 la-niauh², v.i., ditto.
46. 拉弄 la-’nung, v.t. & n., (1) pull apart: 這本書被你拉弄散了 you hav pulled the book apart;
47. 拉弄 la-’nung, v.t. & n., (2) wear and tear: 這件衣裳不禁拉弄 this dress cannot stand wear and tear.
48. 拉皮條 la-pir-’tiaur, v.i., act as a pimp (also 拉皮條縴 la-pir-’tiaur-chiahn).
49. 拉皮子 la-pir-tz, v.i., be thickskinned or unashamed.
50. 拉薩 La-sa, n. Lhasa, the capital city of Tibet.
51. 拉颯 la-sah, n., & adj., (MC & Soochow dial.) dirt, -ty, garbage (var. of 垃圾, leh-seh).
52. 拉稀 la-shi, v.i., (1) have loose bowels;
53. 拉稀 la-shi, v.i., (2) (coll.) acknowledge defeat.
54. 拉手（兒） la-shoou(’l), v.t., (1) hold hands;
55. 拉手（兒） la-shoou(’l), v.t., (2) shake hands;
56. 拉手（兒） la-shoou(’l), v.t., (3) join hands: 人家倆人一拉手，就把你給毀了 when they two work together, you are done for.
57. 拉屎 la-shyy, v.t. move bowels.
58. 拉鎖子 la-suoo-tz, n.(in embroidery) setting contour of flower patterns.
59. 拉絲 la-sy, adj., (1) (of action) hesitating: 人家決不拉絲，說走就走they never hesitate and, if they agree to go, will go right away;
60. 拉絲 la-sy, adj., (2) (of speech) longwinded: 說的□捷脆快，並不拉絲 what (he) said was perfectly clear-cut and not long-winded.
61. 拉遢 lar-’ta, adj. dirty, untidy.
62. 拉雜 la-tzar, adj. & adv. untidy, confused, (of room, etc.): 拉雜書來 write at random.
63. 拉晚兒 la-waa-’l, v.i., (of persons) be a night owl;
64. 拉晚兒 la-waa-’l, v.i., (2) (of ricksaw puller) work at night.
65. 拉曳 la-yih, v.t. drag along, trail (skirts).
66. 拉運 la-yuhn, v.t. transport by handcarts.

擅 Num. Index: 10A.30-6 shahn .

V.i. (1) To arrogate to oneself, to claim arbitrarily: 擅兵，擅權 shahn-bing, shahn-chyuarn↓.
(2) To make special claim to: 專擅 to be law unto oneself, also to excel in some specialty;
不敢擅美 dare not claim all credit to oneself.

Adv. Arbitrarily: 擅自作主 act arbitrarily;
擅敢 dare without permission (open letters, etc.);
擅便 shahn-biahn↓.

Words 1. 擅便 shahn-biahn, adv., arbitrarily: 擅便行事 act arbitrarily.
2. 擅兵 shahn-bing, phr., (of governors) hold independent military power.
3. 擅㪫 shahn-chaang, v.i., to excel in some field.
4. 擅長 shahn-charng, v.i. & n., to excel;
5. 擅長 shahn-charng, v.i. & n., one’s speciality (in some field).
6. 擅權 shahn-chyuarn, v.i., to hold absolute power, to hold power illegally (as eunuchs in certain periods).
7. 擅國 shahn-guor, v.i., (AC) to rule country as sovereign.
8. 擅利 shahn-lih, v.i., to enjoy monopoly in trade.
9. 擅命 shahn-mihng, phr., to arrogate power to oneself, be defacto ruler.

揎 Num. Index: 10A.30-6 shyuan .

V.i. To roll up sleeves: 揎拳擄袖 roll up sleeves and raise fists to fight;
揎擊 to hit with bare fists.

控 Num. Index: 10A.30-6 kuhng .

V.t. (1) To accuse at court: 控告，控訴 kuhng-gauh, kuhng-suh↓.
(2) To subject to control, to curb (horse): 控制 kuhng-jyh↓.
(3) (AC) to draw a bow: 控弦.
(4) (AC) to fall upon the ground: 控於地.

Words 1. 控告 kuhng-gauh, (1) v.t., to complain, accuse;
2. 控告 kuhng-gauh, (2) n., a complaint.
3. 控制 kuhng-jyh, (1) v.t., to keep in control: 控制不了 cannot control;
4. 控制 kuhng-jyh, (2) n., control: 受他控制 under his control and direction;
5. 控制 kuhng-jyh, n., 控制艙 (astron.) service module.
6. 控訴 kuhng-suh, v.t. & n., see kuhng-gauh↑.
7. 控御 kuhng-yuh, v.t., to control and direct.

搓 Num. Index: 10A.30-8 tsuo [Related 擦 10A.01, 挫 10A.11, 銼 81A.11, 磋 31B.30]

V.i. & t. To rub or roll with hand: 搓揉 tsuo-rour↓;
搓繩子 roll a rope;
搓作一團 roll into a ball;
搓紙^捻兒 93B.71.

Words 1. 搓板兒 tsuo-baa-’l, n., washing board.
2. 搓腳石 tsuo-jiaau-shyr, n., stone near gate for wiping shoes.
3. 搓弄 tsuo-’nung (sp. pr. also tsuor-nung), v.i. & t., to rub s.t. between hands.
4. 搓揉 tsuo-rour, v.i. & t., ditto.
5. 搓碎 tsouo-sueih, v.t., rub into powder or bits.

搤 Num. Index: 10A.30-8

□ Num. Index: 10A.30-8 chirn .

V.t. (1) To grasp by hand.
(2) To seize enemy (var. of 擒).

拶 Num. Index: 10A.32-9 tzar (also tzaan ).

V.t. To press, squeeze hard, to subject to pressure.

Words 1. 拶指 tzar-jyy (tzarn-jyy) v.i., press fingers between sticks as a form of torture.
2. 拶子 tzaan-’tz, n., such instruments of torture.

拮 Num. Index: 10A.40-1 jier .

Words 1. 拮据 jier-jyu, (1) n., a sore hand;
2. 拮据 jier-jyu, (2) adj., lacking financial resources: 手頭拮据 broke , short of funds.
3. 拮抗筋 jier-kahng-jin, n., (physiol.) antagonistic muscles (opp. 協同筋 synergistic muscles).

□ Num. Index: 10A.40-2 muoh . [Related 搦 10A.50 in 搦戰]

V.t. To hold in hand, grasp: 手□雙斧 (MC) holding a battle-axe in each hand
戰廝殺 (MC) challenge to fight.

搭 Num. Index: 10A.40-2 da .

N.1 adjunct. (MC) 三五搭人家 three or four houses.

N. Linking stroke in same character or adjacent characters in calligraphy.

V.i. & t. (1) To put up, put together: 搭棚，戲臺，浮橋 put up a shed, a temporary theatrical stage, a pontoon bridge;
搭彩 put up festoons;
see 搭架子 da-jiah-tz↓.
(2) To join up , attach to : 搭幫，搭夥，搭伴 travel with others in same vehicle, esp. 搭船，搭車 go aboard a boat, a car, thus 搭客 (be) a passenger;
搭姘頭 (and dial. 搭夥計) man and woman live together without marriage;
張弓搭箭 attach arrow to bow;
衣服搭在竹竿上 hang laundry on bamboo pole;
牽搭，勾搭 to induce attachment to ,work in collusion with s.o.;
搭朋友 attach or attract s.o. as friend;
搭錯線 (Cantonese phr.) cross wire, wrong number (in telephoning).
(3) To make certain gestures: 搭把手, 搭架子 da-bar-shoou, da-jiah-tz↓.
(4) To copulate: 搭配 ditto.

Words 1. 搭把手 da-bar-shoou, phr., as in 請您搭把手兒，幫我一下please give me a hand.
2. 搭包 da-’bau, n., waistband outside jacket, used for carrying things (also wr. 褡^包 63C.40).
3. 搭膊 da-’bo, n., (MC) see da-’bau↑.
4. 搭補 da-buu, v.t., to make up what is needed or missing.
5. 搭搭腳 da-da-jiaau, v.i., (1) to rest one’s feet;
6. 搭搭腳 da-da-jiaau, v.i., (2) da-jiaau-’l↓.
7. 搭話 da-huah, v.i., strike up a conversation with s.o..
8. 搭夥 da-huoo, v.i., travel with others;
9. 搭夥 da-huoo, v.i., join up with party.
10. 搭著 da-’je, phr., in addition: 搭著他老子逼他念書 besides, his father forced him to study.
11. 搭架子 da-jiah-tz, v.i., (fig.) put on airs;
12. 搭架子 da-jiah-tz, v.i., (lit.) put up scaffolding.
13. 搭腳兒 da-jiaau-’l, v.i., take vehicle to rest one’s legs.
14. 搭街坊 da-jie-’fang, v.i., be neighbors.
15. 搭界 da-jieh, v.i., be adjacent.
16. 搭救 da-jiouh, v.t., to rescue (s.o. in distress).
17. 搭住 da-juh, v.i., take up lodging: 和人搭住 share house with s.o.
18. 搭桌 da-juo, v.i., (formerly of theatrical troupe) give performance for relief.
19. 搭拉 da-’la, v.i., hang down: 搭拉下來;
20. 搭拉 da-’la, v.i., 搭拉尾巴 da-’la-yii-’ba, hang tail (of dog);
21. 搭拉 da-’la, v.i., 搭拉貨 da-’la-huoh, bad or damaged goods (also wr. 耷拉).
22. 搭撒 da-sa, v.i., (eyelids) droop.
23. 搭訕著 da-shahn-’je, adv., (reply, leave) in a listless or embarrassed manner.
24. 搭手 da-shoou, n., tumor around shouler blads;
25. 搭手 da-shoou, n., accomplice in swindle, gambling, etc.
26. 搭載 da-tzaih, v.i., go on boat or car as additional passenger.

拈 Num. Index: 10A.40-2 niarn (*niaan ).

V.t. (1) To take or pick up s.t. with one’s fingers: 拈弄 examine, fondle s.t. in hand;
拈香 (rel.) burn incense sticks before the altar;
拈鬚 stroke one’s beard;
拈花惹草 have many love affairs;
拈筆 pick up the pen to write.
(2) (*niaan) (Interch.捻) roll up s.t. with one’s fingers or between palms.

Words 1. 拈鬮 niarn-jiou, v.t., draw lots.
2. 拈酸 niarn-suan, v.t., be jealous.

拓 Num. Index: 10A.40-3 tuoh (*tah ).

V.i. & t. (1) To expand (territory, etc.): 開拓，拓地，拓荒 develop waste land;
拓邊 develop frontier regions, expand boundary.
(2) Push (object) with hand.
(3) (*tah) To make rubbings of inscriptions: 這幅碑帖拓得很好 this rubbing of inscription is well done.

Words 1. 拓本 *tah-been, n., a rubbing, esp. of ancient inscription, (the rubbing itself could be ancient and therefore important).
2. 拓撲學 tuoh-bur-shyuer, n., (math.) topology.
3. 拓荒 tuoh-huang, v.t., to develop waste land.
4. 拓展 tuoh-jaan, v.i. & t., to develop, expand (business, industry).
5. 拓殖 tuoh-jyr, v.t., to colonize.
6. 拓落 tuoh-luoh, adj., in hard luck, unsuccessful in career.

扣 Num. Index: 10A.40-4 kouh .

N. (1) A knot: 扣子，扣兒 kouh-tz, kouh-’l↓;
鈕扣 cloth button;
花扣 decorative button;
鞋扣 shoe buckle;
打了死扣 a knot that does not get loose by itself;
絲絲入扣 (of novels, fine reasoning) all threads neatly tied up, closely knit.
(2) A bunch, bundle: 一扣線 a bundle of thread;
一扣文書 a sheaf of documents, letters.

V.t. (1) To tie up, together, button up:扣緊 tie up well;
把衣服扣好 button up dress;
扣在一起 tie up together;
扣馬 (＝牽馬 ) lead horse on strap.
(2) To arrest: 扣押，扣留 kouh-ya, kouh-liour↓;
把這人扣起來 arrest this person;
把行車執照扣下來 take away driving license.
(3) To discount, deduct, take off, hold back part or whole: 扣除 kouh-chur↓;
回扣 discount for agent;
扣底子 (coll.) ditto;
扣錢 deduct money;
扣薪水 deduct part of salary;
扣分數 deduct school marks;
剋扣 illegally deduct (soldier’s pay, ration).
(4) Cover on top: 扣幵瓦蓋 cover with roof tiles;
把碗扣在盤子上 turn bowl over on the plate;
扣在我頭上 put (unpleasant duty) on my shoulder.
(5) To strike, knock: (interch.叩門) 扣門 knock at door;
扣舷 knock on boat’s side (for rhythm while singing);
扣其背 slap one’s back.

Words 1. 扣除 kouh-chur, v.t., to deduct (expenses, etc.).
2. 扣兒 kouh-’l, n., a knot.
3. 扣留 kouh-liour, v.t., detain (person, car, etc.)
4. 扣肉 kouh-rouh, n., a Szechuan specialty, a dish of richly seasoned steamed pork.
5. 扣頭 kouh-’tou, n., discount on price.
6. 扣子 kouh-’tz, n., (1) a knot;
7. 扣子 kouh-’tz, n., (2) a knot or bottleneck in affairs;
8. 扣子 kouh-’tz, n., (3) suspense at end of chapter in novels.
9. 扣押 kouh-ya, v.t., to detain (person).

撂 Num. Index: 10A.40-4 liauh .

V.t. (1) To drop: 把東西撂下來 drop things on the ground;
撂手不管 wash one’s hands of the matter;
太太死了，撂下兩個孩子 the mother died, leaving two children behind.
(2) (Coll.) die, pop.撂了.

Words 1. 撂地 liauh-dih, v.i., show acrobatic skill in open spaces (also called 拉㪫).
2. 撂跤 liauh-jiau, v.i., a form of wrestling.

招 Num. Index: 10A.40-5 jau .

N. (1) One move in boxing (hold, thrust, catch, counterblow, etc.) 招 or 招數 jau-shuh↓;
這一招真厲害 that was a beautiful move (strike, parry, etc.);
妙招,巧招 beautiful move;
絕招 (boxing) master blow, against which there is no defense.
(2) (AC) target.

V.i. & t. (1) To beckon: 以手招之 beckon him to come;
招之即來，麾之則去 at beck and call.
(2) To-enlist, invite to be member, enlist solidiers: 招兵，招募，招安 jau-bing, jau-muh, jau-an↓;
enlist students 招生 jau-sheng↓;
招女婿 to take in a son-in-law to bear bride’s clan name, rather than marry her out, see 招親 jau-chin↓;
招友作春遊 invite a friend to a spring outing;
招會員 enlist new members;
招租 (house) to let.
(3) To incite, incur, to court disaster:招災,招禍 jau-tzai, jau-huoh↓;
to provoke laughter, contempt: 招笑(招人笑), 招瞪，招打 jau-shiauh,jau-dehng, jau-daa↓;
incite hatred, etc.: 招怨 jau-yuahn↓;
滿招損 (AC) pride leads to loss or downfall.
(4) To provoke, flirt with: 招惹 jau-’re↓;
別再招他了 don’t provoke him again;
招蜂引蝶 (of women) flirt with men.
(5) To receive (guests, customers), extend (business, clientele): 招生意 to get new customers;
招呼，招徠，招攬 jau-hu, jau-lai, jau-laan↓.
(6) To confess: 不打自招 make a confession, admit fault freely or unintentionally;
招供，招認 jau-gung, jau-rehn↓.
(7)To infect: 這病可招人 (coll.) this disease is infectious.
(8) (AC) to tie up: 既入其苙，又從而招之(AC) after they have got (the pig) into pen, they begin to tie it up.

Words 1. 招安 jau-an, v.t., see jau-fuu↓.
2. 招標 jau-biau, v.i., invite bids (for contract).
3. 招兵 jau-bing, v.i., to recruit men for army, enlist men for armed forces: 招兵買馬 prepare for war;
4. 招兵 jau-bing, v.i., to expand a fighting force.
5. 招承 jau-cherng, v.i., to confess, own to (act).
6. 招親 jau-chin, v.i., (1) to look for or take son-in-law who will marry into bride’s family (taking her family name and living with her family);
7. 招親 jau-chin, v.i., (2) (in vern. literature) to elope.
8. 招打 jau-daa, v.i., to invite or deserve a spanking.
9. 招待 jau-’daih, (1) n., reception of guest (attentive, negligent, etc.) : 招待不週 (pardon us for) any lack of attention;
10. 招待 jau-’daih, (2) v.i. & t., to receive guests, visitors: 恕不招待女客 sorry we don’t receive lady guests;
11. 招待 jau-’daih, (3) to serve, look after: 好好的招待他 look after him well;
12. 招待 jau-’daih, 這店夥不會招待客人 this shop employee does not know how to serve customers;
13. 招待 jau-’daih, 招待員 steward or usher;
14. 招待 jau-’daih, 女招待 stewardess;
15. 招待 jau-’daih, 招待所 reception room or house, clubhouse for members.
16. 招瞪 jau-dehng, v.i., “invite stare”—be annoying.
17. 招風耳 jau-feng-eel, n., projecting ears.
18. 招撫 jau-fuu, v.t., to pacify rebellious area by offering amnesty.
19. 招供 jau-gung, v.i. & n., to confess;
20. 招供 jau-gung, v.i. & n., a confession, affidavit.
21. 招股 jau-guu, v.i., offer shares to public.
22. 招呼 jau-hu, v.i., (1) to invite (able men at court);
23. 招呼 jau-hu, v.i., (2) jau-’hu, (a) to acknowledge acquaintance on the road: 打招呼 say “hello”;
24. 招呼 jau-hu, v.i., (b) look after, take care of (child in public square, etc.);
25. 招呼 jau-hu, v.i., (c) get into a fight: 他們倆招呼上了 (coll.) they have started fighting;
26. 招呼 jau-hu, v.i., (d) call: 有人招呼你 s.o. is calling you;
27. 招呼 jau-hu, v.i., (e) instruct s.o. to do s.t.;
28. 招呼 jau-hu, v.i., (f) take care lest: 招呼頭上的磚頭掉下來 take care lest the brick overhead drops down.
29. 招禍 jau-huoh, v.t., to invite disaster.
30. 招魂 jau-hurn, v.i., (1) (AC) “call the soul back”when s.o. is dying, by going up te roof, facing the north and crying his name three times;
31. 招魂 jau-hurn, v.i., (2) to call the soul back of s.o. who died abroad unburied ,into an empty coffin prepared with his shoes and dress for proper burial;
32. 招魂 jau-hurn, v.i., 招魂旛 formerly, a pennant before the coffin.
33. 招展 jau-jaan, v.i., to float in the wind (as a flag): 花枝招展 flower branches move, or a lady’s hair decorations move as she passes by.
34. 招架 jau-jiah, v.i., (1) to parry a blow, come out and offer combat: 招架不住 cannot sustain the blows;
35. 招架 jau-jiah, v.i., (2) receive guests, see jau-daih, (2)↑;
36. 招架 jau-jiah, v.i., (3) (MC) to confess, (see jau-rehn↓): 他若欺心不架時 if he is dishonest and will not admit.…
37. 招咎 jau-jiouh, v.i., give cause for blame or disaster.
38. 招集 jau-’jir, v.t., to assemble (men, members);
39. 招集 jau-’jir, v.t., call for conference.
40. 招贅 jau-jueih, v.i., see jau-chin↑.
41. 招致 jau-jyh, v.t., to invite (learned men) to serve at court or college.
42. 招考 jau-kaau, v.i. & n., (give) entrance examination.
43. 招兒 jau-’l, n., (1) (coll.) plan or strategy: 你出的好招兒 you have suggested a good plan;
44. 招兒 jau-’l, n., (2) posted bill, a signboard: 招貼，招牌 jau-tie, jau-’pair↓.
45. 招攬 jau-laan, v.t., (1) to invite (able men);
46. 招攬 jau-laan, v.t., (2) to extend business by securing new customers: 招攬生意.
47. 招徠 jau-lai, v.t., see jau-jyh↑.
48. 招領 jau-liing, v.t., to take home (lost child, dog, article) by presenting oneself as owner;
49. 招領 jau-liing, v.t., advertise for owner of lost thing.
50. 招募 jau-muh, v.t., to enlist men for army or other form of service.
51. 招牌 jau-’pair, n., a shop signboard;
52. 招牌 jau-’pair, n., established trademark or trade name: 好招牌 a name or person enjoying popularity.
53. 招盤 jau-parn, v.i., to sell shop and contents to prospetive buyer.
54. 招惹 jau-’re, v.t., to provoke (person, resentment).
55. 招認 jau-rehn, v.i., to confess (crime);
56. 招認 jau-rehn, v.i., to claim (lost articles).
57. 招生 jau-sheng, v.i., to hold entrance examinations, see jau-kaau↑.
58. 招笑（兒） jau-shiauh(’l), v.i., to invite or provoke laughter: 你說話真招笑兒 what you say is laughable.
59. 招手兒 jau-shoou-’l, v.i., to beckon with the hand.
60. 招數 jau-shuh, n., one move in boxing, see N.1↑.
61. 招說 jau-shuo, v.i., be annoying (as a too restless child).
62. 招事 jau-shyh, v.i., cause trouble by reckless words or action.
63. 招討 jau-taau, v.t., to suppress (rebels) by force and calling for surrender.
64. 招貼 jau-tie, n., bills on wall, billboards.
65. 招提 jau-tir, n., (Budd.) a monastery;
66. 招提 jau-tir, n., the Sangha or Buddhist Church (corruption from 拓𥌓提舍 Sanskr.－Katurdisa).
67. 招子 jau-tz, n., (1) bills on walls;
68. 招子 jau-tz, n., (2) shop sign.
69. 招災 jau-tzai, v.i., to invite calamity.
70. 招租 jau-tzu, v.i., (house) to let.
71. 招眼 jau-yaan, adj., conspicuous;
72. 招眼 jau-yaan, 招眼毒 jau-yau-dur, v.i., cause jealousy.
73. 招邀 jau-yau, v.t., to invite (to party, etc.)
74. 招搖 jau-yaur, v.i., show off, attract too much attention: 招搖 (而) 過巿 pass along the streets dressed to attract attention;
75. 招搖 jau-yaur, v.i., 招搖撞騙 to swindle by false pretenses.
76. 招引 jau-’yiin, v.i., see jau-jyh↑.
77. 招怨 jau-yuahn, v.i., to cause hatred by reckless words or behavior.

据 Num. Index: 10A.40-5 jyu [Pop. of 據 jyuh 10A.02]

Words 1. 拮据 jier-jyu, adj., short of money.

捃 Num. Index: 10A.40-5 jyuhn .

V.t. (LL) choose, select, see compp.↓.

Words 1. 捃華 jyuhn-huar, v.i., extract the essence, select the most essential points.
2. 捃摭 jyuhn-jyr, v.t., collect, gather (quotations, etc.)
3. 捃拾 jyuhn-shyr, v.t., ditto.

掊 Num. Index: 10A.40-6 pour , poou

V.t. (1) To attack physically: 掊擊 give blows, attack physically or verbally.
(2) U.f. 坏 to cup (soil) in hand.
(3) U.f. 裒 to gather, haul: 掊克 levy heavy taxes from people.

掂 Num. Index: 10A.40-6 dian . [Anc. var.敁]

V.i. & t. To weigh in the hand, to estimate:掂一掂有多重 weigh in hand and see how heavy it is;
掂斤播兩 to argue about little details (also wr. 搿兩).

Words 1. 掂對 dian-dueih, v.i., estimate and consider relative importance.
2. 拈敪 dian-duo, v.i., to estimate weight of s.t. held in hand;
3. 拈敪 dian-duo, v.i., estimate and consider relative importance (also wr.敁敪).
4. 掂過兒 dian-guoh-’l, v.i., enumerate s.o.’s mistakes: 掂十來個過兒 has repeatedly mentioned some mistakes a dozen times.
5. 掂算 dian-suahn, v.i., estimate, calculate (costs, etc.).

搪 Num. Index: 10A.40-6 tarng .

V.t. (1) To block: 搪差使 fulfill assignment nominally;
搪饑餓 stop hunger by eating s.t.;
搪賬 evade payment of debts;
再搪幾天 delay for a few days;
搪不住風雨 cannot keep out wind and rain;
see 搪塞 tarng-seh↓.
(2) (MC) 搪酒吃 ask for wine.

Words 1. 搪塞 tarng-seh, v.t., fulfill assignment nominally, use evasive answers.
2. 搪瓷 tarng-tsyr, n., enamelware
3. 搪突 tarng-tur, v.t., see 唐 ^ 突 61.40.

□ Num. Index: 10A.40-6 ker .

V.i. & t. (1) To catch in hand: 手况□幵一大把錢 holds a lot of cash in his hand;
catch , get stuck: □住的他的喉嚨 s.t. caught in his throat;
抽屜□住了，打不開 drawer gets stuck.
(2) To make difficulties for (person): 故意□人 embarrass person on purpose.

拾 Num. Index: 10A.40-8 shyr (*sheh , *shy ).

V.t. (1) To pick up: 拾起來 pick it up;
拾人牙慧, 拾人唾餘 (contempt.) pick up what others say or write;
拾物招領 articles found, owner please contact;
拾金不昧 return money found;
拾級 (*sheh-jir) 而登 mount up a flight of steps;
拾遺 shyr-yir↓;
如俛拾芥(AC) as easy as to pick dirt from the floor (芥 s.t. insignificant).
(2) To gather: 揀拾select and gather;
拾取 shyr-chyuu↓;
收拾 put (room, objects) in order.
(3) To turn (things) about: 拾翻 shyr-’fan↓.

Words 1. 拾取 shyr-chyuu, v.t., (1) collect, gather: 拾取風光月色 (LL) to take in and enjoy the air and the moon;
2. 拾取 shyr-chyuu, v.t., (2) to pick up from the ground.
3. 拾掇 shyr-’duo, v.t., (1) to assemble and put to order;
4. 拾掇 shyr-’duo, v.t., (2) to gather (sundry things, quotations);
5. 拾掇 shyr-’duo, v.t., (3) to punish: 非拾掇拾掇他不可 must teach him a lesson.
6. 拾翻 *shy-’fan, v.t., to turn upside down: 把一抽屜的東西都拾翻亂了 has turned over the contents of the drawer.
7. 拾漏 (兒) (子) shyr-louh(’l)(tz), v.i., to find a chance to pick up some money.
8. 拾沒 shyr-’mo, adj., (MC) ＝什麼，甚麼 what?
9. 拾笑兒 shyr-shiauh-’l, v.i., to join in laughter.
10. 拾遺 shyr-yir, n. & v.i., (1) (to make) a supplement of omissions in some work;
11. 拾遺 shyr-yir, n. & v.i., (2) to pick up lost articles.

捨 Num. Index: 10A.40-8 shee .

V.t. (1) To part with (what is dear): 難分難捨 (of lovers) find it difficult to tear apart;
割捨 cut off (what is dear);
捨掉 abandon, forsake;
捨得，捨不得 shee-’de, shee-buh-der↓;
捨命 shee-mihng↓;
捨死忘生 risk one’s life for some worthy cause;
捨身救人 sacrifice one’s life to save others;
捨生取義 prefer honor to life;
捨近取遠 go for the abstruse and forget the obvious;
捨己從人 give up one’s own views and follow others.
(2) To give alms: 捨粥，捨飯 to give gruel or rice to the poor;
施捨 give alms, contribute to a monastery.

Words 1. 捨不得 shee-buh-der, v.t., loath to give up: 捨不得去 unwilling to go;
2. 捨不得 shee-buh-der, v.t., 捨不得放 unwilling to let go.
3. 捨棄 shee-chih, v.t., to abandon (lover), cut out (bad habits), give up (one’s contention).
4. 捨得 shee-’de, v.i., (1) be willing to give up or away: 捨得一個假期 sacrifice a holiday (for some work);
5. 捨得 shee-’de, v.i., (2) can be parted with;
6. 捨得 shee-’de, v.i., see shee-buh-der↑.
7. 捨哥兒 shee-’ge-’l, n., (coll.) a hapless and friendless person.
8. 捨著 shee-’je, v.i., (MC) forced to part with s.t.: 捨著還了他十兩金子 had to return him ten ounces of gold.
9. 捨命 shee-mihng, adv., at the risk of one’s life (＝拼命).
10. 捨身 shee-shen, v.i., (Budd. & gen.) risk one’s life to (save others, country).

搶 Num. Index: 10A.40-8 chiaang (*chiang ).

V.i. & t. (1) To rob, loot, take by violence: 搶奪，搶掠 chiaang-duor, chiaang-lyueh↓;
搶親 capture bride from bride’s family for wedding (by those too poor to pay for ceremony), see 搶婚 chiaang-hun↓;
搶東西 scramble for things in a riot or fracas;
搶來的 obtained by loot or scramble.
(2) To wrangle for first place: 搶先 compete in being the first to;
搶前發言 (several persons) try to speak first;
搶盡鏡頭 phr., steal the spotlight;
搶出風頭 try to outshine others.
(3) To rush in an emergency: 搶上幾步 rush forward a few steps;
搶修河隄 rush to repair dykes;
搶購物品 rush to buy up things (anticipating higher prices, etc.);
搶救 chiaang-jiouh↓.
(4) To bruise: 搶破皮 bruise skin.
(5) To sharpen (knives, scissors).
(6) (*chiang) To brave: 搶風 brave the wind;
搶鋒陷陣 to smash into enemy ranks.
(7) (*chiang or *chuaang) 頭搶地 knock head on the ground.

Words 1. 搶案 chiaang-ahn, n., a case of robbery.
2. 搶背 chiaang-beih, v.i., (old opera) a way of somersault landing on one’s back.
3. 搶白 chiaang-bor, v.t., berate (person) openly, cut short abruptly: 被他搶白了一頓 was cut short by him rudely, berated.
4. 搶奪 chiaang-duor, v.i. & t., to loot;
5. 搶奪 chiaang-duor, v.i. & t., to wrangle for (profit, power, territory).
6. 搶鋒 chiaang-feng, v.i., (callig.) a stroke made by reversing tip of brush, dist. 順鋒.
7. 搶購 chiaang-gouh, v.t., to rush to buy, anticipating scarcity.
8. 搶婚 chiaang-hun, v.i., to kidnap or carry off a woman and marry her.
9. 搶紅 chiaang-hurng, n., a form of dice game.
10. 搶劫 chiaang-jier, v.t., to rob, commit robbery.
11. 搶救 chiaang-jiouh, v.t., rush to save (from fire, flood).
12. 搶掠（略） chiaang-lyueh, v.t., to loot (town, village).
13. 搶嘴 chiarng-tzueei, v.t., (several persons) shout and talk in confusion.

括 Num. Index: 10A.40-9 gua (also kuoh ).

V.t. (1) Include, enclose, embrace, comprise: 包括 consist of;
總括 to sum up;
囊括 bag everything, monopolize.
(2) Scrape up or together: 搜括 ransack, be carpetbagger.
(3) To tie, fasten: 括髮 (AC) bind up the hair with hemp as a symbol of mouring.

Words 1. 括搭 gua-’da, v.t., as in 括搭著臉 pull a long face.
2. 括號 gua-hauh, n., brackets or parentheses (also 括弧).
3. 括弧 gua-hur, n., (＝括號), see huah↑.

抬 Num. Index: 10A.40-9 tair [Pop. of 寿 10A.11]

擔 Num. Index: 10A.40-9 dan (as vb.), *dahn (as n.). [Pop. 汮]

N. (*dahn) (dan-tz) A carrier load, two units on ends of pole carried on shoulder: 一擔菜，米 such a load of vegetables, rice;
擔擔子 dan*dahn-tz, carry a load;
扁擔，擔杆 carrying pole.
(2) A picul, unit of measure.

V.t. (1) Carry, bear (lit. & fig.): 擔水，米 carry water, rice;
擔水向河頭賣 carry coal to Newcastle;
擔得動，不動 can or cannot, lift up and carry;
擔得起，不起 can ,cannot bear responsibility, oft. 擔當，擔待 (得起，不起) dan-dang, dan-daih↓;
take blame for: 擔錯，擔不是 take blame for mistakes;
擔是不擔錯 will take credit for what is right, but not bear blame for mistakes;
擔處分 will bear responsibility if s.t. fails.
(2) Suffer, endure: 擔風，擔險 endure hardships of weather, risks;
擔驚 bear the worries, be exposed to fears;
擔心 dan-shin↓.

Words 1. 擔保 dan-baau, v.t. & n., guarantee: 擔保你沒事 guarantee you will not be in trouble;
2. 擔保 dan-baau, v.t. & n., 擔保人 be guarantor.
3. 擔承 dan-cherng, v.t., shoulder up responsibility: 擔承責任， see dan-dang, dan-daih↓.
4. 擔待 dan-daih, v.t., 擔: see V.t.1↑;
5. 擔待 dan-daih, v.t., 擔待 (擔起，不起) can, cannot bear responsibility (also 擔當dan-dang).
6. 擔負 dan-fuh, v.t., carry (burden, responsibility).
7. 擔擱 dan-’ge, v.i. & t., delay: 擔擱一件事 cause s.t. to be delayed;
8. 擔擱 dan-’ge, v.i. & t., usu. wr. 揸擱，耽擱.
9. 擔荷 dah-nheh, v.t. & n., (carry) burden.
10. 擔架宝 dan-jiah-chuarng, n., stretcher.
11. 擔任 dan-rehn, v.t., fill (post), take charge of (responsibility): 擔任賬項 take charge of accounts;
12. 擔任 dan-rehn, v.t., 擔任秘書 act as secretary.
13. 擔心 dan-shin, v.i., worry, be worried: 不必擔心 don’t worry.
14. 擔憂 dan-you, v.t., be worried.