職 Num. Index: 31S.71-6 jyr . [Pop.□]

N. (1)Office, post, position: 職位，職銜，職員 jyr-weih, jyr-shiarn, jyr-yuarn↓;
就職 assume office;
在職 active in office;
任職 is serving certain office;
退職 retire from office;
辭職 resign;
離職 no longer at post;
免職 dismiss (-ed) form post.
(2) Duty, work, profession: 職務, 職業 jyr-wuh, jyr-yeh↓;
職責 jyr-tzeh↓;
職守 jyr-shoou↓;
本職 person’s regular or full-time job;
兼職 concurrent job;
盡職 carry out one’s duties faithfully;
稱職 (chehng-jyr) competent at the job.

Prep. For: 職是故，職此之故 for this reason: 職此而已 it is only for this reason.

Words 1. 職稱 jyr-cheng, n., title of post.
2. 職權 jyr-chyuarn, n., official powers.
3. 職等 jyr-deeng, n., randk of office.
4. 職分 jyr-fehn, n., duty natural to an office.
5. 職蜂 jyr-feng, n., worker bees (also called 工蜂).
6. 職掌 jyr-jaang, v.t., to be in charge of (affairs).
7. 職志 jyr-jyh¹, n., a person’s lifework or life profession (e.g., education).
8. 職秩 jyr-jyh², n., see jyr-deeng↑.
9. 職任 jyr-rehn, n., duty and responsibility.
10. 職銜 jyr-shiarn, n., rank of office.
11. 職守 jyr-shoou, n., official responsibility.
12. 職事 jyr-shyh, n., duties, terms of reference.
13. 職責 jyr-tzer, n.,ditto.
14. 職位 jyr-weih (jyr-’wei), n., official position.
15. 職務 jyr-wuh (jyr-’wu), n., affairs of office.
16. 職業 jyr-yeh (jyr-’ye), n., profession, employment, also self-imposed life-work;
17. 職業 jyr-yeh (jyr-’ye), n., 職業學校 vcational school;
18. 職業 jyr-yeh (jyr-’ye), n., 職業病 porfessional disease.
19. 職員 jyr-yuarn, n., staff,staff member.

殘 Num. Index: 31S.71-7 tsarn .

V.t. To injure, destroy: 摧殘 to destroy (life, talent);
殘傷 to injure;
殘害, see Adv.↓.

Adj. (1) Cruel, ruthless: 殘忍，殘暴，殘酷 tsarn-reen, tsarn-bauh, tsarn-kuh↓.
(2) Broken (house,utensil), crippled (army,person), wilted (flower):殘破,殘缺 tsarn-poh, tsarn-chyue↓;
殘廢,殘疾 tsarn-feih, tsarn-jir↓.
(3) Remnant, last: 殘餘 tsarn-yur↓;
殘存 survive, shabbily survive;
殘年,殘歲 remaining years of life;
殘冬 the end of winter;
殘春 fast departing spring, end of spring;
殘夏 late summer;
殘陽，殘紅 sunset, sunset glow;
殘月 remnant moon;
殘花 destroyed flowers after storm;
殘兵 remnant soldiers after defeat;
殘花敗柳 women, esp. prostitutes, after their prime;
殘杯冷炙 dinner leftovers.

Adv. (Forming v.t. with vbb.) cruelly, brutally: 殘害，殘賊，殘毀，殘殺, tsarn-haih, tsarn-tzer, tsarn-hueei, tsarn-sha↓.

Words 1. 殘暴 tsarn-bauh, adj., cruel, brutish, merciless, tyrannical.
2. 殘喘 tsarn-chuaan, n., lingering breath of life.
3. 殘缺 tsarn-chyuei, adj., broken (series), incomplete (set).
4. 殘廢 tsarn-feih, adj. & n., crippled, physically disabled.
5. 殘害 tsarn-haih, v.t., to injure (life), to oppress, persecute (people), to kill ruthlessly.
6. 殘骸 tsarn-hair, n., (LL) “remaining bones”—frail body ready for retirement.
7. 殘疾 tsarn-jir (tsarn-’ji), adj. & n., see tsar-feih↑.
8. 殘局 tsarn-jyur, n., a lost situation, last act of a drama (army after defeat, etc.): 收拾殘局 pacify country after war or period of anarchy, salvage a hopeless situation.
9. 殘酷 tsarn-kuh (tsarn-’ku), adj., merciless, brutal, relentless.
10. 殘留 tsarn-liour, v.i., to linger on in life.
11. 殘年 tsarn-niarn, n., (1) (of self) old age;
12. 殘年 tsarn-niarn, n., (2) end of the year.
13. 殘破 tsarn-poh, adj., decrepit (house,furniture).
14. 殘忍 tsarn-reen, adj., cruel, brutal.
15. 殘殺 tsarn-sha, v.t., kill brutally.
16. 殘生 tsarn-sheng, n., remaining years of life, see tsar-niarn↑.
17. 殘歲 tsarn-sueih, n., see tsarn-niarn↑.
18. 殘賊 tsarn-tzer, v.t., see tsarn-haih↑.
19. 殘餘 tsarn-yur, adj., remaining (years, time).

殲 Num. Index: 31S.71-8 jian .

V.t. Kill off: 殲滅 exterminate;
殲敵 annihilate the enemy;
盡殲 wipe out by killing;
圍殲 surround (encircle) and destroy;
就殲 be exterminated.

聽 Num. Index: 31S.72-1 ting (*tihng ). [Abbr. 听]

V.i & t. (1) To hear, listen: 聽見 ting-jiahn, 聽說 ting-shuo↓;
聽得見,聽不見 can, cannot hear (voice, speaker);
聽不明白 cannot hear clearly;
聽而不聞 to listen but not hear, to hear but pay no attention.
(2) To listen and obey : 聽話 ting-huah↓;
聽從 to listen to , be obedient to.
(3) (*tihng) To let go, to let s.t. happen of its own accord: 聽其自然 let things take their natural course;
聽天由命 resign to fate, be fatalistic;
聽憑,聽便 ting-pirng, ting-biahn↓.
(4) (*tihng) To supervise: 聽政 supervise government;
聽訟 tihng-suhng↓.

Words 1. 聽便 *tihng-biahn, phr., let s.o. have option, at s.o.’s option.
2. 聽差 ting-chai, n., a servant attendant.
3. 聽取 ting-chyuu, v.t.,listen to, hear (opinion).
4. 聽斷 *tihng-duahn, v.i. & t., (of judge) decide at court.
5. 聽官 ting-guan, n., the sense of hearing .
6. 聽候 ting-houh, v.i., to wait (for arrival, decision, etc.).
7. 聽話 ting-huah, v.i., to obey, listen to s.o.’s advice: 小孩不聽話 child will not obey what he is told to do.
8. 聽診器 ting-jeen-chih, n., stethoscope.
9. 聽政 *tihng-jehng, v.i., to supervise administration.
10. 聽講 ting-jiaang, v.i., to hear it said, to attednd lectures.
11. 聽見 ting-jiahn, v.i., to hear: 聽得見,聽不見 able, unable to hear.
12. 聽覺 ting-jyuer, n., sense of hearing, see ting-guan↑.
13. 聽命 *tihng-mihng, v.i., (1) to obey orders, instructions;
14. 聽命 *tihng-mihng, v.i., (2) to let fate take its course.
15. 聽能 ting-nerng, n., the power or function of hearing.
16. 聽憑 *tihng-pirng, v.t., to let come what may, to offer no obstruction: 聽憑你裁決 do what you decide (on case, with person).
17. 聽任 *tihng-rehn, v.t., to let go: 聽任自然 let it take its own course.
18. 聽審 ting-sheen, phr., (of judge) to sit at session.
19. 聽寫 ting-shiee, v.i. & n., dictate,dictation.
20. 聽戲 ting-shih, v.i., go to opera.
21. 聽信 tings-hihn, v.t., (1) to listen to and believe (rumors);
22. 聽信 tings-hihn, v.t., (2) await news.
23. 聽書 ting-shu, v.i., to attend a recitation by storytellers.
24. 聽說 ting-shuo, v.i., hear;
25. 聽說 ting-shuo, v.i., it is said that.
26. 聽訟 *tihng-suhng, v.i., to preside at law court.
27. 聽提 ting-tir, v.t., pay attention: 滿不聽提 pay no attention.
28. 聽頭 ting-tou-’l, n., s.t. worth listening to :沒甚麼聽頭兒 nothing worth listening.
29. 聽蹭兒 ting-tsehng(’l), v.t., to see (“hear”) a play at Chin. theater without pay .
30. 聽筒 ting-turng, n., earphone.
31. 聽聞 ting-wern, v.t. to hear (story, news, etc.)

恥 Num. Index: 31S.72-6 chyy . [Pop. 㘹]

N. A shame, sense of shame: 無恥 shameless;
不知恥 have no sense of shame;
羞恥 a shame;
羞恥之心 sense of shame or honor;
廉恥 honesty and honor.

V.t. To be ashamed, to regard as shameful: 恥之 (LL) regard it as a shame;
恥為人師 ashamed to be called a teacher;
恥辱，恥笑 chyy-ruh, chyy-shiauh↓.

Words 1. 恥辱 chyy-ruh, v.t. & n., to humiliate (person);
2. 恥辱 chyy-ruh, v.t. & n., a humiliation.
3. 恥笑 chyy-shiauh, v.t., to scoff at, sneer at (person).

聰 Num. Index: 31S.72-9 tsung .

Adj. (1) Sharp of hearing.
(2) Bright (mentally).

Words 1. 聰慧 tsung-hueih, adj., seetsung -mirng↓.
2. 聰敏 tsung-miin, adj., seetsung-mirng↓.
3. 聰明 tsung-mirng (tsung-ming), adj., (person mentally) bright, clever, quick of understanding.

殰 Num. Index: 31S.80-1 dur

V.i. Die in embryo, be stillborn.

聵 Num. Index: 31S.80-2 kueih . [Dist.瞶]

Adj. Deaf, hard of hearing: 聵聵無知 dense, like a deaf person.

頂 Num. Index: 31S.80-3 diing .

N. adjunct. A top: 一頂帽子 a hat;
一頂轎 a sedan chair;
一頂蚊帳 a mosquito net.

N. (1)Summit, top, crown: 腦頂，頭頂 crown of head;
滅頂 head submerged, i.e., drowned;
屋頂 roof;
山頂 summit of hill;
自頂至踵 from head to foot.
(2) (diing-tz,’l) Official cap in Manchu Dyn. with distinguishing precious stone on top indicative of rank.

V.i. & t. (1) To carry on head: 頭上頂幵一包東西 carry a parcel on one’s head;
頂戴 diing-daih↓;
頂天立地 a man dependent on self without fear or shame, has place in the sun.
(2) To prop up, to set against: 把門頂住 prop up the door;
頂不住 cannot hold against (weight, pressure, censure, enemy);
頂水，頂流 hold against the current;
頂風 against the wind;
頂賬 set against account.
(3) To take over,substitute: 頂房屋 to sublease, take over lease;
承頂 take over shop, business;
頂名 take over s.o.’s name (assume false name);
頂上 take over (responsibility, etc.);
一個頂一個 take over by turns in relay;
頂人受過 take the blame for others, 頂當，頂充，頂替，etc. diing-dang, diing-chung, diing-tih↓.

Adv. Most: 頂好 best;
頂聰明 most intelligent;
頂壞 worst;
頂瓜瓜 (dial.) very best.

Words 1. 頂拜 diing-baih, v.i., bow in worship.
2. 頂包 diing-bau, v.i., to substitute packages—a swindling trick.
3. 頂承 diing-cherng, v.t., take over (duty, property).
4. 頂充 diing-chung, v.t., assume (false indentity).
5. 頂戴 diing-daih, n., (Manchu Dyn.) official cap showing various ranks by button of precious stone on top.
6. 頂當 diing-dang, v.i. & t., bear (blame, responsibility).
7. 頂點 dirng-diaan, n., top, apex, (geom.) vertex.
8. 頂缸 diing-gang, v.i., take blame for others.
9. 頂□ diing-ger, n., see diing-perng↓.
10. 頂骨 diing-gur, n., (biol.) parietal bones.
11. 頂換 diing-huahn, v.i. & t., to exchange substiute.
12. 頂針兒 diing-je-’l, n., thimble.
13. 頂真 diing-jen, v.i. &. adj., take seriously: 不要太頂真 don’t take too seriously or calculate too finely.
14. 頂角 dirng-jiaau, n., (geom.) vertical angle.
15. 頂尖 diing-jian, n., the peak, highest point.
16. 頂珠 diing-ju, n., (Manchu) official cap button.
17. 頂撞 diing-juahng, v.t., charge, knock, against (person, object);
18. 頂撞 diing-juahng, v.t., offend by rude remarks.
19. 頂兒 diing-’l, n., (Manchu ) offical cap.
20. 頂禮 dirng-lii, v.i., worship: 頂禮膜拜 prostrate in worship.
21. 頂門 diing-mern, (1) n.,crown of head;
22. 頂門 diing-mern, (2) v.i. take blame for others.
23. 頂牛兒 diing-niour-’l, v.t., knock head against head;
24. 頂牛兒 diing-niour-’l, v.t., lock horns in Chin. bullfight.
25. 頂盤 diing-parn, v.i., take over shop, business, by agreement.
26. 頂棚 diing-perng, n., Chin. ceiling, usu. of paper, to keep off dirt from girders.
27. 頂枇 diing-pi, n., critical comment on top of page.
28. 頂上 diing-shahng, (1) n., top;
29. 頂上 diing-shahng, (2) dieng-’shang, v.t., take over (duty, ect.)
30. 頂心 diing-shin, n., top center of crown of head.
31. 頂手 diing-shoou, v.i., take over.
32. 頂兇 diing-shyung, v.i. to take over guilt by s.o. hired by culprit.
33. 頂替 diing-tih, v.t., to substitute (for person, object).
34. 頂頭 diing-tour, (1) n., top;
35. 頂頭 diing-tour, n., superior officer;
36. 頂頭 diing-tour, (2) adj., opposite.
37. 頂子 diing-tz, n., (Manchu) official cap.
38. 頂嘴 diing-tzueei, v.t., bicker, to talk back to.
39. 頂窩兒 diing-wo-’l, v.i., adopt son for line of deceased son.

項 Num. Index: 31S.80-3 shiahng .

N. adjunct. One thing, item, clause: 這項事情，爭辯，戰爭 this affair, this controversy, this war;
第三項 clause three;
八項條件 eight conditions;
三項贈品 three gifts;
這項買賣 this business deal, etc.

N. (1) The neck: 頸項 ditto;
強項 stiff-necked (policy);
項背相望a huge jostling crowd (“neck to back”).
(2) A sum, an item (in account): 款項 an amount of money;
進項 income;
欠項 debit;
用項 expenditure;
官項 government fund.
(3) (Algebra) a term: 初項 first term;
末項 last term;
同類項like term;
外項 external term.
(4) A surname.

Words 1. 項圈 shiahng-chyuan, n., necklace;
2. 項圈 shiahng-chyuan, n., choker.
3. 項練 shiahng-liahn, n., ditto.
4. 項領 shiahng-liing, n., the neck, (fig.) vital point.
5. 項目 shiahng-muh, n., an article or clause;
6. 項目 shiahng-muh, n., an item (of expenditure);
7. 項目 shiahng-muh, n., a sum.
8. 項下 shiahng-shiah, phr., in certain account: 在本人項下 in my account;
9. 項下 shiahng-shiah, phr., 收入項下 under the column of receipts.

頇 Num. Index: 31S.80-3 han .

Adj. & adv. See 顢^頇 20S.80.

頸 Num. Index: 31S.80-3 jiing .

N. The neck: 頸項，頸子 the neck, the throat;
吊頸 commit suicide by hanging;
長頸鹿 the giraffe;
刎頸之交 bosom friends who are willing to die for one another.

殞 Num. Index: 31S.80-4 yuun .

V.i. To die;
vanish.

Words 1. 殞滅 yuun-mieh, v.i., be destroyed, vanish.
2. 殞命 yuun-mihng, v.i., to lose life,die.
3. 殞沒 yuun-moh, v.i., see yuun-mieh↑.

殯 Num. Index: 31S.80-6 bihn

V.t. & n. Funeral, esp. that part between laying-in in coffin (殮) and burial (葬): 出殯 funeral ceremony and procession.

Words 1. 殯車 bihn-che, n., hearse.
2. 殯殮 bihn-liaan, n., laying-in and funeral ceremony.
3. 殯葬 bihn-tzahng, n., fruneral and burial .
4. 殯儀館 bihn-yir-guaan, n., funeral parlor.

殮 Num. Index: 31S.81-8 liahn .

N. & v.t. Laying-in in coffin: 大殮 the ceremony of laying-in;

N. & v. 入殮 to lay in coffin;
收殮 have corpse buried.

□ Num. Index: 31S.81-8 liarn . [Abbr. of 聯↑]

殀 Num. Index: 31.81-9 yaau .

V.i. To die young (interch. 夭).

殃 Num. Index: 31S.81-9 yang .

N. (1) A dissaster: 災殃 ditto;
遭殃 encounter a disater.
(2) Death, see 殃榜 yang-baang↓.

V.t. To bring disaster to: 殃禍 to bring on disaster;
禍國殃民 ruin a country and bring sorrow to its people;
殃及池魚 (a fire on city wall) brings disaster to the fish in the moat;
殃及無辜 trouble involves the innocent people.

Words 1. 殃榜 yang-baang, n., an astrologer’s certificate of horoscope of the deceased, etc., serving as death certificate at court.

耿 Num. Index: 31S.81-9 geeng .

Adj. (1) Bright, shining, glorious, see 耿耿 geeng-geeng↓.
(2) Having moral integrity: 耿介 geeng-jieh, 耿直 geeng-jyr↓.

Words 1. 耿餅 geeng-biing, n., dried and pressed persimmons.
2. 耿耿 geeng-geeng, adj., (1) bright and shining;
3. 耿耿 geeng-geeng, adj., (2) uneasy: 耿耿不寐 disquieted and unable to sleep;
4. 耿耿 geeng-geeng, adj., 耿耿於懷 deeply concerned at heart.
5. 耿介 geeng-jieh, adj., (1) great and glorious;
6. 耿介 geeng-jieh, adj., (2) governed by strict moral principles.
7. 耿直 geeng-jyr, adj., fair and just, loyal and honest.

歌 Num. Index: 31S.81-9 ge .

N. (1) A song, the words of a song: 歌曲 ge-chyuu↓;
國歌 national anthem;
校歌 school or college song;
民歌 folk song;
戀歌 love song;
聖誕頌歌 Christemas carols;
讚美歌 hymn;
藝術歌 art songs;
輓歌 an elegy;
歌譜 ge-puu↓;
歌詞 the lyrics of a song;
歌兒 a little song;
唱歌 to sing songs;
歌星 ge-shing, 歌女 ge-nyuu↓.
(2) A poem that can be set to music and sung.

V.i. & t. (1) To sing, chant: 歌唱 ge-chahng↓;
高歌一曲 to chant a melody;
能歌善舞 good at both singing and dancing.
(2) To praise: 歌功頌德 sing praises of;
可歌可泣 (of heroic actions) touching and deserving a song;
歌詠，歌誦 ge-yuhng, ge-suhng²↓.

Words 1. 歌板 ge-baan, n., a musical clapping board for keeping time in singing.
2. 歌唱 ge-chahng, v.i. & t., to sing.
3. 歌曲 ge-chyuu, n., songs: 流行歌曲 pop music, pop songs.
4. 歌妓 ge-ji, n., a singsong girl.
5. 歌劇 ge-jyuh, n., an opera;
6. 歌劇 ge-jyuh, n., 歌劇院 opera house;
7. 歌劇 ge-jyuh, n., 小歌劇 operette;
8. 歌劇 ge-jyuh, n., 喜歌劇 comic opera, or musical comedy.
9. 歌女 ge-nyuu, n., a female professional singer.
10. 歌譜 ge-puu, n., a music score for songs.
11. 歌星 ge-shing, n., a star singer of either sex.
12. 歌行 ge-shirng, n., (litr.) a poem that can be set to music and sung.
13. 歌手 ge-shou, n., professional singer of either sex.
14. 歌頌 ge-suhng¹, v.t., to praise, eulogize: 歌頌聖賢 eulogize the sages.
15. 歌誦 ge-suhng², v.i. & t., to sing or chant, to celebrate by song, to praise.
16. 歌詞 ge-tsyr, n., the lyrics of a song.
17. 歌舞 ge-wuu, v.i. & t. & n., sing and dance;
18. 歌舞 ge-wuu, v.i. & t. & n., 歌舞劇 opera;
19. 歌舞 ge-wuu, v.i. & t. & n., 歌舞表演 exhibitions of song and dance;
20. 歌舞 ge-wuu, v.i. & t. & n., 歌舞昇平 to celebrate peace.
21. 歌謠 ge-yaur, n., folk songs, ballads.
22. 歌詠 ge-yuhng, v.i., ge-suhng²↑.

□ Num. Index: 31S.81-9 liarn . [Pop. of 聯 31S.22]

取 Num. Index: 31S.82-3 chyuu .

V.t. (1) To take, get, obtain: 取得同意 get s. o.’s consent;
取得學位 get an academic degree;
不取分文 will not take a cent—gratis;
非分 (fehn) 不取 will not take what is improper;
予取予求 phr., rapacious, demand everything.
(2) Oft. preceded by another vb. to indicate various forms of obtaining (by seizure, seeking, picking, etc.): 獵取 hunt (game);
追取 to pursue;
尋取，覓取 look for;
攻取，奪取 attack (territory), rob;
獲取 obtain in gen.;
採取 adopt (policy).
(3) Aim for, select for specific reason: 取其便 choose it for its convenience;
從中取利 make a profit for oneself in some deal;
取涼，取快，取樂，取巧 chyuu-liarng, chyuu-kuaih, chyuu-leh, chyuu-chiaau↓;
取便 for convenience;
取其外貌 select a person by his looks;
取友 select friends;
取人之善 take a person’s good points.
(4) To pass in examinations: 選取 select talents as by examinations;
錄取，考取了，被取 pass in examinations;
正取，備取 pass on regular, on reserve list.
(5) Approve: 可取 commendable;
一無可取 nothing to recommend (person, course of action).
(6) (AC) used as var. of 娶 to marry.

Vb. complement. Esp. in postry: 記取 remember (＝記得);
聽取意見 hear different opinions;
看取 to see.

Words 1. 取保 chyur-baau, v.i., ask s.o. to act as guarantor.
2. 取便 chyuu-biahn, (1) V.i., do as one pleases without restraint;
3. 取便 chyuu-biahn, (2) phr., so as to facilitate: 取便宣傳 to facilitate propaganda: 取便 (＝以便) 推銷 in order to facilitate distribution (of goods).
4. 取償 chyuu-charng, v.i., to be reimbursed for cost or labor.
5. 取巧 chyuu-chiaau, v.i., to take short cut, choose the easy way, not the orthodox way.
6. 取齊 chyuu-chir, v.i., (1) to fall in line;
7. 取齊 chyuu-chir, v.i., (2) to take as measure: 衣服長短，照舊樣取齊 take the old dress as sample;
8. 取齊 chyuu-chir, v.i., 東西多少，要拿錢取齊兒 how much one will buy depends on how much one is willing to spend.
9. 取道 chyuu-dauh, adv., by way of (Shanghai, Nanking, etc.).
10. 取燈兒 chyuu-deng-’l, n., (Peking dial.) matches (also 洋取燈兒).
11. 取得 chyuu-der, v.t., obtain (consent, sympathy, doctor’s degree, wealth and position, etc.).
12. 取締 chyuu-dih, v.t., to ban (publications, etc.);
13. 取締 chyuu-dih, v.t., deprive (person) of certain rights.
14. 取法 chyur-faa, v.t., copy s.o. as example.
15. 取告 chyuu-gauh, v.i., (AC) take leave (＝告假);
16. 取和兒 chyuu-her-’l, v.i., go for peaceful settlement.
17. 取回權 chyuu-hueir-chyuarn, n., right of recovery.
18. 取給 chyuu-jii, v.i., to lean for support of living: 耿給於人 depend on s.o. for support.
19. 取決 chyuu-jyuer, v.i., to make decision: 由他取決 let him make the final decision.
20. 取快 chyuu-kuaih, adv., for pleasure, for the fun of it.
21. 取樂 (兒) chyuu-leh(’l), v.i., (do s. t.) to have fun: 罵人取樂 criticize others as a pastime.
22. 取涼 chyuu-liarng, v.i., to enjoy the cool shade.
23. 取錄 chyuu-luh, v.t., to pass (person) at examinations;
24. 取錄 chyuu-luh, v.t., to admit after test.
25. 取名 chyuu-mirng, v.i., to be given a name, be called (Paul, James, etc.).
26. 取譬 chyuu-pih, v.i., to give example, cite analogies: 能近取譬 can explain by simple analogy.
27. 取擾 chyuu-raau, v.t., (court.) to bother s. o. (＝打擾).
28. 取容 chyuu-rurng, v.i., to aim at pleasing s. o.
29. 取舍 (捨) chyuu-shee, n., the power of judgment, of taking or rejecting.
30. 取勝 chyuu-shehng, v.i., (1) desire to excel;
31. 取勝 chyuu-shehng, v.i., (2) to win victory.
32. 取消 chyuu-shiau, v.t., to cancel (promise, reservation, treaty, etc.).
33. 取笑 (兒) chyuu-shiauh(’l) v.i. & t., to make fun, make fun of person.
34. 取士 chyuu-shyh, v.i., select scholars for government service.
35. 取材 chyuu-tsair, v.i., to get matrial (for writing) from.
36. 取次 chyuu-tsyh, adv., (1) (MC) in order, one by one;
37. 取次 chyuu-tsyh, adv., (2) (MC) casually (＝造次).
38. 取問 chyuu-wehn, v.t., to cross-examine (accused, witness).
39. 取義 chyuu-yih, phr., to prefer right to might: 捨生取義 to die for principle.
40. 取盈 chyuu-yirng, phr., (1) to strive for satisfaction;
41. 取盈 chyuu-yirng, phr., (2) (AC) to require that tax assessments be paid in full.
42. 取友 chyuu-yoou, v.i., to select friends by certain standards.
43. 取悅 chyuu-yueh, v.t., to please (person), to curry popularity: 取悅於人.

豭 Num. Index: 31S.82-9 jia .

N. (AC) a male pig, a boar.

歿 Num. Index: 31S.82-9 moh . [Dist. 沒 63A.82]

V.i. Die: 病歿 die of illness.

攻 Num. Index: 31S.82-9 gung .

V.t. (1) To attack, assault: 進攻 take the offensive;
攻擊 gung-’jir↓;
攻伐 invade;
攻打 strike against;
猛攻 to storm (a city, fortification, etc.);
攻守同盟 military alliance for mutual defense;
攻下 take (a city) by assault;
久攻不下 fail to take (a city) after a long siege;
攻剽 to pillage;
攻城 lay siege to a city;
攻堅 attack a strong point of enemy;
攻佔 attack and occupy;
攻克 overrun, conquer;
圍攻 lay siege to;
反攻 to counterattack.
(2) Find fault with (s.o.), criticize, rebuke: 攻訐 gung-jier↓;
鳴鼓而攻之 attack s.o. publicly and severely by concerted action;
攻人之過 pick on s.o.
(3) To study, specialize in: 攻讀 gung-dur, 攻書 gung-shu↓;
專攻醫學 to major in medicine.

Words 1. 攻讀 gung-dur, v.t., to study, learn: 攻讀博士學位 to work for a doctorate.
2. 攻訐 gung-jier, v.t., to censure, flay (s.o.)
3. 攻擊 gung-’jir, v.t., (1) mount an attack, assault;
4. 攻擊 gung-’jir, v.t., (2) to criticise, reprove, reprach, attack verbally.
5. 攻書 gung-shu, v.i., devote oneself to reading.
6. 攻勢 gung-shyh, n., military offensive (opp. 守勢 defensive): 採取功勢 to mount an offensive.
7. 攻錯 gung-tsuoh, v.i., learn by other’s mistakes.

政 Num. Index: 31S.82-9 jehng .

N. (1) The government of a state, administration: 政府 jehng-fuu↓;
行^政 administration, 91B.00;
地方行政 the local administration;
國政 national affairs;
為政之道 the propergovernance of a state;
從政 to join the government;
民政 department or administration of domestic affairs;
財政部 the finance ministry;
財政 finance in gen. (e. g., of firm, etc.);
軍政 army administration.
(2) Rules: 觴政 rules of wine games at dinner;
家政 home economics, family rules, also family finance.
(3) Chief: 學政 formerly, minister of education or educational commissioner;
鹽政司 chief of salt monopoly, director general of salt gabelle.

V.t. (LL) u. f. 正：呈政，教政，指政，量政 (court. request for) advice, correction.

Words 1. 政變 jehng-biahn, n., coup d’𤢂at, sudden overthrow of governmnet.
2. 政柄 jehng-bihng(jehng-biing), n., the control (“helm”) of government.
3. 政潮 jehng-chaur, n., political upheaval or crisis.
4. 政權 jehng-chyuarn, n., political power;
5. 政權 jehng-chyuarn, n., political rights of the people.
6. 政黨 jehng-daang, n., political party.
7. 政敵 jehng-dir, n., political enemy.
8. 政府 jehng-fuu, n., government (federal, central, provincial, local, etc.).
9. 政綱 jehng-gang, n., party platform, main principles of government;
10. 政綱 jehng-gang, n., proper funcitoning of government: 政綱大掁 the government begins to function properly, esp. regarding law and order, promotion and punishment.
11. 政躬 jehng-gung, n., (LL &court.) the health of a very important official or ruler.
12. 政化 jehng-huah, n., political and cultural aspects of country.
13. 政績 jehng-ji, n., records of official career.
14. 政見 jehng-jiahn, n., political views.
15. 政教 jehng-jiauh, n., see jehng-huah↑, also political and religious affairs.
16. 政界 jehng-jieh, n., officialdom, official circles.
17. 政治 jehng-jyh¹, n., politics;
18. 政治 jehng-jyh¹, n., 政治犯 political prisoner;
19. 政治 jehng-jyh¹, n., 政治家 politician, also statesman;
20. 政治 jehng-jyh¹, n., 大政治家 a great statesman.
21. 政制 jehng-jyh², n., system of government, governmental hierarchy.
22. 政局 jehng-jyur, n., political situation.
23. 政客 jehng-keh, n., (derog.) politician: 小政客 petty politician.
24. 政況 jehng-kuahng, n., gen. conditions of the government.
25. 政令 jehng-lihng, n., a governmental order: 政令不行 government’s orders are not obeyed.
26. 政論 jehng-luhn, n., political essay;
27. 政論 jehng-luhn, n., views on curent politics.
28. 政略 jehng-lyueh, n., main policies of government.
29. 政聲 jehng-sheng, n., gen. reputation of an official.
30. 政事 jehng-shyh, n., government affairs;
31. 政事 jehng-shyh, n., state of government (good, bad,
32. 政體 jehng-tii, n., form of government (democracy, autocracy, etc.).
33. 政策 jehng-tseh, n., administrative policy (of government, school, institution).
34. 政務 jehng-wuh, n., governmental affairs;
35. 政務 jehng-wuh, n., 政務次長 political viceminister, opp. 事務次長 administrative vice-minister.
36. 政要 jehng-yauh, n., high-ranking government officials;
37. 政要 jehng-yauh, n., main structure and policy of government.

致 Num. Index: 31S.82-9 jyh .

N. (1) Charm, winsome or interesting quality: 雅致 elegance, also adj.;
幽致 charm of seclusion;
極致 extreme achievement.
(2) Poetic sentiment, fascination felt for hobbies: 興致 fascination (for games, chess, wine);
雅人深致 poetic love of beauty (in landscape, poetry, etc.).

V.t. (1) To deliver (gift), send (letter, congratulations, thanks, etc.): 致送 send, deliver;
致書 send letter to (person);
致賀，致謝，致敬jyh-heh, jyh-shieh, jyh-jihng↓;
致疑，致意 jyh-yir, jyh-yih↓.
(2) To invite, collect: 招致 invite (scholars, experts) for post;
羅致 to look for and asemble (experts, etc.).
(3) To cause, cause to become, cultivate: 致富，致死 jyh-fuh, jyh-syy↓;
致知 jyh-jy↓;
以致 so that, with the result that: 以致身亡 with the result that he died.
(4) To lay down: 致仕，致政 jyh-shyh, jyh-jehng↓.

Adv. 大致 mostly, generally;
一致 unanimously (approve, etc.).

Words 1. 致富 jyh-fuh, v.i., amass a fortune.
2. 致賀 jyh-heh, v.i., to send congratulations.
3. 致政 jyh-jehng, v.i., to lay down office, resign from government.
4. 致祭 jyh-jih, v.i., to offer sacrifices.
5. 致敬 jyh-jihng, v.i., pay respects by sending gifts, scroll, etc.
6. 致知 jyh-jy, v.i., attend knowledge.
7. 致力 jyh-lih, v.i., concentrate on (work).
8. 致命 jyh-mihng, v.i., (LL) to sacrifice one’s life;
9. 致命 jyh-mihng, v.i., 致命處 vital parts of body, fatal if injured;
10. 致命 jyh-mihng, v.i., 致命傷 fatal injury, also fig.
11. 致謝 jyh-shieh, v.i., to send thanks, to thank.
12. 致書 jyh-shu, v.i., send letter (to s. o.).
13. 致仕 jyh-shyh, v.i., to resign from government .
14. 致送 jyh-suhng, v.t., to send (gift).
15. 致死 jyh-syy, v.i., cause death: 致死的原因 cause of death.
16. 致辭 jyh-tsyr, v.i., give or recite an introductory remark or welcome on solemn occasions.
17. 致意 jyh-yih, v.t., to devote attention (to studies), send best regards: 代我致意 give s. o. my best regards.
18. 致疑 jyh-yir, v.i., raise doubt.
19. 致用 jyh-yuhng, v.i., as in 學以致用 education with a view to service to country or application to society.

攷 Num. Index: 31S.82-9 kaau . [Var. of 考 11.50]

敢 Num. Index: 31S.82-9 gaan .

V.i. & t. (1) Dare, venture, presume: 我不敢 I dare not;
豈敢 how dare I? 不敢當 (court.) I don’t deserve it (e. g., compliments, etc.);
他不敢那樣做 he dare not do such a thing;
敢死 gaan-syy↓;
用敢申請 I venture to request;
may I venture to inquire?
(2) Be hold enough to: 他居然敢反抗我 he has the audacity to oppose me.
(3) To challenge to do s. t.: 你敢再說一次 I challenge you to say it again.

Adj. & adv. (1) Perhaps, probably: 敢是他 perhaps it is he: 敢怕，敢是 gaan-pah, gaan-shyh↓.
(2) Bold(ly), brave(ly), courageous(ly): 勇敢 be brave enough;
敢作敢為 act with courage and determination;
敢作敢當 be bold enough to do s. t. and accept responsibility for it.

Words 1. 敢情 gaan-chirng, adv., (MC) (1) perhaps indeed: 敢情他是個騙子 perhapes he was in fact a cheat;
2. 敢情 gaan-chirng, adv., (2) naturally, of course: 敢情他會，他學了三年了 of course he can do it after having studied it for three years;
3. 敢情 gaan-chirng, adv., 那敢情好 it’s naturally good.
4. 敢待 gaan-daih, v.t., (MC) be on the point of doing (s. t.).
5. 敢當 gaan-dang, v.t. & adj., (be) deserving (of): 那怎敢當 how can I possibly deserve it? 不敢當 thank you, but really I don’t deserve it, a phr. for replying to praise, “I am unworthy”;
6. 敢當 gaan-dang, v.t. & adj., 泰山石敢當 a stone tablet inscribed with these characters and erected on the roadside supposedly as a charm to ward off evil influences.
7. 敢怕 gaan-pah, adv., perhaps, probably.
8. 敢是 gaan-shyh, adv., maybe, possibly: 敢是你不願意 maybe you are not willing.
9. 敢死 gaan-syy, v.i., dare to die;
10. 敢死 gaan-syy, 敢死隊 a suicide squad, dare-to-die corps.
11. 敢則 gaan-tzer, adv., (MC) see gaan-chirng↑.
12. 敢自 gaan-tzyh, adv., (MC) see gaan-chirng↑.

靉 Num. Index: 31S.82-9 aih .

Words 1. 靉靉 aih-aih, adj., luxuriant (forest), brilliant (clouds).
2. 璦靆 aih-daih, (1) adj., ditto;
3. 璦靆 aih-daih, (2) n., (MC) interpreted as eyeglasses.

瓢 Num. Index: 31S.83-9 piaur .

N. Dried gourd serving as dipper: 一瓢飲 a gourdful of liquid (allu. to Confucius’ disciple 顏回) happy in frugal living.

Words 1. 瓢蟲 piau-churng, n., ladybird, ladybug, a winged insect.
2. 瓢兒 piau-’l, n., a gourd dipper;
3. 瓢兒 piau-’l, n., also (facet.) 開了瓢兒 break one’s skull.

殄 Num. Index: 31S.91-8 tiaan .

V.t. (AC) to cut off, extirpate, destroy: 殄絕，殄滅 destroy utterly, exterminate;
殄戮，殄殲 destroy, kill enemy;
暴殄天物 wantonly destroy or waste products of nature, like grain.

形 Num. Index: 31S.91-9 shirng .

N. (1) Material form, shape: 形像 shirng-shiahng, 形體 shirng-tii↓;
四方形 square shape;
三角形 triangular shape;
球形 globe shape;
形形色色 the myriad shapes, all kinds of things;
有形 having material form;
無形 invisible, not material;
形而上 shirng-er-shahng↓.
(2) Appearance, look: 形態，形狀，形貌 shirng-taih, shirng-juahng, shirng-mauh↓;
情形 condition (of people, things), situation;
形銷骨立 thinned to the bone;
自慚形穢 (curt.) ashamed of my own appearance.
(3) Personal body or presence: 形骸 skeleton;
形影相隨 (of couple, lovers, close friends) never leave each other’s side (like “form and shadow”);
形單影隻 lonely, -liness.

V.t. (1) To appear in visible form, to express itself: 喜形於色 happiness written on one’s face;
難以形於筆墨 difficult to put in words;
形諸言論 (thoughts and feelings) are expressed in words.
(2) To compare: in 相形見絀 show to disadvantage by comparison.

Words 1. 形成 shirng-cherng, v.t., to become, crystallize (into form, movement): 形成仇敵 become enemies;
2. 形成 shirng-cherng, v.t., 形成僵局 an impasse;
3. 形成 shirng-cherng, v.t., deadlock.
4. 形而上 shirng-er-shahng, n. & adj., metaphysics, -sical.
5. 形骸 shirng-hair, n., person’s physical body;
6. 形骸 shirng-hair, n., 放浪形骸 given to sensual pleasures.
7. 形𤂌 (跡) shirng-ji, n., (1) person’s movements: 形跡可疑 (person’s) movements are suspicious;
8. 形𤂌 (跡) shirng-ji, n., (2) external formalities: 不拘形跡 do not stick to formalities.
9. 形景 shirng-jiing, n., gen. outlook, condition: 形景可憐 in a pitiable condition.
10. 形狀 shirng-juahng, n., (1) shape, form: 形狀似某人 (one’s) appearance resembles a certain person;
11. 形狀 shirng-juahng, n., (2) see shirng-jiing↑.
12. 形質 shirng-jyr, n., material body.
13. 形貌 shirng-mauh, n., facial look (like one’s father, in distress, etc.).
14. 形容 shirng-rurng, (1) n., personal expression: 形容憔悴 a sorrowful look;
15. 形容 shirng-rurng, (2) *shirng-’rung) v.t., to describe, express by words: 非筆墨所能形容 cannot be described by words;
16. 形容 shirng-rurng, v.t., 形容詞 (garm.) an adjective.
17. 形勝 shirng-shehng, n., scenic spot;
18. 形勝 shirng-shehng, n., the outlay of the land and waters.
19. 形聲 shirng-sheng, n., one of six principles of formation of Chin. characters, (see 六^書 60.80) by use of a component for phonetic value—the most prolific principle, e. g., the use of 青 in 清，情，請，etc. (also called 諧聲).
20. 形象 shirng-shiahng¹, n., (1) form, appearance;
21. 形象 shirng-shiahng¹, n., (2) statue, portrait.
22. 形相 shirng-shiahng², n., build and appearance of person, as indicating character, condition or luck: 嬉皮的怪形相 the outlandish appearance of the Hippies.
23. 形式 shirng-shyh¹, n., form (versus substance), formalities: 新形式 new form(s);
24. 形式 shirng-shyh¹, n., 形式主義 formalism, -listic, coldly conventional.
25. 形勢 shirng-shyh², n., (1) geographical outlay (山川形勢);
26. 形勢 shirng-shyh², n., (2) gen. trend, outlook, prospect: 形勢不穩 the situation of the army is quite vulnerable;
27. 形勢 shirng-shyh², n., 形勢不佳，甚佳， it looks very bad, very good.
28. 形似 shirng-syh, n., likeness, similarity.
29. 形態 shirng-taih, n., (1) posture, bodily carriage, esp. of woman;
30. 形態 shirng-taih, n., (2) gen. appearance or condition or expression.
31. 形體 shirng-tii, n., material body of a certain shape (as of earth, a comet).

彯 Num. Index: 31S.91-9 piau .

Words 1. 彯帶 piau-daih, n., streamer (also 飄帶).

了 Num. Index: 32.00 liaau (’le see vb. complement).

V.t. (1) To understand: 了解，了悟，了事，了然 liaau-jiee, liaau-wuh, liaau-shyh, liaau-rarn.↓
(2) To finish, complete, settle, dispose of, fulfill: 完了 to finish;
了畢，了卻，了結，了清，了事 liaau-bih, liaau-chyueh, liaau-jier, liaau-ching, liaau-shyh↓;
了案 settle case;
了債，了賬 settle debt, acounts;
未了之事 unfinished business;
以不了了之 leave it unsettled, conclude without conclusion;
不了情 unrequited but eternal love;
不得了 disastrous;
了不得 see liaau-buh-der↓;
得了此願，了此心願 able to fulfill this wish;
了此宿緣 fulfill this love regarded as working out of destiny.
(3) (Coll.) to put in, take away: 誰把一塊石頭了到井况了 who threw a rock into the well? 皮襖也讓他了去了 consider the fur jacket as also taken away;
forget about it.

Vb. complement. (1) (liaau) 得了 and 不了 after vbb. are idiomatic complements for “can” and “cannot” or “able” and “unable”: 此事辦不了 unable to finish this business;
不容易辦得了 not easy to finish;
他來不了 he is unable to come (prevented by business);
去不了 cannot go (on account of rain, etc.);
死不了 there will never be an end to these rascals.
(2) (’le) Unaccented, complement with the sense of conclusion (Eng. perfect tense);
(liaau) if accented: 他走了 he has gone;
畢業了 has graduated;
飯熟了 rice is cooked;
病好了 illness is recovered;
債還了 debt has been paid;
with the sense that s.t. has started moving: 來了，來了 (he) has come or is coning! (I) am coming!

Fin. Part. In imperative sentence: 好了，好了，不要多講了 well, well, don’t talk any more! 大家回房去睡了 go back to your rooms and get in bed!

Words 1. 了畢 liaau-bih, v.i., to finish.
2. 了不得 liaau-buh-der, adj., oft. in excl., marvellous (praise of person);
3. 了不得 liaau-buh-der, adj., 好的了不得 very, very good;
4. 了不得 liaau-buh-der, adj., 他的本領真了不得 his skill is truly marvellous;
5. 了不得 liaau-buh-der, adj., extremely: 痛的了不得 extremely painful;
6. 了不得 liaau-buh-der, adj., note: 不得了 has opposite mening of “disastrous.”
7. 了清 liaau-ching, v.i., settle (accounts).
8. 了卻 liaau-chyueh, v.t., as in 了卻一樁心事 finish s.t. I have always wanted to do;
9. 了卻 liaau-chyueh, v.t., 了卻這些糾紛 settle all this dispute.
10. 了當 liaau-dahng, adj., as in 直截了當 simple and direct, uncomplicated;
11. 了當 liaau-dahng, adj., (MC) settled.
12. 了得 liaau-der, (1) v.t., settle, complete, also understand: 可以了得，了得了 can understand or able to settle (business);
13. 了得 liaau-der, v.t., 這還了得 how horrible! (s.t. has got out of control);
14. 了得 liaau-der, (2) adj., very good, useful, serviceable: 十分了得 very good, commendable indeed;
15. 了得 liaau-der, adj., 幵實了得 really excellent;
16. 了得 liaau-der, adj., see difference between 了不得 and 不得了 liaau-buh-der↑.
17. 了鳥 liaur-diaau (liaur-niauh), (1) adj., hanging and swinging;
18. 了鳥 liaur-diaau (liaur-niauh), (2) n., brass or iron knocker ring on gate;
19. 了鳥 liaur-diaau (liaur-niauh), n., device to hold window in position.
20. 了斷 liaau-duahn, v.i., settle (case): 自尋了斷 find short way out, commit suicide.
21. 了賬 liaau-jahng, v.i., settle account;
22. 了賬 liaau-jahng, v.i., (coll.) pass away.
23. 了解 liaau-jiee, v.t., to understand: 你不了解我 you do not understand me.
24. 了結 liaau-jier, v.t., conclude (affair).
25. 了局 liaau-jyur, n., end settlement: 也不是個了局 this will not be the end—is no settlement.
26. 了兒 liaau-’l, n., the end: 到了兒還是落空 in the end get nothing;
27. 了兒 liaau-’l, n., 這事未了兒之前 before this affair has ended.
28. 了了 liaur-liaau, adj., understanding at heart: 心中了了 understand (without saying much);
29. 了了 liaur-liaau, adj., 不甚了了 do not quite understand;
30. 了了 liaur-liaau, adj., (MC) intelligent: 小時了了 was intelligent as a child.
31. 了亮 liaau-liahng, adj., simple, direct (in conduct, negotiations, etc.).
32. 了然 liaau-rarn, v.i., understand: 心中了然 understand in one’s mind;
33. 了然 liaau-rarn, v.i., 一目了然 understand at one glance.
34. 了事 liaau-shyh, (1) v.t., to settle disputes, dispose of (matter): 敷衍了事 to do s.t. in a perfunctory manner;
35. 了事 liaau-shyh, (2) adj., 了事的，了事之人 experienced, competent person;
36. 了事 liaau-shyh, adj., 了事人 arbitrator, settler of disputes.
37. 了悟 liaau-wuh, v.i. & t., to comprehend, understand (truth, teaching), wake up to, realize (one’s mistakes): 了悟前緣 understand fate caused by previous incarnation.

孑 Num. Index: 32.00 jier .

Adj. (1) Alone, solitary: 孑立 standing alone;
孑然 jier-rarn↓;
孑身 single, all by oneself.
(2) Left over, surviving, remaining: 孑遺 jier-yir↓.

Words 1. 孑孑 jier-jier, adj., (1) conspicuous, prominent;
2. 孑孑 jier-jier, adj., (2) tiny.
3. 孑孓 jier-jyuer, n., the larvae of mosquitoes.
4. 孑然 jier-rarn, adj., solitary, lonely: 孑然一身 with no relatives, friendless.
5. 孑遺 jier-yir, n., that which remains: 靡有孑遺 all have died off, no survivor.

孓 Num. Index: 32.00 jyuer .

Words 1. 孑孓 jier-jyuer, n., larvae of insects.

予 Num. Index: 32.00 yur (*yuu ).

Pron. (AC) I, me 予取予求 (LL) demand everything of me.

V.t. (*yuu) (AC, LL ＝與): 予之 give him;
不予 will not give;
賜予 (court.) to give;
給予 give;
施予 to dispense (help, favor);
予奪 (the power) to give and take away.

矛 Num. Index: 32.00 maur .

N. Spear.

Words 1. 矛盾 maurh-duhn (re. pr. mauh-duun), n. & adj., self-contradiction, -tory, inconsistent, -cy: 自相矛盾 to contradict oneself;
2. 矛盾 maurh-duhn (re. pr. mauh-duun), n. & adj., 矛盾政策 contradictory policies;
3. 矛盾 maurh-duhn (re. pr. mauh-duun), n. & adj., 矛盾律 principle of contradiction.

子 Num. Index: 32.00 tzyy (*tz unaccented as particle).

Part. (*tz) Attached to nn. for phonetic effect and for forming a bisyllablic n. to help distinguish it from a monosyllablic homonym;
the use of tz, or of ’lis determined entirely by usage: 桌子 (table, desk), 椅子 (chair), 筷子 (chopsticks), 金子 (gold), 銀子 (silver), 驢子 (donkey), 猴子 (monkey).

N. (1) The fruit or seeds of plants: 種子 seeds;
花子 flowr seeds;
桃子 peaches;
梨子 pears.
(2) eggs of animals: 魚子 the roe of fish;
烏魚子 caviar.
(3) offspring: 子嗣 tzyy-syh, 子孫 tzyy-sun, 子姪 tzyy-jyr, 子女 tzyy-nyuu¹, 子媳 tzyy-shir↓;
太子 the crown prince;
王子 prince;
世子 the son of a feudal lord;
宗子 the edlest son born of the first wife;
長子，次子，少子 eldest, second, youngest son bron of the first wife;
義子 adopted son, godson;
遺腹子 posthumous son;
獨生子 one’s only son.
(4) The first character in the duodecimal cycle, see Appendix A: 子時 tzyy-shyr↓.
(5) Title of respect for men of distinction: 孔子 Confucius;
孟子 Mencius;
先秦諸子 the pre-Chirn philosophers;
諸子百家 the various schools of thought;
天子 the Emperor (“the son of heaven”).
(6) Pupil, disciple: 子弟 tzyy-dih↓.
(7) One’s spouse: 內子 my better half, wife;
外子 my husband;
妻子 wife, family: 他的妻子 his wife and children.
(8) A person: 舟子 boatman;
士子 scholar;
男子 men;
女子 women, girls;
孩子 boy;
小子 child;
赤子 baby, young boy, an innocent child: 赤子之心 innocent heart;
童子 Boy: 童子軍 boy Scouts;
孺子 boy;
稚子 child.
(9) A nobleman, viscount ranking next below an earl or count (伯) and above a baron (男): 子爵 tzyy-jyuer↓.
(10) Anything standing in relation to another like mother and child: 分子 (math.) the numerator (opp. 分母 the denominator): 子金 tzyy-jin↓.
(11) Anything small in size: 銅子兒 copper coin;
彈子 bullet, billiard balls;
丸子 a meat ball, a pill (pellet) of medicine.

Words 1. 子本 tzyr-been, n., capital and interest.
2. 子部 tzyy-buh, n., “philosophy,” the third main division of traditional classification of Chin. books, as distinct from “Confucian classics” (經), “history” (史), and “belles-lettres” (集).
3. 子城 tzyy-cherng, n., minor division of a metropolitan city, an extension of the old city.
4. 子錢 tzyy-chiarn, n., (1) money put out at interest;
5. 子錢 tzyy-chiarn, n., (2) interest from money lent.
6. 子彈 tzyy-dahn, n., bullet.
7. 子道 tzyy-dauh, n., filial duties.
8. 子弟 tzyy-dih, n., (1) children in relation to elders;
9. 子弟 tzyy-dih, n., sons and younger brothers of a family (opp. 父兄 father and elder brother);
10. 子弟 tzyy-dih, n., able-bodied men (opp. 父老 elders);
11. 子弟 tzyy-dih, n., (2) patron of prostitutes;
12. 子弟 tzyy-dih, n., 子弟書 tzyy-dih-shu, n., songs sung to the accompaniment of a drum, as originated by Manchu boys.
13. 子房 tzyy-farng, n., (bot.) the ovary.
14. 子婦 tzyy-fuh, n., (1) formerly, son and daughter-in-law;
15. 子婦 tzyy-fuh, n., (2) daughter-in-law.
16. 子規 tzyy-guei, n., (zoo.) the cuckoo.
17. 子宮 tzyy-gung, n., the womb, the uterus;
18. 子宮 tzyy-gung, n., 子宮頸部 cervix.
19. 子薑 tzyy-jiang, n., young ginger.
20. 子金 tzyy-jin, n., interest from capital (母金).
21. 子注 tzyy-juh, n., small-type explanatory notes in books.
22. 子姪 tzyy-jyr¹, n., sons and nephews.
23. 子職 tzyy-jyr², n., filial duties.
24. 子爵 tzyy-juer, n., viscount(cy).
25. 子句 tzyy-jyuh, n., (grammar) a clause.
26. 子口 tzyr-koou, n., formerly, an inland customs station: 子口稅 transit dues.
27. 子兒 tzee-’l, n., (1) plant seeds;
28. 子兒 tzee-’l, n., (2) a bundle (of noodles, etc.);
29. 子兒 tzee-’l, n., number of anything long and slender lumped together;
30. 子兒 tzee-’l, n., (3) anything small and hard: 石頭子兒 pebbles;
31. 子兒 tzee-’l, n., 子兒表 tzee-’l-biaau, n., small pocket watch;
32. 子兒 tzee-’l, n., 子兒繩 tzee-’l-sherng, n., a kind of thin string made of flax fiber.
33. 子粒 tzyy-lih, n., tiny particles.
34. 子門 tzyy-mern, n., (Chin. med.) the cervix of the womb.
35. 子民 tzyy-mirn, n., the people.
36. 子目 tzyy-muh, n., detailed list of contents.
37. 子母 tzyy-muu, n., (1) mother and child;
38. 子母 tzyy-muu, n., (2) capital and interest;
39. 子母 tzyy-muu, n., (3) two things, one heavy and the other light, as contrasted with one another;
40. 子母 tzyy-muu, n., 子母彈 (mil.) shrapnel;
41. 子母 tzyy-muu, n., 子母環 two links, one big and the other small, joined together;
42. 子母 tzyy-muu, n., 子母扣兒 a button, of which one half in male and the other female, a snap-button.
43. 子囊 tzyy-narng, n., (bot.) a spore case.
44. 子女 tzyr-nyuu, n., son and daughter.
45. 子平 tzyy-pirng, n., horoscopy, after the name of person (徐子平) who was well versed in the art.
46. 子絃 tzyy-shiarn¹, n., very fine silk strings of musical instrument.
47. 子癇 tzyy-shiarn², n., (med.) cramps during pregnancy.
48. 子系 tzyy-shih¹, n., posterity, offspring.
49. 子細 tzyy-shih², adj. & adv., (1) meticulous, paying attention to every detail;
50. 子細 tzyy-shih², adj. & adv., (2) careful, attentive (usu. wr. 仔細).
51. 子姓 tzyy-shihng, n., (AC) descendants, offspring (＝子孫).
52. 子息 tzyy-shir, n., (1) one’s children;
53. 子息 tzyy-shir, n., (2) profits from capital investment.
54. 子書 tzyy-shu¹, n., works of anc. philosophers other than those of Confucius.
55. 子數 tzyy-shu², n., (math.) the first term in a ratio (opp. 母數 the second term);
56. 子數 tzyy-shu², n., the numerator of a fraction.
57. 子時 tzyy-shyr, n., period from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m.
58. 子實體 tzyy-shyr-tii, n., (bot.) mycelium.
59. 子虛 tzyy-shyu, n., unreal, nonexistent things: 子虛烏有 pure imagination.
60. 子婿 tzyy-shyuh, n., son-in-law, daughter’s husband.
61. 子孫 tzyy-sun (tzyy-sun, n., children and grandchilder, descendants, offspring;
62. 子孫 tzyy-sun (tzyy-sun, n., 子孫桶 (euphem.) commode forming part of the bridal dowry.
63. 子嗣 tzyy-syh, n., one’s children, descendants, offspring.
64. 子午蓮 tzyr-wuu-liarn, n., (bot.) a kind of lotus which blossoms between midday and midnight;
65. 子午蓮 tzyr-wuu-liarn, n., 子午痧 (Chin. med.) an acute disease accompanied by stomach-ache, vomiting, chills, perspiration, and thirst, usu, fatal within a few hours;
66. 子午蓮 tzyr-wuu-liarn, n., 子午線 (astron.) the meridians;
67. 子午蓮 tzyr-wuu-liarn, n., 子午儀 a transit instrument.
68. 子藥 tzyy-yauh, n., bullets and gunpowder.
69. 子夜 tzy-yeh¹, n., midnight;
70. 子夜 tzy-yeh¹, n., 子夜歌 an anc. ballad or its later imitations.
71. 子葉 tzy-yeh², n., (bot.) a cotyledon.
72. 子胤 tzyy-yihn, n., sons and daughters.
73. 子音 tzyy-yin, n., (anc. phonetics) consonants (opp. 母音 vowels).

孕 Num. Index: 32.00 yuhn .

N. Pregnancy: 懷孕，有孕 pregnant;
受孕 conceive (a child);
避孕 birth control;
不孕 barren.

Words 1. 孕婦 yuhn-fuh, n., a pregnant woman.
2. 孕育 yuhn-yuh, v.i., to give birth to and raise (child);
3. 孕育 yuhn-yuh, v.i., (fig.) to conceive, to nurse (an idea, conception).

承 Num. Index: 32.00 cherng .

V.t. (1) (Court.) to receive from above (instructions, mandate, appoinment, letter, gift): 承受，承賜，承命，承奉 cherng-shouh, cherng-tsyh, cherng-mihng, cherng-fehng, etc.↓.

V. (2) To take over (in vb. compp., 承＋vb.—having the connotation of “takig over” “on the receiving end”): 承繼，承租，承包 cherng-jih, cherng-tzu, cherng-bau↓;
承擔 cherng-dan↓.
(3) To continue: 承上起下 (a conjunction like “however” which) carries forward in a new paragraph;
承先啟後 carry on the past heritage and open up the future.
(4) To serve: 承歡，承顏 cherng-huan, cherng-yarn↓;
奉承 to please of flatter another.
(5) To admit, promise: 承認，承諾 cherng-rehn, cherng-nuoh↓;
應承 to promise.

Words 1. 承保 cherng-baau, v.i. & t., to act as guarantor.
2. 承辦 cherng-bahn, v.i. &t., to contract for job.
3. 承包 cherng-bau, v.i. & t., ditto.
4. 承差 cherng-chai, n., (MC) servant (＝modn.聽差).
5. 承塵 cherng-chern, n., (1) formerly, parasol held over emperor during journey;
6. 承塵 cherng-chern, n., (2) the ceiling (lit., “catch dust” from roof).
7. 承情 cherng-chirng, v.i., to receive s.o.’s gift or favor.
8. 承寵 cherng-chuung, v.i., to receive royal favor.
9. 承擔 cherng-dan, v.t., undertake (task, job), accept (risks), be responsible (for success, mistakes).
10. 承當 cherng-dang, v.t., ditto.
11. 承兌 cherng-dueih, v.t., accept or honor (check);
12. 承兌 cherng-dueih, v.t., 承兌交單 documents against acceptance.
13. 承恩 cherng-en, v.i., to receive royal favor.
14. 承乏 cherng-far, v.i., (court.) unworthily fill a post.
15. 承奉 cherng-fehng, v.t., to receive (order, instructions, letter).
16. 承購 cherng-gouh, v.t., to act as purchasing agent.
17. 承管 cherng-guaan, v.t., to have charge (of property, affairs).
18. 承歡 cherng-huan, v.i., (1) to do everything to please (parents);
19. 承歡 cherng-huan, v.i., (2) to cater to (superiors).
20. 承教 cherng-jiauh, phr., to receive your advice, (court.) meet personally.
21. 承睫 cherng-jier, v.i., (LL) (1) (tears) brim over (“lashes”);
22. 承睫 cherng-jier, v.i., (2) look on the ground (“lower eyelashes”).
23. 承繼 cherng-jih, v.t., to inherit (also 繼承);
24. 承繼 cherng-jih, v.t., 承繼權 right of inheritance.
25. 承重孫 cherng-juhng-sun, n., eldest son of eldest branch during grandfather’s funeral, when one’s father is dead (thus acting in “doubly heavy” responsibility).
26. 承攬 cherng-laan, v.t., to take over or take entire control (of duties, responsibilities).
27. 承霤 cherng-liouh, n., receptacle for catching rain water from the eaves.
28. 承露盤 cherng-luh-parn, n., basin for catching dew water.
29. 承蒙 cherng-merng, v.i., (LL, court.) to be favored with (letter, etc.): 承蒙不棄 to meet with (your gracious consent, etc.).
30. 承命 cherng-mihng, v.t., (court.) receive (instructions).
31. 承諾 cherng-nuoh, v.i., to answer “yes” to request, to promise.
32. 承平 cherng-pirng, adj., peaceful (era).
33. 承認 cherng-rehn, v.i. & t., to admit (mistakes, blame, etc.);
34. 承認 cherng-rehn, v.i. & t., to recognize (a government, a cousin, illegitimate son);
35. 承認 cherng-rehn, v.i. & t., 法律承認 de jure recognition;
36. 承認 cherng-rehn, v.i. & t., 事實承認 de facto recognition.
37. 承襲 cherng-shir, v.t., to inherit (rank).
38. 承受 cherng-shouh, v.i. & t., to receive (responsibility, gift, order, etc.).
39. 承祧 cherng-tiau, v.i., (a son of one branch) is legally adopted as heir of another branch without progeny;
40. 承祧 cherng-tiau, v.i., 承祧子 now also refers to the proper heir (嗣子).
41. 承賜 cherng-tsyh, v.t., (court.) receive (gift).
42. 承租 cherng-tzu, v.i., to rent (a house).
43. 承望 cherng-wahng, v.i., to hope, expect: 不承望 or 誰承望 didn’t expect, or who would have thought.
44. 承顏 cherng-yarn, v.i., (1) see cherng-huan↑;
45. 承顏 cherng-yarn, v.i., (2) to meet personally.
46. 承運 cherng-yuhn, v.i., receive “heaven’s mandate” or call to rule as emperor.

朵 Num. Index: 32.01 duoo .

N. adjunct. 一朵花 a flower;
一朵雲 a cluster of cloud.

N. Petal-like form: 花朵 flower 耳朵 ear lobe.

Words 1. 朵頤 duoo-yir, v.i., (LL) “move cheeks”—(of food) inviting, attractive.

柔 Num. Index: 32.01 rour .

Adj. (1) Weak, flexible, pliant (opp. 剛 strong, rigid): 柔弱 rour-ruoh↓;
柔軟 rour-ruaan↓;
柔韌 flexible, pliable;
柔懦 weak, timid;
柔茹 ditto;
好柔 very weak (soft);
柔得很 extremely soft (supple, flexible).
(2) Soft, mild, gentle: 柔和 rour-he↓;
柔順 meek, submissive;
溫柔 gentle, meek;
柔媚 effeminate, ingratiating;
柔柔的 soft to the touch;
柔婉 gentle and genial;
柔嫩 soft and tender;
柔然 an anc. Tartar tribe;
輕柔 light and soft;
柔惠 gentle and kind;
柔風 a gentle breeze;
柔光 a soft light.

Words 1. 柔腸 rour-charng, n., a woman’s (wife’s) pining for her lover (husband): 柔腸寸斷 the heart breaks to think of one’s love.
2. 柔情 rour-chirng, n., the tender feelings of a lover: 柔情萬種 the indescribable feelings of one desperately in love.
3. 柔道 rour-dauh, n., (1) the soft approach (opp. 霸道 the way of the bully);
4. 柔道 rour-dauh, n., (2) judo.
5. 柔汗 rour-hahn¹, n., (Chin. med.) cold sweat.
6. 柔翰 rour-hahn², n., the writing brush.
7. 柔和 rour-he, adj., soft, gentle.
8. 柔化 rour-huah, (1) V.i., soft down, weaken;
9. 柔化 rour-huah, (2) n., softening (weakening) of attitude.
10. 柔曼 rour-mahn, adj., (AC, LL) (of woman’s flesh) soft and supple.
11. 柔麻 rour-mar, n., mulberry and hemp (material or occupation of sericulture and weaving).
12. 柔軟 rour-ruaan (rour-’ruan), adj., soft, flexible, easily bent: 柔軟體操 calisthenics.
13. 柔弱 rour-ruoh, adj., weak, soft, meek.
14. 柔日 rour-ryh, n., even days designated by 乙，丁，己，辛 and 癸 in the 天干 system of reckoning time (opp. 剛日 odd days designated by 甲，丙，戊，庚 and 壬), see Appendix A.
15. 柔色 rour-seh, n., a smiling face put on by the son in the presence of his father.
16. 柔性 rour-shihng, n., flexibility (opp. 剛性 rigidity).
17. 柔術 rour-shuh, n., judo, jujitsu.
18. 柔荑 rour-tir, n., a woman’s lovely hands (“as soft and white as young reeds”).
19. 柔握 rour-woh, n., a woman’s tender hands.
20. 柔遠 rour-yuaan, phr., show kindness to people from distant lands.
21. 柔魚 rour-yur, n., (zoo.) the cuttlefish, Ommastrephus pacificus (also 魷魚).

桑 Num. Index: 32.01 sang .

N. (1) The mulberry: 桑樹 ditto;
桑間濮上 mulberry orchard on river Puu—(allu.) place of illicit love-making;
桑中之會 (AC allu.) lovers’ rendezvous (in mulberry field).
(2) A surname.

Words 1. 桑果 sang-guoo, n., the berry of mulberry.
2. 桑蠖 sang-huh¹, n., the looper caterpillar.
3. 桑扈 sang-huh², n., the hawfinch.
4. 桑牛 sang-niour, n., a beetle oft. found on mulberries, Apriona rugicollis,
5. 桑皮 sang-pir, n., mulberry bark;
6. 桑皮 sang-pir, n., 桑皮紙 durable paper made from this.
7. 桑葚 (兒) sang-shehn (sang-sheh-’l), n., the mulberry fruit (also 桑子 sang-tzyy).
8. 桑田 sang-tiarn, n., mulberry orchard.
9. 桑土 sang-tuu, n., (1) mulberry field;
10. 桑土 sang-tuu, n., (2) (sang-duh) (AC) mulberry root.
11. 桑梓 sang-tzyy, n., childhood home town (“the mulberry home, and the catalpa”): 關心桑梓 concern for one’s home town.
12. 桑榆 sang-yur, n., time of old age (from AC allu. where the sun sets on “the mulberry and the elm”): 桑榆晚景 in the evening of one’s life.

檃 Num. Index: 32.01 yiin .

N. See 檃栝 yiin-gua↓.

V.t. To rectify.

Words 1. 檃栝 yiin-gua, n., a mason’s device for straightening surface or line.

隳 Num. Index: 32.02 huei .

V.i. & t. (Of walls) to crumble;
to raze (city wall).

圣 Num. Index: 32.11 shehng . [Pop. of 聖 31.11]

墮 Num. Index: 32.11 duoh (*huei ). [Cogn. 墜]

V.i. (1) To fall down, off, into: 墮下 fall down;
墮馬 fall off horse;
夕陽西墮 the sun is setting west;
墮其術中 fall into his trap;
墮入五里霧中 be completely at a loss (as in a fog).
(2) (*huer) Be destroyed (var. of 隳).

Adj. Var. of 惰 lazy.

Words 1. 墮落 duoh-luoh, v.i., to pieces morally, sink into bad habits;
2. 墮落 duoh-luoh, v.i., be in bad days, decay.
3. 墮胎 duoh-tai, v.i., have miscarriage or abortion.

墜 Num. Index: 32.11 jueih .

N. (jueih-tz, ’l) Pendant type of earring, see 墜子 jueih-’tz↓.

V.i. To fall, fall down: 墜馬 fall off horseback;
墜樓 fall down from top floor;
墜地 jueih-dih↓.

Adj. Fallen: 墜胎，墜典 jueih-tai, jueih-diaan↓.

Words 1. 墜典 jueih-diaan, n., (LL) customs or institutions of olden times.
2. 墜地 jueih-dih, v.i., (1) as in 呱呱墜地 child is bron with a cry;
3. 墜地 jueih-dih, v.i., (2) 文武之道，未墜於地 when the tradition of Kings Wern and Wuu had not yet fallen apart.
4. 墜肚 jueih-duh, v.i., to have loose bowels.
5. 墜歡 jueih-huan, phr., (1) the pleasures of bygone days;
6. 墜歡 jueih-huan, phr., (2) lost favor of lover: 墜歡重捨 revive old romance.
7. 墜緒 jueih-shyuh, n., lost tradition.
8. 墜胎 jueih-tai, v.i. & n., (have) miscarriage or abortion.
9. 墜體 jueih-tii, n., (phy.) a falling body.
10. 墜子 jueih-’tz, n., (1) pendant earrings;
11. 墜子 jueih-’tz, n., (2) a form of folk entertainment, song and narrative recitation, with drum accompaniment.

鼐 Num. Index: 32.22 naih .

N. (AC) a large tripod used as sacrificial vessel.

丞 Num. Index: 32.30 cherng .

N. (1) A magistrate: 府丞，縣丞 magistrate of district, county.
(2) Premier, minister: 輔丞 high minister;
丞相 cherng-shiahng↓.

Words 1. 丞相 cherng-shiahng, n., prime minister.

亟 Num. Index: 32.30 jir (*chih<).

Adv. (1) Anxiously, urgently: 亟欲 want to have or do (s.t.) right away;
亟須 must be done without delay.
(*chih) Repeatedly, again and again: 亟請 insistently request;
亟問 repeatedly ask questions of (s.o.).

孟 Num. Index: 32.30 mehng .

N. A surname: 孟子 Mencius.

Adj. (LL) First in series 孟，仲，季，oft. in brothers’ names, esp. inseasons’ names: 孟春，孟夏，孟秋，孟冬 first month of spring, sumemer, autumn, winter.

Words 1. 孟晉 mehng-jihn, v.i., (AC) press forward ＝猛進.
2. 孟浪 mehng-lahng, adj., reckless: 孟浪之言 reckless, improper talk.
3. 孟祿主義 Mehng-luh-juu-yih, n., Monroe Doctrine.
4. 孟陬 mehng-tzou, n., (LL) frist month of the year.

盈 Num. Index: 32.30 yirng .

N. Surplus (also wr. 贏): 盈餘 yirng-yur↓.

Adj. (1) Full: 豐盈 in abundance;
惡貫漢盈 sunk in sin, having a full record of crimes and misdeeds;
盈千累萬 in hundreds and thousands.
(2) Light and supple: 輕盈 supple (body).

Words 1. 盈虧 yirng-kuei, n., (1) profit and loss;
2. 盈虧 yirng-kuei, n., (2) waxing and waning of the moon.
3. 盈滿 yirng-maan, adj., full to overflow.
4. 盈盈 yirng-yirng, adj., (1) supple (figure, gait);
5. 盈盈 yirng-yirng, adj., (2) clear, lucid (light, water).
6. 盈餘 yirng-yur, n., surplus profit.

登 Num. Index: 32.30 deng .

V.i. & t. (1) To climb, go aboard (boat, airplane, car), enter, mount: 登山 climb mountain;
登高，登天 climb high, ascend to heaven;
登㶴造極 reach the peak (of art);
一登龍門 enter the dragon gate, i.e., the hall of honor;
登梯，樓 climb stairs, go up to upper floor;
登殿 go into temple or palace;
登門拜謝 go to friend’s to thank him;
登臺 go on the stage (to speak, perform);
登基，登極 mount the throne;
登位 begin reign as ruler.
(2) To register: 登脹 enter in the accounts;
登記，登載，登錄 deng-jih, deng-tzaih, deng-luh↓.
(3) To publish in papers: 消息報上已登出來了 news has been published in the papers;
(article) has been published.
(4) (LL) harvest: 五穀豐登，不登 produce good, bad, harvests.

Words 1. 登第 deng-dih, v.i., formerly, pass civil examinations, receive government degress.
2. 登東 deng-dung, v.i., (MC) go to toilet.
3. 登記 deng-jih, v.i., to enrol, register name in official record;
4. 登記 deng-jih, v.i., register mail;
5. 登記 deng-jih, v.i., 登記商標 registered trademark.
6. 登科 deng-ke, v.i., see deng-dih↑.
7. 登臨 deng-lirn, v.i., visit famous mountains, historic sites.
8. 登錄 deng-luh, v.i., to register.
9. 登陸艇 deng-luh-tiing, n., landing barge, LST.
10. 登龍 deng-lurng, v.i., esp. 登龍術 secret of success (oft. derog.).
11. 登仙 deng-shian, v.i., become an immortal;
12. 登仙 deng-shian, v.i., (euphem.) die, pass away.
13. 登時 deng-shyr, adv., at once.
14. 登徒子 deng-tur-tzyy, n., playboy.
15. 登載 deng-tzaih, v.i., be carried in the papers.
16. 登聞鼓 deng-wern-guu, n., drum at court, beaten by one who lodges complaint against some injustice.
17. 登月艙 deng-yuh-tsang, n., Lunar Module or 登月艇 deng-yuh-tiing.
18. 登庸 deng-yurng, v.i., select and promote talent for post.

鍪 Num. Index: 32.30 mour .

N. (1) A kind of axe.
(2) see 兜^鍪 90.70.

𠋥 Num. Index: 32.30 dier . [Pop. of 疊 41.30]

瞀 Num. Index: 32.41 mauh or mouh .

Adj. (AC) Obscure, blind, confused: 瞀視，瞀病 purblind;
瞀儒 ignorant Confucianists;
瞀亂 confused.

Words 1. 瞀瞀（然） mauh-mahu(rarn), adv., blindly;
2. 瞀瞀（然） mauh-mahu(rarn), adv., not daring to look straight.

□ Num. Index: 32.41 harn . [Anc. var. of 函 31.21]

胥 Num. Index: 32.42 shyu .

Fin. part. (AC) 君子樂胥 the gentlemen are enjoying themselves.

N. (AC) officer;
secretary: 胥吏，胥徒 shyu-lih, shyu-tur↓.

V.i. (1) To assist: 與人相胥 (AC) to assist others.
(2) (AC) to wait: 胥後命 to wait for further order.
(3) (AC) to observe: 于胥斯原 to observe these plains.

Adv. (LL) all: 胥賴 depend all on;
胥是君力 all is due to your efforts.

Words 1. 胥吏 shyu-lih, n., (LL) government clerks in gen., also officers.
2. 胥徒 shyu-tur, n., ditto.

甬 Num. Index: 32.42 yuung .

N. (AC) (1) A drum stick.
(2) A dry measure.

Words 1. 甬道 yuung-dauh, n., (1) a tunnel;
2. 甬道 yuung-dauh, n., (2) covered corridor or passage way.
3. 甬路 yuung-luh, n., ditto.

矞 Num. Index: 32.42 yuh .

Words 1. 矞皇 yuh-huarng, adj., (LL) splendid, magnificent.

乃 Num. Index: 32.50 naai . [Anc. var. 曍，迺]

Pron. (AC) (1) You, your, his: 乃祖乃父 your (his) grandfather and father;
乃兄乃弟 your (his) elder and younger brothers;
乃夫 your husband;
各修乃職，考乃法，待乃事 (AC) let each one of you do his duties conscientiously, study his rules and regulations carefully, and be ready to answer all calls for his service.
(2) Your, followed by a n., has the force of a reflexive pron. referring to the person speaking, consequently, 乃父 I, your father;
乃翁 I, your old man or grandfather.

V.i. Be (in definite assertion), be really, be indeed: 他乃我兄 he is (really) my elder brother;
此乃我國所產 this is a native product.

Adv. (LL) (1) Then, only then, after that, afterwards: 太陽出來，我乃起床 I get up only after sunrise;
乃克成行 then it will be possible for (s.o.) to go;
乃可 then it will be all right;
無乃太□乎 is it not too simple then?
(2) Even: 乃至如此 it even came to such a pass.
(3) (AC) so, such: 子無乃稱 don’t so call yourself;
乃爾 naai-eel↓.
(4) Actually, really, such, formerly: 乃是 naai-shyu↓;
乃如 naai-rur↓;
乃者 naai-jee↓.

Words 1. 乃爾 naai-eel, adv., to such an extent, degree.
2. 乃者 naai-jee, adv., (AC) formerly, the other day, not long ago, yesteryear.
3. 乃如 naai-rur, adv., such as, for example.
4. 乃是 naai-shyh, v.i., really is, are.
5. 乃因 naai-yin, conj., it is because.

勇 Num. Index: 32.50 yuung .

N. (1) Soldier, conscript: 兵勇 ditto.
(2) Bravery, courage: 匹夫之勇 animal courage.

Adj. (1) Brave: 勇敢 yuung-gaan↓;
勇士 yuung-shyh↓;
勇者 the brave;
義勇隊 volunteers;
忠勇 loyal and brave;
勇德 fortitude.
(2) Forward, ready: 勇於私𥌓，怯於公憤 ever ready for private fights, but leaning backwards in public cause;
勇往 proceed courageously.
(3) Fierce: 勇猛，勇悍 yuung-meeng, yuung-hahn↓.

Words 1. 勇氣 yuung-chih, n., courage.
2. 勇敢 yurng-gaan, adj., brave, daring.
3. 勇悍 yuung-hahn, adj., fearless, ferocious (fighter).
4. 勇決 yuung-jyuer, adj., decisive, determined (person).
5. 勇猛 yurng-meeng, adj. & adv., brave, -ly, fearless, -ly.
6. 勇士 yuung-shyh, n., warrior, fighter.
7. 勇退 yuung-tueih, phr., 急流勇退 “retreat bravely”—i.e., draw back wisely in face of overwhelming odds.
8. 勇往 yurng-waang, phr., 勇往直前 go forward courageously.
9. 勇武 yurng-wuu, adj., martial (spirit).

騖 Num. Index: 32.50 wuh .

V.i. (1) To gallop.
(2) To run after, strive after: 貪高騖遠 run after high position or far-off things;
騖外，旁騖 be derelict in duty and run about irrelevant business.

鶩 Num. Index: 32.50 wuh (also muh ).

N. (AC) wild duck.

騭 Num. Index: 32.50 jyh .

N. (1) (AC) a stallion.
(2) 陰騭 (＝陰功) good works done in secret which will be rewarded by heaven.

V.t. (AC) to promote (var. of 陟 32A.91);
to bless: 上天陰騭下民 (AC) Heaven secretly blesses the people.

烝 Num. Index: 32.63 jeng .

N. (AC) winter sacrifice.

V.t. (AC) to have incest with father’s mistress (probably from 蒸 heat goes up).

Adj. (AC) many: 烝民，烝黎 the (many) common people.

乙 Num. Index: 32.70 yii .

N. (1) Number 2 in decimal cycle, see Appendix A.
(2) Second: 乙等，乙級 second grade.
(3) A suppositional person: 某甲，某乙 a certain Mr. X, and a certain Mr. Y.
(4) Second watch in the night: 乙夜.
(5) U.f. 一：乙乙 or 一一 (munition) one by one.

虱 Num. Index: 32.70 shy . [Var. of 蝨 32.93]

飛 Num. Index: 32.70 fei .

V.i. & t. (1) To fly, send flying, as birds, insects, snowflakes: 飛上，下，來，去 ditto;
飛來之禍 unexpected trouble;
天外飛來 out of nowhere;
飛進 fly into;
飛落 drop (of flower petals);
飛行 fei-shirng↓;
飛書 send letter at once (for help, etc.);
飛報 report quickly;
飛簷走壁 (of great thief) climb walls and leap onto roofs;
眉飛色舞 (of face) open up in smiles of exultation.
(2) Dart: 飛眼兒 make a darting glance.

Adj. (1) Flying: 飛吻 a flying kiss;
飛石，飛矢，飛劍 flying rocks, arrows, sword;
飛閣 tower connected by flying corridor;
飛禽，飛鳥 birds;
飛禽走獸 birds and beasts;
飛砂走石 flying sands (sandstorm in desert);
飛騎 fast cavalry;
飛 (蜚) 語流長 flying rumors;
飛鷹 flying eagle;
飛鷹走狗 hawks and hounds (underlings);
飛腿，飛踢 flying kick.
(2) 飛仔 (Cantonese) a juvenile delinquent.

Words 1. 飛瀑 fei-bauh, n., (flying) waterfals.
2. 飛奔 fei-ben, v.i., dash (away).
3. 飛白 fei-bor, n., style of cursive calligraphy with dry brush, showing hollow lines.
4. 飛橋 fei-chiaru, n., flying or very high bridge.
5. 飛偽 fei-chyuahn, n., kind of anc. paper-money.
6. 飛彈 fei-dahn, n., (1) stray bullet;
7. 飛彈 fei-dahn, n., (2) missile, rocket: 反飛彈 antimissile;
8. 飛彈 fei-dahn, n., 彈道飛彈 ballistic missiles;
9. 飛彈 fei-dahn, n., 洲際彈道飛彈 intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBM).
10. 飛碟 fei-dier, n., flying saucer, unidentified flying object (UFO).
11. 飛蛾 fei-er, n., moth.
12. 飛歸 fei-guei, v.i., a way of reckoning division with abacus.
13. 飛蝗 fei-huarng, n., (flying) locust pest.
14. 飛黃騰達 fei-huarng-terng-dar, phr., get rapid promotion or series of successes in polities or business.
15. 飛漲 fei-jahng, n. & v.i., sudden (-ly) or rapid (-ly) increase (of prices).
16. 飛機 fei-ji, n., airplane;
17. 飛機 fei-ji, n., 飛機㪫 airport;
18. 飛機 fei-ji, n., 直昇飛機 helicopter.
19. 飛腳 fei-jiaau, n., flying kick.
20. 飛撾 fei-jua, n., a metallic weapon thrown at enemy, shaped like eagle’s claw.
21. 飛樓 fei-lour, n., anc. scaffolding for laying siege and attacking city wall.
22. 飛輪 fei-lurn, n., (phys.) flying wheel.
23. 飛毛腿 fei-maur-tueei, n., a fast walker.
24. 飛跑 fei-paau, v.i., run very fast.
25. 飛蓬 fei-perng, n., see 蓬 20A.83N.
26. 飛昇 fei-sheng, v.i., fly up (to heaven).
27. 飛錫 fei-shir, phr., of monk’s travel, see 錫^杖81A.50.
28. 飛行 fei-shirng, v.i., to fly (around the earth, etc.), to go by plane;
29. 飛行 fei-shirng, v.i., 飛行員 air pilot.
30. 飛騰 fei-terng, v.i., to go up (to the sky).
31. 飛梯 fei-ti, n., anc. weapon for scaling enemy city wall.
32. 飛艇 fei-tiing, n., dirigible airship (lighter-than-air type).
33. 飛子 fek-tzyy (fek-’tz), formerly, narrow slip of paper, used like chips for drawing pay.
34. 飛揚 (颺) fei-yarng, v.i., float in the sky;
35. 飛揚 (颺) fei-yarng, v.i., grow in strength: 飛揚跋扈 to become powerful and intransigent.
36. 飛魚 fei-yur, n., flying fish.

□ Num. Index: 32.70 jiin .

N. The nuptial wine cup: 合□，交□ drink the nuptial wine cup as part of the wedding ceeremony.

凳 Num. Index: 32.70 dehng .

N. (dehng-tz) Stool, bench: oft. 板凳.

恿 Num. Index: 32.72 yuung . [Pop. var. of □ 63.72; anc. var. of 勇 32.50]

□ Num. Index: 32.80 shiarn . [Abbr. of 賢 51.80]

癸 Num. Index: 32.81 gueei .

N. (1) The last character of 天干 (the decimal cycle), see Appendix A.
(2) A surname.

Words 1. 癸水 gueir-shueei, n., menstruation.

又 Num. Index: 32.82 youh . [Usu. printed □]

Adv. (1) Again: 你又來了 you again! 又過了一天 another day passed again;
in many combinations expressing the idea “again”: 又復，又再，更又 again;
且又 besides;
又加，又兼 in addition (besides).
(2) Oft. containing a rebuke, disapproval: 又是他 it’s he, the same person, again! 又來官樣文章 again the bombastic talk of bureaucracy;
你又不是一個小孩 besides, you are not a child (and should not listen to him).

Conj. And: 一又三分之二 one and two-thirds;
oft. 又…又…：又高又大 big and tall;
又聾又啞 both deaf and mute;
又冷又下雨 it’s cold and raining;
又饑又渴 both hungry and thirsty.

叉 Num. Index: 32.82 cha (*char , *chaa ).

N. (cha-tz) A fork, a prong: 刀叉 knife and fork;
叉竿，木叉 (also wr. 杈) a pronged stick;
鐵叉 an iron prong or poker;
火叉子 fire tongs;
魚叉子 a fish spear.

V.t. (1) To cross: 叉手 cha-shoou↓;
叉指 to interlace fingers;
交叉 to cross (lines, roads);
交叉點 crossroads, point of intersection.
(2) To pick up with a fork, hold at bay or push as with a fork;
用叉叉魚 spear a fish;
叉起一塊肉 pick up meat with fork;
叉出門外 push (person) out of the gate with both hands.
(3) To play mahjong: 叉麻雀 or 麻匠.
(4) (*char) To stick in the throat: 叉在嗓子况 (bone) sticks in the throat.
(5) (*char) To hook up a railawy car: 叉車 cars stack up and block the road.
(6) (*chaa) To fork out, branch out in different directions: 叉開 chaa-kai↓;
叉牙 chaa-yar↓;
褲叉 (in tailoring) where the legs of trousers meet;
叉門 to stand at door and block entrance with arms spread out.

Words 1. 叉股子話 cha-guu-tz-huah, n., (coll.) contradictory statements.
2. 叉灰泥 *chaa-huei-nir, n., mixed cement.
3. 叉開 *chaa-kai, v.i., fork out, push aside with both hands.
4. 叉劈 chaa-’pi, adj. & adv., divergent: 走叉劈了 (our) ways diverge in different directions.
5. 叉手 cha-shoou, v.i., to fold hands in salute.
6. 叉牙 cha-yar, (1) v.i., to fork;
7. 叉牙 cha-yar, (2) adj., (branches) forking out (also wr.杈枒).

及 Num. Index: 32.82 jir .

V.t. (1) Come up to, reach, attain: 及冠 jir-guahn, 及笄 jir-ji, 及格 jir-ger, 及第 jir-dih, 及門 jir-mern, 及肩 jer-jian↓;
罪不及妻孥 a wife and children are not punished for crimes of the husband and father;
今恩足以及禽獸 (AC) now that even birds and animals can bask in your favor;
趕得及，來得及 be in time for;
力所難及 beyond one’s power or physical strength.
(2) Compare with: 及不上他 be no match for him.

Prep. In, on, to: 及時 in or on time;
由東及西 from east to west;
由近及遠 from the near to the distant;
由親及疏 from close relations to mere acquaintances.

Conj. (1) When: 及期 when the time comes;
及其長也 when he grew up to manhood;
及其覺也 when he woke up;
及至 when the point is reached.
(2) And: 孔子及其門徒 Confucius and his disciples.

Words 1. 及第 jir-dih, v.i., formerly, be successful in government examinations.
2. 及格 jir-ger, v.i., pass in an examination, to qualify: 不及格 disqualified.
3. 及冠 jir-guahn, v.i., (of men) formerly, come of age, usu. at 20.
4. 及笄 jir-ji, v.i., (of women) formerly, come of age, usu. at 15.
5. 乃肩 jir-jian, adj., come up to the shoulder.
6. 及門 jir-mern, adj., 及門弟子 pupils, disciples directly taught by master.
7. 及時 jir-shyr, adj. & adv., timely, in or on time: 及時努力 make timely efforts;
8. 及時 jir-shyr, adj. & adv., 及時採取行動 take timely action;
9. 及時 jir-shyr, adj. & adv., 及時趕上 be just in time for;
10. 及時 jir-shyr, adj. & adv., 及時到達 arrive in time.
11. 及早 jir-tzaau, adv., early, while there’s yet plenty of time.

發 Num. Index: 32.82 fa .

V.i. & t. (1) Send out, give out ,dispatch: oft. 發出去，下；發給某人 give out to person;
發電，發信，發出通告 send telegram, letter, send out general notice;
發號施令 give out orders;
發兵 send out troops;
發薪，發餉 pay out salary, army rations;
發矢 shoot arrow;
發誓，發言 fa-shyh¹, fa-yarn↓;
發愿 take religious pledge;
發聲，發光 give out sound, light;
發稿，發排 send out script to printer;
see 發遣，送，交，付，回，還，落 fa-chiaan, fa-suhng, fa-jiau, fa-fuh, fa-hueir, fa-huarn, fa-luoh↓;
分發，頒發 give out, distribute (handbills, prizes, pay).
(2) Open up, discover, expose: 發明，發覺，發現 fa-mirng, fa-jyuer, fa-shiahn↓;
發冢，發姦 open tomb, expose adultery;
發掘 fa-jyur, excavate↓;
開發 open up (industry, mines, new country, etc.).
(3) Start, put forth, grow ＋ n.: 發芽，發苗，發苞 put forth sprouts, shoots, buds;
發起，發生 fa-chii, fa-sheng↓;
發汗 perspire, also induce perspiration;
發疹子，紅點 have measles, a rash;
發痧 have attack of cholera, colic;
發瘧子 have attack of malaria;
發火，發怒，發脾氣 become angry;
發顫，發抖 tremble, shiver;
發財 fa-tsair↓.
(4) Develop, become, grow ＋ adj.: 發冷，發熱 fell chill, have fever;
發紅，白，黑，黃 grow red, white, black, yellow;
發亮 become bright, shiny;
發麻，發木 become numb;
發硬，乾，潮，霉 become hard, dry, damp, mildewed;
發癢，煩 become itchy irritable;
發懶 feel lazy;
發狂，瘋，憤 fa-kuarng, fa-feng, fa-fehn² and many compp.↓.

Words 1. 發呆 fa-air, adj., stunned, nonplussed.
2. 發報機 fa-bauh-ji, n., machine for sending out telegram.
3. 發表 fa-biaau, v.t., publish, give out to public (statement, opinion, new rules, results of contests).
4. 發標 fa-biau, n., (MC) take it out on s.o.
5. 發布 fa-buh, v.t., publish (laws, etc.).
6. 發遣 fa-chiaan, v.t., send away;
7. 發遣 fa-chiaan, v.t., send to exile;
8. 發遣 fa-chiaan, v.t., send (troops, etc.).
9. 發起 fa-chii, v.i. & t., to start (a new society, etc.);
10. 發起 fa-chii, v.i. & t., 發起人 fa-chii-rern, sponsor(s);
11. 發起 fa-chii, v.i. & t., cause to happen: 發起辯論 cause controversy;
12. 發起 fa-chii, v.i. & t., 甚麼時候發起 when did it start?
13. 發愁 fa-chour, v.i., be become sad, sullen, worried.
14. 發出 fa-chu, v.t., send out, produce, give rise to: 發出毛病 give rise to troubles;
15. 發出 fa-chu, v.t., 發出宣言 publish official statement (of position, program, policy);
16. 發出 fa-chu, v.t., 發出聲音 produce a sound;
17. 發出 fa-chu, v.t., send out (telegram, warning, mail, salary, etc.).
18. 發喘 fa-chuaan, v.i., pant, feel short of breath.
19. 發獃 fa-dai, v.i., be dazed.
20. 發達 fa-dar, v.i. & adj., prosper, (be) prosperous.
21. 發抖 fa-doou, v.i., shiver.
22. 發動 fa-duhng, v.i. & t., to start and push (movement, campaign, an engine), take the initiative;
23. 發動 fa-duhng, v.i. & t., 發動機 fa-duhng-ji, n., dynamo, electric motor.
24. 發發 fa-fa, adj., (AC, of wind) fast.
25. 發放 fa-fahng, v.t., send away (to the country, prisoners).
26. 發凡 fa-farn, n., introduction.
27. 發奮 fa-fehn¹, v.i., make firm resolve: 發奮圖強 resolve to make the country strong;
28. 發奮 fa-fehn¹, v.i., 發奮用功 resolve to study hard.
29. 發憤 fa-fehn², v.i., ditto.
30. 發瘋 fa-feng, v.i., grow crazy.
31. 發付 fa-fuh, v.t., pay out (sum, to person).
32. 發福 fa-fur, v.i., grow fat.
33. 發個兒 fa-geh-’l, v.i., grow bodily taller.
34. 發行 fa-harng, (1) v.i. & t. & n., sell wholesale;
35. 發行 fa-harng, v.i. & t. & n., such firm;
36. 發行 fa-shirng, (2) v.t., publish;
37. 發行 fa-shirng, v.t., 發行人 publisher.
38. 發狠 fa-heen, v.i. & adv., with angry determination;
39. 發狠 fa-heen, v.i. & adv., diligently, with force.
40. 發橫 fa-hehng, adj., become obstinate, violent.
41. 發話 fa-huah, v.i., (MC) speak angrily.
42. 發慌 fa-huang, v.i., to panic.
43. 發還 fa-huarn, v.i, send back.
44. 發皇 fa-huarng, v.i., grow or prosper beautifull.
45. 發揮 fa-huei, v.t., develop, expand on (idea, talent).
46. 發回 fa-hueir, v.t., send back.
47. 發昏 fa-hun, v.i., faint;
48. 發昏 fa-hun, v.i., grow dizzy;
49. 發昏 fa-hun, v.i., (derog.) go crazy.
50. 發火 fa-huoo, v.i., become angry.
51. 發展 fa-jaan, v.i. & t., develop, expand (business);
52. 發展 fa-jaan, v.i. & t., show, give expression (to natural talent).
53. 發顫 fa-jahn, v.i., tremble.
54. 發怔 fa-jehng, v.i., be stunned.
55. 發𤂌 fa-ji, v.i., make good, be a success.
56. 發見 fa-jiahn (fa-shiahn), v.t. & n., discover, find out;
57. 發見 fa-jiahn (fa-shiahn), v.t. & n., discovery;
58. 發交 fa-jiau, v.t., deliver (to person).
59. 發解 fa-jieh, v.i., (MC) receive M. A. degree (𡈼人).
60. 發急 fa-jir, v.i., get nervous, worried.
61. 發咒 fa-jouh, v.i., swear an oath;
62. 發咒 fa-jouh, v.i., swear.
63. 發莊 da-juang, v.i. & n., sell wholesale;
64. 發莊 da-juang, v.i. & n., wholesale merchant.
65. 發覺 da-jyuer, v.t., discover.
66. 發噱 fa-jyuh, v.i., laugh out loudly.
67. 發掘 fa-jyur, v.t. & n., excavate, -tion.
68. 發刊 fa-kan, v.t., publish;
69. 發刊 fa-kan, v.t., 發刊詞 fa-kan-tsyr, n., inaugural statement on first issue of perioudical.
70. 發客 fa-keh, v.i., sell to customers (goods).
71. 發狂 fa-kuarng, v.i., grow crazy, become mad.
72. 發楞 fa-lehng, v.i., be stunned.
73. 發落 fa-luoh, v.t., dispose of, dismiss with term of punishment.
74. 發賣 fa-maih, v.i., & t., put out for sale: 發賣房屋 sell house.
75. 發毛 fa-maur, v.i., be afraid (to sleep alone, etc.), be covered with goose flesh.
76. 發麵 fa-miahn, v.i. &n., to leaven dough;
77. 發麵 fa-miahn, v.i. &n., leavened dough.
78. 發明 fa-mirng, v.i. & t., invent;
79. 發明 fa-mirng, v.i. & t., invention: 發明家 inventor.
80. 發難 fa-nahn, v.i., be the first to start revolt.
81. 發怒 fa-nuh, v.i., become angry.
82. 發票 fa-piauh, n., invoice.
83. 發熱 fa-reh, v.i., run a fever;
84. 發熱 fa-reh, v.i., feel hot.
85. 發軔 fa-rehn, v.i., start on journey.
86. 發散 fa-sahn (fa-san), v.i., to diffuse (of gas);
87. 發散 fa-sahn (fa-san), v.i., (Chin. med.) to let out perspiration, otherwise loosen up bodily humors.
88. 發喪 fa-sang, v.i., send out obituary, cf. 出殯^ 31S.80.
89. 發燒 fa-shau, v.i., run a fever.
90. 發射 fa-sheh, v.i. & n., shoot (arrow, bullet, missile);
91. 發射 fa-sheh, v.i. & n., 洲際發射機 international ballistic missile.
92. 發身 fa-shen, v.i., reach puberty.
93. 發生 fa-sheng, v.i. & t., (1) arise, cause to happen: 發生事件，問題 cause events, problems to airse;
94. 發生 fa-sheng, v.i. & t., 事件，問題發生 events, problems arise;
95. 發生 fa-sheng, v.i. & t., 發生誤會，爭執 cause misunderstanding, dispute (also difficulties, suspicion, obstruction, doubt, etc.);
96. 發生 fa-sheng, v.i. & t., (2) pr. fah-’sheng, (Peking coll.) prosper.
97. 發下 fa-shiah, v.t., send down (order, instructions, etc.).
98. 發現 fa-shiahn, v.t. & n., discover, -ry (new facts, comet, etc.);
99. 發現 fa-shiahn, v.t. & n., to appear, arise: 不會發現 will not find, appear;
100. 發現 fa-shiahn, v.t. & n., also wr. 發見 pr. fa-shiahn.
101. 發祥 fa-shiarng, v.i., prosper;
102. 發祥 fa-shiarng, v.i., 發祥地 place of origin of a new dynasty or of wealth.
103. 發酵 fa-shiauh¹, v.i., (of dough) ferment, leaven.
104. 發笑 fa-shiauh², v.i., to laugh out.
105. 發洩 (泄) fa-shieh, v.t. & i., blow off steam, anger;
106. 發洩 (泄) fa-shieh, v.t. & i., dissipate.
107. 發行 fa-shirng, v.i., see fa-harng, (2) ↑.
108. 發售 fa-shouh, v.i., be for sale;
109. 發售 fa-shouh, v.i., sell.
110. 發誓 fa-shyh¹, v.i., take an oath;
111. 發誓 fa-shyh¹, v.i., swear.
112. 發市 fa-shyh², v.i., open for customers.
113. 發送 fa-’suhng (fa-’sung), v.i., (1) to send out (invitations, etc.);
114. 發送 fa-’suhng (fa-’sung), v.i., (2) transport body to grave in procession, see 出殯^ 31S.80.
115. 發條 fa-tiaur, n., spring in clockwork.
116. 發財 fa-tsair, v.i., get rich.
117. 發燥 fa-tzauh, v.i., become nervous, irritable.
118. 發作 fa-tzuoh, v.i., have an attack of anger, disease.
119. 發往 fa-waang, v.t., send to.
120. 發問 fa-wehn, v.i., ask question, to question.
121. 發芽 fa-yar, v.i., sprout.
122. 發言 fa-yarn, v.i., to state opinion in assembly;
123. 發言 fa-yarn, v.i., 發言人 spokesman.
124. 發揚 fa-yarng, v.i., develop, expand (truth, tradition): 發揚光大 bring to greater height of development.
125. 發瘧子 fa-yauh-tz, v.i., (vern.) have attack of malaria.
126. 發引 fa-yiin, v.i., make funeral procession with coffin leading.
127. 發音 fa-yin, v.i. & n., pronounce, pronunciation.

疋 Num. Index: 32.83 pii .

N. adjunct. 一疋布 a length, or factory roll of clothing material (also wr. 匹).

Words 1. 疋頭 pii-’tou, n., piece goods.

迅 Num. Index: 32.83 shyuhn .

Adj. & adv. Fast: 迅走 walk fast;
迅即啟程 start immediately;
迅流 a fast current;
迅雷不及掩耳 (of actions) lightning flash, blitz, before precautions can be taken (lit., “thunderclap gives no time for covering ears”.

Words 1. 迅捷 shyuhn-jier, adj. & adv., fast (mila, traffic, etc.).
2. 迅疾 shyuhn-jir, adj. & adv., ditto.
3. 迅速 shyuhn-suh, adj. & adv., ditto.

通 Num. Index: 32.83 tung .

N. adjunct. 一通信 one piece of correspondence;
一通文書 an official document, communication;
打一通鼓 one stretch of drumbeating.

V.i. & t. (1) To communicate, connect with, transmit: (互) 通消息 communicate news;
通信，通報，通知 tung-shihn, tung-bauh, tung-jy↓;
通電話 talk by telephone;
通風報信 send news, esp. secretly;
(of roads, etc.) leat toward;
四通八達 (open square) leads in all directions;
錢能通神 money talks (“even to spirits”);
通情 send messages of love;
通情達理 show common sense, be reasonable;
暗通款曲 send secret message, usu. of love;
通敵 secretly communicate with enemy;
通關節 bribe people in power;
通竅^ see 62A.82.
(2) Have intercourse with: 通商，通好 tung-shang, tung-haau↓;
have sexual intercourse: (AC) 通, (mod.). 私通;
和某人私通 have illicit relations with a certain person.
(3) To understand thoroughly, to master (the classics): 博古通今 to master ancient and modern learning;
萬事通 a master of everything;
中國通 an old China hand, a China expert;
精通國語 master the national language;
無師自通 self-taught, learned without teacher;
通權達變 adaptable to changing circumstances, not bound by old rules;
通宵，通達 tung-shiau, tung-dar↓.
(4) Join, share: 通財 share wealth or possessions (between friends);
通家，通譜 tung-jia, tung-puu↓.

Adj. (1) As vb. complement, through: 打通了電話 put (telephone) line through;
說通了 have come to an understanding with s.o., have persuaded or informed (person) duly;
講不通 (of argument) unconvincing, unreasonable, stretched, also could not get (person) to understand or agree;
交通 communicate, -ions;
變通 change method to suit circumstances;
溝通 connect up and exchange (cultures);
疏通 privately speak to (influential people);
打通 break up barriers;
串通，勾通 bribe, conspire with.
(2) Bribe, conspire with.
(3) Thoroughly conversant with subject, competent in writing: 書念通了 be really well educate;
不通 (of person, or his writings) ill educated, half baked;
通順 good, clear writing;
通暢 tung-chahng↓.
(4) General, all, entire: 通國 the whole country;
通身酸痛 the whole body aches;
通夜, 通宿 (兒) all night;
通霄 see tung-shiau↓;
通盤 tung-parn↓;
通力合作 phr., everybody pitching in for common work.
(5) Common, general: 普通 general, -ly;
通常 tung-charng↓;
通病 tung-bihng↓;
通俗，通例，通論 tung-shur, tung-lih, tung-luhn↓.

Adv. All: see 通通，通統，通共 tung-tung, tung-tuung, tung-guhng↓.

Words 1. 通寶 tung-baau, n., anc. Chin. coin.
2. 通報 tuung-bauh, n., news despatch, intelligence report, a circular notice.
3. 通便劑 tung-biahn-ji, n., laxative.
4. 通病 tung-bihng, n., common failing.
5. 通暢 tung-chahng, adj., (writing) pleasantly expressive.
6. 通常 tung-charng, adj. & adv., usual, -ly, ordinary, -ily.
7. 通車 tung-che, (1) n., throungh express (train);
8. 通車 tung-che, (2) v.i., be open to traffic.
9. 通徹 tung-cheh, adj., thorough (statement).
10. 通稱 tung-cheng, n., general or common name for things.
11. 通緝 tung-chih¹, v.t., wanted by police;
12. 通緝 tung-chih¹, v.t., 通緝令 general public notice for the arrest of a criminal at large.
13. 通氣 (兒) tung-chih²(’l), adj. & v.i., (1) in touch with each other;
14. 通氣 (兒) tung-chih²(’l), adj. & v.i., (2) ventilate, -ed.
15. 通衢 tung-chyur, n., main thoroughfare.
16. 通達 tung-dar, adj., well versed, experienced and understanding: 通達事理 understand things.
17. 通道 tung-dauh, n., a through street;
18. 通道 tung-dauh, n., thoroughfare.
19. 通典 tung-diaan, n., see tung-kaau↓.
20. 通電 tung-diahn, v.i. & n., make electric connection;
21. 通電 tung-diahn, v.i. & n., (send) public statement (in the press) in the form of a cabled message.
22. 通牒 tung-dier, n., diplomatic note;
23. 通牒 tung-dier, n., 最後通牒 ultimatum.
24. 通都 tung-du, n., a great metropolis: 通都大邑 metropolitan cities.
25. 通粉 tung-feen, n., unrefined flour.
26. 通分 tung-fen, n., reduction of fractions to a common denominator.
27. 通風 tung-feng, (1) adj., well ventilated, let air get through;
28. 通風 tung-feng, (2) v.i., send secret message: 通風報信.
29. 通告 tung-gauh, v.t. & n., (give) public notice.
30. 通關 tung-guan, v.i. & n., (1) 通關節 bribe those in power;
31. 通關 tung-guan, v.i. & n., (2) (Chin. med.) open up blocked circulation;
32. 通關 tung-guan, v.i. & n., (3) (coll.) person with high nose bridge;
33. 通關 tung-guan, v.i. & n., (4) palmistry) long, extended horizontal lines on palm.
34. 通共 tung-guhng, adv., altogether: 通共四十六人 altogether 46 persons.
35. 通過 tung-guoh, (1) v.t., pass through;
36. 通過 tung-guoh, (2) pass (a resolution);
37. 通過 tung-guoh, (3) adv., by way of, via: 通過雙方同意 after agreement by both parties.
38. 通古斯族 Tung-guu-sy-Tzur, n., Tungus, race in east Siberia.
39. 通好 tung-haau, v.i., establish friendly relations as between nations, tribes.
40. 通㶅銀行 tung-hueih-yirn-harng, n., corrspondent bank.
41. 通貨 tung-huoh, phr., country’s currency: 通貨膨脹 inflation;
42. 通貨 tung-huoh, phr., 通貨收縮 deflation.
43. 通紅 tung-hurng (also pr. tuhng-hurng), adj., 滿面通紅 phr., flush red all over.
44. 通家 tung-jia, n., family related, or friends for generations.
45. 通假 tung-jiaa, n., (of Chin. characters) interchangeable with other characters.
46. 通姦 tung-jian, n. & v.i., (commit) adultery.
47. 通經兒 tung-jing-’l, v.i., know the classics.
48. 通知 tung-jy, v.t. & n., notify, -fication;
49. 通知 tung-jy, v.t. & n., 接到通知 receive notice;
50. 通知 tung-jy, v.t. & n., 通知書 a formal notification.
51. 通考 tung-kaau, n., a comprehensive historical compendium of social, economic, and political institutions.
52. 通款 tung-kuaan, v.i., make approaches to enemy for terms of settlement.
53. 通例 tung-lih, n., generally accepted rules.
54. 通令 tung-lihng, v.t. & n., general order to whole country: 通令全國.
55. 通禮 tung-lii, n., commonly accepted practice or ritual.
56. 通靈 tung-lirng, adj., (of objects) supernatural, having magical power.
57. 通論 tung-luhn, n., (1) general introduction (to subject);
58. 通論 tung-luhn, n., (2) convincing arguments;
59. 通論 tung-luhn, n., (3) theory of general application.
60. 通眉 tung-meir, adj., having joined eyebrows.
61. 通名 tung-mirng, v.i., exchange name cards or announce one’s name.
62. 通謀 tung-mour, v.i., conspire (with person).
63. 通盤 tung-parn, adv., as a whole: 通盤計劃，籌算 to plan, calculate expenses as a whole.
64. 通票 tung-piauh, n., through ticket.
65. 通品 tung-piin, n., see tung-rern↓.
66. 通譜 tung-puu, adj., be sworn brothers;
67. 通譜 tung-puu, adj., regarded as same clan.
68. 通人 tung-rern, n., (high praise) profound scholar.
69. 通融 tung-rurng, v.i., relax or circumvent regulations to accommodate;
70. 通融 tung-rurng, v.i., accommodation;
71. 通融 tung-rurng, v.i., to allow temporary credit: 通融一下 to ask person to make an accommodation.
72. 通儒 tung-rur, n., profound Confucian scholar.
73. 通日 tung-ryh, adv., all day.
74. 通塞 tung-seh, phr., (of circumstances) smooth-going or otherwise.
75. 通商 tung-shang, v.i., open to international trad and comerce;
76. 通商 tung-shang, v.i., 通商條約 commercial treaty;
77. 通商 tung-shang, v.i., 通商口岸 treaty ports.
78. 通曉 tung-shiaau, v.i., understand thoroughly.
79. 通宵 tung-shiau, adv., all night: 跳 (舞) 通宵 dance all night;
80. 通宵 tung-shiau, adv., 通宵達旦 all night till dawn.
81. 通信 tung-shihn, v.i. & n., correspond by letter, (keep up) correspondence;
82. 通信 tung-shihn, v.i. & n., 通信處 mailing address.
83. 通性 tung-shihng, n., (1) character shared by all mankind;
84. 通性 tung-shihng, n., (2) (grammar) common gender.
85. 通心 tung-shin, adj., hollow in center;
86. 通心 tung-shin, adj., 通心粉 macaroni.
87. 通宿 (兒) tung-shioou(’l), adv., all night.
88. 通行 tung-shirng, adj. & v.i., current (language, customs);
89. 通行 tung-shirng, adj. & v.i., go through, open to traffic: 可以通行，通行無阻 open thoroughfare, accessible to public;
90. 通行 tung-shirng, adj. & v.i., 通行證 pass for entering area.
91. 通書 tung-shu, n., (1) formerly, farmer’s almanac;
92. 通書 tung-shu, n., (2) formerly, notice by groom’s family to bride’s on date set for wedding.
93. 通順 tung-shuhn, adj., (of writing) simple, clear, idiomatic.
94. 通事 tung-shy, n., formerly, translator or interpreter in government office.
95. 通學 tung-shyuer, v.i., study in day school: 通學生 day student.
96. 通訊 tung-shyuhn, n., news despatch;
97. 通訊 tung-shyuhn, n., 通迅社 new agency.
98. 通史 tung-shyy, n., general history.
99. 通俗 tung-sur, adj., popular, current (usage);
100. 通俗 tung-sur, adj., (writing) for mass consumption;
101. 通俗 tung-sur, adj., 通俗文體 popular style;
102. 通俗 tung-sur, adj., 通俗文學 popular literature.
103. 通套 tung-tauh, n., hackneyed formula.
104. 通天 tung-tian, adj., all-powerful, “sky-reaching,” i.e., very great: 通天的本事 very special skill or ability.
105. 通體 tung-tii, adv., the entire body, the whole.
106. 通透 tung-touh, adj., penetrating (insight, etc.).
107. 通草 tung-tsaau, n., the five-leaf akibia, Akebia quinata.
108. 通才 tung-tsair, n., gifted person;
109. 通才 tung-tsair, n., one who has received a liberal education: 通才教育 liberal education.
110. 通通 tung-tung, adv., all, altogether, entirely: 通通丟了 entirely lost;
111. 通通 tung-tung, adv., 通通走開 get away, all of you!
112. 通脫 tung-tuo, adj., unconventional, romantic: 通脫自喜，通脫之才 person who is not too concerned about social approval;
113. 通脫 tung-tuo, adj., 通脫木 (bot.) the rice-paper plant, Aralia papyrifera.
114. 通同 tung-turng, adv., together (work, share): esp. 通同作弊 work together in illegal transactions.
115. 通統 tung-tuung, adv., all, entirely: 通統拿走 take away all of it (also 通通).
116. 通則 tung-tzer, n., common regulations, general rules.
117. 通問 tung-wehn, v.i. & n., exchange news, keep up correspondence.
118. 通夜 tung-yeh, adv., all night.
119. 通義 tung-yih¹, n., the general acceptance of the term.
120. 通譯 tung-yih², v.i. & n., (now rare) translate, -tor, interpret, -ter.
121. 通姻 (婚) tung-yin (tung-hun), v.i., be related by marriage.
122. 通韻 tung-yuhn, n., (of rhymebooks) anc. rhyme categories which are now interchangeable.
123. 通用 tung-yuhng, adj., current (terms, paper money, etc.).

遜 Num. Index: 32.83 shyuhn (also suhn ).

V.i. & t. (1) To give way, give up: 遜位，遜國 shyuhn-weih, shyuhn-guor↓.
(2) To lose by comparison: 遜色 shyuhn-seh↓;
彼遜於此 (LL) that is inferior to this.

Adj. Humble, modest: 謙遜 ditto.

Adv. Modestly: 遜謝 modestly decline;
遜順 modestly obey.

Words 1. 遜遁 shyuhn-duhn, v.i., (1) (LL) to draw back out of modesty;
2. 遜遁 shyuhn-duhn, v.i., (2) to get out of the picture, disappear.
3. 遜國 shyuhn-guor, v.i., abdicate the throne.
4. 遜色 shyuhn-seh, v.i., to lose in comparison, compare unfavorably.
5. 遜遜 shyuhn-shyuhn, adj., modest, retiring in manner (cf. 恂恂).
6. 遜位 shyuhn-weih, v.i., to abdicate in favor of son or conqueror.

婺 Num. Index: 32.93 wuh .

Adj. (AC) beautiful.

蚤 Num. Index: 32.93 tzaau .

N. The flea: 跳蚤.

Adj. & adv. (Interch. 早) early: 蚤起 get up early in the morning.

蛋 Num. Index: 32.93 dahn .

N. (1) Egg: 雞蛋，鴨蛋 hen’s eggs, duck eggs;
蛋殼 eggshell.
(2) Word of abuse: 混蛋，壞蛋 bad egg;
杄蛋，笨蛋 idiot, imbecile.

Words 1. 蛋白 dahn-bair, n., egg white;
2. 蛋白 dahn-bair, n., 蛋白質 dahn-bair-jy, n., albumin;
3. 蛋白 dahn-bair, n., 蛋白石 dahn-bair-shyr, n., opal.
4. 蛋黃 dahn-huarng, n., yolk.
5. 蛋戶 dahn-huh, 蛋家 dahn-jia, n., boat population in southern China.

蝥 Num. Index: 32.93 maur .

N. (1) Var. of 蟊 32.93.
(2) 斑蝥 name of a beetle, Cicindela chinensis, which destroys grain-eating insects.

蟊 Num. Index: 32.93 maur .

N. A grain-destroying insect.

Words 1. 蟊賊 maru-tzer, n., destroying agent: 國家，社會之蟊賊 vermin of a country, of society.

蝨 Num. Index: 32.93 shy . [Var. 虱]

N. (shy-tz) A bug, bedbug, louse: 蝨處褌中 a bedbug in trousers—sarcasm against Confucian doctrinaires who follow a “straight path” as bugs follow trousers’ seams.

Words 1. 蝨蠅 shy-yirng, n., a gadfly.

阿 Num. Index: 32A.00-3 e (*a , *aa , *ah ).

Fin. part. See 啊 40A.00.

N. (1) (AC) Hillock.
(2) (AC) Swamp, recess corner.
(3) A surname.
(4) (*ah) Used in translit. of foreign names: as 阿剌伯 Arabia, 阿根廷 Argentina, etc., (see Appendix E, geographical Names);
in translit. of Buddhist terms, 阿 represents Sanskr. “a” sound, although commonly read in Peking as e (Wade: eh), as 阿彌陀佛，阿難 Amita, Ananda.

Pron. (*ah) (Also in varying accents) prefix to familiar address (to father, mother, sister, etc.) in gen., a mother oft. employs term of address used by her child, as addressing husband’s father as 阿翁 grandfather (from point of view of family), see compp.↓.

V.t. (1) To flatter, gain favor, side with: 阿諂，阿謏，阿私，阿附 e-chaan, e-yur, e-sy, e-fuh↓.
(2) U.f. 屙 52A.00, in 阿尿 to urinate.

Excl. (1) (*ah) U.f. 啊 40A.00.
(2) (*aa) Excl. of unpleasant surprise: 阿，他死了嗎 oh, is he dead?

Words 1. 阿阿 *a-a, adj., as in 阿阿大笑 laugh out loud, guffaw, “aha!”
2. 阿保 a-baau, (1) v.t., (AC) to nurse (a child);
3. 阿保 a-baau, (2) n., (AC) a nurse.
4. 阿鼻 *a-bir, n., (Budd.) the hell of uninterrupted torture, last and deepest of eight hot hells (from Sanskr. avici).
5. 阿伯 *ah-bor, n., uncle (familiar address and self-reference).
6. 阿諂 e-chaan, v.t., (LL) to flatter.
7. 阿黨 e-daang, v.i., (AC) to be partial.
8. 阿爹 *ah-die, n., daddy (familiar address and self-reference).
9. 阿弟 *ah-dih, n., younger brother (familiar address).
10. 阿堵物 *ah-duu-wuh, n., (1) (anc. coll., contempt.) that thing;
11. 阿堵物 *ah-duu-wuh, n., (2) (LL allu.) money.
12. 阿父 *ah-fuh, n., (anc. coll.) father, also (AC) uncle (＝伯父,叔父).
13. 阿附 e-fuh, v.t., to attach oneself to (some authority): 阿附權貴 to curry favor with those in power.
14. 阿芙蓉 e-fur-rurng, n., (LL) opium.
15. 阿哥 *ah-ge, n., (1) elder brother (familiar address and self-reference);
16. 阿哥 *ah-ge, n., (2) Manchu word for crown prince: 大阿哥.
17. 阿閣 e-ger, n., (AC) a pavilion surrounded with courtyards.
18. 阿姑 *ah-gu¹, n., (1) auntie;
19. 阿姑 *ah-gu¹, n., (2) (AC, MC) husband’s mother.
20. 阿家 *ah-gu², n., (MC) see ah-gu¹↑;
21. 阿家 *ah-gu², n., 阿家翁 husband’s parents;
22. 阿家 *ah-gu², n., 阿家阿翁 husband’s father and mother: 不癡不聾，不作阿家 (阿) 翁 unless one pretends to know nothing and hear nothing, don’t be a father-in-law or mother-in-law.
23. 阿公 *ah-gung, n., (1) husband’s father;
24. 阿公 *ah-gung, n., (2) grandfather;
25. 阿公 *ah-gung, n., (3) gen. address of an elderly person, see ah-wehng↓.
26. 阿嗄 *a-har, excl., aha! I see! You don’t say! (exc. of surprise).
27. 阿好 e-hauh, v.i., to curry favor, to assent to one party: 阿好之言 statement to please one side.
28. 阿訇 *ah-jiahn, n., Moslem mullah.
29. 阿監 *ah-jiahn, n., (MC) eunuch officer.
30. 阿膠 e-jiau, n., glue made from cowhide, produced in 阿縣 (E county) in Shantung.
31. 阿姐 *ah-jiee, n., elder sister (familiiar address and self-reference).
32. 阿舅 *ah-jiouh, n., mother’s brother.
33. 阿拉 *Ah-la, (1) n., (Mohammedan) Allah;
34. 阿拉 *a-la, (2) (Ningpo dial., self-reference) me, I.
35. 阿拉伯 Ah-la-bor, n., Arabia;
36. 阿拉伯 Ah-la-bor, n., 阿拉伯數字 Arabic numerals: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0;
37. 阿拉伯 Ah-la-bor, n., 阿拉伯文 Arabic language.
38. 阿蘭若 e-larn-ree, n., a Buddhist retreat, quiet abode (from Sanskr. aranya).
39. 阿羅漢 e-lour-hahn, n., ar-han, ar-hat or lo-han (羅漢) (from Sanskr. ar-hat).
40. 阿媽 *ah-ma, n., (1) mamma;
41. 阿媽 *ah-ma, n., (2) (MC) also grandma.
42. 阿嘛 *ah-’ma, n., (Manchu) papa.
43. 阿妹 *ah-meih, n., little sister.
44. 阿門 *ah-men, n., (Christian) amen.
45. 阿米巴 *ah-mir-ba, n., amoeba.
46. 阿彌陀佛 e-mir-tour-’fo, n., Amitabha, Buddha of boundless light, or eternal life (from Sanskr. amitabha);
47. 阿彌陀佛 e-mir-tour-’fo, n., 南無阿彌陀佛 Namo — Blessed be, glory to Amitabha!
48. 阿摩尼亞 *ah-mor-nir-yah, n., (chem.) ammonia.
49. 阿木林 *ah-muh-lirn, n., (Shang-hai, contempt.) a nitwit, dullard.
50. 阿母 *ah-muu, n., (1) mamma;
51. 阿母 *ah-muu, n., (2) (AC) also wet nurse.
52. 阿嬭（奶） *ah-naai, n., (term of respect for elderly woman) mother, grandmother or wet nurse.
53. 阿難 E-narn, n, (Budd.) Ananda, the most learned disciple of Buddha.
54. 阿娘 *ah-niarn, n., mother, much used in MC literature.
55. 阿尼林 *ah-nir-lirn, n., aniline dye.
56. 阿奴 *ah-nur, n., (MC) term of endearment for little child or younger brother, like “little rascal” (lit. “little slave”).
57. 阿儂 *ah-nurng, n., (Shang-hai) I, myself.
58. 阿旁 e-parng, n., (Budd.) ox-head torturers in Hades.
59. 阿片 *ah-piahn, n., opium (usu. wr. 鴉片).
60. 阿婆 *ah-por, n., term of respect for elderly woman.
61. 阿闍梨 e-sher-lir, n., spiritual teacher, master, perceptor (from Snaskr. acarya).
62. 阿香 *Ah-shiang, n., (myth.) girl driver of the chariot of God of Thunder: 阿香車 such chariot.
63. 阿咸 ah-shiarn, n., (LL) nephew (allu. to 阮咸, nephew of 阮藉).
64. 阿修羅 e-shiou-luor, n., (Budd.) a frightful demon (from Sanskr. asura).
65. 阿誰 *ah-shueir, pron., (LL & modn.) who: 阿誰之過 whose fault is it?
66. 阿叔 *ah-shur, n., uncle (familiar address and self-reference).
67. 阿兄 *ah-shyung, n., elder brother (familiar address and self-reference).
68. 阿私 e-sy, v.i., to be partial to one’s own.
69. 阿司匹靈 *ah-sy-pi-lirn, n., (translit.) aspirin.
70. 阿嚏 *a-tih, n., (sound of) sneeze: 打阿嚏 to sneeze.
71. 阿姊 *ah-tzyy, n., elder sister (familiar address and self-reference), (also pr. ah-jiee, and wr. 阿姐).
72. 阿魏 e-weih, n., (bot.) Ferula scorodosma.
73. 阿翁 *ah-weng, n., see ah-gung↑.
74. 阿物兒 *ah-wuh-’l, n., (familiar, facet.) “this thing,”meaning a person.
75. 阿呀 *a-ya, excl., oh! oh! (cry of pain or surprise).
76. 阿耶 (爺) *ah-yer, n., (AC, coll.) papa, also grandpa.
77. 阿姨 *ah-yir, n., (familiar address or self-refeernce) mother’s sister, wife’s sister, auntie or nursemaid.
78. 阿喲 *a-yo, oh! oh! —a groan.
79. 阿謏 e-yur v.i., to flatter, toady.

隃 Num. Index: 32A.00-8 yur . [Var. of 踰 40B.00]

附 Num. Index: 32A.00-9 fuh .

V.i. & t. (1) Adhere to, attach to;
oft. as adj. attached, appended: 附幵身上 attached to body;
附勢，依附權貴 rely on the rich and powerful;
趨炎附勢 be follwer of the rich and powerful;
魂不附體 frightened out of one’s wits;
鬼附在身 be possessed of the divil;
see 附屬，附隸，附庸 fuh-shuu, fuh-lih², fuh-yurng↓.
(2) Enclose, -ed, send enclosed: 附上 enclosing herewith;
附鈔，附呈，附錄 send as enclosure.

Adj. (1) Supplementary: 附件，附張 supplement;
附卷，附篇 supplementary volume, chapter;
附筆 additional note;
附筆致意 s.o. sends regards;
附錄，附則 fuh-luh, fuh-tzeh↓.
(2) Adjacent, near to: see 附近，附鄰 fuh-jihn, fuh-lirn↓;
附耳而言 whisper to one’s ear.

Words 1. 附帶 fuh-daih, adj., supplementary: 附帶聲明，條件 supplementary note, conditions attached;
2. 附帶 fuh-daih, adj., 附帶問題 incidental problem.
3. 附地菜 fuh-dih-tssaih, n., (bot.) wolfsbane, Trigonotis peduncularis.
4. 附和 fuh-her, v.i., follow another’s lead in voicing opinion: 隨聲附和.
5. 附會 fuh-hueih, n. & v.i., see connection where none exists, false assumption without true basis: 附會穿鑿 make far-fetched, unwarranted conclusions.
6. 附張 fuh-jang, n., attached paper or sheet.
7. 附加 fuh-jia, v.t. & adj., additional, supplementary (tax, fee): 附加刑 additional sentence on another count.
8. 附件 fuh-jiahn, n., enclosure(s).
9. 附驥 (尾) fuh-jih (weei), v.i. (court. & LL) have the honor to follow your lead.
10. 附近 fuh-jihn, n., neighborhood.
11. 附藉 fuh-jir, n., taking clan name by adoption.
12. 附著力 fuh-juor-lih, n., (phys.) adhesive strength.
13. 附賴 fuh-laih, v.t., lean on (person).
14. 附麗 fuh-lih¹, v.i., be attached to (object), belong to (category).
15. 附隸 fuh-lih², v.t., to attach, belong to s.t. bigger, as stars in space.
16. 附鄰 fuh-lirn, n., close neighbor.
17. 附錄 fuh-luh, n., appendix.
18. 附順 fuh-shuhn, v.i., obey, submit to greater force.
19. 附屬 fuh-shuu, v.i., as in 附屬於 belong to (category);
20. 附屬 fuh-shuu, v.i., owe allegiance to;
21. 附屬 fuh-shuu, v.i., 附屬品 accessories;
22. 附屬 fuh-shuu, v.i., 附屬權利 additional, incidental rights.
23. 附則 fuh-tzeh, n., bylaws.
24. 附益 fuh-yih¹, v.i., add, increase.
25. 附議 fuh-yih², v.i., to second motion.
26. 附庸 fuh-yurng, n., political satellite, small state attached by big neighbor.

陳 Num. Index: 32A.01 chern .

N. (1) Name of anc. city-state.
(2) Name of a dynasty (557-588 A.D).
(3) U.f. 陣 32A.10 (*jehn).
(4) A surname.

V.t. (1) To lay out (for exhibit, etc.): 陳列，陳設 chern-lieh, chern-sheh↓;
陳兵 line up soldiers in battle array, review troops;
陳屍 (of corpse) to lie exposed in the open;
陳詩 (AC) show collection of poems.
(2) To narrate and explain (plan, purpose, innermost feelings, etc.): 陳說，陳述 chern-shuo, chern-shuh↓.
(3) To plead, make a plea, request: 陳訴，陳情，陳詞 chern-suh, chern-chirng, chern-tsyr↓.

Adj. Old: 陳舊，陳腐 chern-jiouh, fuu↓;
陳𤂌 chern-ji↓;
陳病兒 old sickness;
陳人 old staff, servants;
陳陳相因 keep on doing the same thing over and over again;
陳腔爛調 chich�.

Words 1. 陳啟 chern-chii, v.i., to write (a letter), to explain or report.
2. 陳請 chern-chiing, v.i. & t., to request.
3. 陳情 chern-chirng, v.i., to plea, explain (reason of request, esp. of resignation).
4. 陳椽 chern-chuarn, v.i., (AC) to go about with a group (＝modn. 夤緣).
5. 陳腐 chern-fuu, adj., antiquated, stale, outworn (views, opinions).
6. 陳張 chern-jang, v.i., (AC) to lay out (for show).
7. 陳𤂌 chern-ji, n., old traces, path that has been trodden before;
8. 陳𤂌 chern-ji, n., historic sites.
9. 陳久 chern-jioou, adj., old, timeworn.
10. 陳舊 chern-jiouh, adj., very old (clothing).
11. 陳鍊 chern-’lian, v.i., train, be trained, practised (in art).
12. 陳列 chern-lieh, v.t., to arrange;
13. 陳列 chern-lieh, v.t., to exhibit;
14. 陳列 chern-lieh, v.t., 陳列室 exhibit room (for curios, samples, etc.).
15. 陳年 chern-niarn, adj., (wine, etc. of many years’ standing.
16. 陳皮 chern-pir, n., dried orange peel, used in Chin. med.;
17. 陳皮 chern-pir, n., 陳皮梅 preserved dry plums.
18. 陳紹 chern-shauh, n., vintage Shauhshing (紹興) wine.
19. 陳設 chern-sheh, (1) V.i. & t., to exhibit;
20. 陳設 chern-sheh, (2) (chern-’she) n., things on exhibit.
21. 陳述 chern-shuh, v.i. & t., to explain (as in letter), to recount (past events, conditions).
22. 陳說 chern-shuo, v.i. & t., to explain (purpose, situation) to superior.
23. 陳事 (兒) chern-shyh (chern-sheh-’l), n., past affairs.
24. 陳訴 chern-suh, n. & v.i., make a plea;
25. 陳訴 chern-suh, n. & v.i., to plead.
26. 陳詞 chern-tsyr, v.i. & t., see chern-shuo↑.
27. 陳言 chern-yarn, n., outworn phrases.
28. 陳已 chern-yii, adv., (coll.) formerly: 他陳已在這兒住過 he lived here once.

□ Num. Index: 32A.01-2 shih . [Pop. 隙]

N. (1) A fissure, a crack (in wall, etc.).
(2) A period for rest: 農□ farmers’ free season when not busy with the farms.
(3) A quarrel, dispute: 與人有□ has a quarrel with s.o.;
尋□ look for a chance to fight (s.o.);
□嫌 an old grudge.
(4) An opening or pretext for attack: 乘□ take advantage of an opening or lax moment;
有□可乘 a flaw or chance for attack.

Adj. (1) Vacant: □地 shih-dih↓.
(2) (AC) neighboring (land).

Words 1. □地 shih-dih, n., vacant space.
2. □罅 shih-shiah, n., a crack, fissure.

除 Num. Index: 32A.01-8 chur .

N. (1) (LL) steps leading to palace, temple: 階除 ditto;
庭除 steps of the court.
(2) (Math.) divison: 除法，除數 chur-faa, chur-shuh↓.
(3) End: 歲除 the year-end.

V.t. (1) To exterminate, remove, destroy: 除蟲 exterminate insects;
除害 destroy the evils;
除暴安良 drive out the rascals and protect the people;
除去 chur-chyuh↓;
免除 to prevent;
解除 to remove (restrictions, obstacles);
消除，化除 dissolve (differences of opinion);
減除 to diminish;
廢除，破除 to abolish.
(2) To dismiss: 開除 to dismiss (from school), expel (from party, etc.);
被除 be expelled: 除名，除籍 chur-mirng, chur-jir↓.
(3) To invest in office: 除授，除拜 chur-shouh, chur-baih↓;
除某官 be appointed to certain office.
(4) (Math.) to divide: 以甲除乙 divide B by A;
see 除法 chur-faa↓.

Conj. Unless: 除非 chur-fei↓;
(in MC and poetry) 除 u.f. 除非 unless, except: 除 (＝除非) 你心似鐵 unless your heart is made of iron—without pity;
除是＝除非是 unless, see 除外 chur-waih↓.

Prep. 除了 besides: 除了這件還有別的緣故 there are other reasons besides this;
除…以外 besides this;
(in official documents) 除 (insert a long clause) 外 besides (having already reported to authority concerned, etc.) I now communicate, etc.

Words 1. 除拜 chur-baih, v.t., to invest (person) as official: 除拜郎中，太子太傅 appoint as minister, as imperial tutor to crown prince, etc.
2. 除臭劑 chur-chouh-jih, n., deodorants.
3. 除蟲菊 chur-churng-jyur, n., (bot.) a varitey of chrysanthemum used for insecticide, Chrysantthemuu roseum or cinerar鼗olium.
4. 除卻 chur-chyueh, (1) conj., unless, except;
5. 除卻 chur-chyueh, (2) v.t., to remove (cause of trouble, etc.).
6. 除去 chur-chyuh, v.t., to remove (obstacles), extirpate, weed out (cause).
7. 除掉 chur-diauh, v.t., to remove (prejudices, obstacles, etc.).
8. 除法 chur-faa, n., (math.) division, see chur-shuh↓.
9. 除非 chur-fei, conj., unless, except: 除非…不行 it will not do unless;
10. 除非 chur-fei, conj., 除非…方可 or 才可 only when … then it may.
11. 除服 chur-fur, v.i., cease mourning when period is over.
12. 除根 chur-gen, v.t., as in 斬草除根 to uproot (evil).
13. 除官 chur-guan, v.i., to be appointed official.
14. 除號 chur-hauh, n., (math.) sign of division: “÷”.
15. 除召 chur-jauh, v.t., appoint as official and summon to imperial audience.
16. 除籍 chur-jir, v.t., to expel, remove from list of members.
17. 除開 chur-’kai, v.t., to take away, remove.
18. 除了 chur-’le, prep., besides: 除了你沒有別人 there are no others besides you.
19. 除靈 chur-lirng, v.i., to burn the spirit tablet after completing the mass for the deceased.
20. 除名 chur-mirng, v.i., to dismiss, expel (“remove from list of names”).
21. 除禳 chur-rarng, v.i., pray to remove influence of evil spirits.
22. 除日 chur-ryh, n., the day before New Year, see chur-shir↓.
23. 除喪 chur-sang, v.i., to cease mourning when period is over.
24. 除身 chur-shen, v.i., (LL) to retire from office.
25. 除夕 chur-shih, n., New year’s Eve, see chur-ryh↑.
26. 除授 chur-shouh, v.t., to invest as official or military officer.
27. 除數 chur-shuh, n., (math.) the divisor;
28. 除數 chur-shuh, n., 被除數 the dividend.
29. 除是 chur-shyh, (poet.) ＝除非是, see chur-fei↑.
30. 除汰 chur-taih, v.t., to sift out eliminate.
31. 除罪 chur-tzueih, phr., pardon.
32. 除外 chur-waih, prep., (placed after n.) not counting, excluding, excepted: 星期日除外 Sundays excepted, see Prep.↑.
33. 除夜 chur-yeh, n., see chur-shih↑.

際 Num. Index: 32A.01-9 jih .

N. (1) Crevice between walls.
(2) A border, boundary, limit: 邊際 a margin: 邊際效用 (econ.) marginal utility;
水際 water front;
天際 the horizon;
際畔 jih-pahn↓;
耳際 near at hand, within hearing distance;
無際 boundless, limitless;
涯際 shores, limit;
實際 reality;
實際上 in reality, as a matter of fact: 不切實際 out of touch with reality, impractical.
(3) A duration of time: 唐虞之際 during the reigns of Yaur and Shuhn;
春秋之際 in the era of Spring and Autumn;
臨別之際 at the time of taking leave;
死生之際 the moment between life and death.

V.i. (1) Have relations, be related: 交際 (have) social functions;
entertain friends.
(2) Happen, occur unexpectedly: 際會 jih-hueih, 際遇 jih-yuh↓;
遭際 one’s lot in life (“what one comes upon”);
幸際承平 fortunately, it was a time of peace.
(3) Reach: 高不可際 height cannot be reached.

Prep. Among, between: 國際 between nations, international;
洲際 intercontinental;
星際 interstellar, interplanetary;
校際 intercollegiate;
級際，班際 interclass.

Words 1. 際會 jih-hueih, n., a chance meeting: 際會風雲 (of political figures) emorgence into prominence in times of crisis, riding on the crest of success.
2. 際畔 jih-pahn, n., a margin, brink, edge.
3. 際遇 jih-yuh, n., a chance (to meet with or be of service).

隈 Num. Index: 32A.02-4 wei .

N. A recess;
a bay, cove, inlet.

限 Num. Index: 32A.02-5 shiahn .

N. Limit: 界限 boundary;
門限為穿 the threshold is worn smooth (with many visitors);
限期 shiahn-chir↓;
限量 shiahn-liahng, 限度 shiahn-duh↓;
極限 extreme limits (of patience, insolence, etc.).

V.t. To limit: 限制 shiahn-jyh↓;
限定 shiahn-dihng↓.

Adj. Limited: 無限 limitless, unlimited;
有限 limited (supplies, etc.);
有限公司 limited company;
限價 officially limited price.

Words 1. 限期 shiahn-chir, adv., within a set time.
2. 限定 shiahn-dihng, v.t., to limit, set limit to;
3. 限定 shiahn-dihng, v.t., (passive) limited (persons admitted, time, expenditure).
4. 限度 shiahn-duh, n., the limit, extent.
5. 限額 shiahn-eh, n., quota.
6. 限制 shiahn-jyh, (1) n., control;
7. 限制 shiahn-jyh, (2) v.t., to control, set limit to (time, quota, etc.).
8. 限量 shiahn-liahng, n., capacity.

隊 Num. Index: 32A.02-8 dueih .

N. (1) A group, tema, corps: 一隊人 a group of people;
音樂隊 music band;
工程隊 engineering corps;
宪生大隊 sanitation corps;
救護隊 ambulance corps;
足球隊 football team;
脂粉隊 (facet.) group or team of ladies.
(2) Army unit: 軍隊，部隊 troops;
步隊 infantry;
騎兵隊 cavalry;
縱隊 column of troops;
支隊 detachment;
後隊 rear guard;
排隊 (of troops) fall in;
列隊 in formation, in file.

Words 1. 隊球 dueih-chiour, n., volleyball, also called 排球.
2. 隊長 dueih-jaang, n., captain of a ball team, company leader.
3. 隊伍 dueih-wuu, n., troops, rank and file.
4. 隊員 dueih-yuarn, n., member of company, or corps, or of ball team.

陣 Num. Index: 32A.10-1 jehn .

N. (1) Battle formation: 陣容，陣線，陣勢 jehn-rurng, jehn-shiahn, jehn-shyh↓;
雁陣 a flock of wild geese flying in formation;
布陣 deploy soldiers;
排陣 fall in line;
in line;
方陣 square formation;
嚴陣以待 stand ready in battle formation;
擺龍^門陣 60S.70.
(2) jehn-tz, ’l) A spell, a passing phase: 一陣風，一陣雨 alternate spells of wind and rain;
a spell (of laughter, anger, etc.).
(3) Battle: 上陣，出陣 go to battle;
陣地 battlefield;
陣亡，陣歿 fall in action, die in battle;
敗陣 be defeated;
臨陣逃脫 run away when battle begins.

Adv. Spasmodically: 陣雨，陣痛 or 陣陣雨，陣陣痛 spells of rain, pain.

Words 1. 陣地 jehn-dih, n., battlefield.
2. 陣法 jehn-faa, n., art of military formations.
3. 陣仗兒 jehn-’jang-’l, n., a battle combat: 沒見過大陣仗兒 never saw combat;
4. 陣仗兒 jehn-’jang-’l, n., (fig.) never went through some august ceremony.
5. 陣陣 jehn-jehn, adv., in successive spells.
6. 陣容 jehn-rurng, n., battle array;
7. 陣容 jehn-rurng, n., gen. appearnce or make-up (of delegation, etc.).
8. 陣線 jehn-shiahn, n., line of battle;
9. 陣線 jehn-shiahn, n., line of moving troops.
10. 陣勢 jehn-shyh, n., gen. appearance of battling army (strong, crumbling, etc.).

无 Num. Index: 32A.10-2 lirn . [Pop. of 鄰 22S.22]

障 Num. Index: 32A.10-6 jahng .

N. An obstruction, obstacle, barrier, cover for defense or protection: 屏障 natural cover for defense (e.g., high mountain range);
保障 (n. & v.t.) protection, guarantee (of life, human rights, etc.), 孽^障 see 20A.00.

Words 1. 障礙 jahng-aih, n., obstacle to progress;
2. 障礙 jahng-aih, n., 障礙競走 obstacle race.
3. 障蔽 jahng-bih, n., an obstruciton, what hinders (view, understanding).
4. 障泥 jahng-nir, n., mudguard in saddle.
5. 障扇 jang-shahn, n., ceremonial fan-shaped insignia in parade (also wr. 掌扇).
6. 障翳 jang-yih, n., an obstruction to clear vision or understanding.

阡 Num. Index: 32A.10-9 chian .

N. (1) A path in fields, leading north and south, see 阡陌 chian-moh↓.
(2) A path by a grave, see 阡表 chian-biaau↓.

Words 1. 阡表 chian-biaau, n., a stone inscription by a grave.
2. 阡陌 chian-moh, n., a crisscross of paths separating farms (阡 leading north and south, 陌 east and west).

陴 Num. Index: 32A.10-9 pir .

N. Parapets: 陴牆.

降 Num. Index: 32A.10-9 jiahng (*shiarng ).

V.i. & t. (1) Descend, fall, drop, come down: 降落 jiahng-luoh, 降生 jiahng-sheng, 降凡 jiahng-farn↓;
降旨 issue a royal decree;
降旗 jiahng-chir↓;
升降 ascend and descend;
升降機 an elevator, a lift;
下降 come down, drop;
空降 to parachute;
降福 to shower blessings on;
降禍 send down calamity;
降臨 condescend to come;
降雨，降雪 it rains, snows (rain, snow is falling).
(2) Lower, reduce, curtail, cut down: 降格 jiahng-ger↓;
降職 demote;
降價 reduce price;
降革 (of officials) degrade and dismiss;
降調 (of officials) transfer to a lower position.
(3) (*shiarng) Submit, surrender: 投降 (of troops) surrender to the enemy;
降服 shiarng-fur↓;
歸降 return to allegiance;
降將 a general who has surrendered;
降敵go over to the side of the enemy.
(4) (*shiarng) Subdue, put under control: 降伏 shiarng-fur↓;
降龍伏虎 (Buddhism and Taoism) ability to subdue wild animals, (Taoism) ability to control one’s passions, physical prowess;
降得住 can be subdued, able to resist the enemy.

Words 1. 降表 *shiarng-biaau, n., a declaration of surrender.
2. 降旗 jiahng-chir, (1) (*shiarng-chir) n., flag of surrender;
3. 降旗 jiahng-chir, (2) v.i., lower the flag, as at sunset.
4. 降凡 jiahng-farn, v.i., (of divine beings) be born incarnate.
5. 降附 *shiarng-fuh, v.i., go over to, come over from, the enemy.
6. 降伏 *shiarng-fur, v.t., subdue (enemy).
7. 降服 jiahng-fur, (1) n., mourning garment one grade lower than the ordinary;
8. 降服 jiahng-fur, (2) (*shiarng-fur) v.i., lay down arms and surrender to the enemy.
9. 降格 jiahng-ger, v.i., (1) (LL) (of gods) to grace with presence;
10. 降格 jiahng-ger, v.i., (2) condescend: 降格以求 to set one’s aim lower than usual, look for (person, thing) without insisting on the best.
11. 降號 jiahng-hauh, n., (mus.) flat (“b”).
12. 降落 jiahng-luoh, v.i., descend, come down, (of airplanes) to land: 降落傘 jiahng-luoh-saan, a parachute.
13. 降生 jiahng-sheng, v.i., be born, see the light of day;
14. 降生 jiahng-sheng, v.i., 耶穌降生 A.D.;
15. 降生 jiahng-sheng, v.i., the Incarnation.
16. 降神 jiahng-shern, v.i., offer sacrifices to the gods and pray for their presence.
17. 降香 jiahng-shiang, (1) n., a famous perfume, lignaloes;
18. 降香 jiahng-shiang, (2) v.i., (of kings) to offer prayer for rain.
19. 降世 jiahng-shyh, v.i., be born into the world.

陸 Num. Index: 32A.11-1 luh . [Abbr.□]

N. (1) Land: 大陸 continent, mainland;
歐洲大陸 the European Continent;
水陸 by land and water;
by land: 陸棲 (of animals) live on land;
陸運 land transportation;
陸沉 country sunk in chaos, (AC) stuck with the past (知古而不知今).
(2) Land forces: 陸軍，陸戰隊 luh-jyun, luh-jahn-dueih↓.
(3) Capital writing in checks for “six” (六) pr. (liouh).
(4) A surname.

Words 1. 陸半球 luh-bahn-chiour n., continental hemisphere (opp. 水半球 oceanic hemisphere).
2. 陸圈 luh-chyuan, n., (geog.) continental sphere.
3. 陸稻 luh-dauh, n., upland rice.
4. 陸戰隊 luh-jahn-dueih, n., (mil.) Marine corps.
5. 陸軍 luh-jyun, n., the army (cf. 空^軍 air force, 62A.30, 海^軍 navy 63A.50).
6. 陸離 luh-lir, adj., weirdly beautiful.
7. 陸續 luh-shyuh, adv., continuously, from time to time (send money, etc.).
8. 陸田 luh-tiarn, n., dry farm (opp. paddy).

陛 Num. Index: 32A.11-2 bih .

N. The flight of steps leading to the throne hall.

Words 1. bih-bih, (AC) everywhere (var. for 比比).
2. 陛下 bih-shiah, n., Your Majesty (term of address).

□ Num. Index: 32A.11-3 yin . [Interch. 堙 11A.11]

陞 Num. Index: 32A.11-9 sheng . [Var. of 升 92.20]

陲 Num. Index: 32A.11-9 chueir .

N. Frontier: 邊陲 frontier region: 西陲 western frontier.

隍 Num. Index: 32A.11-9 huarng .

N. Dry city moat, chiefly in phr.;
城^隍 god of the city, 11A.71.

隆 Num. Index: 32A.11-9 lurng .

N. A surname.

Adj. (1) High, solemn and great: 隆恩 (court.) high, great favor;
隆情盛意 (court. of gifts, courtesies) your great favors;
隆儀 your great gifts;
隆厚，隆貴，隆重 lurng-houh, lurng-gueih, lurng-juhng↓.
隆準，隆鼻 high nose (bridge);
隆乳 prominent, pointed breasts;
隆起 high, swollen, prominent.
(3) at the peak: 隆冬，隆夏 deep winter, high summer;
隆寒 severely cold;
隆替 rise and fall of power, influence.
(4) 豐隆 prosperous, plentiful;
隆多 plentiful.

V.i. To swell up: 隆起 swell or be swollen up (of mound, breast, wound).

Words 1. 隆貴 lurng-gueih, adj., very high (prices).
2. 隆厚 lurng-houh, adj., (of friendship, sentiment) deep, generous.
3. 隆重 lurng-juhng, adj., solemn (ceremony, gathering).
4. 隆隆 lurng-lurng, adj., booming (sound), rumbling.
5. 隆盛 lurng-shehng, adj., sumptuous, rich (feast);
6. 隆盛 lurng-shehng, adj., prosperous (country, commerce).

阱 Num. Index: 32A.20-9 jiing .

N. 陷阱 A trap, a snare for catching wild animals, a pitfall.

陋 Num. Index: 32A.21-3 louh .

Adj. (1) Narrow: 陋巷 a narrow land;
陋室 a humble room.
(2) Lowly, unsightly: 卑陋 lowly, plain (house);
醜陋 ugly.
(3) Vulgar, coarse, unrefined: 陋見 louh-jiahn, 陋習 louh-shir↓, 鄙陋 vulgar, lacking in refinement;
殘陋 superficial.
(4) Vile, rude, corrupt: 陋規，陋俗 louh-guei, louh-sur↓.

Words 1. 陋規 louh-guei, n., a corrupt practice, such as bribery.
2. 陋見 louh-jiahn, n., (self-disparagement) my humble views.
3. 陋劣 louh-lieh, adj., vile, detestable, sordid.
4. 陋儒 louh-rur, n., a doctrinaire or superficial Confucianist.
5. 陋習 louh-shir, n., common, vulgar practice.
6. 陋識 louh-shyh, n., superficial views.
7. 陋俗 louh-sur, n., common, stupid customs.

陷 Num. Index: 32A.21-9 shiahn .

N. A trap: 陷阱，陷坑 shiahn-jiing, shiahn-keng↓.

V.i. (1) To sink down, fall into (river, trap, well, sin and error).
(2) (City) falls, (enemy) collapses, (wall) crumbles.

V.t. (1) To trap, entrap (s.o.), to lead (s.o. into sin, crime): 陷于死地 lead (s.o.) to his doom.
(2) To capture (city) break (enemy force): 陷敵 to defeat enemy, also fall into enemy hands;
陷堅挫銳 break the force of enemy strength.
(3) To injure, possibly to kill: 陷害 shiahn-haih↓.

Words 1. 陷害 shiahn-haih, v.t., to design to kill: 陷害性命 kill (s.o.’s) life.
2. 陷陣 shiahn-jehn, v.i, break enemy ranks: 衝鋒陷陣.
3. 陷阱 shiahn-jiing, n., (lit. & fig.) a trap.
4. 陷坑 shiahn-keng, n., ditto.
5. 陷落 shiahn-luoh, v.i., to sink into iniquity;
6. 陷落 shiahn-luoh, v.i., sink down (into well, quagmire): 陷落計中 fall into enemy’s trap or plan;
7. 陷落 shiahn-luoh, v.i., (city) falls.
8. 陷沒 shiahn-moh, v.i., to drown.
9. 陷溺 shiahn-nih, v.i., to sink into (snake pit, sin).

隮 Num. Index: 32A.22-6 ji .

N. (AC) a rainbow: 朝隮于西 (AC) there was a rainbow in the west in the morning.

V.i. (1) (Anc. var. 躋) to ascend: 由賓階隮 go up by the stairs reserved for guests.
(2) To fall, to trip, stumble: 我乃顛隮 (AC) thus I faltered.

阼 Num. Index: 32A.22-9 tzuoh .

N. (1) (AC) a flight of steps on the eastern side of the hall where the host stood to welcome the guests.
(2) (AC) the throne on which the emperor sat at his coronation: 踐阼 ascend the throne.

阯 Num. Index: 32A.30-2 jyy .

N. (1) Var. 址 11A.30.
(2) Var. of 沚 63A.30.
(3) Interch. 趾 40B.30 in 交趾 (支那) Indochina.

陘 Num. Index: 32A.30-3 shirng .

N. (AC) a defile, a mountain pass;
edge of kitchen stove.

阻 Num. Index: 32A.30-4 tzuu .

N. A mountain pass: 險阻 a dangerous pass.

V.t. (1) To stop, prevent, block: 阻止 tzuu-jyy↓;
攔阻 to bar, block (the way).
(2) To rely on: 阻兵 rely on military might.
(3) Separate, isolate 阻隔 tzuu-ger↓.

Words 1. 阻礙 tzuu-aih, v.t., hinder, impede, obstruct.
2. 阻擋 tzuu-daang, v.t., impede, block, hamper.
3. 阻遏 tzuu-eh, v.t., to deter (aggression), check (flood water).
4. 阻隔 tzuu-ger, v.t., to separate, isolate, stand in the way of: 山川阻隔 separated by mountains and rivers.
5. 阻滯 tzuu-jyh, v.t., impede, hinder, obstruct.
6. 阻止 tzur-jyy, v.t., stop, prevent, hinder, obstruct.
7. 阻攔 tzuu-larn, v.t., hinder, obstruct, bar (the way).
8. 阻力 tzuu-lih, n., resistance.
9. 阻難 tzuu-nahn, v.t., thwart, baffle, embarrass.
10. 阻撓 tzuu-naur, v.t., hamper, hinder, foil.
11. 阻塞 tzuu-seh, v.t., obstruct, block.
12. 阻深 tzuu-shen, v.t., see tzuu-ger↑.
13. 阻修 tzuu-shiou, adj. (LL) separated by a long distance.

隘 Num. Index: 32A.30-8 aih .

N. A narrow pass, a defile: 要隘，險隘 strategic pass;
關隘 a fort, or fortifed pass.

隘i (1) Narrow (alley), confined, crowded and small (house): 狹隘 crowded, confined;

Adj. 湫隘 damp and low (place).
(2) (*eh) U.f. 阨 32A.70.

Words 1. 隘口 aih-koou, n., a mountain pass.

阽 Num. Index: 32A.40-2 diahn .

N. & adj. Danger, -ous: 阽危 in state of danger.

陪 Num. Index: 32A.40-6 peir .

V.t. (1) Accompany, keep company with: 陪他坐談 (玩兒，看戲) keep person’s company in talks, (play, seeing a play);
奉陪 v.i. & t., (court.) keep company.
(2) To own, confess, pacify: 陪不是 to own blame, apologize to (person);
陪小心 pacify (person) by being respectful.
(3) As prefix, meaning “assisting at,” “be company for,” “assistant,” see compp.↓.

N. Company at party: 作陪 be among the invited.

Words 1. 陪綁 peir-baang, n., person taken along with one kidnapped.
2. 陪伴 peir-bahn, v.t., keep company with (person).
3. 陪拜 peir-baih, v.i., to assist and kowtow in ceremony.
4. 陪襯 peir-chehn, n. & v.t., (as, be, for) contrast, add for contrast.
5. 陪乘 peir-cherng, v.i., be in the same carriage.
6. 陪持 peir-chyr, v.i., apologize.
7. 陪都 peir-du, n., secondary capital of country.
8. 陪房 peir-farng, n., maid of bride accompanying bride to new home and serving wifely duties to groom.
9. 陪嫁 peir-jiah, n., dowry;
10. 陪嫁 peir-jiah, n., v.i., (of bride’s personal maid) go into new home with bride (see peir-farng↑).
11. 陪酒 peir-jioou, v.i., (of singsong girls) assist at wine parties.
12. 陪客 peir-keh, n. & v.i., be among guests at party to honor s.o.;
13. 陪客 peir-keh, n. & v.i., such guest(s).
14. 陪禮 peir-lii, n., gift as token of apology, cf. 貼 41C.40.
15. 陪審 peir-sheen, v.i. & n., (be) an assessor at court.
16. 陪笑 (臉) peir-shiauh (liaan), v.i., make smiles to pacify.
17. 陪侍 peir-shyh, v.i., assist in attendance.
18. 陪罪 peir-tzueih, v.i., to apologize.

階 Num. Index: 32A.41-2 jie .

N. (1) Stairs, a flight of steps: 階梯 jie-ti↓;
臺階 an outdoor flight of steps;
石階 stone stairs;
階前萬里 distance is no barrier (to understanding or friedship);
初階 a primer, (“first steps”).
(2) Of ficial hierarchy: 官階 official ranks;
階級 jie-jir↓.

Words 1. 階段 jie-duahn, n., phase, stage: 現階段 the present stage (of development).
2. 階級 jie-jir (jie-’ji), n., (1) social classes: 上層，下層階級 upper, lower, classes of society;
3. 階級 jie-jir (jie-’ji), n., 階級𥌓爭 class struggle;
4. 階級 jie-jir (jie-’ji), n., (2) official ranking.
5. 階梯 jie-ti, n., stairs, a flight of steps, a ladder;
6. 階梯 jie-ti, n., introduction (to subject).
7. 階層 jie-tserng, n., stratum.

陌 Num. Index: 32A.41-3 moh .

N. Footpath among fields, see 阡^陌 32A.10;
(AC) street.

Words 1. 陌路 moh-luh, n., casuall-met acquaintance, stranger: 陌路相逢 casually met.
2. 陌生 moh-sheng, adj., not acquainted: 陌生人 stranger;
3. 陌生 moh-sheng, adj., 陌生面目 have not seen that face before.
4. 陌頭 moh-tour, n., (1) roadside;
5. 陌頭 moh-tour, n., (2) (AC) scarf for binding hair ＝帕頭.

隋 Num. Index: 32A.42-1 sueir .

N. (1) Sueir Dyn. 隋朝 (581-618 A.D.).
(2) A surname.

隔 Num. Index: 32A.42-3 ger (*jie , *jier ).

V.t. (1) Separate, divide, partition, isolate: 隔離 separate( s.o., s.t.) from another;
隔開，間隔 to partition (rooms, etc.);
隔絕 isolate, be separated from;
阻隔 to bar;
隔別 take leave of;
隔膜 ger-mor, 隔閡 ger-her, 隔斷 ger-duahn↓;
遠隔 be far removed from;
隔行 (harng) 如隔山 the barrier separating one occupation from an other is as forbidding as a mountain pass.
(2) Bear, endure: 隔不住 (opp. 隔得住) cannot stand: 桌子隔不住壓 the table cannot stand a heavy weight;
老人隔不住生氣 an old man cannot stand fits of anger.

Adj. Past, gone by, immediately preceding, next-door: 隔夜，隔宿 overnight;
隔日 the following day;
隔年 following year;
隔了這麼多天 after an interval of so many days;
隔手 through a third person;
隔三跳四 proceeding by irregular steps, skipping over;
隔壁 ger-bih↓;
隔鄰 next-door neighbor;
隔代遺傳 atavism;
隔房同輩 male cousins.

Prep. Across, on or from the other side of: 隔幵籬笆，一條小河，一道牆 across a fence, a small stream, a wall;
隔岸觀火 show utter unconcern (lit., “to watch a fire on the other side of the river”);
隔牆有耳 warning not to talk too loudly (lit., “s.o. may be listening on the other side of the wall”);
隔靴搔癢 fail to lay one’s finger on the right spot (lit., “to scratch an itch from outside the boot”).

Words 1. 隔壁 (兒) ger-bih (also *jieh-bieh-’l), (1) n., next-door neighbor;
2. 隔壁 (兒) ger-bih (also *jieh-bieh-’l), (2) adj., neighboring, adjacent.
3. 隔斷 ger-duahn (*jieh-duahn), (1) n., partitions of rooms;
4. 隔斷 ger-duahn (*jieh-duahn), (2) v.t., to obstruct, to isolate.
5. 隔閡 ger-her, n. & adj., losing contact, out of touch, failure to understand completely, see ger-mor↓.
6. 隔肢 ger-’jy, v.t., to tickle (s.o.).
7. 隔離 ger-lir, n. & v.i. & t., isolation, guarantine;
8. 隔離 ger-lir, n. & v.i. & t., to isolate;
9. 隔離 ger-lir, n. & v.i. & t., 隔離病房 isolation ward.
10. 隔膜 ger-mor, n., (1) (ger-’mo) mis understandding: 由於語言不通，造成這種隔膜 the misunderstanding between them was due to linguistic difficulties;
11. 隔膜 ger-mor, n., (2) (also ’mo) disagreement, enmity: 他一直和我這樣隔膜 there has been disagreement (enmity) between him and me all this time;
12. 隔膜 ger-mor, n., (3) (ger-mor) (physiol.) (＝膈膜) the diaphragm;
13. 隔膜 ger-mor, n., (4) adj., (also ger-’mo) ignorant, not in touch: 我於此事，實在隔膜 I don’t really understand this affair.
14. 隔山 ger-shan (*jier-shan), n., the relationship between siblings of different mothers.
15. 隔扇 ger-’shan (*jier’-shan), n., the paper or wooden partition between two rooms: 隔扇心兒 the empty space in such partition, usu. decorated with calligraphy or painting.
16. 隔子 ger-tz, n., (1) a bookcase, a cupboard: 書隔子 simple bookcase;
17. 隔子 ger-tz, n., (2) (*jier-tz) a latticed door.

隅 Num. Index: 32A.42-4 yur .

N. Corner, remote part: 海隅 remote parts of the sea;
side, aspect: 𡈼一隅，不以三隅反 (AC) (the teacher) mentions one side (and the student) fails to think out the other three sides for himself;
sometimes shortened to 隅反 (think for oneself) or 𡈼一反三;
隅目 (AC, rare) give angry look out of corners of one’s eyes.

陽 Num. Index: 32A.50-4 yarng .

N. (1) The yarng principle in yin-yarng philosophy, the positive, active, the male, opp. 陰 yin, the negative, passive, the female.
(2) The sun: 太陽 ditto;
斜陽 the setting sun;
當陽，正陽 facing the south (the sun).
(3) North side of a mountain.
(4) The virile member: 壯陽 (med.) to use aphrodisiacs, to increase virility.

Adj. (1) Male, positive, strong, bright, sunny: 陽性 yarng-shihng↓;
陽電 yarng-diahn↓;
陽光，陽面兒 yarng-guang, yarng-miah-’l↓.
(2) The positive in inscription: 陽識，陽文 yarng-jyh, yarng-wern↓;
陽螺絲 male thread in screw.
(3) Sexual: 陽物，陽道 yarng-wuh, yarng-dauh↓.

AdV. Openly: 陽奉陰違 outwardly obey orders but secretly ignore them —passive resistance.

Words 1. 陽起石 yarng-chii-shyr, n., (min.) actinolite.
2. 陽秋 yarng-chiou, n., (rare) var. of 春秋 annals, on account a temporary taboo on 春.
3. 陽春 yarng-chun, n., the springtime;
4. 陽春 yarng-chun, n., 陽春白雪 (allu.) name of an anc. melody (opp. popular songs) —s.t. selected and among the best;
5. 陽春 yarng-chun, n., 陽春麵 plain noodles.
6. 陽道 yarng-dauh, n., (LL) the male genitals.
7. 陽電 yarng-diahn, n., positive electricity.
8. 陽剛 yarng-gang, adj., strong, positive, stern in character.
9. 陽溝 yarng-gou, n., open sewerage.
10. 陽關 yarng-guan, n., a place name in anc. China, (fig.) place of departure, 陽關曲 yarng-guan-chyu, n., a parting song.
11. 陽光 yarng-guang, n., sunlight.
12. 陽和 yarng-her, adj., mild (weather), pleasantly warm.
13. 陽宅 yarng-jair, n., human habitation, house, opp. 陰宅 grave.
14. 陽間 yarng-jian, n., the present world of living beings, opp. 陰間 hell.
15. 陽九 yarng-jiour, n., (AC) a critical period, period of disaster (with varying interpretations).
16. 陽極 yarng-jir, n., (phys.) anode.
17. 陽識 yarng-jyh, n., characters cut in relief, opp. 陰識 characters cut below surface.
18. 陽具 yarng-jyuh, n., male sexual organ.
19. 陽曆 yarng-lih, n., Gregorian calendar.
20. 陽面兒 yarng-miah-’l, adj., open, candid (character), not secretive.
21. 陽平 yarng-pirng, n., the second tone of words symbolized by “r” here, as 明 mirng, 來 lair.
22. 陽性 yarng-shihng, (1) adj., male, positive, assertive;
23. 陽性 yarng-shihng, (2) n., the male sex, masculinity.
24. 陽壽 yarng-shouh, n., person’s life in present world, opp. 陰壽 celebrations of birthday of departed.
25. 陽世 yarng-shyh, n., this present world, see yarng-jian↑.
26. 陽燧 yarng-sueih, n., (AC) a speculum, brass mirror placed in the sun and generating enough heat to ignite dry grass.
27. 陽遂足 yarng-sueih-tzur, n., (zoo.) a sea animal. Ophioplocus.
28. 陽臺 yarng-tair, n., terrace.
29. 陽萎 yarng-weei, n., sexual impotence.
30. 陽文 yarng-wern, n., see yarng-jyh↑.
31. 陽烏 yarng-wu, n., (LL) the sun (with supposed image of a three-legged crow).
32. 陽物 yarng-wuh, n., penis.
33. 陽陽 yarng-yarng, adj., (AC) happy, gay, floating about (cf. 洋洋 63A.10).

防 Num. Index: 32A.50-6 farng . [Dist. 妨 93A.50: as 妨礙 obstruct, 不妨事 does not matter; but 防 guard against: 防禦，防範]

N. (1) Dam, embankment: 隄防.
(2) A surname.

V.i. & t. Defend against, provide against: 防不勝防 no way to prevent or guard against absolutely;
防患 guard against disaster;
防患於未然 make provisions before troubles occur;
防微杜漸 destroy evils before the become apparent;
防疫，防毒immunize, take measures against, epidemic, poisoning;
防火隊，消防隊 fire brigade;
防水災 check flood;
防水紙，布 waterproof paper, cloth;
防空 farng-kung↓;
防洪 flood control;
防颱 against typhoon;
養兒防老 raise children to provide against old age;
防諜 watch against spies.

Words 1. 防備 farng-beih, n. & v.i., defend, defense measures, precautions.
2. 防範 farng-fahn, n. & v.i., guard against (misconduct);
3. 防範 farng-fahn, n. & v.i., rules and measures of precaution.
4. 防風 farng-feng, n., (Chin. med.) an herb, Siler divaricatum.
5. 防腐齊 farng-fuh-jih, n., preservative.
6. 防己 farng-jii n., (Chin. med.) an herb, Cocculus thunbergii.
7. 防空 farng-kung, n, various devices against air raids;
8. 防空 farng-kung, n, 防空洞 air-raid shelters.
9. 防閑 farng-shiarn, v.t., stop and prevent loiterers or transgressors.
10. 防臭劑 farng-shiouh-jih, n., deodorizer.
11. 防守 farng-shoou, v.t., stand guard over, defend (posts, fort).
12. 防水劑 farng-shueei-jih, n., chemical for waterproofing.
13. 防蝕劑 farng-shyr-jih, n., anticorrosive.
14. 防頭 farng-tour, v.i., careful, esp. 不防頭: 假如說話不防頭 if one should make a carless slip of the tongue.
15. 防禦 farng-yuh, n. & v.t., guard against (thieves);
16. 防禦 farng-yuh, n. & v.t., defense or defense works.

陶 Num. Index: 32.50-6 taur .

N. (1) A surname.
(2) Earthenware, pottery.

V.t. To mold (character) as with clay, 陶冶 taur-yee↓.

Adj. Happy, contented;
陶陶，陶情 taur-taur, taur-chirng↓.

Words 1. 陶㪫 taur-chaang, n., potter’s workshop or factory.
2. 陶器 taur-chih, n., pottery, earthenware.
3. 陶情 taur-chirng, v.i., enjoy oneself: 陶情於山水 relax one’s mind in nature.
4. 陶匠 taur-jiahng, n., potter.
5. 陶鑄 taur-juh, v.t., educate and train talents (as potters and blacksmiths mold and form utensils).
6. 陶鈞 taur-jyun, n. & v.t., (AC) potter’s wheel;
7. 陶鈞 taur-jyun, n. & v.t., to mold character as potter molds clay.
8. 陶煉 (鍊) taur-liahn, v.t., to train through hardships and discipline.
9. 陶染 taur-raan, v.t., influence (character) by association or contact.
10. 陶然 taur-rarn, adj., carefree, happy, contented.
11. 陶鎔 taur-rurng, v.t., see taur-juh↑.
12. 陶陶 taur-taur, adj., happy;
13. 陶陶 taur-taur, adj., drunk.
14. 陶土 taur-tuu, n., potter’s clay.
15. 陶醉 taur-tzueih, v.t., be infatuated with (women, Western culture).
16. 陶瓦 taur-waa, n., bricks and tiles.
17. 陶硯 taur-yahn, n., earthen ink slab.
18. 陶冶 taur-yee, v.t., to mold, influence through contact: 陶冶性情 to shape or cleanse one’s spirit (as with poetry).

□ Num. Index: 32A.50-9 wuh . [Var. of 塢 11A.50]

隰 Num. Index: 32A.63-4 shir .

N. (LL) (1) Sawamps.
(2) Newly cultivated farm.

Words 1. 隰□ shir-gau, n., swamps, low pasture grounds.
2. 隰草 shir-tsaau, n., grass on swampy land.

阮 Num. Index: 32A.70-3 ruaan .

N. (1) An anc. musical instrument.
(2) A surname.

Words 1. 阮囊 Ruaan-narng, n., a purse: 阮囊羞澀 short of funds, in straitened circumstances, allu. to the story of 阮孚 of the Jihn Dyn.
2. 阮咸 Ruaan-shiarn, n., a kind of guitar, named after its supposed inventor of the Jihn Dyn.

阨 Num. Index: 32A.70-5 eh .

N. Strategic point: 阨塞 eh-saih↓.

Adj. Adverse (circumstances): 阨窮 eh-chyurng↓.

Words 1. 阨窮 eh-chyurng, adv., povertystricken.
2. 阨塞 eh-saih, n., strategic fort or pass.

隴 Num. Index: 32A.70-6 luung .

N. Alternate name for Shensi Province;
得隴望蜀 having control of Shensi, one hopes to control Szechuen—allu. insatiable ambition.

Words 1. 隴畝 lurng-moou, n., (AC) countryside: 起於隴畝之間 (of person) rise from a farm boy.

陀 Num. Index: 32A.70-6 tuor .

N. Sharp bank: 坡陀 uneven slope.

Words 1. 陀螺 tuor-luor, n., a top.
2. 陀羅經被 tuor-luor-jing-beih, n., dharani, quilt, formerly, quilt embroidered with Buddhist Charms or dharani.

阬 Num. Index: 32A.70-6 keng . [Var. 坑 11A.70]

院 Num. Index: 32A.70-6 yuahn .

N. (1) A court, courtyard: 庭院 ditto;
宮院 palace court;
院子，院落 yuahn-tz, yuahn-luoh↓.
(2) An institute, institution of learning, college: 學院 a college: 文學院 college of arts;
理學院 college of science;
書院 anc. type of college;
研究院 research institute;
博物院 museum;
寺院，僧院 monastery;
戲院 theater;
妓院 brothel;
病院 hospital;
療養院 sanatorium;
養老院 old people’s home;
育幼院 orphanage, etc.
(3) A department, branch of government: 行政院 Executive Yuan;
立法院 Legislative Yuan;
司法院 Judicial Yuan;
監察院 Censorial Yuan;
考試院 Civil Service Yuan;
(眾) 議院 congress;
參議院 senate;
國務院 state department;
法院 court of justice.

Words 1. 院本 yuahn-been, n., (MC) opera or theater as played in singsong houses.
2. 院公 yuahn-gung, n., (MC) old servant.
3. 院長 yuahn-jaang, n., (1) director of hospital, museum, institute, etc.;
4. 院長 yuahn-jaang, n., (2) head of branch of government, see N.2 &3↑.
5. 院宅 yuahn-jair, n., living house.
6. 院君 yuahn-jyun, n., (MC) a lady of rank.
7. 院兒 yuah-’l, see yuahn-luoh↓.
8. 院落 yuahn-luoh, n., court or open ground around house.
9. 院子 yuahn-tz, n., ditto.
10. 院宇 yuahn-yuu, n., house buildings.

隗 Num. Index: 32A.70-9 weei .

N. A surname.

Adj. High, lofty (related 嵬巍).

阣 Num. Index: 32A.70-9 yih . [Var. of 屹 21A.70]

隱 Num. Index: 32A.72-9 yiin . [Dist. 穩 ween , 90A.72]

N. A secret: 難言之隱 a secret which could not be told.

V.i. & t. (1) To conceal, hide: 隱藏，隱匿，隱瞞，yiin-tsarng, yiin-nih, yiin-marn↓;
隱身，隱形 yiin-shen, yiin-shirng↓;
隱姓埋名 to conceal one’s name and surname;
隱惡揚善 to conceal faults of others and praise their good points.
(2) To live as recluse: 隱居，隱士 yiin-jyu, yiin-shyh↓.
(3) (AC) to take pity: 隱其無罪而就死地 take pity on its being innocently killed;
惻隱之心 the heart of mercy.

Adj. (1) Hidden, secret: 隱患，隱憂，隱疾 yiin-huahn, yiin-you, yiin-jir↓.
(2) Latent: 隱力 yiin-lih↓.
(3) Small, invisible, unclear: 隱微，隱約 yiin-weir, yiin-yue↓.
(4) (AC) poor: 隱民多取食焉 many poor people lived on it.

Words 1. 隱蔽 yiin-bih, v.t., to conceal (s.t.), (s.t.) be concealed.
2. 隱親 yiin-chin, v.i., (AC) to attend or comfort personally, thoughtfully.
3. 隱情 yiin-chirng, n., hidden, unspoken thoughts or feelings, see yiin-jung↓.
4. 隱遁 yiin-duhn, v.i., to escape, live in hiding.
5. 隱伏 yiin-fur, v.i., to lie low;
6. 隱伏 yiin-fur, v.i., (of troubles, disease) lie dormant.
7. 隱宮 yiin-gung, n., (AC) secret house for castration.
8. 隱患 yiin-huahn, n., latent trouble or cause for worry.
9. 隱諱 yiin-hueih, n. & v.t., taboo (on parent’s or emperor’s personal name);
10. 隱諱 yiin-hueih, n. & v.t., to conceal as secret.
11. 隱者 yirn-jee, n., a recluse.
12. 隱疾 yiin-jir, n., a secret or ugly disease, euphem. for venereal disease or impotence.
13. 隱衷 yiin-jung, n., hidden, unspoken thoughts or feelings.
14. 隱居 yiin-jyu, v.i., to live as recluse or in retirement.
15. 隱君子 yiin-jyun-tz, n., (1) a recluse scholar;
16. 隱君子 yiin-jyun-tz, n., (2) (facet.) an opium smoker (pun on 癮 yiin, addict.).
17. 隱力 yiin-lih, n., latent force.
18. 隱瞞 yiin-marn, v.t., to conceal (s.t. or from person).
19. 隱祕 (密) yiin-mih, adj., hidden, secret.
20. 隱沒 yiin-moh, v.i., to pass unnoticed by public.
21. 隱囊 yiin-narng, n., (MC) a cushion.
22. 隱匿 yiin-nih, v.i. & t., to hide, conceal, from view.
23. 隱忍 yirn-reen, v.t., to bear or suffer (injustice, distress) patiently without protest.
24. 隱身 yiin-shen, v.i., (Taoist) to make oneself invisible;
25. 隱身 yiin-shen, v.i., 隱身法 yiin-shen-faa, n., such magic;
26. 隱身 yiin-shen, v.i., 隱身草兒 yiin-shen-tsaau-’l, (fig.) a person acting as cover.
27. 隱姓 yiin-shihng, phr., to conceal one’s surname: 隱姓埋名 incognito (“to disguise name and personal name”).
28. 隱形 yiin-shirng, v.i., to render oneself invisible;
29. 隱形 yiin-shirng, v.i., 隱形眼鏡 contact lens.
30. 隱士 yiin-shyh, n., a recluse scholar.
31. 隱慝 yiin-teh, n., (AC) hidden, past or evil deeds.
32. 隱藏 yiin-tsarng, v.i. & t., to conceal (s.t., s.o.);
33. 隱藏 yiin-tsarng, v.i. & t., be concealed.
34. 隱惻 yiin-tseh, v.i., (AC) to feel sorrow, pity.
35. 隱痛 yiin-tuhng, n., secret pain;
36. 隱痛 yiin-tuhng, n., regret.
37. 隱微 yiin-weir, adj., latent, invisible, deep (meaning);
38. 隱微 yiin-weir, adj., minute (particle).
39. 隱逸 yiin-yih, n. & adj., recluse;
40. 隱逸 yiin-yih, n. & adj., scholar who keeps away from politics esp. in times of national trouble.
41. 隱隱 yirn-yiin, adj., unclear, barely visible: 隱隱可見 may be seen indistinctly, see yiin-yue↓.
42. 隱憂 yiin-you, n., deep grief (=殷憂), also secret worry.
43. 隱約 yiin-yue, adj., (1) indistinctly visible;
44. 隱約 yiin-yue, adj., (2) implicit (meaning).
45. 隱語 yiin-yuu, n., a riddle;
46. 隱語 yiin-yuu, n., an enigma, an elliptical line.

隤 Num. Index: 32A.80-2 tueir . [Var. of 頹 90S.80]

隕 Num. Index: 32A.80-4 yuun (*yurn ).

V.i. & t. (1) To fall down, to make a slip: 隕越 yuun-yueh↓.
(2) To let fall (tears): 隕淚，隕涕 shed tears.
(3) To die (interch. 殞 31S.80): 隕命 yuun-mihng↓.

Words 1. 隕墜 yuun-jueih, v.i., to decline and fall (said of tradition, a ruling power).
2. 隕落 yuun-luoh, v.i., to fall down.
3. 隕命 yuun-mihng, v.i., to lose life, to die (also wr 殞命).
4. 隕星 yuun-shing, n., a meteor.
5. 隕石 yuun-shyr, n., meteorite.
6. 隕鐵 yuun-tiee, n., meteoriciron.
7. 隕越 yuun-yueh, v.i., to fall down;
8. 隕越 yuun-yueh, v.i., to make a slip, commit dereliction of duty.

陝 Num. Index: 32A.81-1 shaan (*shiar ).

N. 陝西 Shensi Province.

Adj. (*shiar) U.f. 狹 narrow.

險 Num. Index: 32A.81-8 shiaan .

N. (1) A strategic position: 天險 natural defense, barriers (as mountain range, rivers);
無險可守 untenable defensive position;
憑險固守 hold natural advantage of defense position.
(2) Risky adventure: 冒險 to risk danger;
探險 explore (danerous peaks, North Pole, etc.);
行險以僥倖 choose foolish, risky means to gain end;
歷險 go through hardships and difficulties;
保^險 insurance, see 91A.01.
(3) Accident: 遇險 meet with car or other accident and die or be as sassinated.

Adj. (1) Dangerous, risky, unsafe: 艱險 (road) difficult to pass;
危險 dangerous;
險症 shiaan-jehng↓.
(2) Difficult, startling: 險句，險語 startling sentence, esp. in prose or poetry;
險韻 a rhyme class of words, with few words in it, and therefore a difficult rhyme class.
(3) Tricky, dishonest: 險詐 shiaan-jah↓;
奸險 treacherous (person).

Adv. Nearly, almost: 險遭毒手 was nearly killed;
險遭不測 barely escaped accident;
險些 shiaan-shie↓.

Words 1. 險隘 shiaan-aih, n., a strategic pass.
2. 險詖 shiaan-bih, adj., (LL) crooked (conduct).
3. 險道神 shiaan-dauh-shern, n., (1) (coll.) a paper image opening the way for a funeral procession;
4. 險道神 shiaan-dauh-shern, n., (2) (fig.) a very tall person.
5. 險惡 shiaan-eh, adj., wicked, crafty (heart);
6. 險惡 shiaan-eh, adj., treacherous, ominous (aspect).
7. 險固 shiaan-guh, adj., strong defensively.
8. 險詐 shiaan-jah, adj., crafty, deceitful.
9. 險症 shiaan-jehng, n., dangerous disease.
10. 險棘 shiaan-jir, adj., (road) treacherous and overgrown with underbrush.
11. 險譎 shiaan-jyuer, adj., see shiaan-jah↑.
12. 險峻 shiaan-jyuhn, adj., (cliff) steep.
13. 險澀 shiaan-seh, adj., difficult (road, terrain).
14. 險些 (兒) shiaan-shie (shiaan-shie-’l), adv. phr., almost, nearly: 險些掉下去 nearly fell into (chasm, river, etc.);
15. 險些 (兒) shiaan-shie (shiaan-shie-’l), adv. phr., 險些死了 almost died;
16. 險些 (兒) shiaan-shie (shiaan-shie-’l), adv. phr., 險些釣上來 almost caught the fish.
17. 險戲 shiaan-shih, adj., (LL) see shiaan-seh↑(also wr. 巇).
18. 險阻 shiaan-tzuu, adj., (terrain) difficult to cross.
19. 險要 shiaan-yauh, n., a strong natural defense position.
20. 險易 shiaan-yih, n., degree of safety or risk.

隩 Num. Index: 32A.81-9 yuh (*auh ).

N. A cove, a bend in river.

Adj. (1) U.f. 燠 warm.
(2) (*auh) U.f. 奧 profound.

陵 Num. Index: 32A.82-1 lirng .

N. (1) Hill, mound: 丘陵，岡陵 mound, hillock;
陵谷易處 “hill and valley change places”—great changes between periods.
(2) Mausoleum, imperial tomb: 明陵 the Ming Tombs;
中山陵 Chungshan Mausoleum.
(3) A surname.

V.t. Var. of 凌 63A.82, humiliate, soar aloft, etc.

Words 1. 陵寢 lirng-chiin, n., king’s or ruler’s resting place.
2. 陵廟 lirng-miauh, n., mausoleum temple.
3. 陵墓 lirng-muh, n., usu. tomb of distinguished person.
4. 陵苕 lirng-tiaur, n., (bot.) Tecoma grandiflora (＝紫葳).
5. 陵替 lirng-tih, n. & v.i., decline (of dynasty).
6. 陵夷 lirng-yir, v.i., gradual decay (of power).
7. 陵園 lirng-yuarn, n., tomb garden.

陂 Num. Index: 32A.82-2 po (AC also *pir ).

N. (1) Slope, see 坡 11A.82.
(2) (AC) reservoir.

Adj. (*pir) sloping, biassed in 偏陂.

Words 1. 陂陀 po-tor, adj., winding, with ups and downs (of embankments, hill lines).
2. 陂塘 po-tarng (*pir-tarng), n., small pond.

陬 Num. Index: 32A.82-3 tzou .

N. (1) A secluded place: 邊陬 (LL) the border regions.
(2) A corner: 四陬 (LL) the four corners (of a city, town, country).

V.i. Live together in a group: 陬落 (LL) a village settlement.

阪 Num. Index: 32A.82-9 baan . [Var. of 𥝲，□，current in Japan]

N. Slope: 阪上走丸 phr., ride the crest of fortune, do s.t. most easily;
阪田 (AC) rugged area.

陡 Num. Index: 32A.83-1 doou .

Adj. Steep.

Adv. Suddenly, abruptly: 夜來陡覺霜風急 suddenly felt the chilly frost at night;
陡起歹念 suddenly a wicked idea came to mind.

隨 Num. Index: 32A.83-1 sueir . [Abbr.□]

N. A surname.

V.t. (1) To follow: 隨從，隨順 sueir-tsurng, sueir-shuhn↓;
追隨 to follow a leader about;
隨波逐浪 follow the winds and waves (i.e., the fashions, trends);
入鄉隨俗 when is Rome, do as th Romans do;
隨娘改嫁 (of children of remarried women) follow the mother into new home.
(2) To adjust, to change, to take what comes: 隨機應變 do as the circumstances dictate;
隨風轉舵，隨風兒倒 cut the rudder to the wind (change course for convenience);
隨高就低，隨方就圓 be adjustable to circumstances;
隨聲附和 to follow the majority blindly;
隨遇而安 take what comes (and be contented);
各隨所好 let each do what he wants.
(3) To let: 隨便 sueir-biahn↓;
隨他去，隨他怎樣的 let him do what he likes.
(4) To do naturally without extra effort: 隨口答應 promise at once without hesitation;
隨手關門 shut the door as you pass by.
(5) To favor (a parent): 他長得隨他父親，說話的神氣隨他母親 he looks like his father, and talks like his mother.

Adj. Any: 隨時 any time, sueir-shyr↓;
隨處，隨地 anywhere, sueir-chuh, sueir-dih↓;
隨叫隨到 to be available on hand, at one’s back and call.

Adv. & conj. As, as soon as: 隨來隨吃 guests are served as they arrive;
隨學隨忘 no sooner learned than it is forgotten;
隨即 sueir-jir↓.

Words 1. 隨便 (兒) sueir-biahn (sueir-bia-’l), adj. & adv., (1) as one wishes, freely, not restricted: 隨便走 go wherever and whenever you like;
2. 隨便 (兒) sueir-biahn (sueir-bia-’l), adj. & adv., esp. invitation to take off gown or coat at party: 隨便寬衣;
3. 隨便 (兒) sueir-biahn (sueir-bia-’l), adj. & adv., 不可隨便吐痰 do not spit freely;
4. 隨便 (兒) sueir-biahn (sueir-bia-’l), adj. & adv., (2) carelessly, cursorily: 做事不可隨便 don’t do slipshod work.
5. 隨筆 sueir-bii, n., a form of informal or familiar essay, casual literary notes.
6. 隨常 sueir-charng, adv., usually.
7. 隨趁 sueir-chehn, v.t., to keep company with (person).
8. 隨牆門 (兒) sueir-chiarng-mern (sueir-chiarng-mer-’l), n., “hole in the wall” used as entrances.
9. 隨處 (兒) sueir-chuh(’l), adv., everywhere, anywhere.
10. 隨群 (兒) sueir-chyurn (’l), adv., following others, conforming to fashion.
11. 隨帶 sueir-daih, v.t., to bring along (luggage, children, staff).
12. 隨地 (兒) sueir-dih (sueir-dieh-’l), adv., anywhere, everywhere: 隨地吐痰 spit everywhere.
13. 隨分 sueir-fehn, adv., (1) according to one’s status or ability (to drink, etc.);
14. 隨分 sueir-fehn, adv., (2) joining as part of group action (in presenting gifts, etc.).
15. 隨和 sueir-ho, (1) (allu.) 隨和之寶 (AC) two owners of priceless treasures;
16. 隨和 sueir-heh, (2) v.i., follow others blindly;
17. 隨和 sueir-’he, (3) adj., friendly, not contentious.
18. 隨後 sueir-houh, adv., later on, soon after: 你先去，我隨後就到 you go first, I’ll be there soon.
19. 隨機 sueir-ji, adv., as the situation allows or demands: 隨機應變 act according to circumstances.
20. 隨即 sueir-jir, adv., immediately: 說完隨即出去 went out immediately after saying s.t.
21. 隨口 (兒) sueir-koou (’l), adv., (promise) freely.
22. 隨溜 (兒) sueir-liouh (’l), adv., conforming to current style (in dress, action).
23. 隨身 sueir-shen, v.i., carry s.t. (stick, pipe) always on body;
24. 隨身 sueir-shen, v.i., 隨身燈 sueir-shen-deng, n., lamp lighted before a cofin during vigil.
25. 隨喜 sueir-shii, n. & v.i., (1) (Budd.) visit temples, join in celebrations;
26. 隨喜 sueir-shii, n. & v.i., (2) join in the fun in gen.
27. 隨心 sueir-shin, phr., (do) as one pleases: 隨心所欲 as the heart desires;
28. 隨心 sueir-shin, phr., 隨心草兒 choice or fashion, each one accoding to his taste.
29. 隨手 (兒) sueir-shoou(’l), (1) quickly (forget, etc.);
30. 隨手 (兒) sueir-shoou(’l), (2) while convenient, without trouble: 隨手關門 shut the door as you come in or go out.
31. 隨順 sueir-shuhn, v.t., to obey (another).
32. 隨事 sueir-shyh¹, adv., in everything (be careful, etc.).
33. 隨侍 sueir-shyh², v.i. & t., to attend upon (s.o.).
34. 隨時 sueir-shyr, adv., (availble) any time, any time one likes.
35. 隨俗 sueir-sur, v.i., follow local custom.
36. 隨從 sueir-tsurng, (1) (sueir-tsuhng) n., a member of the retinue;
37. 隨從 sueir-tsurng, (2) v.t., to accompany (a superior).
38. 隨同 sueir-turng, adv. & prep., together;
39. 隨同 sueir-turng, adv. & prep., together with.
40. 隨意 sueir-yih, adv., as one pleases (drink, pluck flowers, leave place);
41. 隨意 sueir-yih, adv., 隨意肌 sueir-yih-ji, n., voluntary muscle.
42. 隨宜 sueir-yir, adv., as one likes or chooses.
43. 隨員 sueir-yuarn¹, n., asistant, secretary, member of staff, esp. on a mission.
44. 隨緣 sueir-yuarn², adv., (Budd. & gen.) (donate) according to situation.

隄 Num. Index: 32A.83-4 tir (*di ). [Var. 堤]

N. 隄防 dike, embankment.

V.t. (*di-’fang) Guard against (＝提防).

隧 Num. Index: 32A.83-8 sueih .

N. (1) A tunnel;
a tunnel gate, underground pass.
(2) (AC) bonfire as war signal;
torch, (u.f. 燧 91D.83).

Words 1. 隧道 sueih-dauh, n., tunnel, underground passage.

陟 Num. Index: 32A.91-2 jyh .

V.i. & t. To climb (mountain, staircase);
to promote: 陟級 promote, be promoted in rank;
陟用 promote to higher position.

Words 1. 陟黜 jyh-chuh, n., promotion and downgrading of officials.
2. 陟方 jyh-fang, phr., (AC) an emperor travels for visits;
3. 陟方 jyh-fang, phr., an emperor dies (“goes up to great distance” cf. 升遐).
4. 陟罰 jyh-far, n., promotion and punishment.
5. 陟降 jyh-jiahng, n., see jyh-chuh↑.

陰 Num. Index: 32A.93-8 yin (*an , *yihn ). [Var. 闇]

N. (1) The principle of yin in 陰陽 yin-yarng philosophy, the principle of the female, the quiescent, the passive, opp. 陽 yarng, the male, the active, the expansive: 太陰 the moon, opp. 太陽 the sun.
(2) The genitals of man or woman: 男陰，女陰;
陰戶 yin-huh, 陰莖 yin-jing↓.
(3) (AC) the north side of mountain;
south side of river.
(4) The back side of monuments: 碑陰.
(5) The nether world 陰魂，陰司，陰府 yin-hurn, yin-sy¹, yin-fuu↓;
陰宅，陰狀，陰壽 yin-jer, yin-juahng, yin-shouh↓.
(6) The shady side: 向陰 facing the shade;
the moving shadow of the sundial, hence 光陰 time.
(7) (*an) (AC) hut near grave for mourner.
(8) (*yihn) (AC) u.f. 蔭 tree shade.
(9) A surname.

Adj. (1) Minus, negative (electricty): 陰電，陰極 yin-diahn, ying-jir↓.
(2) Female, quiescent, see N.1↑.
(3) Negative in seal, photography: 陰文 yin-wern↓;
陰畫 yin-huah↓.
(4) Rainy: 陰天 yin-tian↓.
陰晴 rain and shine.
(5) Crafty, sinister: 陰謀，陰險，陰詐 yin-mour, yin-shiaan, yin-jah↓.

Words 1. 陰暗 yin-ahn, adj., dark, gloomy.
2. 陰兵 yin-bing, n., (MC) women soldiers (cf. Amazons).
3. 陰部 yin-buh, n., private parts (of man, woman).
4. 陰辰 yin-chern¹, n., (Chin. astrology) the even numbers in duodecimal cycle: 丑，卯，巳，未，酉，亥，see Appendex A (cf. yin-gan¹↓).
5. 陰沈 yin-chern², n., not open, crafty, secretive (person);
6. 陰沈 yin-chern², n., deadpan (face);
7. 陰沈 yin-chern², n., dark, gloomy (sky);
8. 陰沈 yin-chern², n., 陰沈木 a kind of hard, finegrained wood.
9. 陰譴 yin-chiaan, n., God’s retribution (punishment for sin).
10. 陰慶 yin-ching, n., see yin-shouh↓.
11. 陰脣 yin-churn, n., (physiol.) labia majora;
12. 陰脣 yin-churn, n., labia minora.
13. 陰道 yin-dauh, n., (physiol.) the vagina.
14. 陰德 yin-der, n., good deeds done in secret.
15. 陰電 yin-diahn, n., negative electricity.
16. 陰地嶡 yin-dih-jyuer, n., (bot.) Botrychium ternatum.
17. 陰毒 yin-dur, adj., (person) vicious with a friendly exterior.
18. 陰惡 yin-eh, adj., evil deeds unknown to other men.
19. 陰阜 yin-fuh, n., (physiol.) Mons veneris.
20. 陰府 yin-fuu, n., the nether world, Hades.
21. 陰干 yin-gan¹, n., (Chin. astrology) the five even numbers in decimal cycle: 乙，丁，己，辛，癸，cf. yin-chern¹↑.
22. 陰乾 yin-gan² (yin-’gan), v.t., to let (pickles, meat) dry gradually in the shade.
23. 陰溝 yin-gou, n., sewerage, covered drain.
24. 陰功 yin-gung, n., see yin-der↑.
25. 陰寒 yin-harn, adj., cold and damp.
26. 陰狠 yin-heen, adj., see yin-dur↑.
27. 陰核 yin-her, n., (physiol.) clitoris.
28. 陰畫 yin-huah, n,. formerly, photographic negative.
29. 陰晦 yin-hueei, adj., overcast, cloudy.
30. 陰戶 yin-huh, n., the vagina.
31. 陰魂 yin-hurn, n., ghost.
32. 陰詐 yin-jah, adj., crafty, deceitful.
33. 陰著兒 yin-jau-’l, n., a dastardly act.
34. 陰宅 yin-jer, n., graveyard (opp. 陽宅 residence of the living).
35. 陰間 yin-jian, n., the Hades.
36. 陰莖 yin-jing, n., the penis.
37. 陰極 yin-jir, n., (phys.) the cathode.
38. 陰狀 yin-juahng, n., letter left by one who committed suicide (“a complaint in hell”).
39. 陰重 yin-juhng, adj., (AC, rare) not given to many words, secretive.
40. 陰識 yin-jyh¹, n., inscription in intaglio, with characters below surface.
41. 陰□ yin-jyh², n., see yin-der↑.
42. 陰涼 yin-liarng, adj., cool: 陰涼兒 cool shade.
43. 陰曆 yin-lih, n., the lunar calendar.
44. 陰靈兒 yin-lirng-’l, n., departed soul of person.
45. 陰毛 yin-maur, n., pubic hair.
46. 陰門 yin-mern, n., see yin-huh↑.
47. 陰面子 yin-miahn-tz, n., dastardly person;
48. 陰面子 yin-miahn-tz, n., friendly attitude with concealed viciousness.
49. 陰謀 yin-mour, n., secret conspiracy.
50. 陰囊 yin-narng, n., (physiol.) the scrotum.
51. 陰平 yin-pring, n., the first tone in Chin. language (陽平＝second tone).
52. 陰人 yin-rern, n., (sl.) a woman.
53. 陰森 yin-sen, adj., dark, gloomy place;
54. 陰森 yin-sen, adj., crooked (person).
55. 陰險 yin-shiaan, adj., sly and crafty, dastardly.
56. 陰性 yin-shihng, n., feminine character, gender;
57. 陰性 yin-shihng, n., the yin nature.
58. 陰行草 yin-shirn-tsaau, n., (bot.) Siphonostegia chinensis.
59. 陰壽 yin-shouh, n., anniversary of a parent’s death.
60. 陰事 yin-shyh, n., secret doings not known to others.
61. 陰桫 yin-suo, n., (bot.) a hard wood.
62. 陰損 yin-suun, n., secret evil deed which detracts from man’s lot of happiness.
63. 陰司 yin-sy¹, n., the judges in hell;
64. 陰司 yin-sy¹, n., the hell.
65. 陰私 yin-sy², n., a man’s personal secrets not known to others.
66. 陰天 yin-tian, n., a cloudy day.
67. 陰曹 yin-tsaur, n., see yin-sy¹↑.
68. 陰萎 yin-weei, n., (physiol.) impotence (＝陽萎).
69. 陰文 yin-wern, n., inscription in intaglio, with characters below surface.
70. 陰陽 yin-yarng, n., yin and yarng, (see N.1↑);
71. 陰陽 yin-yarng, n., 陰陽家 an astrologer;
72. 陰陽 yin-yarng, n., 陰陽生 (AC) astrologer;
73. 陰陽 yin-yarng, n., 陰陽人 yin-yarng-rern, n., a bisexual person;
74. 陰陽 yin-yarng, n., sex-intergrade (biol.).
75. 陰影 yin-yiing, n., shadow.
76. 陰陰 yin-yin, adj., cloudy: 陰陰沉沉 cloudy and gooomy.

隃 Num. Index: 32A.93-8 yur . [Var. of 踰 40B.00]

□ Num. Index: 32S.00-1 dueih . [Abbr. of 對 22S.00]

剁 Num. Index: 32S.00-2 duoh .

V. To chop, mince, pare: 剁肉 to mince meat;
剁碎 to chop fine.

剟 Num. Index: 32S.00-3 duor .

V.t. To cut, chop (meat, etc.), to prick;
(AC) to cut wood block: 剟刊 to publish (rare).

孖 Num. Index: 32S.00-3 tzy .

N. Twins.

𡸷� shu (also su).

N. A surname.

Adj. (Interch. 疏 32S.70) negligent;
distant;
𡸷懶，𡸷失，𡸷散，etc., see 疏 32S.70.

Words 1. 𡸷隔 shu-ger, adj., silent in correspondence, having not corresponded (＝疏^𡚸 32S.70).
2. 𡸷慌 shu-huang, adj., out of practice.
3. 𡸷交 shu-jiau, n., distant, not close friend.
4. 𡸷快 shu-kuaih, adj., (MC) carefree.
5. 𡸷剌剌 shu-lah-lah, adj., (MC) forlorn, wind-blown.
6. 𡸷頑 shu-warn, adj., (AC) carefree, insouciant, see 疏^慢，疏^放 32S.70.

孫 Num. Index: 32S.01-9 sun (*suhn ).

N. (1) A surname.
(2) (sun-tz, ’l) A grandchild: 孫子，孫女 sun-tz, sun-nyuu↓;
男孫，女孫 grandson, granddaughter.
(3) A relative of grandchild’s generation or lower: 曾孫 great-grandson;
玄孫，元孫 great-great-grandson;
來孫，昆孫，仍孫，雲孫，耳孫 (counting from 孫 as the 3rd generation) the 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th generation grandson in that order;
外孫 grandson on daughter’s side;
姪孫 nephew of 3rd generation;
長孫 eldest grandson;
重孫 eldest grandson by eldest son;
承重孫 eldest grandson in absence of eldest son during funeral.

V.i. & adj. (AC) u.f. 遜 32.83.

Words 1. 孫兒 sun-erl, n., grandchild.
2. 孫婦 sun-fuh, n., grandson’s wife.
3. 孫竹 sun-jur, n., bamboo shoot grown from the main root.
4. 孫女 (兒) sun-nyuu (sun-’nyue-’l), n., granddaughter.
5. 孫媳 sun-shir, n., grandson’s wife.
6. 孫婿 sun-shyuh, n., granddaughter’s husband.
7. 孫子 sun-tz, n., grandson.

□ Num. Index: 32S.02-5 jian . [Abbr. of 艱 20S.02]

豫 Num. Index: 32S.02-9 yuh .

N. (1) A surname.
(2) Name for Honan Province: 豫劇 Honan opera.

V.i. To take part in (see 預 32S.80).

Adj. (LL) happy, contented: 逸豫 carefree;
不豫 displeased.

Adv. Interch. 預;
in advance, be forehand, see 預 32S.80 compp.

□ Num. Index: 32S.11-9 narn (nahn ). [Abbr. of 難 20S.11]

鄧 Num. Index: 32S.23-3 dehng

N. A surname.

矜 Num. Index: 32S.32-8 jin . (*guan ).

V.t. To pity: 矜恤 jin-shyuh, 矜惜 jin-shir, 矜全 jin-chyuarn↓.

N.1 & adj. (*guan) (Interch. 鰥 92B.02) a widower, widowed: 矜寡 widows and widowers;
矜夫 a widower.

V.i.1 & adj. (1) Taking pride in oneself, proud: 驕矜 show pride, pround and boastful;
自矜其能 boast of oneself;
矜誇 jin-kua↓;
矜貴 think much of (oneself, others);
矜功 be puffed up with one’s own services to the country.
(2) Showing self-respect, acting with dingity: 矜持 jin-chyr, 矜矜 jin-jin, 矜重 jin-juhng, 矜式 jin-shyh↓.

Words 1. 矜持 jin-chyr, v.i., (1) to affect, put on airs;
2. 矜持 jin-chyr, v.i., (2) show embarrassment, behave awkwardly.
3. 矜全 jin-chyuarn, v.t., commiserate and help.
4. 矜矜 jin-jin, adj., (AC) longing.
5. 矜重 jin-juhng, v.i., act with dignity, show self-respect.
6. 矜誇 jin-kua, v.i., brag, bluster, show off.
7. 矜惜 jin-shir, v.t., feel pity for, take pity on.
8. 矜式 jin-shyh, n., model: 足為矜式 worthy of emulation;
9. 矜式 jin-shyh, n., v.t., to look up to: 有所矜式 have s.o. to serve as a model
10. 矜恤 jin-shyuh, v.t., sympathize with, take pity on (orphan).

孺 Num. Index: 32S.42-3 rur (also ruh ).

N. (1) A child: 孺子 rur-tzyy↓;
孺齒 milk (baby) teeth;
婦孺 women and children.
(2) A blood relation: 孺人 rur-rern↓.

Adj. Affectionate, loving: 和樂且孺 (AC) happy and innocent;
孺慕 have an affectionate attachment for s.o.;
孺愛 filial love.

Words 1. 孺人 rur-rern, n., (LL) wife;
2. 孺人 rur-rern, n., a scholar’s wife.
3. 孺子 rur-tzyy, n., (1) children in gen. 孺子可教也 that’s a good boy! (paternalistic praise for a promising young man);
4. 孺子 rur-tzyy, n., (2) (AC) concubines of the nobility;
5. 孺子 rur-tzyy, n., (3) (AC) the eldest heir.

務 Num. Index: 32S.50-9 wuh .

N. (1) Affaris, business: 事務 affairs in gen.;
職務 duties;
公務 office business, opp. 私務 private business;
校務 school affairs;
政務 political business, administrative duties;
服務 n. & v.i., service;
債務 debts;
業務 business affairs, professional business;
庶務 business (department);
總務 gen. management.
(2) (Suhng Dyn.) tax bureau: 市易務.

Vb. aux. Must, should: 務必，務須 wuh-bih, wuh-shyu↓;
務得 so that (＋vb. or adj.): 務得妥當 so that it will be in order;
務使 so as to make it (attractive, neat), or so that.

V.t. (1) To lay emphasis on, to be concerned with, to concentrate on: 務正，務本 wuh-jehng, wuh-been↓;
不務正業 does not attend to own main profession.
(2) To take as profession: 務農 be a farmer;
務醫 be a doctor.
(3) To try to be (＋adj.): 務新奇 strive for novelty;
務實 try to be practical;
務全 to seek after perfection, completeness.

Words 1. 務本 wuh-been, v.i., concentrate on the essentials, on the foundation.
2. 務必 wuh-bih, v.b. aux., must, should (return on time, etc.).
3. 務求 wuh-chiour, v.i., strive to or for.
4. 務正 wuh-jehng, v.i., attend to proper business;
5. 務正 wuh-jehng, v.i., attend to moral conduct.
6. 務須 wuh-shyu, vb. aux., must, should, see wuh-bih↑.

鷸 Num. Index: 32S.50-9 yuh .

N. The crane: 鷸蚌相爭 fable of the crane and the mother-of -pearl in a fight to death, to the benefit of the fisherman.

□ Num. Index: 32S.50-9 chyuahn . [Abbr. of 勸 20S.50]

□ Num. Index: 32S.50-9 ji . [Abbr. of 雞 90S.11]

孔 Num. Index: 32S.70-2 kuung .

N. (1) A hole, an opening: 耳孔，鼻孔 the ear, the nose or nostril;
穿孔 drill or thread through a hole;
孔竅，孔穴 kuung-chiauh, kuung-shyueh↓.
(2) A surname.

Adv. (AC) very: 孔多 very many;
孔碩 very big (stature), huge, immense;
孔急，孔殷 most urgent.

Words 1. 孔竅 kuung-chiauh, n., a crevice, an opening (in wall, organ, etc.).
2. 孔雀 kuung-chyueh, n., the peacock;
3. 孔雀 kuung-chyueh, n., 孔雀石 (geol.) malachite.
4. 孔道 kuung-dauh, n., (1) teachings of Confucius;
5. 孔道 kuung-dauh, n., (2) thoroughfare.
6. 孔方兄 kuung-fang-shyung, n., (sl.) money (from anc. coin with a square hole).
7. 孔懷 kuung-huair, n., (AC) 兄弟孔懷 the brothers think very much of each other, hence (LL) n., brothers.
8. 孔教 Kuung-jiauh, n., Confucianism.
9. 孔孟 Kuung-Mehng, phr., Confucius and Mencius, oft. used as a phr. denoting Confucianism.
10. 孔廟 Kuung-miauh, n., Confucian temple.
11. 孔目 kuung-muh, n., (MC) secretary in charge of official documents.
12. 孔穴 kuung-shyueh, n., opening, hole;
13. 孔穴 kuung-shyueh, n., the openings in the human bodily system.
14. 孔子 Kurng-tzyy, n., Confucius (from 孔夫子, Master Kung).

疏 Num. Index: 32S.70-6 shu (also su ; *shuh ).

N. (1) (*shuh) Memorandum to emperor: 上疏 send memorandum.
(2) (*shuh or shu) Commentary on earlier commentary: 注疏 commentary and further commentary by later scholar.
(3) A surname.

V.i. & t. (1) To clear, dredge (river bed): 疏導，疏通，疏濬 shu-dauh, shu-tung, shu-jyuhn↓.
(2) To disperse: 疏散 shu-sahn↓;
疏財仗義 disburse money in public cause.

Adj. (Interch. 𡸷 32S.01) (1) Scattered, far apart, distant: 疏星 scattered (few) stars;
疏網 a loose net;
疏髮 thin hair;
親疏 close and distant relatives;
久疏音問 have been negligent in correspondence;
疏遠 shu-yuaan↓.
(2) Raw, crude: 疏食，疏糲 (also 蔬) coarse food, shu-shyr, shu-lih↓;
才疏學淺 (self-deprecation) I am crude and unlearned.
(3) Negligent, careless, inadequate (in plan, duty, attention): 疏忽，疏略，疏慢 shu-hu, shu-lyueh, shu-mahn↓;
疏虞，疏失 shu-yur, shy-shy↓.

Words 1. 疏宕 shu-dahng, adj., untrammeled, unconventional (character, spirit).
2. 疏導 shu-dauh, v.t., to dredge (river), to channel water into course.
3. 疏放 shu-fahng, adj., see shu-dahng↑.
4. 疏忽 shu-hu, (1) adj., careless, negligent;
5. 疏忽 shu-hu, (2) n., an oversight, small mistake;
6. 疏忽 shu-hu, (3) v.t., to neglect (person, duty).
7. 疏濬 shu-jyuhn, v.t., to dredge (river).
8. 疏狂 shu-kuarng, adj., see shu-dahng, shu-fahng↑.
9. 疏𡚸 shu-kuoh, adj., (1) cool (relationship), negligent in correspondence, long separated;
10. 疏𡚸 shu-kuoh, adj., (2) not cogent (reasoning).
11. 疏懶 shu-laan, adj., negligent, indolent (in duty).
12. 疏朗 shu-lahng, adj., bright (weather, room).
13. 疏糲 shu-lih, n., crude repast.
14. 疏理 shu-lii, v.t., put to order, disentangle (confused situation).
15. 疏落 shu-luoh, adj., thin, scattered (population, leaves).
16. 疏略 shu-lyueh, adj., inadequate, sketchy (report).
17. 疏慢 shu-mahn, adj., see shu-hu.
18. 疏散 shu-sahn, v.i. & t., (1) to disperse (population, crowded area), relieve (congestion);
19. 疏散 shu-sahn, v.i. & t., (2) relax by taking stroll.
20. 疏神 shu-shern, v.i., to relax the mind.
21. 疏懈 shu-shieh, adj., see shu-laan↑.
22. 疏率 shu-shuaih, adj., careless, untrammeled, incautious.
23. 疏失 shu-shy, n., slight mistake, oversight.
24. 疏食 shu-shyr, n., a coarse meal.
25. 疏鬆 shu-sung, adj., puffy (hair, cake).
26. 疏頭 shu-tour, n., (AC) a sacrificial prayer to the dead.
27. 疏材 shu-tsair, n., (self-deprecative) my unworthy ability.
28. 疏辭 *shuh-tsyr, n., see shuh-tour↑.
29. 疏通 shu-tung, (1) v.t., (a) to dredge (water course), (b) to remove misunderstandings, spec. to speak for s.o.: 向他疏通一下 please speak for me to s.o.;
30. 疏通 shu-tung, (2) adj., 疏通知遠 (AC) showing deep penetration and foresight.
31. 疏宗 shu-tzung, n., a distantly related clan.
32. 疏鑿 shu-tzuoh, v.t., to cut through (tunnel).
33. 疏外 shu-waih, v.t., (LL) see shu-yuaan↓.
34. 疏野 shu-yee, adj., raw, crude (person).
35. 疏遠 shu-yuaan (shu-’yuan), (1) adj., distant, not in close touch;
36. 疏遠 shu-yuaan (shu-’yuan), (2) v.t., to neglect (person), keep at distance.
37. 疏虞 shu-yur, n., see shu-shy↑.

氄 Num. Index: 32S.70-9 ruung .

N. Down, fine hair: 氄毛兒 fine soft hair;
氄刺 fine fish bones.

Adj. Fine, soft: 頭髮發氄 the hair is fine and soft.

□ Num. Index: 32S.71-7 shih . [Abbr. of 戲 21S.71]

戤 Num. Index: 32S.71-7 gaih .

V.t. (1) (Commerce) counterfeit: 戤牌 a counterfeit trademark.
(2) To pawn.

預 Num. Index: 32S.80-3 yuh .

V.i. & t. To take part in: 參預 take part in planning (celebration, revolt);
干預 interfere in or with affair.

Adv. Oft. used as prefix meaning “previously” or “beforehand,”like Eng. “pre-”: 預備，預算，預約 yuh-beih, yuh-suahn, yuh-yue↓.

Words 1. 預報 yuh-bauh, n. & v.t., warning, report of coming events;
2. 預報 yuh-bauh, n. & v.t., 天氣預報 weather forecast.
3. 預備 yuh-beih(yuh-’bei), v.i. & n., prepare, -ration.
4. 預卜 yuh-buu, v.i., to foretell.
5. 預期 yuh-chir, v.t., to expect, see yuh-liauh↓.
6. 預定 yuh-dihng, v.i., to reserve (seats, date for party);
7. 預定 yuh-dihng, v.i., prepare beforehand.
8. 預防 yuh-farng, v.i. & t., to prevent, provide against (accident, forgery).
9. 預付 yuh-fuh, v.t., to prepay, pay in advance.
10. 預告 yuh-gauh, n., notice of coming events;
11. 預告 yuh-gauh, n., legal notice, advance notice.
12. 預兆 yuh-jauh, n., an omen.
13. 預計 yuh-jih, v.t. & n., reckon in advance.
14. 預支 yuh-jy¹, n. & v.i., advance payment.
15. 預知 yuh-jy², v.i. & t., predict (the future), foretell.
16. 預科 yuh-ke, n., preparatory school.
17. 預料 yuh-liauh, v.t. & n., predict, -ion, expect, -ation: 出了預料 unexpected.
18. 預謀 yuh-mour, phr., take part in plan or conspiracy.
19. 預賽 yuh-saih, n., preliminary contest.
20. 預先 yuh-shian, adv., (tell, warn, prepare) beforehand.
21. 預習 yuh-shir, n., preparatory training.
22. 預選 yuh-shyuaan, n., preliminary or primary election.
23. 預算 yuh-suahn, n., budget.
24. 預測 yuh-tseh, v.i. & t., to calculate the future, to predict.
25. 預演 yuh-yaan, n., rehearsal.
26. 預言 yuh-yarn, n., a prophecy;
27. 預言 yuh-yarn, v.i., to prophesize;
28. 預言 yuh-yarn, n., 預言家 yuh-yarn-jia, n., a prophet, one who foretells.
29. 預約 yuh-yue, n. & v.i., (1) (make) previous engagement;
30. 預約 yuh-yue, n. & v.i., (2) advance subscription or sale.

顙 Num. Index: 32S.80-3 saang .

N. (AC) the forehead, the brow: 稽顙 to kowtow.

孩 Num. Index: 32S.81-6 hair .

N. (hair-’l, hair-tz) A child: 男孩 a boy;
女孩 a girl;
小孩 children in gen.;
嬰孩 a baby;
see 孩兒 hair-er-’l↓.

Words 1. 孩抱 hair-bauh, n., stage of infancy yet unable to walk.
2. 孩氣 hair-chih, n., as in 孩子氣 childishness, childish fun.
3. 孩兒 hair-er’l, n., my child (spoken by parents);
4. 孩兒 hair-er’l, n., your child (sons’s and daughters’ self-reference speaking to parents).
5. 孩提 hair-tir, n., stage of infancy, toddling stage.
6. 孩童 hair-turng, n., children.

□ Num. Index: 32S.81-9 huan . [Abbr. of 歡 20S.81]

敪 Num. Index: 32S.82-2 duor .

V.i. See 敁^敪 21S.82.

□ Num. Index: 32S.82-3 shuang . [Abbr. of 雙 91.82]

孜 Num. Index: 32S.82-9 tzy .

Adj. & adv. Diligent(ly): 孜孜 tzy-tzy↓.

Words 1. 孜煎 tzy-jian, v.i., to worry, fret, grieve: 無事孜煎 to pine away for nothing.
2. 孜孜 tzy-tzy, adj., (1) diligent, industrious: 孜孜不倦 persevering, indefatigable, hard-working;
3. 孜孜 tzy-tzy, adj., 惟日孜孜 working hard day in and day out;
4. 孜孜 tzy-tzy, adj., (2) (＝吱吱 tz-tz) imitation of hissing sounds.

□ Num. Index: 32S.83-9 bo .

Adj. See 卡^□ 21A.22.

孤 Num. Index: 32S.83-9 gu .

N. (1) An orphan: 孤兒 gu-er’l↓;
孤哀子 gu-ai-tzyy↓;
撫孤 bring up the child of a deceased friend;
託孤 entrust child to a friend on deathbed.
(2) (AC) a high-ranking official: 三孤 the three deputies to the tutors of the crown prince.

Pron. (AC) (court.) my humble self, a term generally used by anc. prince or king: 孤王 I, your humble prince (cf. Eng. “we”);
孤家寡人 ditto, (facet.) an elderly bachelor;
稱孤道寡 address oneself as king (see 寡^人 62.50).

V.t. Show ingratitude to: 孤恩，孤負 gu-en, gu-’fuh↓.

Adj. (1) Lonely, solitary: 孤獨 gu-dur, 孤單 gu-dan, 孤另 gu-lihng, 孤立 gu-lih, 孤本 gu-been↓;
孤陋 gu-louh↓.
孤零零的 lonely and helpless;
孤苦 gu-kuu↓;
孤掌難鳴 helpless and without friendly support (“cannot clap with one hand”);
孤臣孽子 (Ac) a son born of a concubine and out of imperial favor, alos (LL) a supporter of a lost dynasty or cause;
孤城 a desrted or isolated city;
孤墳 a lone grave;
孤山 a lone hill;
小孤山 name of a hill in the middle of the Yangtze near Kiukiang.
(2) (Of persons or things) aloof, detached: 孤僻 gu-pih, 孤憤 gu-fehn, 孤芳 gu-fang, 孤峭 gu-chiauh↓;
孤雲野鶴 descriptive of the life of a carefree hermit (lit., “like a lone cloud or a wild crane”).

Words 1. 孤哀子 gu-ai-tzyy, n., a newly bereaved son (of both parents), a term generaly used in funeral notices.
2. 孤本 gu-been, n., as in 海內孤本 only extant copy of a rare book.
3. 孤標 gu-biau, adj., (1) (of persons) preeminent, distinguished, in looks or conduct;
4. 孤標 gu-biau, adj., (2) (of mountains) steep, rising high into the sky.
5. 孤峭 gu-chiauh, adj., (of persons) independent, aloof in temperament and character.
6. 孤單 gu-dan, adj., solitary, living alone.
7. 孤丁 gu-’ding, n., (1) a protuberance;
8. 孤丁 gu-’ding, n., (2) an unexpected de velopment or impediment;
9. 孤丁 gu-’ding, n., (3) (gambling) the entire stake, seegu-juh↓;
10. 孤丁 gu-’ding, n., (4) (gu-ding) a person all by himself.
11. 孤獨 gu-dur, adj., solitary, standing alone.
12. 孤恩 gu-en, v.i., to forget former favors, turn against benefactor.
13. 孤兒 gu-er-’l, n., an orphan: 孤兒寡婦 orphans and widows;
14. 孤兒 gu-er-’l, n., 孤兒院 an orphanage.
15. 孤芳 gu-fang, adj., as in 孤芳自賞 narcissistic;
16. 孤芳 gu-fang, adj., spurning publicity.
17. 孤憤 gu-fehn, adj., disillusioned with the world, championing an unpopular cause.
18. 孤負 gu-’fuh, v.i., be ungrateful to others;
19. 孤負 gu-’fuh, v.i., fail (a friend, one’s parents) (also wr. 辜^負 10.10).
20. 孤寡 gu-guaa, n., widows and orphans.
21. 孤拐 (兒) gu-’guai (gu-gua-’l), n., (1) the cheekbone;
22. 孤拐 (兒) gu-’guai (gu-gua-’l), n., (2) the ball of the foot.
23. 孤鬼 (兒) gu-guee-’l, n., (humorous) one who lives alone without family or companions (lit., “lonely ghost”).
24. 孤魂 gu-hurn, n., (1) a wandering soul;
25. 孤魂 gu-hurn, n., (2) one without family or friends.
26. 孤寂 gu-jir, adj., lonely.
27. 孤注 gu-juh, n., usu. in 孤注一擲 stake the whole amount, (fig.) make a last-ditch stand against the opponent with all one has.
28. 孤苦 gu-kuu, adj., alone and helpless;
29. 孤苦 gu-kuu, adj., 孤苦零丁.
30. 孤老 gu-laau, n., (1) an old man without children;
31. 孤老 gu-laau, n., (2)a woman’s paramour;
32. 孤老 gu-laau, n., a singsong artist’s protector.
33. 孤立 gu-lih, adj., isolated;
34. 孤立 gu-lih, adj., 孤立主義（者） isolationism (-ist).
35. 孤另 gu-lihng, adj., see gu-dan↑.
36. 孤陋 gu-louh, adj., uncultured: 孤陋寡聞 poorly read and ignorant (usu. self-deprecatory).
37. 孤鸞 gu-luarn, n., widower.
38. 孤露 gu-luh, n., (LL) an infant orphan.
39. 孤僻 gu-pih, adj., (1) holding oneself aloof, disinclined to associate with others;
40. 孤僻 gu-pih, adj., (2) (of localities) remote and not easily accessible.
41. 孤孀 gu-shuang, n., (1) a window and her orphaned child;
42. 孤孀 gu-shuang, n., (2) a widow.

呆 Num. Index: 40.01 air (also dai ). [Var. 獃 21S.81]

Adj. Stupid, dull: 痴呆 ditto;
呆瞪瞪 standing still without any expression;
呆若木雞 standing like a log;
呆况撒奸 of a calculating type behind a feigned appearance of docility;
呆笑 imbecile smile.

Words 1. 呆板 air-baan (dai-baan), adj., stupidly mechanical (interpretation etc.) doing things by the book.
2. 呆笨 air-behn (dai-behn), adj., stupid, awkward, slothful.
3. 呆帳 air-jahng, n., a bad debt (payment doubtful).
4. 呆僗 air-laur, n., (MC) stupid fellow.

饕 Num. Index: 40.02 tau .

Adj. Covetous, greedy.

Words 1. 饕餮 tau-tieh, n., a mythical figure, oft. found on anc. bronze vessels, representing greed, looking like gargoyle: 饕餮之徒 gluttons, greedy persons;
2. 饕餮 tau-tieh, n., name of anc. savage tribes.

單 Num. Index: 40.10 dan (*shahn , *charn ).

N. (1) List, bill (dan-tz, dan-’l): 名單 list of names;
菜單 menu;
清單 bill, invoice;
貨單 bill of lading;
提貨單，提單 packing list;
借單 I.O.U.
(2) Bed sheet: 宝單，被單.
(3) Brochure, handbill given out to publicity: 傳單.
(4) Monk’s sojourn at temple: 落單，掛單 register at certain temple.
(5) (*shahn) A surname.

Adj. (1) Single, simple (opp. complex): □單 ditto;
單數 odd number;
單日 on odd days;
單人獨 (匹) 馬 (go) single-handed;
單刀直入 speak up without beating about the bush, make simple, direct attack on subject;
單桅 single-masted;
單跪 kneel on one knee;
單擺 (phys.) simple pendulum.
(2) Thin (of clothing): 你的衣服太單了 your dress is too little for the weather;
單衫，襖 unlined jacket, opp.
夾 lined.
(3) Lone, lonely: 孤單 alone.

Adv. 單單 only: 單單你一個人 only you alone;
不單 not only.

Words 1. 單幫 dan-bang, phr., esp. in 跑單幫 (of petty businessman who) makes business trip on his own account.
2. 單本位制 dan-been-weih-jyh, n., single standard system of currency (gold or silver.)
3. 單比例 dan-bii-lih, n., simple equation, proportion.
4. 單薄 dan-bor, adj., meager, weak: 身子很單薄 body is weak (from illness).
5. 單純 dan-churn, adj., pure, simple, unmixed.
6. 單單 dan-dan, adv., olny.
7. 單掉兒 dan-diau-’l, adj., (of one who) plays a lone hand.
8. 單調 dan-diauh, adj., monotonous.
9. 單丁 dan-ding, n., one without brothers, only son.
10. 單獨 dan-dur, adj. & adv., alone: 單獨一個人 a man alone.
11. 單方 dan-fang, n. & adj., one side (-sided).
12. 單軌 dan-gueei, n. & adj., single track: 單軌鐵路 monorail.
13. 單果 dan-guoo, n., (bot.) simple fruit.
14. 單靜 dan-jihng, adj., (of family simple and quiet (not too many-in-laws).
15. 單據 dan-juh, n., voucher, supporting document, bill.
16. 單兒 da-’l, n., any bill, list, also da-’tz.
17. 單戀 dan-liahn, n., one-sided, unrequited love.
18. 單利 dan-lih, n., simple interest.
19. 單身 (漢) dan-shen(hahn), n., bachelor.
20. 單相電流 dan-shiahng-diahn-liour, n., single-phase current.
21. 單相思 dan-shiang-sy, phr., one-sided love.
22. 單細胞 dan-shih-bau, adj., unicellular.
23. 單行本 dan-shirng-been, n., a volume sold by itself, not by set.
24. 單行法 dan-shirng-faa, n., law or regulation applying to only one province or area.
25. 單行道 dan-shirng-tauh, n., (street sign) one-way traffic.
26. 單式 dan-shyh, n., blank form.
27. 單子 dan-tz, n., any printed sheet;
28. 單子 dan-tz, n., any printed sheet;
29. 單子 dan-tz, n., prescription;
30. 單子 dan-tz, n., bed sheet.
31. 單字 dan-tzhy, n., whole character, individual characters;
32. 單字 dan-tzhy, n., new words to be learned.
33. 單位 dan-weih, n., unit (of organization, measurement).
34. 單葉 dan-yeh, n., (bot.) single leaf.
35. 單一 dan-yi, adj., one, only one;
36. 單一 dan-yi, adj., 單一神教 n., monotheism.
37. 單音節 dan-yin-jier, adj., monosyllabic.
38. 單元 dan-yuarn, adj., of one origin;
39. 單元 dan-yuarn, adj., 單元論 monism, monistic (universe).
40. 單于 *charn-yur, n., a Mongolian chieftain, Khan.

斝 Num. Index: 40.10 jiaa .

N. An anc. wine cup.

呈 Num. Index: 40.11 cherng .

N. (cherng-tz, ’l) A petition, a letter to superior: 呈文 cherng-wern↓;
辭呈 a letter of resignation;
簽呈 a signed petition.

V.i. & t. (1) To appear: 呈現 cherng-shiahn¹↓.
(2) V.t., to show: 呈露 cherng-luh↓;
呈出笑容 show a smiling face;
呈祥，呈瑞 to show lucky omens.
(3) To petition, present or communicate to superior: 呈報，呈明 cherng-bauh, cherng-mirng↓;
呈請 cherng-chiing↓;
呈閱 to present for perusal;
呈獻 cherng-shiahn²↓;
呈堂 s.t. presented at court hearing;
呈堂證物 court exhibit (law).

Words 1. 呈報 cherng-bauh, v.i., to report to superior.
2. 呈請 cherng-chiing, v.i., to request offcially.
3. 呈遞 cherng-dih, v.t., to present to: 呈遞國書 (foreign envoy) presents credential (to the chief of state).
4. 呈露 cherng-luh, v.i. & t., to reveal, show (flaws, uncertainty, etc.).
5. 呈明 cherng-mirng, v.i., to explain officially.
6. 呈現 cherng-shiahn¹, v.i. & t., see cherng-luh↑.
7. 呈獻 cherng-shiahn², v.i. & t., to present offering.
8. 呈文 cherng-wern, n., an official petition, a memorandum to superior.

喦 Num. Index: 40.21 yarn . [Var. of 巖 21.82]

吊 Num. Index: 40.22 diauh (*dih .) [Pop. of 弔 50.22]

口 Num. Index: 40.40 koou .

N. adjunct. 一口刀，劍，水缸 one knife, sword, water jar;
mouthful: 扒幾口飯 take a few mouthfuls (“bites”) of rice;
喝一口水 have one drink of water;
一口氣 one breath;
一家三口 see N.2↓.

N. (1) The mouth: 開口 open mouth, break silence;
不敢開口 dare not say anything;
開口得罪人 offend people every time one speak;
閉口 (無言) shut up, refrain from speaking;
口口聲聲 repeatedly (declare, etc.);
口說無憑 verbal promise is not enough;
利口，口若縣河 a great talker, make a torrent of words;
口拙 not good at expressing oneself;
口蜜腹劍 honey words and a dastardly heart;
口是心非 false words, pretense;
口誅筆伐 denounce by spoken word and writing;
口授 teach by word of mouth, dictate;
口講指畫 gesticulate;
口渴，口乾 thirsty;
出口成章 talk beautifully, a good impromptu talker;
衝口而出 say without thinking, blurt out;
破口大罵 denounce openly;
可口，爽口 good to eat;
口腔，口味 koou-chiang, koou-weih↓.
(2) (Also as n. adjunct) number of persons: 人口，戶口 population;
五口之家 a family of five (“with five mouths” to feed);
大小口 the young and old counted together;
倆口子 husband and wife, the two in the family;
老倆口兒 the old couple;
計口授田 allot land according to number of persons in the family;
牲口 domestic animals, cattle, etc.
(3) Open end: 刀口 edge of knife;
槍口，砲口 gun muzzle;
碗口 rim of bowl.
(4) Entrance, gate, opening: 出口，入口 exit, entrance;
關口，卡口 customs station;
隘口 entrance ot gully;
河口 river mouth;
海口 seaport;
窗口，門口 outside of window, doorway;
傷口 opening of wound;
缺口 crack (in utensil);
口子 a crack.
(5) A surname.

Words 1. 口岸 koou-ahn, n., seaport, river port.
2. 口碑 koou-bei, n., as in 有口皆碑 (of official) enjoy great popularity among the people, also popular impression, opinion or assessment.
3. 口磣 kour-cheen, adj., (MC) vulgar of speech.
4. 口沉 koou-chern, adj., liking food salty: 這個人真口沉 this man eats his food highly salty.
5. 口腔 koou-chiang, n., (1) mouth cavity;
6. 口腔 koou-chiang, n., (2) dialect accent.
7. 口強 koou-chiarng, adj., argumentative.
8. 口器 koou-chih¹, n., (zoo.) mouth organ.
9. 口氣 (兒) koou-chih² (koou-chieh-’l), n., the tone of voice (angry, boding evil, timid, etc.).
10. 口輕 koou-ching, adj., (1) eating food without too much seasoning;
11. 口輕 koou-ching, adj., (2) (of cattle) young.
12. 口琴 koou-chirn, n., harmonica.
13. 口臭 koou-chouh, n., halitosis.
14. 口傳 koou-chuarn, (1) n., hearsay;
15. 口傳 koou-chuarn, (2) v.t., transmit teaching by word of mouth.
16. 口齒 kour-chyy, n., ability to talk: 口齒伶俐 fluent of speech, a good talker;
17. 口齒 kour-chyy, n., 口齒不清 enunciation not clear.
18. 口袋 (兒) koou-’dai (koou-dah-’l), n., pocket in coat;
19. 口袋 (兒) koou-’dai (koou-dah-’l), n., a bag.
20. 口德 koou-der, n., virtue of not speaking evil of others.
21. 口笛 koou-dir, n., whistle.
22. 口腹 koou-fuh, n., as in 口腹之慾 desire for creature comforts, bodily desires (eating, drinking).
23. 口福 koou-fur, n., joy of eating, luck of having good food.
24. 口供 koou-guhng, n, affidavit.
25. 口過 koou-guoh, n., slip of the tongue, errors of speech.
26. 口號 koou-hauh, n., slogan;
27. 口號 koou-hauh, n., password, also see koou-lihng↓;
28. 口號 koou-hauh, n., (MC) song of eulogy at court ceremony.
29. 口惠 koou-hueih, n., empty promise without substance.
30. 口紅 koou-hurng, n., lipstick.
31. 口罩 (兒) koou-jauh(’l), n., antiseptic gauze worn over mouth and nose.
32. 口角 kour-jiaau, v.i. & n., (1) bickering, quarrel: 兩人口角 two persons quarrel;
33. 口角 kour-jiaau, v.i. & n., (2) corner of mouth;
34. 口角 kour-jiaau, v.i. & n., 口角春風 praise by word of mouth.
35. 口技 koou-jih, n., forms of entertainment by voice (ventriloquist, etc.).
36. 口徑 koou-jihng, n., diameter of opening.
37. 口吃 koou-jir, v.i. & adj., stutter, stuttering.
38. 口訣 koou-jyuer, n., formula for incantation;
39. 口訣 koou-jyuer, n., instructions in rhyme.
40. 口快 koou-kuaih, adj., careless of speech: 心直口快 saying what one thinks without much deliberation.
41. 口糧 koou-liarng, n., ration (for soldiers, groups).
42. 口令 koou-lihng (koou-’ling), n., (mil.) password;
43. 口令 koou-lihng (koou-’ling), n., shouted order.
44. 口蘑 koou-mor, n., a kind of mushroom grown outside the Great Wall (口外).
45. 口哨 koou-shauh, n., a whistle (吹口哨).
46. 口舌 koou-sher, n., argument;
47. 口舌 koou-sher, n., (koou-’sheh) dispute: 這事讓他知道了，又是一㪫口舌 if he knows it, it will cause another dispute.
48. 口香糖 koou-shiang-tarng, n., mint gum, chewing gum.
49. 口涎 koou-shiarn, n., saliva.
50. 口信 (兒) koou-shihn(koou-shieh-’l), n., message or word left or orally transmitted.
51. 口水 koou-shueei, n., saliva.
52. 口試 koou-shyh, n., oral examination.
53. 口實 koou-shyr, n., as in 授人以口實 give people basis for gossip.
54. 口條 koou-tiaur, n., (coll.) pig’s tongue, used as food.
55. 口頭 koou-tour, adj. & n., (1) oral communication, as opp. to written 口頭的話 s.t. said orally;
56. 口頭 koou-tour, adj. & n., 口頭交 (兒) nominal friend;
57. 口頭 koou-tour, adj. & n., 口頭禪 (koou-tour-charn), n., clich�, shibboleth;
58. 口頭 koou-tour, adj. & n., 口頭語 common idiom or phr.;
59. 口頭 koou-tour, adj. & n., (2) (koou-’tou), flavor, taste (of fruit, etc.).
60. 口才 koou-tsair, n., eloquence: 很有口才 is very eloquent.
61. 口外 koou-waih, n., outsiade the Great Wall.
62. 口吻 koou-ween, n., tone of speech (rather than the words actually said) revealing state of thinking.
63. 口味 (兒) koou-weih(koou-weh-’l), n., (1) flavor of food;
64. 口味 (兒) koou-weih(koou-weh-’l), n., (2) person’s inclinations in taste: 合他口味 just what he likes to eat;
65. 口味 (兒) koou-weih(koou-weh-’l), n., (fig.) what agrees with one’s taste (novel, political views, etc.).
66. 口音 koou-yin, n., pronunciation, (clear, unclear; foreign or dialect) accent: 湖北口音 Hupei accent.
67. 口語 koou-yuu, n., (1) vernacular speech: 文章口語化 to write as one speaks;
68. 口語 koou-yuu, n., (2) gossip.

□ Num. Index: 40.40 weir . [Anc. var. of 圍 41.41]

凸 Num. Index: 40.40 tur (*guu , *dier ).

V.i. (*guu) To bulge, protrude: 凸出來 (of eye, belly, forehead) bulge, protrude;
凸嘴凹鼻 protruding lips and snub nose.

Adj. (tur) Convex, opp. of 凹 concave: 凸凹不平 rough, uneven in surface;
凸凹的 ditto;
凸紋，凸花 raised carving or design.

Words 1. 凸版 tur-baan, n., positive plate engraving.
2. 凸出 guu-chu, adj., bulging out.
3. 凸鏡 tur-jihng, n., convex mirror.
4. 凸透鏡 tur-touh-jihng, n., convex lens.

凹 Num. Index: 40.40 au (also *wah , *yau ).

Adj. Concave (surface), hollow, depressed: 凸凹 convex and concave;
凹地，凹處 au-dih, au-chuh↓ (related 窪 62C.11).

Words 1. 凹版 au-baan, n., a die cut with designs or characters in intaglio.
2. 凹處 au-chuh, n., hollow place, depression.
3. 凹地 au-dih, n., hollow ground.
4. 凹鏡 au-jihng, n., a concave mirror.
5. 凹心臉兒 *au-shin-liaa-’l, n., a face hollow below the cheekbones.
6. 凹透鏡 au-touh-jihng, n., concave lens.
7. 凹𡌺兒 *wah-yaur-’l, n., a depression on a plane or surface.

呂 Num. Index: 40.40 lyuu .

N. (1) A surname.
(2)Name of a music pith: 律呂 the musical scale, see 律^呂 91B.10.

Words 1. 呂宋 Lyuu-suhng, n., te philippines, Manila;
2. 呂宋 Lyuu-suhng, n., 呂宋孼 Manila cigar or tobacco;
3. 呂宋 Lyuu-suhng, n., 呂宋草帽 Manila straw hat.

品 Num. Index: 40.40

N. (1) Rank, grade;
one of nine ranks (九品) of officials in empire days, 一品 being highest and 九品 lowest;
grading of painters, writers in anc. books (詩品，畫品).
(2) Common term for article, product, quality: 物品 different products;
佳品，劣品 good, inferior products;
產品 products;
贈品 gifts;
食品 eatables;
化妝品 cosmetics, etc.
(3) Moral character: 人品 personal character;
品性，品貌，品學 piin-shihng², piin-mauh, piin-shyuer↓.

V.t. (1) To criticize, judge, grade: 品鑑，品評 piin-jiahn, piin-pirng↓;
日子一長，可以品出他的性格來 after living with a person, you find out his character.
(2) to sample, taste: 品茶 (茗) drink tea critically;
品嘗 piin-charng↓;
你品品這塊肉 try to taste this meat.
(3) To play the flute: 品簫.

Words 1. 品嘗 piin-charng, v.i. & t., to taste (flavor) critically.
2. 品第 piin-dih, v.t., to judge and grade;
3. 品第 piin-dih, n., grade.
4. 品服 piin-fur, n., formerly, offcial costume (marking rank).
5. 品格 piin-ger, n., character of person: 品格高雅，不高 high, low character (of person, painting).
6. 品官 piin-guan, n., formerly, official of rank.
7. 品紅 piin-hurng, n., a dyestuff, rosaniline chloride.
8. 品鑑 piin-jiahn, v.t., enjoy, examine critically (art works).
9. 品節 piin-jier, n., sense of honor;
10. 品節 piin-jier, n., (AC) etiquetter pertaining to rank.
11. 品級 (秩) piin-jir (piin-jyr), n., official rank.
12. 品質 piin-jy, quality (of product).
13. 品藍 piin-larn, n. & adj., bluish purple.
14. 品類 piin-leih, n., variety of things;
15. 品類 piin-leih, n., category.
16. 品綠 piin-lyuh, n. & adj., light green.
17. 品貌 piin-mauh, n., personal appearance;
18. 品貌 piin-mauh, n., character and looks.
19. 品評 piin-pirng, v.t., criticize, evaluate: 品評人物 criticize people (not in a good sense).
20. 品行 piin-shihng¹, n., personal conduct: 品行端正 upright conduct.
21. 品性 piin-shihng², n., temper, individual character (peaceable, irascible, etc.).
22. 品學 piin-shyuer, n., personal character and scholarship: 品學兼優 good both in character and scholarship.
23. 品胎 piin-tai, n., triplet babies.
24. 品題 piin-tir, n. & v.t., comments usu. wr. on paintings, volumes;
25. 品題 piin-tir, n. & v.t., to write such comments, usu. favorable.
26. 品脫 piin-tuo, n., (translit.) pint, a liquid measure.
27. 品藻 piin-tzaau, v.t., evaluate art works, persons.
28. 品味 piin-weih¹, v.t., taste flavour;
29. 品味 piin-weih¹, n., tasty, well-prepared food.
30. 品位 piin-weih², n., personal status.
31. 品月 piin-yueh, n. & adj., moonstone color, pale blue.

碞 Num. Index: 40.40 yarn . [Cogn. 巖]

器 Num. Index: 40.40 chih . [Pop. □]

N. (1) Vessel, utensil, ware: 器具，器皿 chih-jyuh, chih-miin↓;
器物，用器 utensils, appliance;
武器，兵器 arms, weapons;
陶器 earthenware, pottery;
瓷器 chinaware;
樂器 musical instrument;
電器 electrical appliances;
儀器 scientific apparatus.
(2) Measure of a man’s usefulness, talent, capability or stature: 器量，器宇 chih-liahng, chih-yuu↓ (oft. interch. 氣 92.70);
大器晚成 a great talent takes time to mature;
各以其器使之 (AC) use each one according to his talent;
不能成大器 cannot amount too much in life;
玉不琢，不成器 jade requires chiselling—as man needs training and discipline.

V.t. To employ or restect (s.o.) for his talent, ability: 器重 chih-juhng↓;
器使，器任 to employ according to talent.

Words 1. 器官 chih-guan, n., (physiol.) organ.
2. 器重 chih-juhng, v.t., to regard highly, depend on (one) for his ability.
3. 器質 chih-jyr, n., quality and talent (for special work).
4. 器具 chih-jyuh, n., appliances, furniture;
5. 器具 chih-jyuh, n., apparatus.
6. 器局 chih-jyur, n., gen. ability (as manager, etc.).
7. 器類 chih-leih, n., quality (good, bad).
8. 器量 chih-liahng, n., a man’s heart (big, mean).
9. 器皿 chih-miin, n., kitchenware (bowls and trays, etc.), utensils.
10. 器械 chih-shieh, n., apparatus;
11. 器械 chih-shieh, n., military weapons;
12. 器械 chih-shieh, n., 器械體操 physical exercise with dumbbells, etc.
13. 器識 chih-shyh, n., a man’s breath of mind and judament.
14. 器樂 chih-yueh, n., instrumental music.
15. 器宇 chih-yuu, n., a man’s stature and gen. impression (of high order.).

嚚 Num. Index: 40.40 yirn .

Adj. (AC) (1) Argumentative, talkative: 嚚訟 ditto (related 斷 21S.22).
(2) U.f. 瘖，喑 mute, inarticulate.

囂 Num. Index: 40.40 shiau .

Adj. Noisy, loud: 甚囂塵上 (news, rumor) makes a great noise, sensational;
囂謗 uproar or protest or criticism;
囂風 strident, contentious criticism.

Words 1. 囂塵 shiau-chern, adj., tumultuous, in a turmoil;
2. 囂塵 shiau-chern, adj., din.
3. 囂浮 shiau-fur, adj., blatant, superficial.
4. 囂張 shiau-jang, adj., blatant.
5. 囂競 shiau-jihng, adj., making fanfare, clamor of contention.
6. 囂然 shiau-rarn, adj., hungry.
7. 囂囂 shiau-shiau, adj., (1) (AC) like a babel of confusion;
8. 囂囂 shiau-shiau, adj., (2) (AC) detached and self-contented.

□ Num. Index: 40.41 bii . [Anc. var. of 鄙; var. of 圖]

另 Num. Index: 40.50 lihng .

Adj. & adv. Another, other, some other (denoting s.t. besides what is already known or discussed): 那是另一回事 that is another mater;
另日 another day;
另有他故 there must be some other reasons;
另做打算，另打主意 make some other plans, seek some other ways;
另起爐□ start all over again, make new plans;
另請高明 find some better person than myself (refusal);
另函 in separate letter, write separately;
另眼看待 look upon (person) with special respect, fondness.

Words 1. 另外 lihng-waih, adj. & adv., separate, separtely, some other: 另有一件事 there is another matter (to be done, discussed);
2. 另外 lihng-waih, adj. & adv., 另外有個愛人 have another sweetheart;
3. 另外 lihng-waih, adj. & adv., 另外有事 be otherwise occupied.

□ Num. Index: 40.50 hauh . [Var. of 號]

𥇦 Num. Index: 40.50 mah . [Pop. form of 罵 41D.50]

鷺 Num. Index: 40.50 luh .

Words 1. 鷺鷥 luh-sy, n., (zoo.) the egret.

喣 Num. Index: 40.63 shyuu . [Var. of 煦 41.63]

兄 Num. Index: 40.70 shyung .

N. (1) Elder brother.
(2) Used socially somewhat like “friedd,” irrespective of age: 老兄 (familiar) my old friend, you: 老兄到那兒去呢 where are you going, old fellow? attached to personal name, a court. address among friedds: 文德兄 (文德 being personal name);
仁兄 (LL) address in letter opening to a man like “dear so-and-so’
學兄 court. address among fellow students;
道兄 address in letters to a scholar or person of high position;
宗兄 address to one of same clan name;
尊兄 somewhat equiv. “my esteemed friend”;
世兄 court. address to one of lower generation in friend’s family (賢弟，仁弟 usu. reserved for one’s student).

Words 1. 兄弟 shyung-dih, n., (1) brothers: 兄弟之國 allied states, usu. related by royal marriage;
2. 兄弟 shyung-dih, n., (2) (shyung-’di) (a) my younger brother;
3. 兄弟 shyung-dih, n., (b) a younger person of same generation;
4. 兄弟 shyung-dih, n., (c) a usu. polite term “I (myself)”: 兄弟不敢推辭 your younger brother (i. e., I) dare not decline;
5. 兄弟 shyung-dih, n., used also in public address meaning “I.”
6. 兄長 shyung-jaang, n., address to older person;
7. 兄長 shyung-jaang, n., a senior person.
8. 兄臺 (usu. 兄台) shyung-tair, n., (in letters to a man, court.) you: 兄台何時來臺 when are you coming to Taiwan?

邑 Num. Index: 40.70 yih .

N. (1) (AC) city-state.
(2) Town, township: 城邑 city (esp. with regard to walls and defense).

Words 1. 邑人 yih-rern, n., (LL) townspeople.
2. 邑宰 yih-tzaai, n., (LL) town chief or city magistrate.
3. 邑尊 yih-tzun, n., ditto.
4. 邑子 yih-tzyy, n., (AC) townspeople, see yih-rern↑.

□ Num. Index: 40.70 miin . [Abbr. of 黽 42.70]

兕 Num. Index: 40.70 syh .

N. Male rhinoceros: 兕觥 wine cup made from rhinoceros horn.

咒 Num. Index: 40.70 jouh .

N. (1) Incantations;
magic formula for exorcizing demons: 畫符念咒 (of Taoists) draw magic characters and make incantations;
咒水 magic water, i.e., plain water with Taoist-scribbled paper, served to cure stomach-ache, etc.
(2) A curse, an oath.

V.i. & t. To curse: 咒人 curse a person;
咒他死 to damn a person, to curse him to death.

Words 1. 咒罵 jouh-mah, v.i. & t., curse and swear (at person).
2. 咒詛 jouh-tzuu, v.i. & t., see jouh-mah↑.
3. 咒願 jouh-yuahn, n. & v.i. & t., (take) an oath, pledge.
4. 咒語 jouh-yuu, n., magic formula;
5. 咒語 jouh-yuu, n., a curse.

鼉 Num. Index: 40.70 tuor .

N. A large reptile, also called 鼉龍.

Words 1. 鼉鼓 tuor-guu, n., drum made with tuor hide.

只 Num. Index: 40.80 jyy .

Fin. part. (AC) 母也天只，不諒人只 oh, mother! God! How is it he would not understand!

N. adjunct. (*jy) U.f. 隻 91.82, a piece: 一只戒指 a ring, etc.

Adv. An extremely commonly adv. forming many idioms: (1) Only: 只須，只要，只消 you only need to;
只該，只當，只合，只宜 should only (the only proper way to do is);
只有 there is only;
只能，只可 can only (let it go, etc.);
只得，只好 the only way is (to let it go);
只因 only because;
只不過 it’s only (a dog barking, etc.);
只此一次 only this once.
(2) Just, simply: 只管，只顧 go ahead without hesitation, be unconcerned with other things;
有話只管說 if you have anything to say, just say it;
只管念下去 kept reading on (although told to stop);
只想 just thinking.
(3) Used like “and,” without particular adverbial meaning: 他進來，只見一人站住 he came in and saw a man standing;
只聽一聲炮響 (and) heard a gunshot.

Conj. Except, but, however: 只是 except that, but (be would not consent, etc.);
只怕 only I am afraid, I suspect;
只恐 ditto;
只怕不在家 I suspect he is not at home.

Words 1. 只得 jyy-’de, adv., see Adv.1↑.
2. 只管 jyy-guaan, adv., see above, Adv.2.
3. 只顧 jyy-guh, adv., ditto.
4. 只好 jyr-haau, phr, see Adv.1↑.
5. 只今 jyr-jin, adv., now, at present.
6. 只怕 jyy-pah, conj., see Conj.↑.
7. 只是 jyy-shy(jyy-’shy), conj., see Conj.↑.
8. 只有 jyr-yoou, adv., only, there is only: 只有一人在家 there is only one person at home;
9. 只有 jyr-yoou, adv., 只有熟客 only familiar friends;
10. 只有 jyr-yoou, adv., see Adv.1↑.

員 Num. Index: 40.80 yuarn . [□ in lih callig.]

N. Person with definite duties, member of staff (oft. complim. as 生員 for 學生，僱員 for 僱人): 教員 teacher;
職員 staff member;
駕駛員pilot;
海員，船員 seaman;
打字員 typist;
委員 member of committee;
議員，眾議員 member of parliament, congressman;
參議員 senator;
會員，社員 society member;
團員 member of delegation;
運動員 athlete;
球員 ballplayer;
機員 mechanic;
辦事員 man in charge, clerk, etc.

Words 1. 員外 yuarn-waih, n., (1) formerly, ministry councillor;
2. 員外 yuarn-waih, n., (2) formerly, address of a rich land owner, etc., somewhat like “esquire.”

吳 Num. Index: 40.81 wur . [Pop. □]

N. (1) Name of anc. Wur kingdom in lower Yangtze area;
esp. of Wur (222-277 A.D.) in the Three kingdoms period;
吳鹽 salt of fine quality produced in 淮 Huair valley;
吳牛喘月 a Wur cow shivering before the moon—undue fear before s.t. rarely seen.
(2) a surname.

Words 1. 吳鉤 wur-gou, n., a decorative hook-shaped hanging.
2. 吳茱萸 wur-ju-yur, n., a spice plant, Evodia rutaecarpa.
3. 吳儂 wur-nurng, n., as in 吳儂軟語 the Shanghai soft dial. (esp. Soochow), known for using 儂 in place of 你 “you.”
4. 吳語 Wur-yuu, n., Shang-hai or Soochow dial.

哭 Num. Index: 40.81 ku .

V.i. Wail, weep aloud, cry (opp. 泣 cry silently): 大哭，放聲大哭 weep aloud;
哭哭啼啼 weep and sniffle;
抱頭大哭 fall upon one another’s shoulders and weep;
痛哭流涕 (LL) bewail;
crying bitterly: 哭爹哭娘 yell inordinately;
哭鬧 cry and scream;
哭求 beg with tears;
哭笑不得 one can neither cry nor laugh, in distress or impossible situation.

Words 1. 哭主 ku-juu, n., relative of victim in a murder case.
2. 哭喪 ku-sang, v.i., wail at funeral;
3. 哭喪 ku-sang, v.i., 哭喪棒 stick held for support by son in funeral procession;
4. 哭喪 ku-sang, v.i., 苦喪臉 (facet., derog.) extremely sad, unpleasant face, a mournful face.

嚴 Num. Index: 40.82 yarn .

N. (1) One’s own father: 家嚴 my father.
先嚴 my deceased father.
(2) A surname.

Adj. (1) Strict, stern, rigid (discipline), opp. 寬 loose, lax: 嚴格，嚴密 yarn-ger, yarn-mih↓;
戒嚴 impose curfew, martial law;
解嚴 lift curfew, martial law;
嚴師 a stern teacher.
(2) Solemn: 威嚴 dignity;
嚴肅 yarn-suh↓.
(3) Harsh, oppressive, severe (administration): 嚴冬 harsh winter;
嚴寒 yarn-harn↓;
嚴霜，嚴刑 yarn-shuang, yarn-shirng↓.

Words 1. 嚴親 yarn-chin, n., (LL) father.
2. 嚴惡 yarn-eh (yarn-’e), adj., harsh, severe (teacher, etc.).
3. 嚴父 yarn-fuh, n., (LL) father: 嚴父慈母 stern father, indulgent mother—pattern of parental love.
4. 嚴格 yarn-ger, adj., strict (examination, etc.): 嚴格的講 strictly speaking.
5. 嚴寒 yarn-harn, adj., severely cold.
6. 嚴整 yarn-jeeng, adj., orderly, neat, well-disciplined (troops).
7. 嚴正 yarn-jehng, adj., impartial, unyielding.
8. 嚴緊 yarn-jiin, adj., rigid, carefully guarded.
9. 嚴妝 yarn-juang, n., in formal attire.
10. 嚴重 yarn-juhng, adj., (1) serious, grave (situation);
11. 嚴重 yarn-juhng, adj., (2) (AC) inflexible, rigid, stern.
12. 嚴君 yarng-jyun, n., (LL) father.
13. 嚴苛 yarng-ke, adj., harsh (administration of law).
14. 嚴刻 yarn-keh, adj., harsh, exacting.
15. 嚴酷 yarn-kuh, adj., cruel, unrelenting.
16. 嚴冷 yarn-leeng, adj., severely cold;
17. 嚴冷 yarn-leeng, adj., cold in temperament.
18. 嚴厲 yarn-lih, adj., harsh, exacting, stern.
19. 嚴令 yarn-lihng, n., strict order;
20. 嚴令 yarn-lihng, v.t., strictly order.
21. 嚴密 yarn-mih (yarn-’mi), adj., stiff (rules);
22. 嚴密 yarn-mih (yarn-’mi), adj., carefully guarded (secret).
23. 嚴命 yarn-mihng, n., (1) a stern order;
24. 嚴命 yarn-mihng, n., (2) father’s command.
25. 嚴明 yarn-mirng, adj., stern and impartial (administration of law).
26. 嚴刑 yarn-shirng, n., harsh punishments;
27. 嚴刑 yarn-shirng, n., tortures;
28. 嚴刑 yarn-shirng, n., inflexible administration of justice.
29. 嚴霜 yarn-shuang, n., severe frost, symbolic of cold temperament: 冷若嚴霜.
30. 嚴師 yarn-shy, n., stern teacher, disciplinarian (traditionally in complim. sense).
31. 嚴肅 yarn-suh, adj., solemn (apperarance).
32. 嚴慈 yarn-tsyr, n. father (嚴) and mother (慈).

足 Num. Index: 40.83 tzur (*jyuh ).

N. (1) The lower limbs, the feet: 足跟 tzur-gen↓;
足𤂌 tzur-ji↓;
足不出戶 never leave one’s home (go abroad);
天足 women’s feet in their natural shape (not having been bound);
失足 a faux pas, a serious blunder, a moral transgression, a sin;
自首至足 from head to foot;
赤足 barefooted, feet without shoes.
(2) The legs (of chairs, tables, etc.): 鼎足 (lit.) the legs of a tripod, (fig.) division into three parts;
三足鼎 a tripod (a vessel with three legs).

Adj. & adv. (1) Enough, full(y), sufficient(ly), ample(ly): 足夠 tzur-gouh↓;
足能 fully (cap) able;
充足 ample, sufficient;
滿足 (be) satisfied, contented;
知足 ditto;
酒足飯飽 wined and dined to satiety;
豐足 abundant, plentiful;
心滿意足 (be) fully satisfied;
足吃足喝 have enough to eat and drink;
豐衣足食 well-clad and well-fed;
足食足兵 (of a country) well-provided with food and well-protected (from external attack);
足智多謀 clever and resourceful;
足有一年 fully one year;
不一而足 too many to enumerate;
無足掛齒 not worth mentioning, don’t mention it;
不足以當大事 unworthy of great responsibilities;
不足稱，不足道 not worthy, not worth mentioning;
何足怪 no wonder that … why wonder?
(2) (*jyuh) (AC) excessively: 足恭 *jyuh-gung↓.

Words 1. 足球 tzur-chiour, n., football (as a game).
2. 足赤 tzur-chyh, n., pure gold.
3. 足敷 tzur-fu, v.i. & adj., be ample (enough, sufficient).
4. 足跟 tzur-gen, n., the hells.
5. 足夠 tzur-gouh, v.i. & adj., (be) sufficient, enough.
6. 足恭 *jyuh-gung, adj., (AC) excessively polite, unnecessarily obsequious.
7. 足𤂌 tzur-ji, n., (1) footprints (also 腳印兒);
8. 足𤂌 tzur-ji, n., (2) places where one has been.
9. 足繭 tzur-jiaan, n., callus on feet.
10. 足見 tzur-jiahn, phr., it suffices to show;
11. 足金 tzur-jin, n., (＝足赤) tzur-chyh↑.
12. 足壯 tzur-juahng (tzur-’juang), adj., physically strong, robust, sturdy.
13. 足色 tzur-seh, adj., (of gold, silver) up to the standard purity.
14. 足下 tzur-shiah, pron., (LL) “you, sir,” term of respect oft. used in letters to friends or respected person: 足下意見如何 what is your opinion?
15. 足心 tzur-shin, n., the sole of the foot.
16. 足足 tzur-’tzu, adv., fully (one year, a hundred ounces).
17. 足紋 tzur-wern, n., ＝足銀 tzur-yirn↓.
18. 足以 tzur-yii, adj., good enough to: 他的𡈼動足以做學生們的模範 his conduct is good enough to serve as a model for the students;
19. 足以 tzur-yii, adj., 足以自豪 enough to make oneself proud.
20. 足銀 tzur-yirn, n., silver of standard purity.

逞 Num. Index: 40.83 cheeng .

V.t. (1) To rely upon, show overweening confidence in (force, violence, cleverness): 逞凶，逞強，逞蠻 cheeng-shyung, cheeng-chiarng, cheeng-marn↓.
(2) To brag, show off, give free play to (ability, skill, courage): 逞能，逞才 cheeng-nerng, cheeng-tsair↓.
(3) To follow (desires, wishes) without restraint: 逞願 cheeng-yuahn↓;
志不得逞 have one’s wish or ambition frustrated;
逞性 cheeng-shihng↓;
不逞之徒 the frustrated, unemployed people.
(4) To put up a false front: 逞著面子.

Words 1. 逞強 cheeng-chiarng, v.i., to strut about;
2. 逞強 cheeng-chiarng, v.i., rely on superior brute force.
3. 逞志 cheeng-jyh, v.i., succeed in having one’s way.
4. 逞蠻 cheeng-marn, v.i., see cheeng-chiarng↑.
5. 逞能 cheeng-nerng, v.i., rely on one’s cleverness.
6. 逞性 cheeng-shihng, v.i., act recklessly.
7. 逞心 cheeng-shin, v.i., do as one wishes and incautiously.
8. 逞凶 cheeng-shyung, v.i., see cheeng-chiarng↑.
9. 逞才 cheeng-tsair, v.i., to act in undue confidence of one’s own ability.
10. 逞願 cheeng-yuahn, v.i., to have one’s wish fulfilled.
11. 逞勇 cheeng-yuung, v.i., be reckless.

□ Num. Index: 40.93 suei . [Pop. of 雖 40S.11]

咑 Num. Index: 40A.00-1

Excl. (dah-dy-rrr) Sound made to urge donkey forward.

喇 Num. Index: 40A.00-1 laa .

Adv. A term used in describing sounds: 嘩喇 (-huah-’la) descriptive of thumping or crashing noise.

Words 1. 喇叭 laa-’ba, n., a trumpet;
2. 喇叭 laa-’ba, n., 喇叭管 n., (physiol.) oviduct, Fallopian tube (also 輸卵管);
3. 喇叭 laa-’ba, n., 伸縮喇叭 trombone;
4. 喇叭 laa-’ba, n., 喇叭蟲 laa’-ba-churng, n., (zoo.) stentor;
5. 喇叭 laa-’ba, n., 喇叭花 laa-’ba-hua, n., (bot.) morning-glory (also 牽牛花);
6. 喇叭 laa-’ba, n., 喇叭口 laa-’ba-koou, n., mouthpiece of a trumpet;
7. 喇叭 laa-’ba, n., anything with a wide opening at its end: 喇叭袖，喇叭褲 sleeves, trousers, broad at the end;
8. 喇叭 laa-’ba, n., bell-shaped pants.
9. 喇喇 lar-’la, v.i., drip;
10. 喇喇 lar-’la, v.i., adj., dripping.
11. 喇嘛 laa-’ma, n., (Tibetan Budd.) Lama;
12. 喇嘛 laa-’ma, n., 喇嘛教 Lamaism.

囀 Num. Index: 40A.00-1 juaan .

N. & v.i. Bird song, its trilling melody;
(fig.) 囀喉 trilling;
to trill.

哮 Num. Index: 40A.00-1 shiau .

V.i. (1) (Of lion) to roar;
to yell: 咆哮 to roar (as lions), to scream (as scolding woman);
吼哮 yell and cream.
(2) To cough: see 哮喘 shiau-chuaan↓.

Words 1. 哮喘 shiau-chuaan, n. & v.i., (med.) asthma, to cough and gasp for breath.

嚇 Num. Index: 40A.00-1 heh (sp. pr. *shiah ).

V.t. (1) To frighten, scare (s.o.): 嚇殺，嚇死 frighten to death.
(2) (*shiah) Be frightened: 嚇了一跳 get a fright.
(3) to threaten, intimidate.

Words 1. 嚇嚇 heh-heh, adj., ha! ha! (descriptive of laughter).
2. 嚇唬 *shiah-’hu, v.t., to give (person) a scare, intimidate.
3. 嚇殺 heh-sha, v.t., frighten to death.
4. 嚇阻 heh-tzuu, v.t., to stop (s.o.) by threat, to shout (at s.o.) to stop.

珕 Num. Index: 40A.00-2 huh .

Words 1. 珕爾 huh-ell, adv., with a shout: 珕爾而與之 (AC) give s.t. to s.o. with a yell of contempt.

叮 Num. Index: 40A.00-3 ding .

V.t. (1) Bite by insect: 被蚊子叮了一下 get a bite by a mosquito.
(2) To question or instruct repeatedly: 叮問 see compp.↓.

Words 1. 叮噹 ding-dang, adj., tinkling.
2. 叮囑 ding-juu, v.i., give repeated advice on departure.
3. 叮嚀 ding-lirng, v.i. & adv., give advice repeatedly: 叮嚀吩附.

吁 Num. Index: 40A.00-3 shyu .

Excl. Ah! (a sigh): 吁！是何言歟 (AC) my, what kind of talk is this?

V.i. To sigh: 長吁短歎 sigh and groan.

Adv. 喘吁吁 pant for breath.

呵 Num. Index: 40A.00-3 he (*o ).

V.i. & t. (1) To scold, shout: 呵責 he-tzer↓;
呵禁 to forbid, to cry “stop” as by guards.
(2) To warm (benumbed hands, etc.) by blowing breath: 呵手 to blow on hand;
呵凍 blow off the chill.
(3) 呵呵大笑 to roar with laughter (LL) for vern. 哈^哈大笑 40A.40.

Excl. (*oh) Ah! oh!: 呵，我忘記了 oh, I forgot! (cf. wr. 啊 pr. ah).

Words 1. 呵欠 he-chiahn, v.i., as in 打呵欠 to yawn.
2. 呵叱 he-chyh¹, v.i., to shout (at servants).
3. 呵斥 he-chyh², v.t., to reprimand angrily.
4. 呵導 he-dauh, V.i., (formerly, of escorts, guards) to shout at passengers to open way for coming official, hence 呵殿 (呵 lead in front and 殿 bring up the rear).
5. 呵喝 he-heh, v.i. & t., to shout, yell at (servants, etc.).
6. 呵護 he-huh, v.t., see 訶^護 60A.00.
7. 呵責 he-tzer, v.t., see he-chyh²↑.

咧 Num. Index: 40A.00-3 lie (*liee , *lier ).

V.i. (*liee) To crack open at one end: 咧嘴 open mouth slyly and barely:
咧開 crack from one side.

Words 1. 咧咧 (1) lie-’lie, V.i., (of children) blubber;
2. 咧咧 (2) *lier-’lie or lie-lie 罵罵咧咧 chatter.
3. 咧子 lie-tz, (1) n. & v.t., as in 罵咧子，拽咧子 to criticise s.o. behind his back;
4. 咧子 lie-tz, (2) v.t., to criticize: 咧子他兩句 said a word or two unfavorable about him.

啊 Num. Index: 40A.00-3 a (also wo ).

Fin. part. Used at end of phrase or sentence, addressing s.o.: 兒啊，我的兒啊 son, O my son! calling s.o. to do s.t.: 來啊 come! 走啊 let’s go! 上車啊 (get) on board! or merely prolonging an assertion: 是啊 it’s right, I say;
很不錯啊 it’s not half bad, you know;
(sometimes wr. 阿).

Excl. Used in exclamations with varying, indeterminate accent, like Eng. “Oh!” “ah!” “aha!” cf. similar excl. under 阿 a, ar, aa, ah;
喔 o, 哦 or;
嚄 oo;
□ ei;
欸 eei;
誒 eih;
哎，噯 ai, aai, aih! 恩 en!

Words 1. 啊哈 a-ha, excl., aha!
2. 啊呀 a-ya, excl., alas oh, my!
3. 啊唷 a-yo, excl., oh, my—a groan of pain;
4. 啊唷 a-yo, excl., an excl. expressing surprise, admirtion, oft. mixed with irony.

呀 Num. Index: 40A.00-5 ya (*shia ).

Fin. part. Used in emphasis: 是呀 it is true!

Adj. (1) Descriptive of creaking sounds: 咿呀 yi-ya;
嘔呀 ou-ya to make inarticulate noises;
also of children’s baby talk;
of sudden noise: 呀的一聲門開了 the door squeaks open.
(2) (*shia) (MC) descriptive of open mouth, gate.

Excl. Ah! (surprise, alarm);
哎呀 or 噯呀 aih-’ya, (Where y slips in on account of preceding final i) oh, my!

□ Num. Index: 40A.00-5 larn .

Words 1. □□ larn-laur, adj., (of speech) rambling and incoherent, unintelligible.

哼 Num. Index: 40A.00-6 heng (also hm !).

V.i. (1) To hum 哼幾句 huma few lines (of song).
(2) 哼哼哈哈的 “Yes, sir” type of person.
(3) 哼哼唧唧 to mumble, whisper, make inaudible sounds.

Excl. Indicating exasperation, a grunt or a growl: 哼！你也配嗎 Tut! do you think you are qualified?

哼� tun.

Num. Index: 啍啍

嚀 Num. Index: 40A.00-6 nirng .

V.i. & adv. See 叮^嚀 40A.00↑.

喻 Num. Index: 40A.00-8 yuh . [Usu. printed □ 40A.93]

N. (1) A surname.
(2) Example, analogy: 譬喻，比喻 for example, also a parable.

V.i. & t. (1) To explain, expound, persuade: 曉喻民眾 explain to the public;
喻以利害 explain the consequences of action;
勸喻 to explain and allay fear or anger;
不可以理喻 (s.t.) cannot be explained by reason, (person) not open to reason.
(2) To understand: 不言而諭 it goes without saying.

呼 Num. Index: 40A.00-9 hu .

N. A surname.

V.i. & t. (1) To exhale: 呼吸 hu-shi↓;
呼出一口氣 exhale a breath.
(2) To call (person): 呼名 call one by name or one is called;
稱呼 proper address to a person;
呼喚 hu-huahn↓;
呼醫生 call for a doctor;
呼天叫地 call to heaven and earth, to scream;
呼風喚雨 (Taoist magic) call for wind or rain;
呼牛呼馬 if a person calls me a cow, then I am a cow;
if he calls me a horse, then let me be a horse, let people call me what they will (“a cow” or “a horse”)—disregard hostile opinion;
呼鈴 ring the bell to call servants or attendant;
see 招^呼 10A.40.
(3) to yell, scream, cry out: 呼喊，呼叫，呼號 hu-haan, hu-jiauh, hu-haur↓;
登高一呼 (a leader) makes a public appeal, calls for the people to do s.t.;
呼口號 give password or shout slogans;
歡呼 shout for joy;
三呼萬歲 call “Banztai” (Long live…) thrice;
呼求 cry for help;
呼救，呼苦 “Help! help!”, cry “pain”;
呼爺喊娘 cry in pain “for papa, mamma”;
呼門 call for opening the door;
呼天搶地 cry to heaven;
呼盧喝雉 (at dice) shout for top number to come up;
呼么喝六 ditto, also to shout at people right and left;
呼喝 hu-heh↓.

Words 1. 呼叱 hu-chah, v.i. & t., to shout at (people).
2. 呼喊 hu-haan, v.i., to cry in distress, to shout, to howl.
3. 呼號 hu-haur, (1) v.i., to wail aloud;
4. 呼號 hu-haur, (2) n., (hu-hauh) a call signal (as at aloud; broadcast).
5. 呼喝 hu-heh, v.t., to bawl at, shout at.
6. 呼呼 hu-hu, v.i., make sound of respiration in sleep;
7. 呼呼 hu-hu, v.i., (of winds) whistle.
8. 呼喚 hu-huahn, v.t., to call (servants).
9. 呼叫 hu-jiauh, v.t., cry out (for help).
10. 呼救 hu-jiouh, v.i., to cry for help: 呼救無門 nowhere to turn for help.
11. 呼搧 hu-’shan, v.i. & t., (1) to stir and make loose, as tucked-in blanket in winter;
12. 呼搧 hu-’shan, v.i. & t., (2) shake (like creaking floor).
13. 呼聲 hu-sheng, n., (1) noise of shouting;
14. 呼聲 hu-sheng, n., (2) 呼聲甚高 (during election) great popular demand for a person to be elected, be favored to win.
15. 呼吸 hu-shi, n. & v.i., respiration;
16. 呼吸 hu-shi, n. & v.i., inhale and exhale;
17. 呼吸 hu-shi, n. & v.i., 呼吸器 organs of respiration.
18. 呼嘯 hu-shiauh, v.i., (crowd) roar and shout, (wind, storm) whistle.
19. 呼圖克圖 Hu-tur-keh-tur, n., the Mongolian Living Buddha.
20. 呼延 Hu-yarn, n., a double surname.
21. 呼應 hu-yihng, v.i & t., to act in cooperation, to respond as echo to sound: 此呼彼應，互相呼應 take concerted action.
22. 呼冤 hu-yuan, v.i., to cry one has been woronged, to call for justice.
23. 呼籲 hu-yuh, v.i. & t., to appeal for, plead for (unity, etc.).

嚼 Num. Index: 40A.00-9 jyuer (sp. pr. jiaur ; *jiauh ).

V.i. & t. (1) Chew: 嚼啐 masticate;
細嚼慢嚥 take one’s time in eating;
咀嚼 (of food) chew carefully, (fig.) ponder over what one is reading;
味同嚼蠟 tasteless like chewing a candle.
(2) Erode: 水嚼沙洲樹出根 (LL) the soil being eroded by water, tree roots lay exposed.
(3) (*jiaur) V.i., prattle, prate, talk tediously: 嚼蛆 jiaur-chyu, 嚼舌 jiaur-sher, 嚼舌根 jiaur-sher-gen↓.
(4) (*jiauh) V.i., 反嚼 (of certain animals) chew the cud.

Words 1. 嚼蛆 *jiaur-chyu, v.i., (abuse) to talk nonsense, talk rot.
2. 嚼裹兒 *jiaur-’guo-’l, n., (coll.) food and clothing.
3. 嚼舌 *jiaur-sher, v.i., to gossip: 嚼舌根 jiaur-sher-gen;
4. 嚼舌 *jiaur-sher, v.i., (a) to gossip;
5. 嚼舌 *jiaur-sher, v.i., (b) tell lies, spread rumors.
6. 嚼子 *jiaur-tz, n., a horse’s bit.
7. 嚼用 *jiaur-yuhng, n., (coll.) a family’s daily expenses.

咐 Num. Index: 40A.00-9 fuh .

V.t. Instruct: 吩^咐 40A.50, command, order;
囑咐 give instructions (to do s.t.).

□ Num. Index: 40A.00-9 de .

Words 1. □啵 de-’bo, v.i., (MC) bicker, jabber.

味 Num. Index: 40A.01-1 weih .

N. adjunct. 一味藥 one medicine or prescription.

N. (1) Flavor, taste, smell: 香味，臭味 good, bad smell;
五味 sweet, sour, bitter, hot and salty;
滋味，美味 good taste in food;
味同嚼蠟 tastes like chewing candle—completely flat;
知味 a gourmet’s sense;
意味 yih-weih, n & v.i., meaning;
to imply, to give the feeling (of disapproval, etc.).
(2) Food, delicacy: 美味 delicacy;
海味 sea food;
臘味 sausages, preserved meat.
(3) Interest: 趣味 interest;
有趣味 interesting;
興味 mood for enjoyment;
無味 tasteless, flat, dull.
(4) Tone, mood: 情味 tone of love;
韻味 poetic tone;
禪味 meditative state of mind.

V.t. To sample flavor: 玩味 slowly appreciate (poetic thought, meaning of a line);
體味 to appreciate, comprehend.

Words 1. 味氣 weih-chi, n., smell (also 氣味).
2. 味道 weih-dauh, n., taste of food;
3. 味道 weih-dauh, n., fun, interest, excitment (in reading, frama, conversation, etc.): 有味道 is interesting.
4. 味官 weih-guan, n., sense of smell.
5. 味精 weih-jing, n., sodium glutamate.
6. 味覺 weih-jyuer, n., see weih-guan↑.
7. 味兒 weh-’l, n., ditto;
8. 味兒 weh-’l, n., 味兒事 something trivial.

嗦 Num. Index: 40A.01-1 suo .

V.t. (1) To suck (thumb, etc.).
(2) See 囉^嗦 40A.11.

嗉� suh.

N. (1) (suh-tz) The crop of a bird: 嗉囊 ditto.
(2) (S1.) a wine pot.

噤 Num. Index: 40A.01-1 jihn .

V.i. Remain silent, be speechless: 噤口 shut one’s mouth;
噤聲 silence! 噤若寒蟬 maintain discreet silence.

嘹 Num. Index: 40A.01-1 liaur .

Adj. (Sound of bird cries, singing) clear and round, sonorous.

Words 1. 嘹喨 liaur-liahng, adj., (person’s voice) clear, resonant.

囌 Num. Index: 40A.01-2 su .

V.i. See 嚕^囌 40A.41.

喋� dier.

V.i. & t. Twittter, chatter, see compp.↓;
to bleed 喋血.

Words 1. 喋喋 dier-dier, v.i., chirp, chatter: 喋喋不休 chatter without stop.
2. 喋囁 dier-nieh, v.i., twitter, chirrup.

咪 Num. Index: 40A.01-2 mi .

V.i. Cat’s call, meow.

Adv. 笑咪咪 with a big, full smile;
小咪咪 teeny-weeny.

嘌 Num. Index: 40A.01-3 piau .

Adj. (AC) passing swiftly.

Words 1. 嘌唱 piau-chahng, n., (MC) popular ditties.
2. 嘌嘌 piau-piau, adj., (AC) rolling along swiftly (of carriage).

嗓 Num. Index: 40A.01-3 saang .

N. The throat, the larynx: 嗓子 saang-tz;
嗓門兒 saang-mer-’l;
嗓兒 saang-’l↓.

Words 1. 嗓兒 saang-’l, n., (1) the throat;
2. 嗓兒 saang-’l, n., (2) vioce, quality of voice in singer: 調嗓兒 (Chin. opera) voice practice, usu. in open spaces in the early morning;
3. 嗓兒 saang-’l, n., see saang-tz↓.
4. 嗓門兒 saang-mer-’l, n., the larynx;
5. 嗓門兒 saang-mer-’l, n., one’s voice.
6. 嗓子 saang-tz, n., condition of throat, quality of voice in singer.
7. 嗓音 saang-yin, n., the human voice.

噪 Num. Index: 40A.01-4 tzauh .

V.i. (1) Make noise: 噪聒 tzauh-gua↓;
鼓噪 make a row, uproar, clamor.
(2) (Of birds) to chirp noisily: 鵲噪，蟬噪 chirping of birds, cicadas.

Words 1. 噪聒 tzauh-gua, (1) v.i., make loud, confused noise;
2. 噪聒 tzauh-gua, (2) adj., irritatingly noisy.
3. 噪音 tzauh-yin, n., disturbing noise, din (as of car horns).

嘛 Num. Index: 40A.01-6 mar (’ma).

N. See 喇^嘛 40A.00, lama.

咻 Num. Index: 40A.01-9 shiou .

N. & adj. Sound of respiration, hushing.

V.t. (1) To hush (a baby), “hushaby”;
to comfort s.o. in pain.
(2) To brawl, make a disturbing noise: 咻咻 ditto.

囔 Num. Index: 40A.02-1

V.i. 嘟囔 du-’nang, mumble to oneself.

噱 Num. Index: 40A.02-2 jyuer (*shyue ).

V.i. Laugh aloud: 發噱 break into a loud laugh;
噱 (*shyue) 頭 (Shanghai dial.) trickery, deception, gimmick: 耍噱頭 play tricks;
擺噱頭 put on false pretenses;
沒啥噱頭 (shang-hai) be at the end of one’s tether.

噥 Num. Index: 40A.02-2 nurng .

Adj. Garrulous: 噥噥，咕噥 talking in a low tone.

啄 Num. Index: 40A.0-3 juor . [Dist. 喙↓]

V.i. & t. (Of birds, fowl) to peck: 啄食 peck at food;
啄毛 preen feathers;
剝啄 to rap at door, make pecking, chopping sound.

Words 1. 啄啄 juor-juor, n., pecking sound;
2. 啄啄 juor-juor, n., rap-tap.
3. 啄木鳥 juor-muh-niaau, n., the woodpecker.

喂 Num. Index: 40A.02-4 weih .

V.t. To feed (interch. 餵 81B.02).

Excl. Hey! (used to call attention).

哏 Num. Index: 40A.02-5 gern .

N. Jokes, joking: 逗哏，□哏 make fun with jokes.

Adj. Cute (of children): 孩子長得嗔哏 or 哏氣.

嚎 Num. Index: 40A.02-6 haur .

V.i. To yell, scream.

Words 1. 嚎啕 haur-taur, v.i., to wail aloud (also wr. 嚎咷，𨚫咷，號啕).

嚷 Num. Index: 40A.02-6 raang (also rang ).

V.i. To shout, yell: 喧嚷 to clamor, make a row;
嚷鬧 to quarrel;
嚷罵 to scold, upbraid, rail at;
吵嚷 to shout at the top of one’s voice;
嚷叫 to bellow, howl;
高聲嚷 to roar, yell out;
嚷嚷 to bawl;
別嚷 don’t make such a noise, quiet please!

凉 Num. Index: 40A.02-6 yuung . [Anc. var. 詠]

V.i. & t. To sing, hum, chant: 吟凉，歌凉 to sing, hum ( a tune), sing praises of;
凉懷 to express heart feelings by verse or song;
凉史 versify on historic events;
凉歎 hum a regret.

喙 Num. Index: 40A.02-9 hueih .

N. (LL) mouth, esp., a bird’s beak: 百喙莫辯 even a hundred mouths cannot absolve guilt.

𢔰 Num. Index: 40A.10-1 shier . [Anc. var. of 協 10S.50]

V.i. 𢔰韻 formerly, a way of changing pronunciation of words in classic poetry which no longer rhyme in order that they could rhyme.

吽 Num. Index: 40A.10-1 hung .

Sanskr. “hum,” a word used in Buddhist mystic spell;
(cf. 唵 “om,” 40A.70).

唪 Num. Index: 40A.10-1 feeng .

V.i. (Budd.) to incant text: 唪經，唪誦經文 read or incant Buddhist text.

叫 Num. Index: 40A.10-2 jiauh .

V.i. & t. (1) V.i., (of persons, animals, birds) to cry: 叫喚，叫喊，呼叫 to shout, yell, cry;
哭叫 weep and cry;
叫救命 call for help;
大叫三聲 utter shrill cries;
鳥叫 chirp, chirrup, twitter, warble;
䓩叫 the crowing of a cock;
狗叫 to bark.
(2) V.t., hail, greet, call, address: 叫他老師 call him teacher;
叫聲老伯 greet person as uncle.
(3) To summon, send for, order, hire: 叫局 jiauh-jyur, 叫條子 jiauh-tiaur-tz↓;
叫車 hire a car;
叫菜 to order food.

Words 1. 叫吃 jiauh-chy, prh., (chess) call to indicate a checkmate.
2. 叫屈 jiauh-chyu, v.i., complain of unfair treatment, discrimination or undeserved punishment.
3. 叫哥哥 jiauh-ge-’ge, n., a singing grasshopper.
4. 叫聒 jiauh-gua, adj., (of noise) loud and confused.
5. 叫好 jiauh-haau, v.i., (Peking opera) applaud an actor’s acting or singing (“shout ‘bravo!”).
6. 叫號 jiauh-hauh, v.i., to call out the numbers (of waiting cars, winning tickets, etc.).
7. 叫橫 jiauh-hehng, v.i., to use strong words, speak tough language.
8. 叫喚 jiauh-’huan, v.i., to yell, shout, call out.
9. 叫花子 jiauh-hua-tz, n., a beggar (also wr. 化子).
10. 叫陣 jiauh-jehn, v.i., to challenge an opponent to a fight.
11. 叫街的 jiauh-jie’-de, n., a beggar roving the streets and crying for pity.
12. 叫局 jiauh-jyur, v.i., formerly, send for a singsong girl to come and wait on table.
13. 叫渴 jiauh-kee, v.i., be thirsty, to thirst for water.
14. 叫苦 jiauh-kuu, v.i., complain of hard lot, grunt, grumble: 叫苦連天 incessant grumbling (of one’s hard lot).
15. 叫驢 jiauh-lyur, n., a male donkey.
16. 叫賣 jiauh-maih, v.i., to cry goods for sale.
17. 叫囂 jiauh-shiau, v.i. & adj., raise a hue and cry;
18. 叫囂 jiauh-shiau, v.i. & adj., clamor, -ous.
19. 叫水 jiauh-shueei, v.i., be thirsty, to thirst for water.
20. 叫條子 jiauh-tiaur-tz, v.i., see jiauh-jyur↑.
21. 叫子 jiauh-tz, n., a whistle of wood or brass.
22. 叫做 jiauh-tzuoh¹, v.t., (p.p.) called: 孔子叫做至聖先師 Confucius is called the greatest sage and teacher.
23. 叫座 (兒) jiauh-tzuoh²(’l), v.i., (of actors or actresses) draw capacity audiences, have good box office.
24. 叫字號 jiauh-tzyh-’hau, phr., (1) (of business firms) winning goodwill through superior quality of goods;
25. 叫字號 jiauh-tzyh-’hau, phr., (2) (of persons) earning popular respect for one’s exemplary conduct.

嘩 Num. Index: 40A.10-2 huar .

V.i. Create a lot of noise (also wr. 譁).

Words 1. 嘩喇 huar-’la, (1) v.i., as in 嘩喇了 has crashed down;
2. 嘩喇 huar-’la, (2) adj., descriptive of crashing sound;
3. 嘩喇 huar-’la, adj., also 嘩喇喇.

囁 Num. Index: 40A.10-3 nieh .

V.i. Move the lips in speaking.

Words 1. 囁嚅 nieh-rur, v.i., hem and haw.

嗶 Num. Index: 40A.10-4 bih .

Words 1. 嗶嘰 bih-ji, n., transliteration of English “beige,” soft wool fabric.

啐 Num. Index: 40A.10-6 tsueih .

V.i. & t. To spit;
to spit upon (person): 啐他一口 spat upon him;
to make a sound of disapproval, like “tut! tut!”

啤 Num. Index: 40A.10-9 pir .

N. Beer: 啤酒.

𨚫 Num. Index: 40A.10-9 haur .

V.i. To cry, esp. of dogs, wolves: 𨚫陶大哭 to bawl, wail aloud.

吐 Num. Index: 40A.11-1 tuu (*tuh ).

v.i. & t. (1) To spit out: 把他的唾沫吐在他臉上 spit in his face;
吐口水 spit;
吐舌頭 stick out tongue, gesture of surprise;
吐氣 tuu-chih↓;
蠶吐絲 silkworm spins out silk;
吐剛茹柔 (AC) avoid the strong and bully the weak;
吐哺握髮 (AC allu. to 周公) stopped a mouthful in the middle of eating and bound up his hair in the midst of a bath in order to see visitors.
(2) Speak out from the heart, esp. 吐露 tuu-luh↓: 吐實 confess the truth;
不吐不快 have to get it out of one’s chest.
(3) Adopt a style of conversation: 談吐;
談吐高雅 have a refined style of converstation, see also 吐屬 tuu-shuu↓.
(4) (*tuh) Throw up, vomit: 嘔吐 ditto;
他吐了，吐出來 vomit s.t.;
吐血，吐瀉 tuh-shiee, tuh-shieh↓.
(5) (*tuh) Cough up illegal gains: 他贏的錢全部吐還 cough up all his profits.

Words 1. 吐氣 tuu-chih, v.i., heave a sigh of satisfaction: 揚眉吐氣 appear very proud and self-satisfied.
2. 吐蕃 Tuh-fan, n., place name in Tibet (also wr. 番 pr. tuh-bo).
3. 吐谷渾 Tuh-guu-hurn, n., tribe in Chinese Turkestan.
4. 吐劑 *tuh-jih, n., (med.) emetic.
5. 吐露 *tuh-luh, v.i., reveal from the heart: 吐露實情 (心腹) reveal one’s true feelings.
6. 吐沫 *tuh-’mo, v.i., spit out saliva (also wr. 唾沫).
7. 吐納 *tuh-nah, v.i., from 吐故納新 Taoist art of controlled breathing and swallowing of saliva toward achieving long life.
8. 吐血 *tuh-shiee, v.i., throw up blood.
9. 吐瀉 *tuh-shieh, n. & v.i., suffer from vomiting and diarrhoea;
10. 吐瀉 *tuh-shieh, n. & v.i., cholera.
11. 吐綬䓩 tuu-shouh-ji, n., rare litr. name for turkey (＝火䓩).
12. 吐屬 tur-shuu, n., style and manner of conversation.
13. 吐痰 tuu-tarn, v.i., spit (saliva or phlegm).

哇 Num. Index: 40A.11-1 wa .

v.t. To throw up, vomit.

Adj. Descriptive of baby cries: 哇哇 wa-wa↓;
哇的一聲 cry aloud;
淫哇之聲 sentimental crooning.

Excl. (excl. of surprise) wow: 哇呀，這麼多 wow, so much!

Words 1. 哇哇 wa-wa, v.i., to bellow, make a crying noise.

咥 Num. Index: 40A.11-3 shih (*dier ).

V.i. & t. (1) To roar in laughter.
(2) (*dier) To bite.

囉 Num. Index: 40A.11-4 luor (*’luo).

Fin. part. (*luo) A slightly arrumentative final particle: 你不聽我的話，聽他的囉 your do not listen to me, but to him;
有的看囉 wait and see, something is coming up.

N. See 嘍^囉 40A.93.

Words 1. 囉唆 luo-’suo, adj., (1) garrulous, talkative;
2. 囉唆 luo-’suo, adj., (2) bothersome (also wr. 囉嗦, same word as 嚕囌): 囉哩囉唆 luor-lii-luo-’suo;
3. 囉唆 luo-’suo, adj., 囉囉唆唆 luor-luor-’suo-suo, ditto.
4. 囉□ luor-tzauh, v.i., twaddle, noisy useless talk.

哩 Num. Index: 40A.11-4 li .

Fin. part. Emphasizing assertion: 那哩！那哩！ no, no, not at all! 謝謝您，我手况還有哩 thank you, sir, I still have some, with me;
他還沒有來哩 he hasn’t come yet.

N. A mile (dist. 公里 kilometer).

Words 1. 哩嚕 li-lu, v.i., to mumble;
2. 哩嚕 li-lu, v.i., also 哩哩囉囉 li-li-lo-lo, v.i., to mumble away, talk endlessly.

嚜 Num. Index: 40A.11-4 moh (*me, unaccented).

Adv. 嚜嚜 silently ＝默默.

Fin. part. (*’me) (MC) particle reinforcing statement (weak form of 麼): 我是爛熟的嚜 I am quite acquainted with it indeed.

喔 Num. Index: 40A.11-5 woh (*wu , *o ).

Adv. (Also *wu) descriptive of crying ,esp. 喔喔 wu-wu↓.

Excl. (Excl. of disgust) ough!

Words 1. 喔嚄 *o-huoh, excl., o-ho! (seeing a mishap).
2. 喔喔 *wu-wu, adv., descriptive of crying, esp. cock-a-doodle-do.
3. 喔呀 *o-ya, excl., oh, my! (excl. seeing mishap, disaster).
4. 喔唷 *o-yo, excl., cry of pain or disapproval, mockery.

唾 Num. Index: 40A.11-9 tuoh .

N. Saliva, spittle, see compp.↓.

V.i. & t. To spit: 唾人 spit on person;
唾面自乾 to be spat on the face and let dry without wiping —extreme obsequiousness.

Words 1. 唾棄 tuoh-chih, v.t., to spurn with contempt.
2. 唾壺 tuoh-hur, n., spittoon.
3. 唾罵 tuoh-mah, v.t., excoriate, abuse, rebuke coarsely (person).
4. 唾沫 tuoh-’mo (tuh-’mo), n., spittle.
5. 唾腺 tuoh-shiahn, n., salivary gland.
6. 唾手 tuoh-shoou, adj., as in 唾手可得 (accomplish) with extreme ease.
7. 唾液 tuoh-yeh, n., saliva.

唯 Num. Index: 40A.11-9 weir (*weei ).

V.i. (*weei) To say “yes”: 唯唯 yes, yes;
唯唯否否 say “yes” or “no”—change answer unpredictably;
唯諾 to promise;
唯唯諾諾 to say “yes, yes” repeatedly.

Adv. & prep. Only (interch. 惟 22A.11);
唯一 weir-yi, ditto;
see 惟^一 and other compp. under 惟 22A.11.

喤 Num. Index: 40A.11-9 huarng .

N. (AC) sound of child booing;
resounding sound of music.

哢 Num. Index: 40A.20-3 luhng (*’nou).

V.i. (Birds) sing.

Fin. part. (*’nou) Used like 哪 at the end of a soft, intimate sentence: 令小弟佩服得很哢 I am utterly charmed, overwhelmed.

啽 Num. Index: 40A.20-8 arn .

V.i. To mumble.

Words 1. 啽默 arn-moh, v.i., as in (LL) 啽默唯唯 mumble “yes, yes.”
2. 啽囈 arn-yih, v.i., mumble incoherently, as in sleep.

囓 Num. Index: 40A.21-1 nieh . [Var. of 齧 10.21]

咄 Num. Index: 40A.21-2 duoh .

Excl. Tut! tut!

Words 1. 咄咄 duoh-duoh, excl., tut! tut! 咄咄怪事 phr., what a strange situation!
2. 咄嗟 duoh-jie, adv., in a short moment (quick as blowing a breath): 咄嗟立辦 can be done at once.

咂 Num. Index: 40A.21-2 tza .

V.t. (1) To lick up with the tongue (as cat licks up milk).
(2) Suck: 咂乾 suck dry.

Words 1. 咂兒 tza-’l, n., pop. name for the teat.
2. 咂模 tza-’mo, v.t., deditate on, ponder, think over.
3. 咂嘴 (兒) tza-tzueei (tza-tzue-’l, v.i., to click one’s teeth in admiration.

嘔 Num. Index: 40A.21-2 oou *ou , *ouh ). [Abbr. □]

V.i. & t. (1) (Also *ou) to vomit;
(fig.) to strain, give of one’s blood: 嘔血，嘔心 oou-shyueh, oou-shin↓.
(2) (*ouh) To enrage, rouse one’s spleen: 嘔氣 oou-chih↓.

Words 1. 嘔氣 oou-chih, v.i., to feel enraged, to carry on a fight with s.o. out of spite or vanity: 和人嘔氣.
2. 嘔泄 oou-shieh, n., (Chin. med.) vomiting ad diarrhoea.
3. 嘔心 oou-shin, v.i, strain one’s heart and mind (to write poems).
4. 嘔血 oou-shyueh, v.i., to throw up blood.
5. 嘔吐 *ou-tuh, v.i., to vomit.
6. 嘔啞 (鴉) *ou-ya, n., (sound of) creaking, swishing of oars, twitter of birds, and similar sounds.
7. 嘔軋 *ou-yah, n., see ou-ya↑.

喢 Num. Index: 40A.21-9 shah . [Interch. 歃 90S.81]

啗 Num. Index: 40A.21-9 dahn . [Var. of 啖 40A.81]

嘟 Num. Index: 40A.22-1 du .

Words 1. 嘟勒兒 du-’le-’l, v.i., to trill the tongue: 打嘟勒兒.
2. 嘟嚕 du-’lu, (1) n., 一嘟嚕葡萄 cluster of grapes;
3. 嘟嚕 du-’lu, (2) v.i., see du-’nang↓.
4. 嘟囔 du-’nang, v.i., mumble in whispers, mutter to oneself;
5. 嘟囔 du-’nang, v.i., also 嘟囔嘟囔 du-’nang-du-’nang, or 嘟嘟囔囔 du-’du-nang-’nang.
6. 嘟噥 du-’nung, v.i., see du-’nang↑.

嘶 Num. Index: 40A.22-2 sy .

V.i. (Horses) neigh.

Adj. & adv. Split (voice): 聲嘶 hoarse, split voice.

呻 Num. Index: 40A.22-2 shen .

V.i. (1) To groan.
(2) To recite (poetry) with intonation.

Words 1. 呻呼 shen-hu, v.i., to groan for pain.
2. 呻喚 shen-huahn, v.i., to yell for s.o.
3. 呻吟 shen-yirn, v.i., (1) to recite (writing);
4. 呻吟 shen-yirn, v.i., (2) to groan in pain;
5. 呻吟 shen-yirn, v.i., to moan.

嘯 Num. Index: 40A.22-2 shiauh .

V.i. To whistle, make a birdcall or signal call, make a shrill cry: 呼嘯，嘯聚 (of gangsters, rebels) call each other and form a gang;
仰天長嘯 make a long wheezing noise in open air;
虎嘯 to roar like tigers;
海嘯 tidal waves;
怒嘯 shriek;
嘯泳，歌嘯 sing aloud;
嘯諾 to hem and haw in office.

啡 Num. Index: 40A.22-2 fei .

N. See 咖^啡 40A.40;
嗎&啡 40A.50.

𣈳 Num. Index: 40A.22-4 shiah . [Var. of 嚇 40A.00]

呷 Num. Index: 40A.22-4 shiar .

V.i. To quaff, swallow (liquid): 呷了一口酒 take a swallow of wine.

叩 Num. Index: 40A.22-5 kouh .

V.i. & t. (1) To knock: 叩門 knock at door;
叩閽 formerly, to knock at palace gate and lodge complaint;
see also 扣 10A.40.
(2) To ask: 叩其姓名 ask his name;
叩安 (＝問安) send greetings.
(3) To kotow, knock head on floor as ceremony (often fig., not lit.): 叩頭 kouh-tour↓;
叩首 kotow;
叩拜，叩□ (in letters to superiors) I bow in salute;
叩謁，叩見 pay respects, pay visit;
叩求 to request humbly;
叩辭 to decline politely;
叩謝 to thank or decline politely.

Words 1. 叩頭 kouh-tour, v.i., to kotow, ceremoniously knock head on floor;
2. 叩頭 kouh-tour, v.i., (fig.) to request, to thank: 我給你叩頭 I thank you;
3. 叩頭 kouh-tour, v.i., 叩頭蟲 an insect, Melanotus legatus.
4. 叩問 kouh-wehn, v.i., to ask, to question politely.

哪 Num. Index: 40A.22-5 naa .

Adj. Which: 哪一箇 which one? 哪箇人 which man? (oft. wr. simply as 那);
哪况＝那况.

啼 Num. Index: 40A.22-6 tir . [Anc. var.□]

V.i. (1) Whimper, blubber, make weak crying sounds: 啼哭 tir-ku↓;
啼笑 tears and laughter.
(2) Crow, twitter: 鳥啼 birds twitter;
雞啼 cocks crow.

Words 1. 啼泣 tir-chih, v.i., cry weakly, wail or sob.
2. 啼叫 tir-jiauh, v.i., scream, screech, wail.
3. 啼哭 tur-ku, v.i., cry: 啼啼哭哭 weep and wail.

啷 Num. Index: 40A.22-6 lang .

Adj. 啷噹 a jingling sound.

Words 1. 啷噹 (兒) lang-dang (’l), n., an assortment of odds and ends;
2. 啷噹 (兒) lang-dang (’l), n., 吊兒啷噹 utterly carefree (suggesting “the hell with it”).

嗛 Num. Index: 40A.22-8 chian (*chiaan , *chiahn , *shiarn ).

N. (*chiaan) See 頰^嗛 12S.81.

V.t. (*shiarn) (1) Dislike (var. of 嫌).
(2) To keep in cheek (var. or 銜，含).

Adj. (1) (chian) Humble, modest (var. of 謙).
(2) (*chiaan) 嗛嗛 small, unsatisfying.
(3) (*Chiahn) Guilty, ashamed (var. of 歉).

唏 Num. Index: 40A.22-8 shi .

V.i. To sob;
to sigh: 唏噓，唏吁 (shi-shyu) to draw a long sigh.

唧 Num. Index: 40A.22-9 jir (*ji ).

N. Chirping of insects, noise made by persons (also *ji).

Words 1. 唧咕 ji-’gu, v.i., (1) to murmur: 這兩人唧咕了半天 the two have been whispering to one another for a long while;
2. 唧咕 ji-’gu, v.i., 唧唧咕咕 to babble on and on;
3. 唧咕 ji-’gu, v.i., (2) mutter to oneself;
4. 唧咕 ji-’gu, v.i., (3) (of liquids) to drip.
5. 唧唧 jir-jir, n., (1) the humming of insects;
6. 唧唧 jir-jir, n., (2) sighing of persons;
7. 唧唧 jir-jir, n., (3) whispering.
8. 唧拉 ji-’la, v.i., make a confused noise: 唧拉喳拉 ji-’la-ja-la, ditto.
9. 唧溜 ji-liou, adj., clever, intelligent, keen, quick-witted.
10. 唧噥 ji-’nung, v.i., as in 唧唧噥噥 ji-’ji-nung-nung, to whisper, see jir-’gu↑.
11. 唧筒 ji-tuung, (ji-’tung), n., a pump.
12. 唧嘖 ji-tzer, n., chirping of in sects.

咋 Num. Index: 40A.22-9 tzer (*jah ).

V.i. To click one’s tongue: 咋咶 tzer-sher↓.

Adv. (AC) (*jah) loudly;
abruptly (＝乍.92.22).

Words 1. 咋咶 tzer-sher, v.i., to click one’s tongue in regret or fear, or surprise.

啣 Num. Index: 40A.22-9 shiarn .

V.t. To hold in the mouth, see 銜 91B.00.

啦 Num. Index: 40A.30-1 la .

Fin. part. Particle of assertion, usu. drawn out, like laaaaa! more emphatic than the unaccented 了: 自然啦 of course, it’s only natural;
不必啦 no more fuss about it;
不見得啦 not necessarily so.
得啦 don’t bother about it any more;
好啦 let it be so, that will do;
何必啦 why bother about it? 算啦 forget about it;
未必啦 it may not be so.

Adj. Descriptive of certain sounds, such as yelling, gabbling, chattering: 啦啦隊 la-la-dueih↓;
哇啦哇啦 wa-la-wa-la, a hubbub of voices.

Words 1. 啦啦隊 la-la-dueih, n., cheering squad, rooters: 啦啦隊長 n., a cheer leader.

喳 Num. Index: 40A.30-1 cha .

Adj. Descriptive of whispering, twittering, jabbering sounds: 喳喳的，嘰嘰喳喳，唧啦喳啦.

嘒 Num. Index: 40A.30-1 hueih .

Adj. (AC) small: 嘒嘒 (AC) small voice.

嗑 Num. Index: 40A.30-1 keh .

V.t. To break with teeth: 嗑瓜子兒 break dried melon seeds between teeth, a pastime;
嗑牙 to indulge in idle talk (also wr.磕).

Words 1. 嗑睡 keh-shueih, v.i., to doze off, to take a nap.

噎 Num. Index: 40A.30-1 ye .

V.i. To hiccup, choke: 因壹廢食 stop eating altogether just because of a hiccup.

噓 Num. Index: 40A.30-2 shyu (*shy ).

V.i. (1) To breathe out: 噓一口氣 blow a breath, blow on s.t. to cool or warm it;
(fig.) 吹噓 “blow s.o.’s horn,” to praise a third party before s.o.
(2) To boo: 噓他下去 boo him off the stage;
噓聲四起 a wave of hisses all around.

Excl. (1) Ah!
(2) (*shy) Ugh! (excl. of distaste).

咺 Num. Index: 40A.30-3 shyuaan .

Adj. (AC) manifest, impressive (appearance), cf. 寕 91D.30.

□ Num. Index: 40A.30-3 nh .

Excl. (Exclamation of curt consent or hidden anger, contempt) Hm! Hm!

呸 Num. Index: 40A.30-3 pei .

Excl. Pfui!

啞 Num. Index: 40A.30-3 yaa (*ya , *eh ). [Pop. □]

Adj. (1) Dumb, mute: 啞吧，啞子 yaa-’ba, yaa-tz↓;
啞劇 yaa-jyuh↓;
喝啞酒 drink without playing finger game or other games.
(2) (Throat, voice) hoarse: 啞嗓 yaa-saang↓;
沙啞 (voice) hoarse;
嗓子啞了 throat is hoarse.

Adv. (*ya) Sound of creaking, crackling: 啞然，啞啞 ya-rarn, ya-ya↓.

Words 1. 啞巴 yaa-’ba, adj. & n., dumb;
2. 啞巴 yaa-’ba, adj. & n., a dumb person;
3. 啞巴 yaa-’ba, adj. & n., 啞巴虧 or 啞巴苦子 suffering which cannot be told others.
4. 啞卂 *ya-jah, n., bird cry or any inarticulate sound.
5. 啞劇 yaa-jyuh, n., pantomime.
6. 啞鈴 yaa-lirng, n., dumbbell.
7. 啞謎 (兒) yaa-mir (yaa-mie-’l), n., a riddle, an enigma.
8. 啞嘔 *ya-ou, adj., lisping like a child;
9. 啞嘔 *ya-ou, adj., creaking of oars.
10. 啞然 yaa-rarn (*eh-rarn), adj., a sudden laugh, guffaw.
11. 啞嗓 (兒) (子) yar-saang(’l)(tz), n., a hoarse of feeble voice.
12. 啞子 yaa-tz, n., a dumb person.
13. 啞啞 (1) *ya-ya, adj., descriptive of bird cry, creaking or crackling sound;
14. 啞啞 (2) *eh-eh, n., (AC) a chuckling sound.

嗢 Num. Index: 40A.30-4 wah .

V.t. To swallow.

Words 1. 嗢噱 wah-jyuer, v.i., to chuckle.
2. 嗢咽 wah-yirn, v.t., to swallow.
3. 嗢噦 wah-yue, v.i., (AC) to clear the throat.

咀 Num. Index: 40A.30-4 jyuu .

V.t. Suck, chew.

Words 1. 咀嚼 jyuu-jyuer, v.t., chew, masticate;
2. 咀嚼 jyuu-jyuer, v.t., (fig.) chew the meaning of words.

嚦 Num. Index: 40A.30-5 lih .

Adj. 嚦嚦 chirping sound.

喧 Num. Index: 40A.30-6 shyuan .

V.i. To clamor, wrangle noisily, raise a hubbub;
to shout, yell.

Words 1. 喧嘩 shyuan-huar, adj., noisy, tumultuous (crowd).
2. 喧鬧 shyuan-nauh, v.i. & adj., creating a din, uproar.
3. 喧擾 shyuan-raau, v.i., to cause a disturbance.
4. 喧囂 shyuan-shiau, adj., given to outcries, unpleasantly demanding;
5. 喧囂 shyuan-shiau, adj., disturbingly noisy.
6. 喧天 shyuan-tian, phr., 鑼鼓喧天 a stifling din of gongs and drums.
7. 喧闐 shyuan-tiarn, adj., see shyuan-nauh↑.

嗟 Num. Index: 40A.30-8 jie (also *jyue ).

V.i. & t. To sigh, deplore, lament: 嗟憤 to sigh in anger;
嗟愍 take pity on (s.o.);
不食嗟來之食 won’t eat anything rudely offered.

Interjection. Expressing regret or sorrow: 嗟乎，嗟夫 alas! 嗟嗟 how lamentable or wonderful!

Words 1. 嗟悼 jie-dauh, v.i. & t., to lament (s.o.’s) death.
2. 嗟歎 jie-tahn, v.i. & t., to lament, regret, to sigh in sorrow.

嗌 Num. Index: 40A.30-8 yih .

N. (AC) the throat.

□ Num. Index: 40A.30-8 yirn .

V.t. (AC) to close the mouth: 口呿而不□ mouth was open, not closed.

噬 Num. Index: 40A.30-9 shyh .

V.t. To bite: 噬狗 a biting dog;
噬臍莫及 one cannot bite one’s own navel—too late to repent.

□ Num. Index: 40A.32-4 luor . [Pop. of 囉 40A.11]

吟 Num. Index: 40A.32-8

N. (LL) a song, used in name of certain melodies.

V.i. & t. (1) To sing: 吟凉，吟哦 yirn-yuung, yirn-er↓.
吟詩 to sing a song;
行吟河畔 sing while strolling on lake front.
(2) to hum (a tune), to con (a text), to incant as a form of reading: 吟誦 yirn-suhng↓;
coupled with 弄：吟風弄月 to write pastoral poetry.
(3) To make animal cries, also n., such cries: 蟬吟 cicada’s song;
猿吟 monkey’s cry;
龍吟虎嘯 cries of dragons and tigers.
(4) To groan, make a sighing soud: 呻吟 to groan or mutter in pain;
沈吟 to make no sound while thinking.
(5) U.f. □, to close the mouth.

Words 1. 吟哦 yirn-er, v.i., to sing or hum;
2. 吟哦 yirn-er, v.i., to incant.
3. 吟嘯 yirn-shiauh, v.i., (1) to sing or whistle or shout in freedom: 吟嘯自若 ditto;
4. 吟嘯 yirn-shiauh, v.i., (2) to make cries of pain or despair: 吟嘯扼腕 wring one’s hands and sigh.
5. 吟誦 yirn-suhng, v.i., to read aloud rhythmically.
6. 吟壇 yirn-tarn, n., the poets’ circle.
7. 吟味 yirn-weih, v.i., to hum and appreciate (a line).
8. 吟詠 yirn-yuung, v.i., to sing, incant (a poem);
9. 吟詠 yirn-yuung, v.t., to celebrate (sentiment) by verse: 吟詠情性.

哆 Num. Index: 40A.32-9 duo (*chee , see vb.).

V.i. (*chee, chaa, chih) (AC) to open mouth.

Words 1. 哆囉哆嗦 (的) duo-’luo-duo-’suo-’de, adj. & adv., cringing.
2. 哆嗦 duo-’suo, v.i. & adj. cringe, tremble.

咕 Num. Index: 40A.40-1 gu .

V.i. & t. To mumble, mutter, chatter, whisper, murmur, rumble.

Words 1. 咕嘟 gu-du, (1) v.i., (of flowing water) murmur, bubble;
2. 咕嘟 gu-du, (2) v.i., to pout one’s lips or mouth in displeasure or anger: 咕嘟著嘴;
3. 咕嘟 gu-du, (3) v.t., (gu-’du) bring to a boil: 把這鍋湯再咕嘟一會兒 please bring this pot of soup to a boil for a little longer.
4. 咕咚 gu-dung, (1) v.i., (make) a thumping sound;
5. 咕咚 gu-dung, (2) v.t., (gu-’dung) attack with guns: 拿砲把城門咕咚開了 force open the city gate with artillery fire.
6. 咕唧 gu-’ji, v.i., murmur or mumble to oneself or each other: 他倆咕唧了半天 the couple were whispering to each other for quite a while;
7. 咕唧 gu-’ji, v.i., 他自己一個咕唧了好一會兒 he was mumbling to himself for a long time.
8. 咕嚕 gu-’lu, v.i., (1) (of speech) mumble, talk tiresomely and indistinctly;
9. 咕嚕 gu-’lu, v.i., (2) (of the stomach) make a rumbling sound: 餓得肚子况咕嚕地響 be so hungry that the stomach is begining to gurgle;
10. 咕嚕 gu-’lu, v.i., (3) (of carts) to rumble.
11. 咕噥 gu-’nung, v.i., to whisper, chatter.
12. 咕容 gu-’rung, v.i., to walk with a sidle.

咭 Num. Index: 40A.40-1 ji .

Adj. Descriptive of whispering or giggling sounds: 咭吱咯吱 (ji-jy-ge-jy) 的響 crackling as of dry branches.

Words 1. 咭䒢 ji-deng, n., sounds of passing carts, footsteps, etc. (also 咭䒢咯䒢 ji-deng-ge-deng).
2. 咭咭 ji-ji, sound of giggling, crackling laughter: 咭咭嘎嘎 ji-ji-ga-ga, ditto.

嘻 Num. Index: 40A.40-1 shi .

Adj. Mirthful, merry: 嘻皮笑臉 comically cheerful, a face beaming with laughter;
嘻嘻哈哈 laughing, -ly;
笑嘻嘻 very happylooking.

Excl. 噫嘻 alas!

Words 1. 嘻和 (兒) shi-’he(’l), n., (coll.) as in 遞嘻和兒 do s.t. to make everybody happy.
2. 嘻笑 shi-shiauh, v.i., to laugh merrily.

喏 Num. Index: 40A.40-2 ree .

N. Polite expression used in saluting others: 唱喏 to salute by using such an expression.

Adv. (U.f. 諾 nouh) yes: 連聲喏喏 quickly answered, “Yes, sir!”

嗒 Num. Index: 40A.40-2 tah .

Adj. Frustrated, lost.

Words 1. 嗒然 tah-rarn, adj., looking lost, dejected: 嗒然若喪 or 嗒喪 tah-sahng, ditto.

呫 Num. Index: 40A.40-2 cheh (*jan ).

V.i. (1) To whisper: 呫囁，呫嚅 cheh-jer, cheh-rur↓.
(2) (*jan) To read with intonation: 呫嗶 cheh-bih↓.

Words 1. 呫嗶 *jan-bih, v.i., read text without truly understanding meaning.
2. 呫囁 cheh-jer, v.i., to whisper.
3. 呫嚅 cheh-rur, v.i., ditto.

唔 Num. Index: 40A.40-3 wur (also m ).

Pron. (Shang-han dial.) I, first person (dial. form of 我 woo).

V.i. See 咿^唔 40A.91.

Adv. (Cantonese dial.) equiv. Mandarin 不：唔得＝不得.

唁 Num. Index: 40A.40-6 yahn .

V.i. (LL) to offer condolences: 唁電 telegram of condolence.

喀 Num. Index: 40A.40-6 kah (*ka , *keh ).

Adj. A sound-descriptive word: 喀吧 word in rendering foreign names (as 喀土木 Kahtumuh for Khartum).

Words 1. 喀吧 *ka-ba, adj., descriptive of cracking sound.
2. 喀喀 *keh-keh, adj., (AC) 喀喀然 sound of coughing.

嗐 Num. Index: 40A.40-6 haih .

Excl. An exclamation of regret (also wr. 咳).

哈� ha (*haa).

N. A surname.

V.i. & t. (1) To blow one’s breath: 哈氣 ditto: 在窗玻璃上哈一口氣 to blow breath on a windowpane.
(2) (AC) to sip.

Adv. See 哈哈 ha-ha↓.

Words 1. 哈巴狗 *haa-’ba-goou, n., a Pekingese dog;
2. 哈巴狗 *haa-’ba-goou, n., 哈巴腿 (兒) haa-’ba-tueei (haa-’ba-tuee-’l), adj., bowlegged.
3. 哈達 ha-’da, n., a Tibetan silk scarf, often given as present or votive offering: 獻哈達 to present such offering.
4. 哈哈 ha-ha, adv., as in (1) 哈哈大笑 roar with laughter;
5. 哈哈 ha-ha, adv., (2) 哈哈兒 something funny: 打哈哈兒 make fun;
6. 哈哈 ha-ha, adv., 你別打哈哈了 don’t make fun;
7. 哈哈 ha-ha, adv., 讓人家看哈哈兒 become a laughingstock;
8. 哈哈 ha-ha, adv., (3) n., sound of threat: 哈哈，你竟敢罵我 hah! hah! you dare insult me!
9. 哈喇 ha-’la, (1) n., a Tibetan woolen cloth, (also pr. ka-’la);
10. 哈喇 ha-’la, (2) 哈喇味 adj., smell of food decay;
11. 哈喇 ha-’la, (3) v.t., (MC) to kill: 不如一刀哈喇了他.
12. 哈喇叭 *haa-’la-ba, n., shoulder blade (also wr. 哈叻巴).
13. 哈密瓜 ha-mih-gua, n., Turkestan melon (from Hami).
14. 哈士蟆 ha-shy-mar, n., a kind of frog found in Kirin, Manchuria and used as a valuable tonic.

唅 Num. Index: 40A.40-8 han .

V.t. To keep (olive, pill, etc.) in the mouth without chewing.

啥 Num. Index: 40A.40-8 shar .

Adj. (Soochow dial.) what＝甚麼.

嗆 Num. Index: 40A.40-8 chiang (*chiahng ).

V.i. & t. (1) To choke while drinking.
(2) (Birds) peck at.
(3) (*chiahng) Choke by smoke: 嗆鼻子 (smoke) irritates the nose;
嗆了嗓子 choke the throat;
塵土嗆人 dust chokes;
嗆死人 suffocate.

Words 1. 嗆哼 chiahng-heng, adj., (MC) stupid.

咖 Num. Index: 40A.40-9 ka .

Words 1. 咖啡 ka-fei, n., coffee: 咖啡壺 coffee pot;
2. 咖啡 ka-fei, n., 咖啡館，廳，室 coffee shop (or parlor, or house).

咯 Num. Index: 40A.40-9 ger (*ge , *kaa , ’lo).

Fin. part. (*’lo) Used in announcing s.t.: 他來咯 he is coming! also as more emphatic form of 了：是咯 that’s right (indeed);
好咯 well, well! 你怎麼咯 what’s the matter with you!

V.t. (*kaa) To spit out: 咯痰 cough up phlegm;
咯血 spit blood (also wr. 咳).

Words 1. 咯噠 *ge-’da, n., (coll.) (bot.) mustard (＝芥菜): 咯噠頭，咯噠纓兒 mustard head, leaves.
2. 咯䒢 ger-’deng, adj., (1) descriptive of creaking sounds (on stairs, swinging windows, etc.);
3. 咯䒢 ger-’deng, adj., (2) uneven, rough.
4. 咯吱 ger-’jy, adj., descriptive of creaking sound (of dry branches, etc).
5. 咯菜 *ge-tsaih, n., coll. for mustard.

咍 Num. Index: 40A.40-9 hai .

Excl. Excl. of reret, usu. wr. 咳.

嗜 Num. Index: 40A.41-1 shyh .

N. A hobby, special love of certain things (smoke, food): 嗜好 shyh-hauh↓.

V.t. To love, be fond of: 嗜賭，嗜酒 love to gamble, drink;
嗜口腹 love food and drink;
嗜色 love women;
嗜殺人 love to kill.

Words 1. 嗜好 shyh-hauh, n., a hobby, special liking for drink, food, distractions.
2. 嗜痂 shyh-jia, phr., (LL) 嗜痂成癖 have an addiction for (stamps and the like), (allu. from one who likes to lick his scabs).
3. 嗜慾 shyh-yuh, n., carnal desires, longing.

喈 Num. Index: 40A.41-2 jie .

N. Sound of chirping, laughing.

嚐 Num. Index: 40A.41-2 charng .

V.i. To taste (var. of 嘗 22.41, in V.i.1).

嘈 Num. Index: 40A.41-2 tsaur .

嘈 Num. Index: Adj.1

Words 1. 嘈鬧 tsaur-nauh, adj., tumultuous, turbulent.
2. 嘈雜 tsaur-tzar, adj., noisy (crowd).

喵 Num. Index: 40A.41-2 miau .

N. & v.i. Mewing of cat.

咁 Num. Index: 40A.41-2 gaam .

Adj. (Cantonese) this: 咁樣 this way or manner.

噹 Num. Index: 40A.41-2 dang .

Adj. Descriptive of clanging or tinkling sound: 噹噹 dang-dang, 叮叮噹噹 ding-ding-dang-dang.

哂 Num. Index: 40A.41-3 sheen .

V.i. To smile, oft. smilingly, see compp.↓.

Words 1. 哂納 sheen-nah, v.i., (court.) please accept (my gift, opinion) with a smile.
2. 哂笑 sheen-shiauh, v.i., laugh at (with contempt).
3. 哂收 sheen-shou, v.i., see sheen-nah↑.

咽 Num. Index: 40A.41-4 yan (*yahn , *yeh ).

V.t. (1) (*yahn) To swallow (also wr. 嚥).
(2) (*yeih): 哽咽 to sob.

Words 1. 咽喉 yan-hour, n., the throat;
2. 咽喉 yan-hour, n., (fig.) vital defense area, strategic point.

唱 Num. Index: 40A.41-4 chahng .

N. Ditty, song: 小唱 a ditty.

V.i. & t. (1) to sing: 唱歌 chahng-ge↓;
唱戲 chahng-shih↓;
賣唱 to sing as minstrel at restaurants and streets;
歌唱 sing;
合唱 (sing) chorus;
混聲合唱 mixed chorus;
獨唱 (sing) solo;
獨唱會 vocal recital;
演唱，齊唱 sing on stage;
sing in uuison;
唱不入調 sing out of key;
清唱 to sing or rehearse without accompaniment or stage make-up;
唱唱咧咧 (coll.) descriptive of sining freely.
(2) To shout out loud: 唱名 call out names in roll call;
唱好 chahng-haau↓;
唱諾 chahng-nouh.

Words 1. 唱本 (兒) chahng-been(chahng-be-’l), n., song text.
2. 唱唱兒 chahng-chahng-’l, v.i., to sing in streets as profession: 唱唱兒的 street singer.
3. 唱酬 chahng-chour, v.i., see chahng-heh↓.
4. 唱導 chahng-dauh, v.i. & t., to lead (movement).
5. 唱的 chahng-’de, n., (MC) a street or restaurant singer.
6. 唱歌 chahng-ge, v.i., to sing songs.
7. 唱好 chahng-haau, v.i., (MC) to give cheers as audience.
8. 唱和 chahng-heh, v.i., to write and reply in poems between friends, usu. on some occasion.
9. 唱機 chahng-ji, n., gramophone (usu. called 留聲機).
10. 唱叫 chahng-jiauh, v.i., to yell and scream.
11. 唱兒 chahng-’l, n., a song, ditty: 唱個唱兒 sing a ditty.
12. 唱禮 chahng-lii, n., (Budd.) prayer at end of mass with “five forgiveness” and “five wishes.”
13. 唱名 chahng-mirng, v.i., make roll call.
14. 唱喏 chahng-nuoh, v.i., (servants, retinue) make a vocal response, similar to answer “here” in roll call, but more like “Yes, sir!”
15. 唱片 (兒) chahng-pian (chahng-pia-’l), n., gramophone record.
16. 唱戲 chahng-shih, v.i., to hold, have or sing an opera;
17. 唱戲 chahng-shih, v.i., to play in theater.
18. 唱書 chahng-shu, v.t. & n., to give monologue recital of story to the accompaniment of drum or string.

嘓 Num. Index: 40A.41-4 guo .

N. A gurgling sound;
cricket’s chirp.

喑 Num. Index: 40A.41-6 yin .

Adj. (1) Hoarse (voice).
(2) Mute (interch. 瘖 61A.41).

Words 1. 喑噁 yin-wuh, v.i., (AC) to yell, shout.
2. 喑啞 yin-yaa, adj., mute (person).

噌 Num. Index: 40A.41-8 cheng (*tseeng , *tseng ).

V.i. (*tseng) To shout at: 噌人 shout at person.

Adj. (*tseeng) Split: 噌他們倆人說噌了 they two have broken relationships.

Words 1. 噌吰 cheng-hurng, adj., booming (noise).

噲 Num. Index: 40A.41-8 kuaih .

V.t. (AC) to swallow;
噲噲 (AC) clear and fair-minded.

噆 Num. Index: 40A.41-9 tzaan .

V.t. (1) Carry (food) in mouth, like birds.
(2) To bite: 蚊虻噆膚 bitten by mosquitos and gnats.

□ Num. Index: 40A.41-9 pa . [Dist. 咱 40A.41↓]

Adj. With a flap, rapping sound □的一下打落 flap down.

Words 1. □啦 pa-’la, adj., (of bad coins) having a dull sound.

咱 Num. Index: 40A.41-9 tzarn (also tzar ).

Pron. I (Peking dial.): 咱們 tzarn-’men↓;
咱們倆，咱兩個 we two, the two of us;
咱兩兒 tzarn-liaa-’l↓.

Words 1. 咱家 tzar-jia, pron., I myself.
2. 咱兩兒 tzarn-liaa-’l, pron., the two of us.
3. 咱們 tzarn-’men, pron., we.

喒 Num. Index: 40A.41-9 tzarn . [Var. 咱 40A.41↑]

嚕 Num. Index: 40A.41-9 lu .

Words 1. 嚕囌 lu-su, 嚕哩嚕囌 lu-li-lu-su, v.i., talk unnecessarily or annoyingly;
2. 嚕囌 lu-su, 嚕哩嚕囌 lu-li-lu-su, v.i., cf. 哩^嚕 li-lu, 哩^哩囉囉 li-li-luo-luo 40A.11.

哺 Num. Index: 40A.42-1 buu .

V.t. (1) Chew.
(2) Feed (infant) after chewing, like birds, or from breast: 反哺 (of crows reputed) to feed parents.

Words 1. 哺乳類 bur-ruu-leih, n., (zoo.) mammalia.

喃 Num. Index: 40A.42-1 narn .

Adj. Chattering, mumbling: 喃喃 narn-narn↓;
呢喃 muttering, chattering, (birds) twittering.

Words 1. narn-narn, adj., (1) mumbling: 喃喃自語 mumbling to oneself;
2. narn-narn, adj., (2) (of voice in reading) low and indistinct.

嘲 Num. Index: 40A.42-1 jau (*chaur ).

V.i. & t. (1) To sneer at, jeer, scoff: 嘲笑，嘲弄 jau-shiauh, jau-luhng↓;
譏嘲 to ridicule (person);
解嘲 to explain or defend oneself against ridicule;
冷嘲熱諷，連嘲帶罵 alternately taunt and jeer (at person).
(2) (*chaur) To provoke, annoy by taunting: 嘲惹，嘲撥 jau-ree, jau-bor↓.
(3) (Birds) twitter: 嘲啾 jau-jiou↓.

Words 1. 嘲撥 *chaur-bor, v.t., to tease (a decorous lady), to try to flirt with.
2. 嘲歌 *chaur-ge, v.i, (MC) to sing heartily.
3. 嘲哳 jau-jar, v.i., to make vexing or confusing noise, as birds’ twitter, make a hubbub.
4. 嘲啾 jau-jiou, n. & v.i., birds’ twitter or similar light, confusing noise, murmur.
5. 嘲弄 jau-luhng, v.t. & n., make fun of, twit, sneer.
6. 嘲罵 jau-mah, n. & v.t., scold, taunt, twit, jeer.
7. 嘲惹 *chaur-ree, v.t., to provoke by words.
8. 嘲訕 jau-shahn, v.i., to sneer at, scoff, ridicule (person).
9. 嘲笑 jau-shiauh, v.t., to ridicule (person).

啃 Num. Index: 40A.42-2 keen (*kehn ).

V.t. (1) To bite, chew: 啃骨頭 chew bones;
死啃書本 try to memorize books without thinking.
(2) (*kehn) (Coll.) to eat, nibble.

哨 Num. Index: 40A.42-2 shauh .

N. (1) A patrol, sentinel: 放哨 set up sentinels along road for security;
哨兵，哨馬，哨船 shauh-bing, shauh-maa, shauh-chuarn↓.
(2) (shauh-tz, ’l) A whistle: 吹哨 blow whistle;
吹口哨 blow whistle with bare mouth.

V.i. & t. To whistle;
(of birds) to twitter or sing.

Adj. whistling: 哨箭 a whistling arrow.

Words 1. 哨棒 shauh-bahng, n., a wooden truncheon, club.
2. 哨兵 shauh-bing, n., a sentinel.
3. 哨船 shauh-chuarn, n., a patrol boat.
4. 哨馬 shauh-maa, n., cavalry guard.
5. 哨探 shauh-tahn, n., army scout.

嘴 Num. Index: 40A.42-2 tzueei .

N. (1) The bill (beak) of a bird.
(2) The snout of an animal.
(3) The mouth of a human being: 嘴甜心苦 (辣) a cruel heart under the cover of sugar-coated words;
嘴嘴舌舌 garrulous, loquacious;
七嘴八舌 conflicting views, divided counsel;
回嘴 to answer back, retort;
多嘴 talkative, gossipy;
插嘴 interrupt (conversation);
撇嘴 a disdainful look, to pout (as a child about to cry);
歪嘴 wry-mouthed;
努嘴 make a signal with one’s mouth or closed lips;
抿嘴 to purse up one’s lips;
親嘴 to kiss.
張嘴 open mouth;
閉嘴 close mouth, also (tell s.o.) to shut up;
油嘴 glib-tongued;
利嘴 sharp-tongued;
掌嘴 a slap on the face, a box on the ear.
(4) Anything that sticks out: 山嘴 the spur of a hill;
瓶嘴 the mouth of a bottle;
煙袋嘴 the mouthpiece of a tobacco pipe;
茶壺嘴 the spout of a teapot.

Words 1. 嘴巴 tzueei-’ba, n., the mouth: 打嘴巴 give s.o. a box on the ear (a slap across the mouth);
2. 嘴巴 tzueei-’ba, n., 打自己嘴巴 contradict oneself;
3. 嘴巴 tzueei-’ba, n., 嘴巴匙子 a box on the ear, a slap on the face;
4. 嘴巴 tzueei-’ba, n., 嘴巴骨 the jawbone, (also wr. 吧).
5. 嘴把式 tzueir-baa-’shy, n., a person given to empty talk.
6. 嘴把子 tzueir-baa-tz, n., the cheeks as part of mouth.
7. 嘴笨 tzueei-behn, adj., clumsy of speech.
8. 嘴鼻 tzueei-bir, n., facial appearance (“mouth and nose”).
9. 嘴不穩 tzueei-buh-ween, adj., talkative and unable to keep a secret.
10. 嘴敞 tzueir-chaang, adj., talkative, gossipy, long-tongued.
11. 嘴岔兒 tzeei-chah-’l, n., corners of the mouth;
12. 嘴岔兒 tzeei-chah-’l, n., 嘴岔子 (tzueei-chah-tz, ditto.
13. 嘴饞 tzeei-charn, adj., greedy, gluttonous.
14. 嘴嗛 tzeei-chiarn, v.i., apt to offend people with words.
15. 嘴強 tzueei-chiarng, adj., unyielding, obstinate in argument, argumentative.
16. 嘴勤 tzueei-chirn, adj., fond of talking, ready of speech.
17. 嘴唇 (兒) tzueei-churn(tzueei-chuer-’l) n., the lips.
18. 嘴吃屎 tzueei-chy-shyy, phr., to fall prostrate.
19. 嘴打人 tzueir-daa-rern, v.i., to abuse, slander or ridicule people.
20. 嘴乖 tzueei-guai, adj., clever in speech, clever-tongued.
21. 嘴尖 tzueei-jian, adj., sharptongued: 嘴尖舌巧 gifted with a quick and sharp tongue.
22. 嘴急 tzueei-jir, adj., impatient to eat.
23. 嘴直 tzueei-jyr, adj., honest (straightforward) in speech, outspoken.
24. 嘴啃地 tzueir-keen-dih, phr., to fall prostrate (“bite the dust”).
25. 嘴快 tzueei-kuaih, adj., given to making crude or unthinking remarks.
26. 嘴兒 tzueei-’l, n., (1) eloquence;
27. 嘴兒 tzueei-’l, n., (2) a pointed mouth (of bottle, jug, kettle).
28. 嘴懶 tzueir-laan, adj., reticent, not disposed to talk.
29. 嘴冷 tzueir-leeng, adj., blunt, rash in speech.
30. 嘴臉 (兒) tzueir-liaan (tzueir-liaa-’l), n., (contemptuous) hideous (ugly) looks.
31. 嘴抹兒 tzueei-’mo-’l, n., (contempt.) wasteful words (“spittle”).
32. 嘴末子 tzeei-’mo-tz, n., ditto.
33. 嘴皮子 tzueei-pir-tz, n., (coll.) a ready tongue.
34. 嘴貧 tzueei-pirn, adj., given to nasty talk (also 嘴頻).
35. 嘴碎 tzueei-sueih, adj., see tzueei-pirn↑.
36. 嘴損 tzueir-suun, adj., sharp-tongued, cutting in speech.
37. 嘴頭兒 tzueei-’tour-’l, n., see tzueei-tour-tz↓.
38. 嘴頭子 tzueei-tour-tz, n., (1) ability to talk: 嘴頭子厲害 cutting in speech, sharp-tongued;
39. 嘴頭子 tzueei-tour-tz, n., (2) the lips.
40. 嘴嚴 tzueei-yarn, adj., closemouthed, tight-lipped.
41. 嘴硬 tzueei-yihng, adj., see tzueei-chiarng↑.

喘 Num. Index: 40A.42-2 chuaan .

N. Lingering breath: 殘喘 ditto;
哮喘 asthma.

V.i. To pant: 喘一口氣 draw a long breath;
喘噓 to pant, be short of breath;
喘喘氣 pause for breath.

Words 1. 喘氣 chuaan-chih, v.i., to pant, short of breath.
2. 喘息 chuaan-shir, v.i., pause for breath: 喘息初定 just as one recovers one’s breath (s.t. happens), recover from fear and confusion.

嚆 Num. Index: 40A.42-2 hau .

Words 1. 嚆矢 hau-shyy, n., (LL) forerunner, beginning (of events).

嗝 Num. Index: 40A.42-3 ger .

V.i. To belch: 嗝噎，打嗝兒 hiccup;
嗝症 hiccup.

嚅 Num. Index: 40A.42-3 rur .

Words 1. 嚅唲 rur-erl, v.i., make a forced smile.
2. 嚅囁 rur-nieh, v.i., to mumble in low voice (as if out of fear).

喟 Num. Index: 40A.42-4 kueih .

V.t. To sigh, draw a long breath.

Words 1. 喟然 kueih-rarn, adv., as in 喟然興嘆 (LL) draw a long breath and sigh.
2. 喟嘆 kueih-tahn, v.i., to sigh.

喁 Num. Index: 40A.42-4 yurng (also yur ).

Adj. 喁喁 waiting anxiously;
喁喁待哺 waiting with open mouth to be fed.

啁 Num. Index: 40A.42-4 jou .

V.i. (Of birds) to twitter: 啁啁，啁哳，啁啾 make cries like the peetweet.

Words 1. 啁㣌 jou-jiou, n., a very small bird like the wren (＝鷦鷯).

喎 Num. Index: 40A.42-4 kuai . [Var. of 咼 42.42]

□ Num. Index: 40A.42-5 juu . [Abbr. of 囑 40A.50↓]

唷 Num. Index: 40A.42-6 yo .

Excl. 啊唷，喔唷 a-yoh, o-yoh, excl. of regret, disapproval.

噙 Num. Index: 40A.42-8 chirn (also hern ).

V.t. To keep in moouth;
to bite (related 含 81.40).

吶 Num. Index: 40A.42-8 nah .

Adv. (Of speech) hesitating, slow: 吶吶 nah-nah↓.

Words 1. 吶喊 nah-haan, n. & v.i., (utter) loud shouts in support: 搖旗吶喊 flag-waving and slogan-shouting as a sign of support at a mass rally or (fig.) in a political or social movement.
2. 吶吶 nah-nah, adj., slow of speech.

凑 Num. Index: 40A.42-9 shiaang . [Pop. of 響 93.41]

□ Num. Index: 40A.50-1 kuaa .

Adj. (North Chian coll.) (of person’s speech) foreign in accent.

噶 Num. Index: 40A.50-2 gar (also pr. ger in transliterating foreign names).

V.i. To bet, wager.

Words 1. 噶點兒 gar-diaa-’l, v.i., (northern dial.) to bet: 咱們噶個點兒吧 I’ll bet you!
2. 噶東兒 gar-dung-’l, v.i., (northern dial.) to wager: 咱們噶個東兒吧 let’s wager something!

泋 Num. Index: 40A.50-2

Fin. part. Used in such expressions as 那才怪泋! that would be strange, indeed! 何必泋 why so much fuss? 去就去泋 let’s go and not hesitate, (same as unacented 了).

喝 Num. Index: 40A.50-4 he (*heh ).

V.i. & t. (1) To drink (water, tea, liquid): 喝醉 get drunk;
喝風 esp. 喝西北風 to suffer from cold and hunger, having nothing to eat;
喝啞吧酒 to drink silently at feast without converstaion;
喝冬瓜湯 be matchmaker;
喝過墨水 (person) has read a great deal (“has drunk ink”);
喝過洋墨水 has studied foreign books or abroad;
喝邊兒 to visit singsong house in company and without pay.
(2) (he or *heh) To shout, to command by shouting: 吆喝 to threaten;
喝令 to shout command (to do s.t.);
喝止 yell at s.o. to stop;
喝六呼么 to gamble at dice game (“shout for 6 or 1 to turn up”).

Excl. Ah! oh!

Words 1. 喝道 *heh-dauh, v.i., to act as escort to open the way for approaching official (also wr. 呵導).
2. 喝 (兒) 呼 he-’hu (he-’l-’hu), v.i., to shout and yell, threaten.
3. 喝采 he-tsaai (heh-’tsaai), v.i. & t., to applaud (performer) also wr. 喝彩).

噣 Num. Index: 40A.50-4 jiouh (*jour .

N. A bird’s bill.

V.i. & t. (*juor) To peck at (usu. wr.啄).

□ Num. Index: 40A.50-4 eh . [Var. of 𡚒 42A.50]

叼 Num. Index: 40A.50-5 diau . [Dist. 叨]

V.i. & t. to hold in the mouth: 叼幵香煙，煙斗 have a cigarette, pipe, hanging in mouth;
狗叼骨頭 dog holding bone in mouth.

叨 Num. Index: 40A.50-5 tau (*dau ).

V.t. (1) receive: 叨蒙 (LL) receive (gifts, visit, etc.);
see 叨教，叨光 tau-jiauh, tau-guang↓.
(2) (*dau) Chatter.

Adj. Unworthy: 叨在知己 (court.) unworthily (i.e., have the honor to) be reckoned among your friends.

Words 1. 叨叨 *dau-dau, v.i., chatter 叨叨念念 muttering, grumbling, see also dau-lau, dau-’deng↓.
2. 叨登 (叨蹬) *dau-’deng, v.i., chatter, jabber: 又來叨蹬這件事 again came to talk about this thing;
3. 叨登 (叨蹬) *dau-’deng, v.i., turn things uspside down.
4. 叨光 tau-guang, v.i., have the honor—(LL, court.) formula for thanking person for gifts or favors or for request.
5. 叨教 tau-jiauh, v.i., have the benefit of your advice.
6. 叨嘮 *dau-’lau, v.i., grumble, mutter.
7. 叨念 *dau-niahn, v.i., ditto.
8. 叨擾 tau-raau, v.i., (court.) apologize for the trouble one has caused to one’s host;
9. 叨擾 tau-raau, v.i., 叨擾了 “thank you ever so much!”
10. 叨沓 tau-tah, adj., greedy.

呣 Num. Index: 40A.50-5 m (varying tone).

Excl. Denoting the sound “m,” sometimes rendered in English as “hmm,” but used to express variously disapproval, surprise reaction, grim consideration;
cf. 唔 40A.40, and 嘸 40A.63.

嗎 Num. Index: 40A.50-5 ma (indeterminate questioning tone and *maa ).

Vin. part. Final particle used at end of questions: 是你嗎 is it you? 你來嗎 are you coming? 她要嗎 does she want it, want to? 這不是很不合理嗎 isn’t this very unreasonale? (also wr. 麼).

Words 1. 嗎啡 *maa-fei, n., morphine: 打嗎啡，嗎啡針 injection of morphine.
2. 嗎呼 *maa-’hu, adj., lousy, slipshod (see 麻^呼61.01).

囑 Num. Index: 40A.50-5 juu .

N. Will: 遺囑 person’s will or dying instructions.

V.i. & t. To leave word for s.t. to be done;
to ask (a friend) to do s.t.;
to entrust (s.o.): 叮囑 to repeat order or insructions of parting (as mother on son going away form home).

Words 1. 囑咐 juu-fuh, v.t., ask (s.o.) to do s.t.
2. 囑託 juu-tuo, v.t., to entrust (friend) with a message or mission.

嗙 Num. Index: 40A.50-6 paang .

V.i. To boast esp. 胡吹亂嗙.

嗨 Num. Index: 40A.50-6 hai .

Excl. Hai! an exclamation, bespeaking regret (usu. wr. 咳 40.81).

吩 Num. Index: 40A.50-8 fen .

Words 1. 吩咐 fen-fuh, v.i. & t., give order, order (person), often used in courtesty, “just command me”: 聽你吩咐 will do what you say.

嗡 Num. Index: 40A.50-8 weng .

Adj. 嗡嗡 descriptive of humming (flies, distant geese).

燝 Num. Index: 40A.50-8 shi .

V.i. & t. (1) To suck in (＝吸).
(2) (AC) to compress, opp. to 張 expand.

嗚 Num. Index: 40A.50-9 wu .

Adj. Descriptive of sound of train whistle, distant horns, etc.

Excl. 嗚呼 Ough! Oo! see 嗚呼 wu-hu↓.

Words 1. 嗚呼 wu-hu, (1) adj., Ough! alas;
2. 嗚呼 wu-hu, (2) v.i, to die: 一命嗚呼 alas, he died! (also wr. 嗚虖).
3. 嗚嗚 wu-wu, adj., see Adj.↑.
4. 嗚咽 wu-yeh, v.i., to sob.

鳴 Num. Index: 40A.50-9 mirng .

V.i. & t. (1) To cry, utter a cry (of horse, cow, birds, insects): 雞鳴 the cock crows;
鳴嘶 to neigh;
to make a booming sound: 雷鳴 thunder rumbles.
(2) To beat (drum, gong) and make a sound: 鳴鼓 beat drum;
鳴鼓 beat drum;
鳴鼓而攻之 (Confucius said of a disciple), “Beat a drum and drive him out”;
鳴鞭 crack a whip;
鳴鑼 strike a gong;
鳴金 war signal for retreat;
鳴砲 fire a gun salute;
鳴琴 to strike a stringed instrument.
(3) To cry aloud: 鳴謝 cry thanks;
鳴冤 cry for redress of wrong;
自鳴得意 crow over one’s success;
不平之鳴 voice of protest.

Words 1. 鳴禽類 mirng-chirn-leih, n., (zoo.) Passeriformes, small birds (including swallows, sparrows).
2. 鳴鏑 mirng-dir, n., (AC) singing arrow as war signal.
3. 鳴鳳 mirng-fehng, n., crying phoenix. ((fig.) very rare, distinguished individual, a voice from the wilderness.
4. 鳴管 mirng-guaan, n., (zoo.) the syrinx, vocal organ of songbirds.
5. 鳴鐘 mirng-jung, n., clock strikes (half-past-two, etc.).
6. 鳴榔 (桹) mirng-larng, n., wooden clapper used by fishermen to frighten and chase fish into net.
7. 鳴鸞 mirng-luarn, n., (AC) emperor’s procession on a trip.
8. 鳴蜩 mirng-tiaur, n., a form of cicada.

嘮 Num. Index: 40A.50-9 laur .

V.i. To chatter.

Words 1. 嘮叨 laur-’dau, adj., loquacious, garrulous.
2. 嘮嘮 laur-laur, adj., noisy.

嘮 Num. Index: 嘮呶

吻 Num. Index: 40A.50-9 ween .

N. A kiss: 親吻，接吻 ditto.

V.t. To kiss.

Words 1. 吻合 ween-her, v.t., (joints) fit together well;
2. 吻合 ween-her, v.t., (several reports or report and actual happenings) agree, fit together well.

啕 Num. Index: 40A.50-9 taur .

V.i. See 嚎^啕 40A.02↑.

呦 Num. Index: 40A.50-9 you .

Adj. 呦呦 (AC) sound of flowing water, deer crying.

Excl. Excl. of surprise disapproval.

喲 Num. Index: 40A.50-9 yau . [Var. of 唷 excl. 40A.42↑]

嚥 Num. Index: 40A.63-2 yahn .

V.t. To swallow: 嚥下去 swllow (it);
嚥氣 to draw last breath.

□ Num. Index: 40A.63-6 jeh .

Adv. Gabby, talkative;
□□ (MC) yes, yes!

㣌 Num. Index: 40A.63-9 jiauh (*jiau , *jiou).

V.t. Chew, munch, nibble: 㣌類 jiauh-leih↓.

Adj. (1) (*jiau) Strident: 㣌殺 jiau-sha↓.
(2) (*jiou) (Of birds) chirping twittering.

Words 1. 㣌類 jiauh-leih, n., living beings: 無㣌類 (AC, LL) all exterminated, not a living soul remains.
2. 㣌殺 *jiau-sha, adj., (of voice) strident.

咚 Num. Index: 40A.63-9 dung .

Adj. 咕咚 gu-dung, descriptive of rumbling sounds or cart rattle.

嘸 Num. Index: 40A.63-9 mr .

Adv. (Soochow dial.) in comp. 嘸不 have not;
嘸啥 quite good, fair.

嘵 Num. Index: 40A.70-1 shiau .

Words 1. 嘵嘵 shiau-shiau, adv., (1) disturbed, restless;
2. 嘵嘵 shiau-shiau, adv., (2) garrulous, arguing endlessly.

唵{ aan.

Excl. (Budd.) rendering of Sanskr. om, opening syllable in charms.

呲 Num. Index: 40A.70-2 tsy .

V.t. To chide: 挨呲 be chided (also wr. 雌).

唬 Num. Index: 40A.70-2 huu .

N. Tiger’s roar.

V.t. To frighten: 嚇唬 to scare (by trick);
唬人 to scare person by trick;
唬事 ditto.

叱 Num. Index: 40A.70-2 chyh .

V.i. & t. To scold, shout at, bawl out (person), to bellow: 大叱一聲 shouted out loud;
叱令 shouted an order.

Words 1. 叱叱 chyh-chyh, v.i., to make shouting noise, like “Tut! tut!”
2. 叱咄 chyh-duoh, v.i., shouting and yelling.
3. 叱喝 chyh-heh, v.i. & t., to yell, yell at s.o.
4. 叱卂 chyh-jah, v.i., see chyh-douh↑.
5. 叱嗟 chyh-jie, v.i., see chyh-douh↑.
6. 叱罵 chyh-mah, v.t., to scold, rebuke harshly.
7. 叱責 chyh-tzer, v.t., ditto.

咷 Num. Index: 40A.70-2 taur .

V.i. See 號^咷 40S.70.

□ Num. Index: 40A.70-3 eei .

Excl. (Disapproval): □，你怎麼這樣 Oh, how can you do this?

吼 Num. Index: 40A.70-3 hoou .

N. & v.i. A roar of lions, tigers, etc.: 吼聲 a roaring or shrill cry;
大吼，怒吼 a great cry.

减 Num. Index: 40A.70-4 jouh . [Pop. of 咒 40.70]

呃 Num. Index: 40A.70-5 eh .

V.i. To belch: 呃逆 ditto.

呢 Num. Index: 40A.70-5 nir (*ne ).

Fin. part. (sp. pr. *’ne) Used in asking questions for purposes of emphasis: 這怎麼行呢 how can this do? 你為什麼不來呢 why didn’t you come? 多麼美呢 how pretty it is! 他還沒來呢 he hasn’t come yet;
having the sense of “how about the other?” 你去看戲，我呢 you are going to the movie, how about me?

N. Woolen cloth: 呢子 woolen goods;
毛呢 coarse woolens;
花呢 checkered woolens;
呢絨 woolens and flannels.

Adj. Murmuring: 呢喃 (of swallows) twittering;
(of persons) whispering.

吧 Num. Index: 40A.70-5 ba (usu. ’ba).

Fin. part. (Usu. unaccented), as var. of 罷. (1) showing command, request, termination of discussion: 來吧來吧 come, come! 去吧去吧 go! do not stand around! 算了吧！ have done with it!
(2) Showing doubt, hesitation, questioning mood: 不會吧 I don’t think it could be that;
不是吧 I doubt it;
沒有來過吧 you have never been here, have you?
(3) Marking an alternative supposition: 不去吧，他要怪我們 on the other hand, if we don’t go, he will blame us;
cf. 罷 41.70.

Adj. 啞^吧 40A.30, dumb.

Words 1. 吧吧 ba-ba, adj., loquacious.
2. 吧嗒嘴 (兒) ba-da-tzueei(’l), v.i., make clicking noise with tongue, as in eating;
3. 吧嗒嘴 (兒) ba-da-tzueei(’l), adj., greedy, envious of others.
4. 吧噠棍 ba-dar-guhn, n., a six-foot stick, used in fighting (also 巴棍子 ba-guhn-tz).
5. 吧唧 ba-’ji, v.i., ,move jaw up and down as in eating.
6. 吧兒吧兒 ba-’l-ba-’l, adj., clear, flowing-voiced.
7. 吧呀吧呀 ba-’ya-ba’ya, n., big-mouthed (child);
8. 吧呀吧呀 ba-’ya-ba’ya, v.i., quarrel (among children).

吭 Num. Index: 40A.70-6 harng .

N. The throat: 引吭高歌 to sing or shout with outstretched neck;
絕吭自盡 cut one’s throat in suicide.

喨 Num. Index: 40A.70-6 liahng .

Adj. See 嘹^喨 40A.01.

嚨 Num. Index: 40A.70-6 lurng .

N. See 喉^嚨 40A.81.

卂 Num. Index: 40A.70-6 jah .

V.i. (1) To roar, bellow: 叱^卂 ditto, see 40A.70.
(2) (AC) 毋卂食 do not chew noisily.

吒 Num. Index: 40A.70-9 jah . [Var. 卂 40A.70↑]

□ Num. Index: 40A.70-9 tzauh .

Adj. 囉口 noisy, vociferous.

簕 Num. Index: 40A.70-9 kaai (also kaih ).

V.i. Sigh, regret (also wr. 慨).

吪 Num. Index: 40A.70-9 er . [Anc. var. 訛 60A.70]

吃 Num. Index: 40A.70-9 chy (*jir ). [Interch. 喫]

V.i. & t. (1) to eat (lit.), sometimes also drink, smoke: 吃了 have already taken (food);
吃得 eatable;
吃不得 (person) must not eat, not eatale;
吃不了 (person)cannot finish food portion, (thing) insupportable:;
好吃的 good to eat;
好難吃 very unpalatable;
吃不下 (person) cannot take food, (food) unpalatable;
窮得吃不上了 so poor that one has nothing to eat;
吃飯 take a meal;
吃飯了沒有 have you already eaten? also see 2↓;
吃酒 drink wine;
吃花酒 attend dinner with singsong girls;
吃喜酒 go to wedding feast;
吃孼 smoke;
吃大孼 smoke opium;
有吃有喝 have plenty to eat and drink;
吃喝不盡 enough to live on for life;
吃犒勞 (shop employees, etc). eat special dinner on holidays;
吃豆腐 to enjoy s.t. at s.o.’s expense,also flirt with girl;
吃獨食 will not share (gain, profit) with others;
吃瓦片 live off rentals;
吃西北風 feeding on cold wind—having nothing to eat.
(2) To depend (on job, person) for a living, to et off (s.o.): 一家子吃他一個人 the whole family depend on him alone for living;
這個飯不容易吃 this is a hard way to earn a living;
吃大戶 eat off a rich person in times of famine;
吃喝不分 fare and share all together;
吃現成 (兒) 飯 live off s.t. without work;
吃你的，吃我的 board provided by you, by myself.
(3) to bear, receive, take (in many senses, as isults, bullets, etc.): 吃不消 cannot bear any longer (job, way of living);
吃槍彈，吃一刀 receive a shot, a knife cut;
吃黑棗兒 be shot as punishment;
吃罪 chy-tzueih↓;
吃驚 chy-jing, 吃力 chy-lih, 吃苦 chy-kuu↓;
吃便宜 take advantage of others;
吃官司 be involved in lawsuit;
吃掛絡兒 get into lawsuit by being involved with others;
吃墨紙 chy-moh-jyy↓.
(4) To take advantage of, to overcome, absorb, cover up, displace: 吃棋子 to take off opponent’s piece at chess;
吃軟不吃硬 bully the weak but yield to one who can fight back;
這船吃多深水 what is the displacement of this ship;
屋簷被那堵牆吃住了 the roof is blocked from view by that wall;
淺黃色被深紅吃住 light yellow loses its color when placed next to crimson;
我的錢被小偷吃去了 my money was pilfered by pickpocket;
吃那廝騙了 was swindled by that fellow.

Words 1. 吃本 chy-been, v.i., run business at a loss.
2. 吃錢 chy-chiarn, phr., to take bribe.
3. 吃的 chy-’de, n., things to eat: 吃的穿的都有 have enough food and clothing.
4. 吃館子 chy-guaan-tz, v.i., to dine out at restaurant.
5. 吃喝兒 chy-’he-’l, n., foodstuffs: 吃喝兒太貴 foodstuffs are too expensive.
6. 吃齋 chy-jai, v.i., take vegetarian food (a Budd. vow).
7. 吃勁 chy-jihn, adj., (work) takes a lot of strength to do.
8. 吃緊 chy-jiin, v.i., (trun of events) becomes critical, (hear bad news from the war, etc.).
9. 吃驚 chy-jing, v.i., get a fright: 吃一大驚 get a shock.
10. 吃重 chy-juhng, v.i., bear the brunt of burden.
11. 吃虧 chy-kuei, (1) V.i., to take a loss, not receive what is due: 吃個大虧 take a bad loss (in deal);
12. 吃虧 chy-kuei, V.i., 好漢不吃眼前虧 a wise man does not fight when the odds are against him—beautiful term for collaboration;
13. 吃虧 chy-kuei, (2) conj., unfortunately: 吃虧他不在此 unfortunately he is not here (and so misses a good opportuntiy).
14. 吃苦 chy-kuu, v.i., (1) to suffer: 他要吃苦了 he is going to pay for it;
15. 吃苦 chy-kuu, v.i., (2) have the capacity for enduring hardships.
16. 吃兒 che-’l, n., things to eat: 今天有什麼好吃兒 what food have we got for today?
17. 吃糧 chy-liarng, v.i., (coll.) to get goverment rations, i.e., serve as soldier.
18. 吃力 chy-lih, v.i., (things) take a lot of doing: 吃力不討好 a thankless task.
19. 吃墨紙 chy-moh-jyy, n., blotting paper.
20. 吃香 chy-shiang, v.i., be popular, in current demand or fashion: 現在理科很吃香 now the study of science is very popular.
21. 吃心 chy-shin, v.i., (1) (＝吃心力) take a lot of thinking;
22. 吃心 chy-shin, v.i., (2) to worry one.
23. 吃水 chy-shueei, v.i., (1) (ship) have a displacement of water;
24. 吃水 chy-shueei, v.i., (2) (person) drink water;
25. 吃水 chy-shueei, v.i., (3) (soil) retain water.
26. 吃食 chy-shyr, n., snacks, tidbits.
27. 吃素 chy-suh, v.i., take only vegetarian food.
28. 吃私 chy-sy, v.i., mishandle public funds.
29. 吃醋 chy-tsuh, v.i., (of man or woman) be jealous.
30. 吃罪 chy-tzueih, v.i., suffer or suffer blame: 吃罪不起 responsibility for the blame will be too great for me.

咆 Num. Index: 40A.70-9 paur .

N. & v.i. Roar.

Words 1. 咆哮 paur-shiau, v.i., rage and roar, like a lion (var. 咆咻 paur-shiou, 咆烋 paur-shiau).

吮 Num. Index: 40A.70-9 shuun .

V.t. To suck: 吮乳 suck at breast;
含毫吮墨 moisten tip of writing brush with lips (pause to think while writing);
吮癰□痔 suck the ulcers and piles of another person—play the lickboot.

□ Num. Index: 40A.70-9 tir . [Anc. var. of 啼 40A.22]

□ Num. Index: 40A.71-2 shi .

Excl. Ah, oh! 噓□ ditto.

嘎 Num. Index: 40A.71-3 ga (also gar ).

Adj. Descriptive of sounds, see compp.↓, also used to translate foreign names with ga-ga, ca-ga, sounds.

Words 1. 嘎叭 ga-ba, adj., cracking, splitting sound.
2. 嘎巴 ga-’ba, (1) n., a solidified mass: 糊嘎巴 the burnt rice or other food that adheres to the bottom of the cooking pot;
3. 嘎巴 ga-’ba, n., 鼻涕嘎巴 solidified mucus form the nose;
4. 嘎巴 ga-’ba, n., 嘎巴兒 anything solidified into a mass;
5. 嘎巴 ga-’ba, (2) v.i., solidify, become solidified: 他的鼻涕都嘎巴上了 the mucus from his nose has caked;
6. 嘎巴 ga-’ba, v.i., 嘎巴流星 the same solidified into a dirty mass;
7. 嘎巴 ga-’ba, v.i., 嘎裡嘎巴 dirty and disgusting;
8. 嘎巴 ga-’ba, v.i., untidy.
9. 嘎迸脆 ga-bihng-tsueih, adj., crisp (cake).
10. 嘎調 gar-diauh, n., (Chin. opera) staccato.
11. 嘎嘎 ga-ga, (1) adj., sound of laughter: 嘎嘎的笑;
12. 嘎嘎 ga-ga, (2) adj., 嘎嘎兒 gar-ga-’l, of a long, slender shape with a bulging middle: 嘎嘎棗兒 olive-like dates;
13. 嘎嘎 ga-ga, adj., 嘎嘎兒 any olive-like thing, (facet.) a naughty fellow;
14. 嘎嘎 ga-ga, adj., 嘎嘎兒天 days cool in the morning and evening and hot at noontime;
15. 嘎嘎 ga-ga, (3) 嘎嘎渣渣 ga-ga-ja-ja, n., dregs.
16. 嘎吱 ga-jy, adj., crackling, laughing sound.
17. 嘎啦 ga-la, adj., rumbling sound.

喊 Num. Index: 40A.71-7 haan .

V.i. To shout, yell, howl: 大喊，喊叫 yell (as for help);
吶喊 shout as a crowd;
oft. ＋adj. or vb.: 喊好兒 to yell applause;
喊冤枉 to call attention by shouting a grievance;
喊救命 cry “Help! hlep!”喊痛 shriek with pain;
喊苦 bawl out pain or suffering;
喊殺連天 the air is filled with shouts of “Kill! Kill!”

嘁 Num. Index: 40A.71-7 chi .

Adj. (A low sibilant sound) whispering, hissing: 大家都嘁嘁喳喳 there was a lot of titte-tattle (in the room).

哦 Num. Index: 40A.71-9 or (also er ).

V.i. 吟哦 to recite (poem) with intonation.

Excl. (Surprise) oh? is that so? really?

Words 1. 哦呵 or-’ho (also er-’ho), excl., (surprise, satisfaction, admiration) aha! 哦呵，來了這麼多的人 aha! so many people have come!
2. 哦呀 or-’ya (also er-’ya), excl., (surprise) oh, my! (again another murder, etc.).
3. 哦唷 (喲) or-’yo (also er-yo), excl., (surprise, sometimes mocking) oh, my! (so much! etc.).

嘰 Num. Index: 40A.71-9 ji .

V.i. & t. (1) V.i., to sigh in disapproval.
(2) V.t., take a small bite of.

Adj. & adv. Imitating a variety of sounds, see compp.↓.

Words 1. 嘰咕 ji-’gu, v.i., (1) to grumble, mumble, murmur, complain;
2. 嘰咕 ji-’gu, v.i., (2) to set one person against another, sow seeds of discord.
3. 嘰嘰嘎嘎 ji-ji-ga-ga, v.i, cackle in laughter, giggle (also 咭咭呱呱 ji-ji-gua-gua).
4. 嘰嘰咕咕 ji-ji-gu-gu, v.i., to whisper together.
5. 嘰哩咕嚕 ji-li-gu-lu, v.i., to talk in low whispers;
6. 嘰哩咕嚕 ji-li-gu-lu, v.i., 嘰哩旮旯兒 ji-li-ga-lar-’l, (look for s.t.) everywhere, every nook and corner.

噫 Num. Index: 40A.72-6 yi (also yih ).

Excl. Alas!

唸 Num. Index: 40A.72-8 niahn .

V.t. To read, chant: 唸書 read a book;
唸經 chant Buddhist scriptures (oft. wr. 念).

劵 Num. Index: 40A.72-9 hu .

Words 1. 劵哨 hu-shauh, n. & v.i., (give) a whistle call.

嘖 Num. Index: 40日.80-1 tzer

V.i. (1) To grumble: 嘖有煩言 (LL) there are complaints all around.
(2) 嘖嘖 (Of birds) to chirp;
(of persons) sing the praises of s.o.: 嘖嘖稱善 praise with clicking of tongue.

噴 Num. Index: 40A.80-1 pen (also pehn , *fehn .)

V.i.1 & t. To spray, sprinkle, spit out, gush out as in spring 噴水: ditto;
噴氣 blow out, send out steam, gas;
to sneeze in 噴嚏 pen-tih↓;
噴鼻而（兒香） feel sharp aroma, extremely fragrant;
噴蛆口 (derog.) foul-mouthed person (“spit out worms”);
噴雲吐霧 (of opium smokers) filling room with a cloud of smoke.

Words 1. 噴勃 pen-bor¹, adj., (AC) filling room (of music).
2. 薄噴 pen-bor², v.i., (AC) gush forth.
3. 噴泉 pen-chyuarn, n., fountain, geyser.
4. 噴飯 pen-fahn, v.i., choke with laughter.
5. 噴火山 pen-huuo-shan, n., ＝火山, volcano.
6. 噴口 pen-koou, n., crater.
7. 噴噴 pen-pen, adj., (AC) fast in talking.
8. 噴射 pen-sheh, n., jet;
9. 噴射 pen-sheh, n., 噴射機 pen-sheh-ji, n., jet airplane.
10. 噴水池 pen-shueei-chyr, n., fountain.
11. 噴嚏 pen-tih, (also *fehn-tih), v.i., sneeze.
12. 噴桶 pen-tung, n., can for sprinkling flowers.
13. 噴霧器 pen-wuh-chih, n., spray can, atomizer.

噸 Num. Index: 40A.80-1 duhn .

N. A ton, measure of weight or cubic measure: 噸位 tonnage (of ship).

囋 Num. Index: 40A.80-1 tzahn . [Var. of 讚 60A.80]

V.i. & t. (AC) give more information than asked for.

哄 Num. Index: 40A.80-2 hung (*huung ).

V.i. (Of a crowd) to roar, make an uproar: 哄堂大笑 the audience roared in laughter, an uproar of laughter in the audience;
哄傳 (of news) circulate abroad.

V.t. (*huung) (1) To scare (person) by a false story: 你不要哄人 you are trying to throw a scare, I won’t believe what you say.
(2) to coax (a child).

Words 1. 哄動 hung-duhng, v.i., as in 哄動一時 to cause a sensation.
2. 哄鬧 hung-nauh, v.i., to make a lot of noise.
3. 哄騙 *huug-piahn, v.t., to cheat by a hoax.

嗔 Num. Index: 40A.80-2 chen .

N. Angry expression: 含嗔 to pout, i.e., show contanined anger.
V.i. & t.1 (1) To show anger: 嬌嗔 (of woman) to pout prettily;
嗔笑 pouting smile.
(2) To taunt, chide (person): 嗔幵他 taunting him.

Words 1. 嗔詬 chen-gouh, v.t., (LL) to vilify, berate (person).
2. 嗔怪 chen-guaih, v.t., to upbraid (person).
3. 嗔喝 chen-heh, v.t., to yell at, rail at.
4. 嗔狂 chen-kwarng, adj., crazy, deranged.
5. 嗔睨 chen-nih, v.t., to glance at (person) with anger.
6. 嗔怒 chen-nuh, v.i., to become angry.

嗩 Num. Index: 40A.80-2 suoo .

Words 1. 嗩納 suoo-’na, n., a flute-like in strument of Turkish origin.

唄 Num. Index: 40A.80-4 baih .

N. 唄讚 intonation of Buddhist litany;
such singing;
c.f. 貝^文 41.80.

叭 Num. Index: 40A.80-8 ba .

N. See 喇^叭 40A.00.
叭叭＝巴^巴 52.70.

嗽 Num. Index: 40A.81-1 souh .

V.i. & t. (1) To cough: 咳嗽.
(2) To gargle: 嗽口 (also wr. 漱口).

喫 Num. Index: 40A.81-1 chy . [Interch. of 吃 40A.70]

吠 Num. Index: 40A.81-1 feih .

V.i. (Dogs) bark: 吠影吠聲 from 一犬吠形，百犬吠聲 one dog barks at a shadow and the pack barks at the noise, (contempt.) servile echoes;
蜀犬吠日 (allu.) a dog barking at the sun where sun is rarely seen as in the mountains of Szechuan, i.e., excitement over nothing;
桀犬吠堯 a pack of hounds barking at a good man.

咦 Num. Index: 40A.81-1 yir .

Excl. An excl. of surprise, of peevish disapproval;
also modn. excl. of surprise, pr. yee.

噗 Num. Index: 40A.81-2 pu .

Words 1. 噗嗤 (兒) pu-chy (pu-che-’l), adv., making sound of breaking into laughter (onomatopoetic word): 噗嗤笑了起來, oft. wr. 撲^哧 10A.81.

嘆 Num. Index: 40A.81-2 tahn . [Var. of 歎 20S.81]

噘 Num. Index: 40A.81-5 jyue .

V.i. Protrude lips, as a sign of displeasure: 噘嘴 pout.

咳 Num. Index: 40A.81-6 ker (*kaa , *hai , *haih ).

V.i. (1) To cough: 咳嗽 ker-’sou↓.
(2) (*kaa), to cough up: see 咳痰，咳血 kaa-tarn, kaa-shyueh↓;
咳出來 cough it out.

Adj. Descriptive of child’s laughter.

Excl. (*hai or *hai!) An audible sign: 咳！我怎麼忘了 ah! how I forgot! (*haih) an emphatic expression of regret: 咳！這真是意料不到的事 alas! who would ever think this would happen?

Words 1. 咳血 *kaa-shyueh, v.i., to cough blood.
2. 咳嗽 ker-’sou, v.i., to cough.
3. 咳痰 *kaa-tarn, v.i., to spit out phlegm.
4. 咳唾 ker-tuoh, n. & v.i., spittle;
5. 咳唾 ker-tuoh, n. & v.i., to make spitting sound.

嗾 Num. Index: 40A.81-6 tzur (soou ). [Cogn. 唆 suo, 42A.82]

V.t. To instigate, orig. whistle to dog to attack.

Words 1. 嗾使 sour-shyy (also tzur.), v.t., to instigate s.o. (to do s.t.).

噷 Num. Index: 40A.81-6 hm .

Excl. H’m!

唳 Num. Index: 40A.81-6 lih .

V.i. (Of birds) to cry: 風聲鶴唳 be scared at “the whistling of winds and the crying of cranes” —nervous atmosphere of war and turmoil.

□ Num. Index: 40A.81-8 shiauh . [Anc. var. of 笑 92A.81]

□ Num. Index: 40A.81-9 yii . [Abbr. of 以 21.81]

嗅 Num. Index: 40A.81-9 shiouh .

V.t. To smell: 嗅覺 the sense of smell;
嗅嗅看 try to smell it;
嗅到香味 smell s.t. sweet, fragrant.

喉 Num. Index: 40A.81-9 hour .

N. The throat, the larynx: 咽喉 “throat,” (fig.) strategic area;
喉科 (med.) laryngology, specialty on throat diseases.

Words 1. 喉急 hour-jir, adj., desperately anxious.
2. 喉嚨 hour-lurng (hour-’lung), n., (phys.) the throat: 喉嚨疼 a sore throat.
3. 喉痧 hour-sha, n., (med.) diphtheria (also called 白喉).
4. 喉舌 hour-sher, n., “throat and tongue”—mouthpiece: 為民喉舌 person who speaks for the people.
5. 喉頭 hour-tour, n., the larynx.
6. 喉痛 hour-tuhng, n., sore throat.
7. 喉音 hour-yin, n., glottal sound.

□ Num. Index: 40A.81-9 dir .

Words 1. □咕 dir-gu, v.i., jabber or whisper: 他們□咕了半天 the have been jabbering together a long while;
2. □咕 dir-gu, v.i., feel restless: 心况一直在□咕 feeling restless, palpitating, also □□咕咕 dir-dir-gu-gu.

啖 Num. Index: 40A.81-9 dahn . [Var. 啗]

V.i. & t. (1) To feed or bait.
(2) To bite and chew (food);
cf. 噉 40A.82.

吹 Num. Index: 40A.81-9 chuei (*chueih ).

V.i. & t. (1) To blow: 風吹雨打 the wind blows and the rain beats down;
吹簫，吹笛 play the fife, the flute;
吹氣 blow breath;
吹拂，吹虛 chuei-fur, chuei-shyu↓;
吹口哨 or 吹哨 chuei-shauh↓;
吹糖人兒 blow sugar dolls;
吹毛求疵 pick fault unfairly (like “see the mote in your brother’s eye”);
吹鬍子瞪眼睛 snort (“blow whiskers”) and stare in anger;
吹皺一池春水，干卿底事 what has that to do with you? (from allu.—a king disapproves of a poet’s line about the breeze rippling the water in the pond);
不費吹灰之力 with minimum effort (less than “blowing dust” off table).
(2) To blow one’s own horn, to brag: 吹牛，吹嗙 chuei-niour, chuei-paang↓;
吹法螺 to brag, also to blow the conch shell in Budd. ceremony.
(3) V.i., fizzle out: 這件婚事吹了 the romance has gone to pieces;
這對青年男女已經吹了 the boy and girl have broken off;
買賣吹了 the deal is off.
(4) (*chueih) In 鼓吹 to boost up s.t.

Words 1. 吹鞭 chuei-bian, n., anciently, a singing whip, described as attached to a whistle.
2. 吹腔 chuei-chiang, n., a type of local opera (弋腔) with flute accompaniment, any such accompaniment.
3. 吹脣 chuei-churn, v.i., to whistle, see chuei-shauh↓.
4. 吹打 chuei-daa (chuei-’da), v.i., play flutes, horns or trumpets and beat drums.
5. 吹風 (兒) chuei-feng(’l), v.i., to start people talking: 這幾天他吹風兒說大話 he has been bragging and letting it be known.
6. 吹拂 chuei-fur, v.i. & t., (1) see chuei-shyu↓;
7. 吹拂 chuei-fur, v.i. & t., (2) to flap about in wind (as flag).
8. 吹鼓手 chei-’gu-shoou, n., formerly, the fife and drum players at wedding, funeral.
9. 吹管 chuei-guaan, n., blowpipe.
10. 吹呼 chuei-’hu, v.t., to bawl at (person): 把他吹呼了一頓 gave him a scolding.
11. 吹指 chuei-jyy, v.i., to whistle with fingers in mouth.
12. 吹牛 chuei-niour, v.i., to brag (also 吹牛皮): 自己吹牛 brag of oneself;
13. 吹牛 chuei-niour, v.i., 吹牛拍馬 phr., to boast and flatter.
14. 吹嗙 chuei-paang, v.i., ditto;
15. 吹嗙 chuei-paang, v.i., 胡吹亂嗙 ballyhoo.
16. 吹哨 chuei-shauh, v.i., to whistle.
17. 吹簫 chuei-shiau, v.i., (1) to play the fife;
18. 吹簫 chuei-shiau, v.i., (2) (LL allu.) to be a beggar, from story of 伍子胥.
19. 吹手 chuei-shoou, n., see chuei-’gu-shoou↑.
20. 吹噓 chuei-shyu, v.t., to praise, speak in favor of s.o., esp. to influential person.
21. 吹臺 chuei-tair, v.i., to fizzle out.
22. 吹彈 chuei-tarn, n. & v.i., music for occasions (with horns and string).
23. 吹筒 chuei-tuung, n., formerly, hunter’s horn.
24. 吹網 chuei-waang, v.i, (Budd.) to inflate a fish net by blowing—obviously futile.
25. 吹雲 chuei-yurn, phr., to paint clouds by blowing white spots of powder over wet silk.

喚 Num. Index: 40A.81-9 huahn .

V.t. (1) To call (person): 呼喚 call for a person;
呼兄喚弟 address each other as brothers;
叫喚 to cry out (for help) or bid servant to do things;
喚他過來 ask him to come;
呼風喚雨 (Taoist magic) bid wind and rain to come.
(2) To be called: 你喚什麼名字 what are you called;
我喚幵狗兒 I am called Doggie.

唉 Num. Index: 40A.81-9 ai .

Excl. Ai! (cry of pain or extreme misery, identical with vocalized sigh);
also wr. 哎 40A.82, 噯 40A.82.