吱 Num. Index: 40A.82-1 tzy .

Adj. Imitation of hissing sounds: 吱嘍嘍 (of doors) grating, (of leaves, branches of trees) rustling, sighing;
吱吱喳喳 (of birds) chirping together, (of women, children) talking in confusion;
吱吱（叫） chirping, (of children) crying, shrieking.

Words 1. 吱歪 tzz-wai, v.i., to slouch.

嗷 Num. Index: 40A.82-1 aur . [Var. □]

Adj. Noisy, making a hubbub.

Words 1. 嗷嗷 aur-aur, adj., as in 嗷嗷待哺 (young of birds, children) clamoring for food.
2. 嗷嘈 aur-tsaur, adj., making a din, hubbub.

哎 Num. Index: 40A.82-2 ai (also aih , indeterminate tone).

Excl. Excl. of pain;
extreme misery: oft. 哎呀 ai-yah! or 哎喲 ai-yoh! (identical with a vocalized sigh of pain, extreme distress), also wr. 唉，噯.

嚄 Num. Index: 40A.82-2 huoh (*uh ).

Excl. (*uh Oh!: 嚄，我錯了, oh, it’s my mistake, see 嚄□ huoh-’yu↓;
嚄，這是什麼意思 what do you mean, hey?

Words 1. 嚄唶 huoh-tzeh, n., (AC) sound of laughter.
2. 嚄嘖 huoh-tzer, v.i., (AC) babble, talk too much.
3. 嚄□ huoh-’yu, excl., (AC) a-ha! exclamation of surprise (modn. version also oh-yoh↓): 嚄□，你的寶寶這麼胖 oh, how plump your darling baby!

哽 Num. Index: 40A.82-3 geeng .

V.i. To choke from grief or anger: 哽咽 geeng-ye↓.

Words 1. 哽塞 geeng-seh, V.i., be choked and unable to speak.
2. 哽咽 geeng-ye, V.i., to choke with sobs.

嗄 Num. Index: 40A.82-3 shah (*ar ).

Adj. Hoarse (voice, also 唦).

Excl. (*ar) Expressing surprise, disbelief.

噉 Num. Index: 40A.82-3 dahn . [Var. of 啖]

V.t. To bite and chew: 噉蔗 chew sugar cane;
to enjoy quietly and slowly, as in chewing.

吸 Num. Index: 40A.82-3 shi .

V.t. (1) To draw in, attract, absorb: 吸收，吸引 shi-shou, shi-yiin↓;
吸入 draw in (new members);
吸出 drain or suck out;
呼吸 to breathe (exhale and inhale);
吸氣 draw in the air;
吸水 to draw water from well;
吸去雲魂 (of ghost) suck away s. o.’s soul;
吸了一點文明空氣 breathe the air of the modn. world.
(2) To drink: 吸飲 to drink (wine, etc.);
一吸而盡 drink up in one swallow.

Words 1. 吸根 shi-gen, n., (bot.) sucking roots of parasitic plants.
2. 吸管 shi-guaan, n., respiratory tract;
3. 吸管 shi-guaan, n., bronchi;
4. 吸管 shi-guaan, n., a sucking tube.
5. 吸力 shi-lih, n., magnetic force;
6. 吸力 shi-lih, n., force of attraction.
7. 吸墨紙 shi-moh-jyy, n., blotting paper.
8. 吸盤 shi-parn, n., (zoo.) sucker (as in octopus).
9. 吸收 shi-shou, V.t., to absorb, take in (moisture, liquid, gas, shares, followers, new subscribers, new ideas, etc.);
10. 吸收 shi-shou, V.t., 吸收口 (zoo.) sucking organ, proboscis (in mosquitoes, etc.).
11. 吸濕性 shi-shy-shihng, n., (phys.) hygroscopic power.
12. 吸鐵石 shi-tiee-shyr, n., a magnet (also called 磁石).
13. 吸煙 shi-yan, V.i., to smoke (cigarette, pipe).
14. 吸引 shi-yiin, V.t., to attract (followers, etc.).

啜 Num. Index: 40A.82-3 chuoh .

V.t. (LL) to sip (tea, liquid).

Words 1. 啜泣 chuoh-chih, V.i., to sob.

嘬 Num. Index: 40A.82-4 chuaih (re. pr. *tzuo ).

V.t. (1) (AC) to gobble up.
(Of gnats) to bite and suck.

唚 Num. Index: 40A.82-5 chihn . [Related □，□]

V.i. & t. (Of animals like dogs) to vomit, (fig.) (derog.) to spit out nonsense, hogwash;
混唚，胡唚 to rail, yelp, talk hogwash;
唚不出好話 (derog.) spit out only dirty language.

咬 Num. Index: 40A.82-6 yaau .

V.t. (1) To bite: 咬一口 give a bite;
咬斷了 to bite off;
咬不動 (food) too tough to bite;
蟲咬 bitten by insect;
咬菜根 to live on bare subsistence.
(2) To persist in accusing person at court: 咬定是他 accused him definitely;
賊咬一口 the thief accuses s.o. as accomplice;
一口咬定 to accuse definitely.
(3) To bark: 聽見狗直咬 heard dog barking incessantly.
(4) To gnash teeth: 咬牙 yaau-yar↓;
咬緊牙根 keep a stiff upper lip.

Words 1. 咬扯 yaur-chee, v.i., to chafe, give vent by angry talking.
2. 咬春 yaau-chun, v.i., (Peiking dial.) formerly, a custom of eating turnip raw on 立春 (arrival of Spring);
3. 咬春 yaau-chun, v.i., 立春 see Appendix B.
4. 咬□（兒） yaau-chyurn (yaau-chyuer-’l), v.i., “bite the herd”－create trouble inside group.
5. 咬耳□ yaur-eel-’duo, v.i., “bite the ear”－whisper.
6. 咬筋 yaau-jin, n., maxillary muscle.
7. 咬破 yaau-poh, v.i., bite open, bite to pieces.
8. 咬舌兒 yaau-sher-’l, v.i., to lisp, talk with unclear consonants, also 咬舌子.
9. 咬手 yaur-shoou, v.i., to have chilblains.
10. 咬字兒 yaau-tzeh-’l, v.i., (Chin. opera) training in enunciation, particularly difference between ch and ts.
11. 咬文 yaau-wern, phr., 咬文嚼字 or 咂字, to “chew words”－overfastidious and oft. too literal interpretation of words.
12. 咬牙 yaau-yar, v.i., (1) pay too much attention to details, too dogmatic or insistent;
13. 咬牙 yaau-yar, v.i., (2) to grind one’s teeth in sleep: 咬牙切齒 to gnash teeth in hatred.

啵 Num. Index: 40A.82-6 bo (unaccented).

Fin. part. (MC) denoting request, command, etc.=modn. 吧 40A.70↑.

噯 Num. Index: 40A.82-9 aai (also aih , indeterminate tone).

Excl. 噯呀 aih-’ya, 噯唷 aih-’yo, exclamations of pain, painful surprise, disappointment, also wr. 哎.

噭 Num. Index: 40A.82-9 jiauh .

V.i. (1) To call, yell, cry.
(2) Weep, mourn.

呶 Num. Index: 40A.82-9 naur . [Var. □]

Words 1. 呶呶 naur-naur, adj., noisily complaining, murmuring.

唆 Num. Index: 40A.82-9 suo .

V.t. To incite, instigate: 教唆 ditto;
調唆 to make fun of, tease (person).

Words 1. 唆使 suo-shyy, V.t., to incite (to mischief).

啑 Num. Index: 40A.83-1 shah (*shier ).

Words 1. 啑喋 var. of 唼 ^ 喋 40A.93↓.

嚏 Num. Index: 40A.83-1 tih .

Words 1. V.i. & n.1 To sneeze, a sneeze: 打嚏，噴嚏 (fehn-tih), 打噴嚏 to sneeze.

唗 Num. Index: 40A.83-1 dou .

Excl. Excl. of angry dismissal, “beat it!”

呱 Num. Index: 40A.83-9 gu (sp. pr. *wa ).

V.i. To utter a child’s shrill cry: 呱呱墜地 a baby is born with a cry;
呱呱叫 (wa-wa-jiauh) keep on wailing (see 聒聒叫 31S.40).

吵 Num. Index: 40A.91-2 chaau . [Dist. 炒]

V.i. & t. To create a disturbance, a brawl, row or noisy dispute: 吵架 chaau-jiah↓;
吵鬧 chaau-nauh↓;
爭吵 to fight noisily, quarrel;
別吵了 stop the noise, keep quiet;
吵散 chaau-saan↓.

Adj. Noisy: 吵得慌 terribly noisy.

Words 1. 吵架 chaau-jiah, v.i., as in 跟人吵架 fight, quarrel with s. o.
2. 吵鬧 chaau-nauh, adj., noisily quarrelsome: 吵吵鬧鬧，大吵大鬧 create noisy disturbance.
3. 吵擾 chaau-raau, v.t., disturb.
4. 吵散 chaur-saan, v.t., to break up (celebrations, etc.) by disturbance.
5. 吵喜 chaur-shii, v.i., (coll.) to announce big good news (such as passing of degrees, official promotion) at the house door.
6. 吵嘴 chaur-tzueei, v.i., to quarrel: 兩人吵嘴 the two are having a quarrel.

嘐 Num. Index: 40A.91-5 shiau .

Words 1. 嘐嘐 shiau-shiau, adj., as in (AC) 其志嘐嘐然 his will was free and unhampered-vain and self-pleased.

唦 Num. Index: 40A.91-6 sha .

Fin. part. (MC) final particle, similar to 啊, indicating assertion (related AC 些, MC 者).

喭 Num. Index: 40A.91-6 yahn .

Adj. (AC) stubborn, rude.

咿 Num. Index: 40A.91-9 yi .

Adj. Used in compp. only, descriptive of creaking sound.

Words 1. 咿喔 yi-woh, adj., descriptive of cackling (hens).
2. 咿唔 yi-wur, V.i., to recite or intone in reading.
3. 咿啞 yi-yaa, V.i., to make a creaking sound (as of oars);
4. 咿啞 yi-yaa, V.i., to make baby sounds.
5. 咿咿 yi-yi, adj., any creaking, inarticulate sound (as if insects, pigs).
6. 咿呦（嚘） yi-you, adj., descriptive of inarticulate animal sounds (such as given by deer).

呿 Num. Index: 40A.93-1 chyu .

Adj. (AC) open-mouthed.

囈 Num. Index: 40A.93-2 yih .

N. Somniloquy: 夢囈 ditto;
(fig.) crazy or incoherent talk.

Words 1. 囈怔 yih-’jeng, n., talk or action in sleep: 撒囈怔 to talk or act in sleep.
2. 囈語 yih-yuu, n., incoherent or crazy talk.

嗤 Num. Index: 40A.93-2 chy .

V.i. & t. (1) To sneer at, laugh at: 嗤之以鼻 give a snicker;
自嗤 laugh at oneself.
(2) To snort, chortle: 嗤的一笑.

Words 1. 嗤鄙 chy-bii, v.t., sneer at with contempt.
2. 嗤詆 chy-dii, v.i., to deride.
3. 嗤笑 chy-shiauh, v.i., chuckle, sneer.

嘍 Num. Index: 40A.93-2 lour (*’lou).

Fin. part. (’lou): 好嘍 it’s ready;
得嘍 that will do;
來嘍 I’m coming;
see 咯，啦，泋 similar final particles.

Words 1. 嘍囉 lour-lour, n., (also 僂儸) (contempt.) followers of any leader.

嚶 Num. Index: 40A.93-4 ying .

V.i. (Of birds) to chirp: 嚶鳴 (LL) to seek friendships.

唼 Num. Index: 40A.93-6 shah (*tza ).

V.t. (1) (*tza) Eat noisily.
Gnaw, suck: 這棵死樹根被螞蟻唼了 the root of this dead tree has been gnawed away by ants;
唼眼 shah-yaan↓.
(3) Sift, as with a sieve;
spit out (small grains of sand, etc. in food).

Words 1. 唼氣 shah-chih, V.i., (of cars, rickshaws) have a flat tire.
2. 唼喋 shah-dier, n., sound made by waterfowls when eating in a group.
3. 唼臘蟲 shah-lah-churng, n., a worm feeding on corpses.
4. 唼唼 shah-shah, n., imitation of sound made in eating, as by fish.
5. 唼血 shah-shyueh, V.i., (1) suck the blood of the sacrificial animal to cement a pledge (an alliance) among participating princes;
6. 唼血 shah-shyueh, V.i., (2) redden the ground with the blood of persons killed in war.
7. 唼眼 shah-yaan, n., small holes bored by worms in furniture or other things.

□ Num. Index: 40A.93-8 yuh . [Printed form of 喻 40A.00]

□ Num. Index: 40A.93-9 yau .

Words 1. □喝 yau-’he, V.i. & t., to yell, esp. at servants.

躊 Num. Index: 40B.00-1 chour .

Words 1. 躊躇 chour-chur, V.i., (1) to hesitate, dillydally;
2. 躊躇 chour-chur, V.i., (2) 躊躇滿志 be self-satisfied, puffed up with pride.

踦 Num. Index: 40B.00-1 jii (*yii ).

N. (1) The shin bone, the tibia.
(2) Misfortune, mishap.

V.t. (*yii) Lean on: 相與踦閭而語 (AC) they talked while leaning against the gateway;
press, squeeze (as with legs).

躪 Num. Index: 40B.00-2 lihn .

V.t. To trample down, upon: 蹂躪 trample upon (people);
躪轢 to ride roughshod over.

蹡 Num. Index: 40B.00-2 chiang .

Words 1. 蹡蹡 chiang-chiang, adv., (walking) in a hurry (also wr. 蹌).

躕 Num. Index: 40B.00-6 chur .

V.i. See 踟^躕 40B.40, hesitate.

跡 Num. Index: 40B.00-6 ji . [Var. of 𤂌 60.83]

蹲 Num. Index: 40B.00-8 dun (re. pr. *tsurn ).

V.i. (1) Squat: 蹲在地上 squat on the ground.
(2) (*tsurn) (AC) stamp in savage dance.

Words 1. 蹲膘兒 dun-biau-’l, v.i., become obese with overeating and no exercise.

踰 Num. Index: 40B.00-8 yur .

V.t. (1) To transgress.
(2) (Interch. 逾 81.83) to exceed, go beyond, climb over.

Words 1. 踰侈 yur-chyy, adj., (AC) too extravagant.
2. 踰封 yur-feng, phr., (AC) cross state boundary.
3. 踰矩 yur-jyuu, phr., (AC) to transgress what is right.
4. 踰閑 yur-shiarn, phr., break moral conventions.
5. 踰越 yur-yueh, V.t., to exceed, go beyond (rules, powers).

跗 Num. Index: 40B.00-9 fu .

N. Instep, metatarsus.

蹀 Num. Index: 40B.01-2 dier .

V.i. Walk in small steps, pace.

Words 1. 蹀蹀 dier-dier, v.i., walk in mincing gait.
2. 蹀躞 dier-shieh, v.i., to pace about.

□ Num. Index: 40B.01-3 duoh .

Words 1. □腳 duoh-jiaau, V.i., stamp one’s feet (as in anger, regret).

蹂 Num. Index: 40B.01-3 rour .

V.t. Trample, tread on: 蹂躪 rour-lihn↓;
蹂踐 trample down, crush under the feet, stamp on;
蹂若 trample, grind underfoot.

Words 1. 蹂躪 rour-lihn, V.t., (1) grind underfoot;
2. 蹂躪 rour-lihn, V.t., (2) destroy, annihilate, devastate.

躁 Num. Index: 40B.01-4 tzauh .

V.i. Be excited (uneasy, vexed): 輕躁 be frivolous;
躁擾 to trouble, annoy;
躁鬧 cause disturbance, raise a row.

Adj. Impatient, quick-tempered, restive, jittery: 躁進 anxious to push ahead;
躁競 eager for riches and honors;
發躁 annoyed, vexed;
煩躁 wrought-up, fidgety.

Words 1. 躁狂 tzauh-kuarng, n., mania (also 瘋狂).
2. 躁鬱的 tzauh-yuh-’de, adj., manicdepressive.

踝 Num. Index: 40B.01-4 huair (re. pr. *huah ).

N. The ankle: 足踝;
踝骨 anklebone.

捬 Num. Index: 40B.01-6 tzung . [Var. of 蹤 40B.83]

躒 Num. Index: 40B.01-9 luoh .

V.i. (AC) move: 一躒 in one step.

跟 Num. Index: 40B.02-5 gen .

N. The heel: 腳跟，腳後跟，後跟 the heel;
高跟鞋 high-heeled shoes;
鞋跟兒 the back part of a shoe.

V.t. (1) Follow, accompany, attend on: 跟在後面 follow from hehind;
跟著他 accompany or attend on him, be a member of his entourage;
跟蹤 to shadow (s.o.);
跟牌 (of card game) follow suit.
(2) Catch up with: 跟不上功課 cannot catch up with one’s lessons.

Prep. To, from, with: 他要跟你談一談 he wants to talk to you;
她跟我借了一支鉛筆 she has borrowed a pencil from me;
這小孩跟李太太學琴 the boy is taking piano lessons with Mrs. Lee;
請你跟他去 please go with him.

Conj. And: 他跟她是同班 he and she are classmates;
她跟她的丈夫 she and her husband.

Words 1. 跟班（兒）（的） gen-ban (gen-ba-’l)(’de), n., see gen-bau↓.
2. 跟包（的） gen-bau(’de), n., (coll.) a footman, servant of an official, attendant, entourage.
3. 跟前 gen-chiarn, n., (1) the front of s. t. (also 跟前兒): 走到講臺跟前 come to the front of the platform;
4. 跟前 gen-chiarn, n., (2) (gen-’chian) presence: 在他跟前別亂說 don’t talk too freely in his presence;
5. 跟前 gen-chiarn, n., (3) (gen-’chian) children in relation to their parents: 你跟前有幾位少爺 how many sons do you have with you (now)?
6. 跟前 gen-chiarn, n., (4) (coll.) 跟前人 a concubine.
7. 跟著 gen-’je, adv., (1) in the wake of;
8. 跟著 gen-’je, adv., (2) immediately, at once, right away.
9. 跟腳（兒） gen-jiaau(’l), adj., (of shoes) fitting perfectly and comfortable to wear.
10. 跟勁 gen-jihn, adj. & n., get a purchase or grip, be capable, competent or serviceable.
11. 跟主兒 gen-juu-’l, phr., (coll.) be s. o.’s servant.
12. 跟媽（兒） gen-ma(’l), n., personal maid of a prostitute.
13. 跟人 gen-rern, n., an attendant, a follower.
14. 跟手（兒） gen-shoou(’l), adj. & adv., (1) immediate(ly);
15. 跟手（兒） gen-shoou(’l), adj. & adv., (2) smooth(ly), successful(ly), without a hitch.
16. 跟隨 gen-sueir, (1) V.t., follow (s. o.) from behind;
17. 跟隨 gen-sueir, (2) n., follower.
18. 跟頭 gen-’tou, (1) n., a fall, somersault: 栽跟頭 get a fall;
19. 跟頭 gen-’tou, n., 翻跟頭 turn a somersault;
20. 跟頭 gen-’tou, n., 他摔了一個跟頭 he had a fall;
21. 跟頭 gen-’tou, (2) adj., (coll.) frustrated: 咱們跟頭啦 we are faced with failure.
22. 跟捬 gen-tzung, V.t., follow in the track of, to shadow (s. o.).
23. 跟尾兒 gen-yee-’l, adv., right away, at once: 他跟尾兒就出來了 he’ll come out right away;
24. 跟尾兒 gen-yee-’l, adv., see gen-’je↑.

蹍 Num. Index: 40B.02-5 jaan .

V.t. (AC) step on (toes).

踉 Num. Index: 40B.02-6 liahng (also larng ).

Words 1. 踉蹌 liahng-chiahng, adj. & adv., hurried(ly) and unstead(-ily) (also wr. 踉蹡).

踔 Num. Index: 40B.10-2 juor .

V.i. & t. (AC) to surpass.

Adj. (AC) outstanding, lofty: 踔絕 lofty;
踔遠 far distant;
踔厲風發 be an incisive and interesting talker.

躡 Num. Index: 40B.10-3 nieh .

V.i. & t. (1) Follow: 追躡 follow from behind.
(2) 躡足 nieh-tzur↓.

Words 1. 躡機 nieh-ji, n., silk loom with foot paddle.
2. 躡足 nieh-tzur, V.i., (1) step on s. o.’s foot;
3. 躡足 nieh-tzur, V.i., (2) walk on tiptoe;
4. 躡足 nieh-tzur, V.i., (3) (AC) take one’s position in: 躡足行伍之間 served in the army.

蹕 Num. Index: 40B.10-4 bih .

V.i. (1) (AC) emperor’s visit or stopping place: 蹕臨 visit, arrive (of emperor);
駐蹕 place of emperor’s stop or temporary residence.
(2) (AC) (temple, palace grounds) to clear traffic, close to passengers.

□ Num. Index: 40B.10-5 bih . [Var. of 躄]

Adj. Lame in both legs.

跬 Num. Index: 40B.11-1 kueei .

N. Half a step, short step: 跬步難行 difficult to move even a short step;
跬譽 (LL) a temporary popularity.

蹚 Num. Index: 40B.11-2 tang .

V.i. (1) To tread, step on mud or water: 蹚土 kick up dust on dusty road;
蹚渾水（兒） go about with bad characters;
胡蹚 go about as playboy, go about quite recklessly.
(2) Try: 蹚一蹚，蹚一次 have a try, try once.

躍 Num. Index: 40B.11-5 yueh .

V.i. (1) (LL) to jump: 跳躍 jump up or about;
躍馬 jump on a horse, mount;
踴躍 (support cause, contribute) with great enthusiasm;
躍進 progress by leaps and bounds;
雀躍 happy about s.t., esp. used by younger generation in speaking to elders, parents;
躍躍欲試 anxious to try one’s chance.
(2) (AC) to stir (s.t.).

躔 Num. Index: 40B.11-6 charn .

V.i. (AC) tread on.

Words 1. 躔度 charn-duh, n., degree of the zodiac;
2. 躔度 charn-duh, n., course of the stars.

踵 Num. Index: 40B.11-9 juung .

N. The heel: 踵接 juung-jie↓;
不旋踵 in a short while, before you turn your back (it perishes, etc.).

V.i. (1) To follow, follow in footsteps: 踵至 follow closely upon heels, successively;
踵其後塵 follow in one’s “trail,” i.e., footsteps;
踵武 follow in footsteps of illustrious forefather;
踵事增華 embellish a story, add flourishes for effect.
(2) To arrive: 踵門拜別 personally pay a farewell call.

Adv. In close succession on foot: 踵見仲尼 (AC) saw Confucius repeatedly;
踵踵 juung-juung↓.

Words 1. 踵接 juung-jie, adv., closely upon heels.
2. 踵踵 juung-juung, adv., back and forth, many times.
3. 踵謝 juung-shieh, V.i., a formula (from 踵門拜謝) pay personal visit to say thanks for attendance at wedding, funeral, etc.

□ Num. Index: 40B.20-3 jiaan . [Usu. wr. 趼]

N. Blisters, callus.

距 Num. Index: 40B.21-5 jyuh .

N. (1) A bird’s claws.
(2) A cock’s spur.
(3) Distance between two points: 距離 jyuh-lir↓.

V.i. & t. (1) V.i., be distant: 相距不遠 not far from one another.
(2) V.t., (＝拒) oppose, resist.

Adj. Great, huge, immense, gigantic.

Words 1. 距離 jyuh-lir, n., distance separating one point (place) from another;
2. 距離 jyuh-lir, n., gap, difference (between opinions);
3. 距離 jyuh-lir, n., 近距離 close quarter, at short range.

蹈 Num. Index: 40B.21-9 dauh .

V.i. & t. Stamp with feet as in dance, step into, step over: 手舞足蹈 phr., dance and stamp, descriptive of dancing with joy;
舞蹈 gen. term for dance;
赴湯蹈火 go through fire and water;
蹈虎尾 step on tiger’s tail (“twist lion’s tail”);
蹈海而死 jump into the sea and die;
躬蹈 (LL) set personal example (follow the line yourself);
蹈常襲故 shortened as 蹈襲 get into a rut, be a slave to old methods of doing things.

蹄 Num. Index: 40B.22-6 tir . [Var. of □]

N. (1) Hoof: 豬蹄 pork knuckles;
馬蹄 horse’s hoofs;
馬不停蹄 make a hurried journey without stop;
蹄聲答答 clatter of horse’s hoofs;
失蹄 (horse) stumble.
(2) (AC) hare trap.

Words 1. 蹄膀 tir-’pang, n., shoulder of pork.
2. 蹄子 tir-’tz, n., (1) hoofs;
3. 蹄子 tir-’tz, n., (2) 小蹄子 (abusive) little wench (chiefly used in scolding maids).

躋 Num. Index: 40B.22-6 ji .

V.i. Ascend, go up, climb: 躋列 be ranked among, take one’s position among one’s equals;
躋入，躋進 enter;
躋升 go up, mount;
躋攀 clamber up.

躑 Num. Index: 40B.22-8 jyr .

Words 1. 躑躅 jyr-juh, V.i., to loiter, linger round.

蹅 Num. Index: 40B.30-1 chaa .

V.i. & t. To splash or drag one’s foot in mud;
(fig.) meddle, muck: 這事你不要蹅在况頭 don’t dirty yourself with this muck.

趾 Num. Index: 40B.30-2 jyy .

N. Toe: 趾骨 toe bones;
indicating a person’s steps: 𡈼趾 standing or walking gait;
趾高氣揚 proud manner of one with head in the clouds;
請移芳趾 or 玉趾 (LL) “please move your gracious steps”-please come.

蹬 Num. Index: 40B.30-3 dehng .

V.i. Stamp on ground;
蹭 ^ 蹬 40B.41.

□ Num. Index: 40B.30-3 jihng . [Var. of 脛 42A.30]

蹉 Num. Index: 40B.30-8 tsuo .

V.i. To err, slip, see compp.↓

Words 1. 蹉跌 tsuo-dier, V.i., to fall down, slip down.
2. 蹉跎 tsuo-tuor, V.i., (AC) to make faltering steps: 歲月蹉跎 the years roll by-spend one’s life in fruitless efforts.

跖 Num. Index: 40B.40-3 jyr (also jeh ).

N. Paw;
name of famous robber: 盜跖 (AC) robber.

踞 Num. Index: 40B.40-5 jyuh .

V.i. & t. (1) V.i., squat: 龍蟠虎踞 a terrain of strategic importance.
(2) V.t., sit on: 盤踞 occupy (a seat, city, territory), cf. 據 10A.02.

踣 Num. Index: 40B.40-6 bor . [Dist. 掊 10A.40]

V.i. (AC) drop down dead.

蹌 Num. Index: 40B.40-8 chiang (*chiahng ).

Adv. (Running) fast: see compp.↓;
踉蹌 (pr. chiahng) run away in embarrassment, higgledy-piggledy.

Words 1. 蹌蹌 chiang-chiang, adj. & adv., (AC) as in (1) 濟濟蹌蹌 parade in dignity;
2. 蹌蹌 chiang-chiang, adj. & adv., (2) (birds) dancing;
3. 蹌蹌 chiang-chiang, adj. & adv., (3) 啾啾蹌蹌 (walk) suavely.
4. 蹌捍 chiang-hahn, adv., (AC) (horses) galloping fast.

跏 Num. Index: 40B.40-9 jia .

Words 1. 跏趺 jia-fur, v.i., (Budd.) sit crosslegged.

路 Num. Index: 40B.40-9 luh .

N. (’l) (1) Road, street, avenue, path: 馬路 road, usu. well-surfaced, avenue, boulevard;
公路 highway;
鐵路 railroad;
大路 boulevard, highway;
山路 hill path;
小路 path;
路途，路徑，路程, luh-tur, luh-jihng, luh-cherng↓;
死路 dead end, blind alley, road to perdition;
無路可走 helpless, nowhere to turn;
what happens on the road: 路斃 die on the road;
路劫 highway robbery;
路祭 sacrifices offered on the route of funeral procession;
路上 en route, on the road;
路經 pass (place) on the way;
路不拾遺 (of good gen. custom) lost articles are always returned.
(2) Way: 思路 way of thinking (不清 confused);
生路，活路 way of escape (to life);
財路 source of income, wealth (very prosperous, etc.);
門路 way of approach, access (to persons);
路線 a lead (to mystery), approach, access through friends (to important person);
route;
此路不通，路不通行 (road) closed to vehicle or pedestrian.
(3) (’l) Class, kind: 這路人 this kind of person;
他們都是一路人 they are of the same gang, group;
一路貨 same kind, class, of goods.
(4) A surname.

Words 1. 路程 luh-cherng, n., journey (long, short, smooth, arduous, etc.).
2. 路費 luh-feih, n., travel expenses.
3. 路政 luh-jehng, n., maintenance, control, development of public roads.
4. 路基 luh-ji, n., roadbed.
5. 路徑 luh-jihng, n., road, path, pass, route.
6. 路客 luh-keh, n., formerly, highwayman.
7. 路兒 luh-’l, n., (1) road, way;
8. 路兒 luh-’l, n., (2) kind, see N.3↑
9. 路人 luh-rern, n., strangers, casual onlookers.
10. 路線 luh-shiahn, n., see N.2↑.
11. 路條 luh-tiaur, n., travel permit, pass for going through.
12. 路透社 Luh-touh-sheh, n., Reuter’s News Agency.
13. 路途 luh-tur, n., road;
14. 路途 luh-tur, n., journey.
15. 路子 luh-tz, n., see N.1↑: 沒路子可走 nowhere to turn.

踟 Num. Index: 40B.40-9 chyr .

Words 1. 踟躕（躇） chyr-chur, V.i., (1) to hesitate;
2. 踟躕（躇） chyr-chur, V.i., (2) to pace to and fro: 踟躕不進 tarry and not go forward.

躇 Num. Index: 40B.41-2 chur .

V.i. See 躊^躇 40B.00↑, to hesitate, deliberate.

蹧 Num. Index: 40B.41-2 tzau .

Words 1. 蹧蹋 tzau-ta, v.t., (1) to waste (good food), trample upon, spoil by rough usage;
2. 蹧蹋 tzau-ta, v.t., (2) to insult (person) by words.

踏 Num. Index: 40B.41-2 tah .

V.i. & t. (1) To step on, stamp on: 腳踏實地 stand on solid ground, practical, always have regard for facts;
踏歌 song accompanied by stamping on the ground;
踏繩 walk on tightrope;
踐踏 trample upon;
踏破了 crush under foot;
踏扁了 crush flat under foot;
踏破鐵鞋無覓處，得來全不費工夫 find s.t. accidentally after tracking miles (“wearing out iron shoes”) in vain for it;
腳踏兩條船 divided loyalties.
(2) (Poet.) to tread: 踏青 have an outing in spring (“tread on green”);
踏雪尋梅 look for plum flowers treading on snow.

Words 1. 踏板（兒） tah-baan (tah-baa-’l), n., plank for crossing, loading;
2. 踏板（兒） tah-baan (tah-baa-’l), n., footstool near bed;
3. 踏板（兒） tah-baan (tah-baa-’l), n., pedal.
4. 踏步 tah-buh, v.i., (mil.) mark time.
5. 踏蹺 tah-chiau, v.i., walk on stilts.
6. 踏碓 tah-dueih, v.i. & n., pestle for husking rice worked by foot.
7. 踏踐 tah-jiahn, V.t., trample upon.

跴 Num. Index: 40B.41-3 tsaai .

V.t. (1) To step on: 跴扁了 flatten under foot;
跴蹻 tsaai-chiau↓.
(2) To search for wanted criminal: 跴案 tsaai-ahn↓.

Words 1. 跴案 tsaai-ahn, V.i., to make police investigation of crime.
2. 跴蹻 tsaai-chiau, V.i. & n., (walk on) stilts.
3. 跴緝 tsaai-chih, V.i. & t., see tsaai-ahn↑.
4. 跴蛋兒 tsaai-dah-’l, V.i., (of poultry) copulate.
5. 跴訪 tsair-faang, V.i. & t., see tsaai-ahn↑.

蹭 Num. Index: 40B.41-8 tsehng .

V.i. (1) To stroll leisurely: 剛蹭到這况來 just strolled into this place.
(2) Dillydally: 贈稜子 tsehng-lerng-tz↓.
(3) To strip: 蹭蹬 tsehng-dehng↓.

Words 1. 蹭蹬 tsehng-dehng (tsehng-’deng), adj., frustrated in career, running into mishaps.
2. 蹭兒（戲） tsehng-’l (shih), n., as in 拿蹭兒，聽蹭兒 formerly, walk into theater, linger and walk out again without pay.
3. 蹭稜子 tsehng-lerng-tz, V.i., to dillydally.

蹯 Num. Index: 40B.41-9 farn .

N. Paw: 態蹯 (LL) bear’s paw－a delicacy.

蹣 Num. Index: 40B.42-2 marn .

V.t. (AC) trespass.

Words 1. 蹣跚 marn-’shan (parn-shan), adv., to walk with waddle or limp.

踹 Num. Index: 40B.42-2 shuahn (*shuaih , *chuaih ).

N. The heel.

V.i. & t. (1) To stamp: 踹足而怒 stamped his foot in anger.
(2) (*chuaih) To kick, trample on: 踹他一腳 to step on one’s foot.
(3) (*shuaih) To spoil: 一樁買賣被人給踹了 somebody spoiled a business deal.

蹦 Num. Index: 40B.42-2 behng .

N. Hopping, usu. 蹦兒：他急得打蹦兒 jumped about in excitement.

V.i. To hop, hop about.

Adv. (Coll.) brightly: 蹦兒亮 shining bright.

Words 1. 蹦蹦（兒）戲 behng-beh(’l)shih, n., a form of dramatic show.

踊 Num. Index: 40B.42-3 yuung .

V.i. (1) To jump, leap: 舞踊 stamp on ground in savage dance.
(2) U. f. 踊;
see 踊^躍 40B.50.

跚 Num. Index: 40B.42-4 shan . [See 蹣^跚 40B.42]

蹁 Num. Index: 40B.42-6 piarn .

Words 1. 蹁躚 piarn-chian, adv., (walk, dance) with a swing or in a sidling manner: 蹁躚而來.

踽 Num. Index: 40B.42-9 jyuu .

Adv. Alone, all by oneself: 踽踽獨行 walk alone.

蹻 Num. Index: 40B.42-9 chiau (*jyuer , *jiaau ).

N. (1) (AC) wooden clogs.
(2) 高蹻 stilts;
see 趫 11.83.

V.t. To lift up one’s leg (also wr. 蹺): 蹻起腳來 ditto;
蹻足 chiau-tzur↓.

Adj. (1) (*jiaau) 蹻勇 mighty (fighter);
cf. 驍勇 51B.70;
see 蹻蹻 jiaur-jiaau↓.
(2) (*jyuer) (AC) 蹻然不固 fluid, unstable.

Words 1. 蹻工（兒） chiau-gung(’l), n., art of walking in high-soled boots (of actress in Chin. opera), also called 跐工，跴工.
2. 蹻蹻 *jiaur-jiaau adj., mighty, haughty-looking, (also wr. 赳).
3. 蹻足 chiau-tzur, V.i., to curl up one’s leg 蹻足以待 curl up one’s leg and wait at ease.

跨 Num. Index: 40B.50-1 kuah .

V.i. & t. (1) To bestride, straddle, pass over: 跨上去 step up (a platform) with big stride;
跨馬，跨在車上 to mount astride horse, cart;
跨過 pass over (stile, threshold);
跨界 sit astride boundary;
跨馬桶 sit over stool (in toilet).
(2) To carry (s. t.) hanging on arm or finger: 跨筐兒，跨菜籃 carry basket on arm;
跨孝 wear arm band in mourning.
(3) To carry on the side: 又跨了一件差事 hold a concurrent job, carry a job on the side;
旁邊又跨上一行小字兒 carry an insertion beside the line, insert a line of small-type characters.

Words 1. 跨刀 kuah-dau, V.i., (1) carry a knife on the belt;
2. 跨刀 kuah-dau, V.i., (2) (formerly, Chin. opera) to play supporting role.
3. 跨名兒 kuah-mirng-’l, V.i., (＝掛名兒) hold an empty title, put in person’s name for form’s sake.
4. 跨年 kuah-niarn, adv., from year-end to the beginning of next year, over the year-end.
5. 跨子 kuah-tz, n., a long narrow boat for negotiating the Yangtze Gorges;
6. 跨子 kuah-tz, n., 跨子車 (coll.) motorbike with sidecar.
7. 跨□ kuah-tzauh, phr., (of son) excel the father.
8. 跨院（兒） kuah-yuahn (kuah-yuah-’l), n., a sidecourt in Chin. house.

踴 Num. Index: 40B.50-3 yuung . [Var. 踊]

V.i. To jump for joy or in dance.

Words 1. 踴躍 yuung-yueh, (1) V.i., to jump and dance;
2. 踴躍 yuung-yueh, (2) adv., gladly, energetically (contribute, take part in).

踢 Num. Index: 40B.50-4 ti .

V.i. & t. To kick: 踢開 kick away, off;
踢足球 play football;
踢中了，踢進了 score goal in football;
踢毽子 kick shuttlecocks;
踢死人 kick a person to death;
連踢帶打 both kick and beat;
踢飛腳 give a flying kick.

蹋 Num. Index: 40B.50-4 tah .

V.i. (1) To step on, tread (var. of 踏).
(2) To slip while walking: 蹋倒;
see 蹋擸 ta-’la↓.

Words 1. 蹋伏 tah-fur, V.i., crawl on ground.
2. 蹋鞠 tah-jyur, n., ancient game of football.
3. 蹋擸 ta-’la, V.i., to shuffle;
4. 蹋擸 ta-’la, V.i., 蹋擸鞋 cloth shoes worn with heels folded down.

躅 Num. Index: 40B.50-4 jur .

N. (LL) footprint: 芳躅 (court.) your whereabouts;
see 躑 ^ 躅 40B.22.

跼 Num. Index: 40B.50-5 jyur .

Adj. (1) Bent down, crouching, stooping: 跼天蹐地 (LL) be cramped for room.
(2) Hobbling, limping: 跼躅 jyur-jur↓.

Words 1. 跼蹐 jyur-jir, adj., confined, cooped up in a narrow space.
2. 跼躅 jyur-jur, adj., walking hesitatingly.
3. 跼促 jyur-tsuh, adj., (1) narrowminded;
4. 跼促 jyur-tsuh, adj., (2) uneasy, cramped for action.

趵 Num. Index: 40B.50-9 bauh .

V.i. To spring forth (associated with names of famous springs).

蹠 Num. Index: 40B.63-6 jyr .

N. (AC) animal’s paw.

V.t. to tread (distances).

Words 1. 蹠骨 jyr-guu, n., (physiol.) metatarsus.

跣 Num. Index: 40B.70-1 shiaan .

Adj. (LL) barefooted: 跣足.

蹺 Num. Index: 40B.70-1 chiau .

V.i. To put leg up (cf. 翹 11.70 lift up wings, head).

Words 1. 蹺□ chiau-chi, adj., (of roads) bumptious.
2. 蹺蹺板 chiau-chiau-baan, n., a seesaw.
3. 蹺捷 chiau-jier, adj., quick-footed.
4. 蹺蹊 chiau-shi, (sp. pr. chiau-’shi), adj., shady (conduct), not straightforward or open (also 蹊蹺).

踡 Num. Index: 40B.70-1 chyuarn .

Words 1. 踡跼 chyuan-jyur, adj., frustrated, cut off (also wr. 蜷).

跐 Num. Index: 40B.70-2 tsy (*tsyy , *tsaai ).

V.i. (1) To slip down: 腳一跐落下水去了 with a slip (he) fell into the water.
(2) (tsyy) To step on: 跐著門檻子 step on the railing;
sometimes pr. *tsaai, see 跴 40B.41.

跳 Num. Index: 40B.70-2 tiauh .

V.i. (1) To jump: 跳上，下，出，進 jump up, down, out, into;
跳高 high jump;
跳遠 broad jump;
連跑帶跳 skip and run;
蹦蹦跳跳 skip and jump about;
跳過 jump over (creek);
skip (a chapter);
to jump off, down: 跳（下）樓 jump off a building;
跳井，河，海，水 jump into well, river, sea, water;
狗急跳牆 (fig.) take desperate measures if pushed to the wall;
跳出火炕 (fig.) escape from hell, esp., (prostitute) effects escape from profession.
(2) To twitch, palpitate: 心跳 heart palpitates;
眼皮跳 eyelids twitch;
心驚肉跳 jumpy with fear;
嚇了一跳 give one a start (from fright);
急得跳腳兒 make one jump up with nervousness.
(3) 跳牛，跳馬 (coll.) to cover a cow, a mare.

Words 1. 跳板（兒） tiauh-baan (tiauh-baa-’l), n., gangplank.
2. 跳布札 tiauh-buh-jar, V.i., (Tibetan Lamaism) dance to exorcise demons on New Year’s holidays.
3. 跳蟲 tiauh-churng, n., flea.
4. 跳動 tiauh-duhng, V.i., jump about, move about restlessly.
5. 跳高 tiauh-gau, V.i., do high jump.
6. 跳行 tiauh-harng, V.i., (1) skip a line in reading;
7. 跳行 tiauh-harng, V.i., (2) begin a new line above margin (on coming across emperor’s or superior’s name, as sign of respect);
8. 跳行 tiauh-harng, V.i., (3) change profession, see tiauh-tsaur↓.
9. 跳加官 tiauh-jia-guan, V.i., scene opening opera performance, invoking blessings (esp. official promotion) for audience.
10. 跳欄 tiauh-larn, V.i., jump hurdles.
11. 跳踉 tiauh-larng, V.i., hustle about in confusion.
12. 跳梁 tiauh-liarng, V.i., “jump across the beams” like a burglar, esp. 跳梁小醜 petty burglar, contemptible rebel.
13. 跳龍門 tiauh-lurng-mern, v.i., formerly, pass civil examinations successfully , get a degree.
14. 跳傘 tiauh-saan, v.i. & n., parachute.
15. 跳神（兒） tiauh-shern (tiauh-sher-’l), v.i. to dance before the gods to exorcise evil spirits.
16. 跳繩 tiauh-sherng, v.i., skip rope.
17. 跳蝨 tiauh-shy, n., flea (also wr. 虱, also called 跳蚤 tiauh-tzaau).
18. 跳蹋 tiauh-tah, v.i., fling oneself about in anger.
19. 跳槽 tiauh-tsaur, v.i., change employment;
20. 跳槽 tiauh-tsaur, v.i., (of professional girls) discard on lover for another.
21. 跳蚤 tiauh-tzaau, n., flea.
22. 跳丸 tiauh-warn, v.i., juggle balls;
23. 跳丸 tiauh-warn, v.i., the quick passing of time.
24. 跳舞 tiauh-wuu, v.i. & n., dance: 跳舞音樂 dance music.
25. 跳遠 tiauh-yuaan, v.i., do broad jump.
26. 跳月 tiauh-yueh¹, v.i., Miao (aborigines) custom of communal dance, followed by selection of girls and boys for mates.
27. 跳躍 tiauh-yueh², v.i., to jump, hop for joy.

□ Num. Index: 40B.70-3 shian . [Var. of 躚 40B.83]

蹴 Num. Index: 40B.70-6 tsuh .

V.t. (1) To kick (ball, etc.).
(2) To leap: 一蹴即至 reach goal in a shot－very quickly.

Adj. See 蹴然 tsuh-rarn↓.

Words 1. 蹴踘 tsuh-jyur, v.i., anc. game of kicking ball (football).
2. 蹴然 tsuh-rarn, adj., (AC) solemn (manner), polite, reverential.

跎 Num. Index: 40B.70-6 tuor .

V.i. See 蹉 ^ 跎 40B.30.

躥 Num. Index: 40B.70-6 tsuan .

V.i. (1) To leap up: 躥房越脊 (of thief) jump to, run on the roof and descend into rooms;
(fig.) be promoted quickly: 他這兩年躥得好快 he got promoted very fast in the last two years.
(2) To have diarrhoea: 躥稀 have loose, watery bowels;
躥鞭桿子 (sl.) have diarrhoea.
(3) To scold severely, to berate (person), see also under 村 10B.00.

跑 Num. Index: 40B.70-9 paau (*paur ).

V.i. (1) Run, escape: 跑來跑去 run about;
跑出來 rush out;
他跑了 he has escaped;
跑開了 has left;
跑細了腿 rush about for nothing (wear one’s legs out);
跑跑顛顛的 rush about like mad.
(2) Walk, move: 跑不動 cannot walk any more.
(3) (Also paur) to make a dash or sprint.

V.t. Used in specific phrr. like “running errands”: 跑外的 or 跑街的 (paau or paur) employee for running errands, one for field work, itinerant salesman, pedlar;
跑海 travelling salesman;
跑單幫 commercial traveller who makes trips for special purpose;
跑堂（兒）的 restaurant waiter (Peking dial.);
跑廳的 servant in brothels (Peking dial);
跑途子貨 (contempt.) woman of loose morals, streetwalker;
跑上房 (maid or servant) serve in inner court;
跑警報 run for air raid shelter;
跑賬的 collector of debts;
跑旱船 a kind of vaudeville act;
足跑地 (*paur), dig ground with foot or hoof.

Words 1. 跑冰 paau-bing, V.i., ice skate.
2. 跑道 paau-dauh, n., athletic track;
3. 跑道 paau-dauh, n., 跑道兒 V.i., run around.
4. 跑肚子 paau-duh-tz, V.i., have loose bowels (make constant trips to toilet).
5. 跑狗 paur-goou, v.i. & n., dog race;
6. 跑狗 paur-goou, v.i. & n., 跑狗㪫 dog race stadium.
7. 跑馬 paur-maa, v.i. & n., horse race;
8. 跑馬 paur-maa, v.i. & n., 跑馬㪫（廳） n., race course.
9. 跑腿 paur-tueei, n. & V.i., footman, courier, messenger;
10. 跑腿 paur-tueei, n. & V.i., run on errand.

跪 Num. Index: 40B.70-9 gueih .

V.i. Kneel: 下跪 kneel down before s.o.;
跪拜 to kowtow to s.o.: 謹辭跪拜 (in funeral services) polite notice to mourners not to kowtow to the deceased;
跪倒，跪下 (command s.o.) to kneel down;
跪倒爬起 to kowtow and then get up;
跪門 kneel before s.o.’s gate to ask for forgiveness;
跪鎖（子），跪鏈子 to kneel on an iron chain, formerly, a third degree method, 三跪九叩 three times kneel down, each time performing three kowtows, extreme form of reverence close to prostration.

躐 Num. Index: 40B.70-9 lieh .

V.t. (1) Pass over: 躐等而進 to get into higher class (by-passing intermediate steps);
學不躐等 learning should proceed step by step;
躐山越嶺 crossing hills and mountains.
(2) Trample upon.

□ Num. Index: 40B.70-9 tir . [Var. of 蹄 40B.22]

跩 Num. Index: 40B.71-7 juaai .

V.i. & t. To waddle, walk with a swagger (of duck, fat person): 一跩一跩的走.

踐 Num. Index: 40B.71-7 jiahn .

V.t. (1) To tread upon, step on: 踐踏 trample under foot;
自相踐踏 trample on each other;
踐冰 pick one’s steps carefully for fear of imminent danger (“walk on thin ice”);
作踐 crush, grind underfoot.
(2) Carry out, implement, put to practice: 踐言 jiahn-yarn, 踐約 jiahn-yue, 踐諾 jiahn-nuoh, 踐履 jiahn-lyuu↓;
實踐 practical action, opp. 空言 mere talk.
(3) Follow, observe.

Words 1. 踐極 jiahn-jir, V.i., ascend the throne.
2. 踐履 jiahn-lyuu, (1) v.i., put a plan into action;
3. 踐履 jiahn-lyuu, (2) n., action thus taken.
4. 踐諾 jiahn-nuoh, V.i., fulfill an agreement.
5. 踐石 jiahn-shyr, n., a steppingstone for mounting on horses.
6. 踐祚 jiahn-tzuoh, V.i., ascend the throne.
7. 踐言 jiahn-yarn, V.i., keep one’s word.
8. 踐約 jiahn-yue, V.i., keep one’s promise, go to an appointment.

跽 Num. Index: 40B.72-5 jih . [Related 跪 40B.70]

V.i. Kneel for a long time, go down on all fours, prostrate.

躦 Num. Index: 40B.80-1 tzuan .

V.i. & t. (1) Make a forward or upward movement: 跳跳躦躦 gamboling, jumping and skipping about;
燕子躦天兒 dash past swiftly like a swallow.
(2) (＝鑽) Delve into (subject, books): 躦研 make an intensive study of.
(3) (＝鑽) Pierce, make a hole in, go through: 躦洞 go into (hide in) a hole (cf. 鑽 81A.80).

蹟 Num. Index: 40B.80-1 ji . [Var. of 𤂌 60.83, also wr. 跡 40B.00]

趴 Num. Index: 40B.80-8 pa . [Var. 爬，扒]

V.i. & t. Crouch down: 趴坑 flop down out of exhaustion, for rest;
趴下 crouch down or flop down.

躓 Num. Index: 40B.80-9 jyh .

V.i. To totter: 困躓 (LL) fallen upon bad days.

Words 1. 躓頓 jyh-duhn, v.i., (LL) to totter, about to collapse.
2. 躓蹶 jyh-jyuer, v.i., (LL) to falter.

跌 Num. Index: 40B.81-1 dier .

V.i. Fall down: 跌倒，跌一交 to trip over, fall down;
跌落水况 fall into the water;
(of prices) fall.

Words 1. 跌蕩（宕） dier-dahng, adj., (of writing, art) having free or surprising turns, untrammeled.
2. 跌價 dier-jiah, V.i., fall in price.
3. 跌落 dier-luoh, v.i., drop (into well, trap).

趺 Num. Index: 40B.81-1 fu .

Words 1. 趺坐 fu-tzuoh, V.i., to sit crosslegged, as Buddhist priests do.

蹼 Num. Index: 40B.81-2 pur .

N. Web on birds’ feet.

蹶 Num. Index: 40B.81-5 jyuer (*jyuee ).

V.i. & t. (1) Tread on, trample, grind underfoot.
(2) To fall down, to trip over: 一蹶不振 (lit.) unable to get up after a fall, (fig.) fail utterly, be roundly defeated.
(3) (Of horse) to kick: 蹶子 *jyuee-tz↓.

Words 1. 蹶然 jyuer-rarn, adj., jumping up in surprise.
2. 蹶子 *jyuee-tz, n., the hind legs of animals: 尥蹶子 kick with hind legs.
3. 蹶窩 *jyuee-’uo, adj., emaciated.

蹊 Num. Index: 40B.81-9 shi .

N. A footpath, a hill path.

V.t. (AC) to trample (on a field).

Words 1. 蹊蹺 shi-chiau, adj., as in 蹊蹺古怪 strange, devious: 此事有點蹊蹺 there’s a hitch or s. t. devious in this affair.
2. 蹊徑 shi-jihng, n., footpath;
3. 蹊徑 shi-jihng, n., path to (success, etc.).
4. 蹊要 shi-yauh, n., strategic point on path.

趹 Num. Index: 40B.81-9 jyuer .

Adv. (Of horse) running fast.

跂 Num. Index: 40B.82-1 chir (*chih ).

Adj. (1) (AC) having extra toes.
Crawling: 跂行，跂跂 ditto.
(3) Standing on tiptoe: 跂足以待，跂踵而望 to wait, to look forward to on tiptoe.

Words 1. 跂蹻 chir-chiau, n., (AC) a kind of sandals.
2. 跂想 *chih-shiaang, v.i., to look forward to on tiptoe.
3. 跂坐 chir-tzuoh, v.i., to sit with crossed legs.
4. 跂訾 chi-tzyy, adj., (AC) self-opinionated.
5. 跂望 chir-wuahng, v.i., see chih-shiaang↑.

跋 Num. Index: 40B.82-1 bar .

N. Postscript, colophon, used for comments on book, painting scroll (also 題 ^ 跋 41.83).

V.i. & t. Cross on foot (also 跋履山川 across hills and rivers);
跋前□後 (MC) phr. meeting hindrances;
跋涉 bar-sheh↓.

Words 1. 跋扈 bar-huh, adj., (of local rulers, commanders) recalcitrant.
2. 跋剌 bar-lah, n., make splashing noise (of flapping wings, fins).
3. 跋涉 bar-sheh, V.i. & t., cross land and water (difficult travel).

踧 Num. Index: 40B.82-2 tsuh .

Words 1. 踧踖 tsuh-jir, adj., (AC) in mincing steps or manner as show of respect.

□ Num. Index: 40B.82-2 bier . [Var. of 蹩 22.83]

跛 Num. Index: 40B.82-2 boo (*bih ).

Adj. Lame: see 跛腳，跛足 boo-jiaau, boo-tzur↓;
跛□千里 a lame turtle can go a thousand li, i.e., by perseverance.

Words 1. 跛□ boo-bih, adj., (AC) lame.
2. 跛蹇 bor-jiaan, adj., (AC) lame.
3. 跛腳 bor-jiaau, adj., lame;
4. 跛腳 bor-jiaau, adj., (dial.) (of goods) poor quality.
5. 跛躓 boo-jyh, v.i., (LL) to stumble.
6. 跛蹶 boo-jyuer, v.i., ditto.
7. 跛腿 bor-tueei, adj. & n., lame, a lame person.
8. 跛子 boo-tz, n., a lame person.
9. 跛足 boo-tzur, adj., lame.
10. 跛依 *bih-yii, adj., (AC) slanting, unbalanced.

趿 Num. Index: 40B.82-3 sah (*ta ).

V.i. (1) To slip foot into a slipper.
(2) (*ta) 趿拉 ta-la, ditto: 趿拉著鞋 walk in slippers.

跤 Num. Index: 40B.82-6 jiau .

V.i. To trip, to fall down: 摔跤 (a) stumble and fall;
(b) wrestling.

踱 Num. Index: 40B.82-6 duoh .

V.t. To pace the floor: 踱來踱去 pace about.

Words 1. 踱步 duoh-buh, V.i., to pace.

□ Num. Index: 40B.82-6 shieh .

N. (LL) tip of roller in mounting for scrolls.

Words 1. □蹀 shieh-dier, V.i., to sidle along in mincing steps.

躂 Num. Index: 40B.83-1 tah .

V.i. To kick, stamp on foot: 躂倒 (also 蹋倒) slip and fall.

踶 Num. Index: 40B.83-4 dih .

V.i. (AC) kick.

蹤 Num. Index: 40B.83-9 tzung . [Var. of 捬]

N. Footprints: 蹤跡 tzung-jih, 蹤影 tzung-yiing↓;
追蹤 to shadow a person, pursue, follow from behind;
失蹤 (man, dog) get lost.

V.t. (1) To follow, catch up with.
(2) Alight on: 被蒼蠅蹤過的東西不要吃 don’t eat any food touched by flies.

Words 1. 蹤跡 tzung-jih, n., footprints (traces) of person.
2. 蹤影 tzung-yiing, n., traces and shadows: 蹤影毫無 not the least trace was found.

蹝 Num. Index: 40B.83-9 shii . [Var. of 屣 52A.83]

踥 Num. Index: 40B.93-6 chieh .

Words 1. 踥踥 chieh-chieh, adv., (AC) to and fro.
2. 踥蹀 chieh-dier, adv., (AC) in sidling manner.

□ Num. Index: 40B.93-8 yur . [Printed form of 踰 40B.00]

別 Num. Index: 40S.00-2 bier . [Usu. wr. 別]

N. & v.i. (1) Distinguish, distinction;
separate (-ation): 男女有別 separation, distinction between sexes;
區別 distinction between things;
分別 separation of two similar things, also difference;
識別，辨別 know, make the distinction.
(2) (To) leave, (take) departure, esp. from friends, (during) absence: oft. 離別，別來，別後，離別以來 since departure;
別後念念 have been thinking of you since departure, in your absence;
別來無恙 hope that you are well (since departure);
別了 here I go! (on departure) so it is good-bye!
告別 (court.) take leave (with your permission);
辭別，拜別，道別，話別 visit to say good-bye;
小別，短別 temporary separation, absence;
生離死別 separation between loved ones in life or death;
別緒 feeling of absence.

V.t. (1) To pin up: 別起來，別上，別住 pin it up, fix with pin, 別針 bier-jen↓.
(2) Turn: 別起一條腿來 lift up a leg;
別過頭，臉，來 turn head, face.

Vb. aux. Contraction of 不要 bur-yauh: 你別走 don’t go away;
別這樣想 don’t look at it this way;
別提了 let’s not talk about it.

Adj. Other, another, some other: 別的 other;
別人，別的人 others;
別處 elsewhere;
別本 another edition, other editions;
別途 some other routes, lines (profession);
別解 another explanation;
特別 especial(ly), unusual: 特別招待 special welcome arrangements.

Adv. In another way: 別有用心，看法 have another motive, another way of looking at it;
別有高見 have a brighter idea;
別有所指 implies another thing;
別有天地 like another world;
別有所本，依據 is based on another source;
別有所聞 have heard of another (detail, aspect of) story;
別無所有，依靠 have no other possession, friends or relatives for help;
別無出路 have no other way out;
別具隻眼，慧心 have a special insight, understanding;
別開生面 open up a fresh outlook, new ideas, fresh style.

Words 1. 別號 bier-hauh, n., a man’s poetic name, apart from 字 courtesy name.
2. 別針 bier-jen, n., pin.
3. 別集 bier-jir, n., an author’s collected works, as dist. from 總集 collection or anthology by period or genre of writing.
4. 別致 bier-jyh, n. & adj., interesting and novel (of art works, decoration).
5. 別名（兒） bier-mirng (bier-mir-’l), n., see bier-hauh↑, also nickname.
6. 別墅 bier-shuh, n., villa, country villa.
7. 別史 bier-shyr, n., privately compiled history, as dist. from official history.
8. 別樣 bier-yahng, adj., another, other: 別樣東西 another thing, article.
9. 別業 bier-yieh, n., (1) villa;
10. 別業 bier-yieh, n., (2) another piece of property.

別 Num. Index: 40S.00-2 bier . [Wr. form of 別]

□ Num. Index: 40S.01-4 meir . [Rare var. of 梅 10B.50]

囅 Num. Index: 40S.02-5 chaan .

Adv. 囅然而笑 (LL) to give a sweet smile.

雖 Num. Index: 40S.11-9 suei (also *sueir ). [Pop. □]

Conj. Although: 雖然 suei-rarn↓;
雖故，雖則 MC equivalents of 雖是 suei-shyh↓.

Words 1. 雖然 suei-rarn (*sueir-rarn) conj., (common form in vern. for LL 雖) though, although.
2. 雖說 suei-shuo, conj., although it is said.
3. 雖是 suei-shyh (*sueir-shyh), conj., though, although, see suei-rarn↑.
4. 雖則 suei-tzer, conj., another var. of 雖是 suei-shyh↑.

郢 Num. Index: 40S.22-3 yiing .

N. Name of anc. city.

鄂 Num. Index: 40S.22-3 eh .

N. (1) Name for 湖北 Hupeh Province.
(2) A surname.
(3) (AC) border.

Words 1. 鄂博 eh-bor, n., Mongolian cairn (obo) for marking boundary.

鄙 Num. Index: 40S.22-3 bii (also bih ).

N. Frontier town;
small town: 北鄙 (AC) northern border.

Adj. (1) Vulgar, rustic, unpolished, insignificant;
卑^鄙 91.10.
(2) Courtesy reference to oneself in 鄙人 I;
鄙意 my humble opinion;
鄙國 my humble country;
鄙親 my relative.

V.t. (LL) disdain, look with contempt: 鄙其人，鄙之 despise the person, him.

Words 1. 鄙薄 bii-bor, V.t., to slight, despise (person);
2. 鄙薄 bii-bor, adj., mean, petty, vulgar.
3. 鄙夫 bii-fu, n., a rustic person, bumpkin.
4. 鄙見 bii-jiahn, n., (court.) my humble opinion.
5. 鄙劣 bii-lieh, adj., mean, lowclass, inferior (goods).
6. 鄙吝 bii-lihn, n., vulgarity;
7. 鄙吝 bii-lihn, adj., miserly;
8. 鄙吝 bii-lihn, adj., vulgar.
9. 鄙俚 bir-lii, adj., vulgar (expressions).
10. 鄙陋 bii-louh, adj., (of views) superficial;
11. 鄙陋 bii-louh, adj., worthless, also used in courtesy phrr. of oneself.
12. 鄙笑 bii-shiauh, V.t., scoff at.
13. 鄙事 bii-shyh¹, n., menial work, humble tasks;
14. 鄙事 bii-shyh¹, n., small matters.
15. 鄙視 bii-shyh², V.t., to despise, look with contempt.
16. 鄙夷 bii-yir, V.t., disdain.

嗣 Num. Index: 40S.50-5 syh .

N. Progeny: 後嗣，子嗣 ditto;
絕嗣 die without issue, heirless.

V.i. & t. To continue (ancestral line), succeed (office).

Adv. Later: 嗣後 syh-houh↓.

Words 1. 嗣承 syh-cherng, n. & V.t., line of succession;
2. 嗣承 syh-cherng, n. & V.t., succeed in line.
3. 嗣後 syh-houh, adv., later on.
4. 嗣繼 syh-jih, V.i. & t., to inherit, succeed: 嗣繼問題 question of succession.
5. 嗣立 syh-lih, V.t., to appoint, be appointed, as heir.
6. 嗣響 syh-shiaang, n., reaponse or continuing influence, like an echo to voice.
7. 嗣續 syh-shyuh, V.i., inherit, succeed.
8. 嗣子 syh-tzyy, n., heir, natural or adopted.
9. 嗣位 syh-weih, V.i., to succeed to the throne.
10. 嗣業 syh-yeh, V.i., inherit the family estate, continue to carry on father’s work.
11. 嗣音 syh-yin, n., (AC) echo, response.

鴞 Num. Index: 40S.50-9 shiau .

N. (1) An owl, also a bird reputed to eat its own mother: 鴟 ^ 鴞 90S.50.
(2) Var. of 梟 in 梟 ^ 首 91.01.

鵑 Num. Index: 40S.50-9 jyuan .

N. 杜鵑 the cuckoo: 杜鵑花 the azalea.

鶚 Num. Index: 40S.50-9 eh .

N. (Zoo.) the osprey, fish hawk.

勛 Num. Index: 40S.50-9 shyun . [Anc. var. of 勳 90S.50]

號 Num. Index: 40S.70-2 hauh (*haur ). [Var. □]

N. (1) A name, esp. poetic name for person: 國號 dynastic title;
別號 person’s extra name (oft. poetic and chosen by person himself);
道號 Taoist monastic name;
法號 Buddhist monastic name (in last two cases, clan or surname is dropped).
(2) A mark, an arithmetic figure: 符號 a punctuation mark;
記號 a mark;
句號 full stop, period;
分號 semicolon;
冒號 colon;
引號 quotation marks;
感歎號 exclamation mark;
問號 question mark;
連號（連字號） hyphen;
破折號 dash.
(3) 號 or 號碼 number in series: 第幾號 what number (of house, post box);
門牌號碼 house number;
serial number referring to persons: 病號 patient’s number in hospital.
(4) Name of shop or firm: 商號，店號 ditto;
寶號 (court.) your shop or firm.
(5) An order, esp. military: 號令 hauh-lihng↓;
信號 prearranged signal;
暗號 secret password;
口號 password, also slogan.

V.t. (1) To entitle, to claim: 號稱三萬兵, claim or allege to be 30,000 strong;
號為酒中八仙 were called the “Eight Immortals of Wine.”
(2) (*haur) To cry aloud: 號喪，號咷 hauh-sang, hauh-taur↓.

Words 1. 號兵 hauh-bing, n., (mil.) bugler.
2. 號單 hauh-dan, n., ticket with serial number.
3. 號燈 hauh-deng, n., (mil.) flash signal.
4. 號房 hauh-farng, n., (1) formerly, the reception clerk in office or house, similar to concierge;
5. 號房 hauh-farng, n., (2) serially numbered room (as in civil examinations);
6. 號房 hauh-farng, n., reception or registration room in house or office.
7. 號召 hauh-jauh, v.t., to call for supporters, to attract (followers) through prestige or political platform.
8. 號角 hauh-jiaau, n., a bugle, a horn.
9. 號哭 *haur-ku, v.i., to cry aloud, wail.
10. 號令 hauh-lihng, n. & v.i. & t., (1) an order, to issue an order;
11. 號令 hauh-lihng, n. & v.i. & t., (2) (hauh-’ling) formerly, a public execution.
12. 號碼 hauh-maa, n., mark;
13. 號碼 hauh-maa, n., serial number;
14. 號碼 hauh-maa, n., 號碼機 a numbering machine.
15. 號脈 hauh-moh, v.i., (Northern dial. of physicians) to examine patients by feeling pulse.
16. 號廻 hauh-pauh, n., gun signal.
17. 號喪 *haur-sang, v.i., to cry at funeral;
18. 號喪 *haur-sang, v.i., (derog.) to yell (as if at funeral).
19. 號數（兒） hauh-shuh(’l), n., serial number;
20. 號數（兒） hauh-shuh(’l), n., number (of persons, things).
21. 號咷 *haur-taur, v.i., to scream, yell.
22. 號頭（兒） hauh-tour(’l), n., (1) a mark or number;
23. 號頭（兒） hauh-tour(’l), n., (2) a foreman.
24. 號筒 hauh-turng, n., a bugle.
25. 號外 hauh-waih, n., extra edition of papers.
26. 號衣 hauh-yi, n., formerly, uniform.

戢 Num. Index: 40S.71-7 jir .

N. A surname.

V.t. (1) Put aside or away, hide: 戢兵 renounce war, disarm voluntarily;
戢翼 retire from office (lit., “fold up wings”);
事戢 the furor has died down;
戢影 to retire;
戢歛 lighten taxes;
to make oneself scarce.
(2) Prohibit, forbid: 嚴戢吏弊 put a stop to official abuses;
戢暴鋤強 run down the people’s oppressors.

戰 Num. Index: 40S.71-7 jahn . [Pop. □ 21S.71]

N. (1) A surname.
(2) War, battle: 交戰 ditto;
二次大戰 Second World War;
英法之戰 war between England and France;
海戰，陸戰 naval, land battle;
空戰 air battle, air fight;
游擊戰 guerrila war;
內戰 civil war;
炮戰 artillery duel;
作戰 do battle;
開戰 open hostilities;
停戰 armistice;
宣戰 declare war;
挑戰 challenge to fight;
血戰 bloody battle;
戰雲 war atmosphere;
百戰百勝 evervictorious;
戰時 wartime, during the war;
戰事，戰爭，戰𥌓 jauh-shyh², jahn-jeng, jahn-douh↓;
細菌戰 bacteriological warfare;
化學戰 chemical warfare;
生物戰 biological warfare.

V.i. & t. (1) To fight (person, country), engage in war: 戰勝，戰敗 to win, lose war, battle;
戰死 die in battle;
戰無不勝，戰無不克 never lose a battle.
(2) 打戰，寒戰 (var. of 顫) to shiver, shudder with cold.

Adj. 戰戰兢兢 to be extremely mindful of one’s steps, fearful of making mistakes, meticulous.

Words 1. 戰表 jahn-biaau, n., (MC) letter declaring war.
2. 戰筆 jahn-bii, n., wavy line (as in painting of dress).
3. 戰㪫 jahn-chaang, n., battlefield.
4. 戰車 jahn-che, n., chariot, armored tank.
5. 戰船 jahn-chuarn, n., warship of various types.
6. 戰地 jahn-dih, n., the battle front, where war takes place.
7. 戰抖 jahn-doou, V.i., to shudder with fear or cold.
8. 戰𥌓 jahn-douh, n. & v.i., to fight, a fight: 戰𥌓力 fighting strength;
9. 戰𥌓 jahn-douh, n. & v.i., 戰𥌓機 a fighter plane.
10. 戰犯 jahn-fahn, n., war criminal.
11. 戰俘 jahn-fur, n., prisoner of war.
12. 戰功 jahn-gung, n., merits in military exploits.
13. 戰果 jahn-guoo, n., accomplishments, results in battle.
14. 戰國 Jahn-guor, n., period in history, called Warring Kingdoms (403-221 B.C.).
15. 戰骨 jahn-guu¹, n., skeletons on battlefield.
16. 戰鼓 jahn-guu², n., war drums.
17. 戰壕 jahn-haur, n., war trench.
18. 戰爭 jahn-jeng, n., war, warfare: 戰爭與和平 war and peace (also name of a novel by Leo Tolstoy).
19. 戰艦 jahn-jiahn, n., battleship, also used of cruisers, destroyers, etc.
20. 戰局 jahn-jyur, n., the war situation.
21. 戰況 jahn-kuahng, n., conditions of war area, also war situation.
22. 戰慄 jahn-lih, V.i., to shudder.
23. 戰利品 jahn-lih-piin, n., war booty.
24. 戰略 jahn-lyueh, n., military strategy.
25. 戰袍 jahn-paur, n., formerly, kneelength jacket of officers.
26. 戰線 jahn-shiahn, n., battle line.
27. 戰守 jahn-shoou, n., attack and defence.
28. 戰書 jahn-shu, n., declaration of war.
29. 戰術 jahn-shuh, n., military tactics, art of conducting warfare.
30. 戰士 jahn-shyh¹, n., a warrior.
31. 戰事 jahn-shyh², n., warfare, war.
32. 戰史 jahn-shyy, n., history of a war.
33. 戰役 jahn-yih, n., a military campaign.
34. 戰友 jahn-yoou, n., comrade in arms, war ally.

顎 Num. Index: 40S.80-3 eh .

N. Jaw.

獸 Num. Index: 40S.81-1 shouh .

N. Beast: oft. coupled with 禽 birds: 禽 ^ 獸 81.42, the animals;
野獸 wild beasts;
猛獸 ditto;
獸性，獸慾 shouh-shihng¹, shouh-yuh↓.

Words 1. 獸環 shouh-huarn, n., brass ring on gate, with head of a beast.
2. 獸圈 shouh-jyuahn, n., corral, stockade.
3. 獸爐 shouh-lur, n., an incense tray, shaped like a beast.
4. 獸香 shouh-shiang, n., incense contained in 獸爐 shouh-lur↑.
5. 獸性 shouh-shihng¹, n., beastly nature;
6. 獸性 shouh-shihng¹, n., bestiality.
7. 獸行 shouh-shihng², phr., beastly conduct.
8. 獸心 shouh-shin, phr., heart of a beast.
9. 獸炭 shouh-tahn, n., animal charcoal, bone black (also 骨炭).
10. 獸臟粉 shouh-tzahng-feen, n., (chem.) glycogen or animal starch.
11. 獸醫 shouh-yi, n., a veterinary, veterinarian.
12. 獸慾 shouh-yuh, n., animal desire;
13. 獸慾 shouh-yuh, n., sexual passion.

果 Num. Index: 41.01 guoo . [Pop. 悞 fruit]

N. (1) (Bot.) the fruit of any plant: 果實，果子 guoo-shyr, guoo-tz↓;
水果 fruit;
開花結果 to blossom and bear fruit;
果盤 a fruit bowl;
果盒 a fruit box;
果類 fruits as a class;
果品 different kinds of fruit;
果木（樹），果樹 fruit trees;
果瓤 the flesh of fruits;
果子藥兒 sugar-coated pills;
果脯 dried fruits;
果核，果仁 kernels;
果局子 a shop selling fresh fruits;
果園 an orchard.
(2) Result: 因果（報應） cause and effect, retribution;
成果 result, achievement;
效果 result, effect (of medicine, advice, etc.);
結果 consequences, results;
自食其果 suffer the consequences of one’s action;
善果，惡果 good, bad consequences.
(3) A surname.

V.t. To fill: 果腹 to fill, satisfy, the stomach.

Adj. Resolute, determined: 言必信，行必果 be truthful in speech and firm in action;
果決，果斷，果敢 guoo-jyuer, guoo-duahn, guoo-gaan↓.

Adv. Ultimately, actually: 果伏劍而死 he actually killed himself with a sword;
不果來 actually did not come;
果然，果真 guoo-rarn, guoo-jen↓.

Conj. If, if actually: 如果 if it should come to pass;
若果 in case;
果若 guoo-ruoh↓.

Words 1. 果報 guoo-bauh, n., retribution.
2. 果碟（兒）（子） guoo-dier (guoo-dier’l) (tz), n., a dish of fruits served as dessert.
3. 果斷 guoo-duahn, adj., resolute, unwavering.
4. 果餌 guoo-eel, n., candies, fruit and cookies.
5. 果敢 guor-gaan, adj., resolute and daring.
6. 果真 guoo-jen, adv., true to promise, indeed as expected.
7. 果醬 guoo-jiahng, n., jam, marmalade.
8. 果汁 guoo-jy, n., fruit juice.
9. 果決 guoo-jyuer, adj., firm and resolute.
10. 果料兒 guoo-liauh-’l, n., nuts in candies.
11. 果皮 guoo-pir, n., fruit peel.
12. 果然 guoo-rarn, (1) adv., indeed as expected;
13. 果然 guoo-rarn, (2) n., (zoo.) a long-tailed black monkey with a white face.
14. 果若 guoo-ruoh, adv. phr., in case that (also 果如 guoo-rur).
15. 果實 guoo-shyr, n., fruit of trees.
16. 果酸 guoo-suan, n., (chem.) tartaric acid.
17. 果糖 guoo-tarng, n., (chem.) fructose.
18. 果子 guoo-tz, n., fruits of any kind.
19. 果子露 guoo-tz-luh, n., fruit juice.
20. 果毅 guoo-yih, adj., resolute and daring.

累 Num. Index: 41.01 leei (in sense of ‘accumulation’); *leih (in sense of ‘cause trouble,’ ‘implicate,’ ‘fatigue’); *leir .

N. (*leih) Burden, responsibility: 室家之累 family burden;
重累 heavy responsibility.

N. & v.t. (1) (*leih) Implicate, involve, -ment: 連累，帶累，受累，拖累 be implicated, get (s.o.) involved;
累及 leei-jir↓;
受累，受人之累 be involved in (s.t., usu. unpleasant) by others.
(2) (*leih) Run into debt, indebtedness: 虧累 suffer financial losses;
私累 owe personal debts;
賠累 lose money in business.
(3) V.t. & p.p., to tire out: 累死人 tires one out completely;
累病了 sick from overwork.
(4) (*leir) U.f. 縲, (AC) fasten, bind, put in chains: 係累其子弟 (AC) seize his children and throw them into prison.
(5) Accumulate, lay (s.t.) on top of another: 勢如累卵 hazardous, precarious like a pile of eggs;
累積 leei-ji↓;
累牆 lay bricks to build a wall;
累黍 leei-shuu↓.

Adj. (1) Tired, tiring, wearisome, exhausted (*leih): 勞累，累乏 tired out with too much exertion;
累極了，累死了 dead tired;
累的慌 tired and nervous.
(2) Tiring, wearisome: 累活兒 leei-huor-’l, 累人 leei-rern↓.
(3) (*leir) Troublesome: 累贅 leei-’juei↓;
累牘連篇 long and tedious writings.

Adj. & adv. (1) One on top of another, progressively: 累進 leei-jihn↓;
累月 leei-yueh↓;
累日 leei-ryh↓;
累歲 leei-sueih↓;
累年 leei-niarn↓.
(2) Repeated(ly), again and again: 累次 leei-tsyh↓;
累累 leei-leei↓;
累遷 leei-chian↓;
累戰皆捷 one victory after another;
累著大功 score signal successes again and again;
累徵不起 repeatedly refuse to be drafted for official service;
累試不第 fail to pass the government examination year after year.

Words 1. 累遷 leei-chian, n., (1) (of residence) repeated removal;
2. 累遷 leei-chian, n., (2) (of officials) repeated promotions;
3. 累遷 leei-chian, (3) v.i., be repeatedly promoted.
4. 累代 leei-daih, adv., one generation after another, for generations.
5. 累堆 *leir-duei, adj., burdensome, troublesome, see leei-’juei↓.
6. 累犯 leei-fahn, v.i., (1) run foul of the law more than once;
7. 累犯 leei-fahn, v.i., (2) commit repeated offenses.
8. 累活（兒） *leih-huor(’l), n., tiresome or laborious chores.
9. 累積 leei-ji, v.t., gradually accumulate.
10. 累計 leei-jih, n., total amount, sum total.
11. 累進 leei-jihn, adj., progressive: 累進法 mathematical progression;
12. 累進 leei-jihn, adj., 累進稅 progressive taxation.
13. 累及 *leih-jir, v.t., involve (others) in trouble: 累及無辜 make the innocent suffer.
14. 累贅 *leir-’juei¹, adj., tedious, repetitious (esp. speech).
15. 累墜 *leir-’juei², adj., ditto.
16. 累懇 *leih-keen, v.i., (coll.) please be so glad as to (also 累肯).
17. 累掯 *leih-’ken, v.t., (coll.) force (s.o.) to do (s.t.);
18. 累掯 *leih-’ken, v.t., restrain (s.o.) from doing (s.t.).
19. 累累 leir-leei, adv., (1) oftentimes;
20. 累累 leir-leei, adv., (2) one after another.
21. 累利 leei-lih, n., compound interest (also 複利).
22. 累年 leei-niarn, adv., year after year, for years.
23. 累人 *leih-rern, adj., tiring: 抱這孩子真累人 holding the child in one’s arms is so tiring.
24. 累日 leei-ryh, adv., day after day, for days.
25. 累心 *leih-shin, adj., suffering from too much mental strain.
26. 累黍 lei-shuu, n., a very small quantity: 不差累黍 (LL) no whit different, not an iota of difference.
27. 累世 leei-shyh, adv., for generations.
28. 累事 *leih-shyh, adj., overworked.
29. 累時 leei-shyr, adj., standing the test of time, lasting.
30. 累歲 leei-sueih, adv., year after year.
31. 累次 leei-tsyh, adv., repeatedly: 累次三番 again and again.
32. 累月 leei-yueh, adv., month after month: 累月經年 month after month and year after year.

景 Num. Index: 41.01 jiing (*yiing ).

N. (1) A view, sight, prospect: 風景 scenery;
景色 jiing-seh, 景物 jiing-wuh, 景象 jiing-shiahng, 景狀 jiing-juahng↓;
美景 a lovely view;
見景生情 memories revive at the sight of familiar places.
(2) Condition, circumstance: 景況 jiing-kuahng↓;
順景，佳景 good fortune, prosperity;
逆景 bad fortune, adversity;
晚景悽涼 lonely and poor in old age.
(3) A surname.
(4) (*yiing) (U.f. 影) shadows: 日景 shadows cast by the sun: 景印本 photostatic edition.

V.t. Admire, look up to: 景慕 jiing-muh, 景仰 jiing-yaang↓.

Adj. Great: 景福 great blessing;
景行 jiing-shirng↓.

Words 1. 景氣 jiing-chih, n., economic prosperity: 不景氣 economic depression.
2. 景風 jiing-feng, n., (LL) (1) a lucky wind;
3. 景風 jiing-feng, n., (2) the southern wind.
4. 景光 jiing-guang, n., (1) light that brings good fortune;
5. 景光 jiing-guang, n., (2) condition, appearance, circumstance (＝光景).
6. 景教 Jiing-jiauh, n., Nestorianism;
7. 景教 Jiing-jiauh, n., 景教碑 the Nestorian Tablet.
8. 景狀 jiing-juahng, n., 景象 see jiing-shiahng↓.
9. 景致（兒） jiing-jyh (jiing-jeh-’l), n., an especially beautiful scenery (also wr. 景緻).
10. 景況 jiing-kuahng, n., (1) state of affairs, condition of things, circumstances;
11. 景況 jiing-kuahng, n., (2) a person’s fortune, good or bad.
12. 景慕 jiing-muh, v.t., esteem, adore, venerate.
13. 景色 jiing-seh, n., panoramic view, scenery.
14. 景象 jiing-shiahng, n., prospects, condition, appearance, outlook (of things).
15. 景星 jiing-shing, n., a lucky star.
16. 景行 jiing-shirng, n., noble character.
17. 景泰藍 jiing-taih-larn, n., cloisonne enamel.
18. 景天 jiing-tian, n., (bot.) the stone crop, Sedum purpureum.
19. 景物 jiing-wuh, n., the world of nature before one’s eyes.
20. 景仰 jirng-yaang, v.t., admire, esteem, hold in high respect.
21. 景雲 jiing-yurn, n., bright colored clouds regarded as harbingers of good fortune.

□ Num. Index: 41.01 shiahn . [Abbr. of 縣 41S.01]

纍 Num. Index: 41.01 leir .

N. (AC) a big strong rope.

V.t. (1) To link together.
(2) Fasten, bind.
(3) Put in chains: 纍囚 a bound prisoner;
纍臣 a minister thrown into prison.

Words 1. 纍纍 leir-leir, adj., (1) emaciated and weak;
2. 纍纍 leir-leir, adj., (2) clusters: 結實纍纍 fruits growing in clusters;
3. 纍纍 leir-leir, adj., (3) dejected, despondent: 纍纍若喪家之犬 looking dejected like a lost dog;
4. 纍纍 leir-leir, adj., (4) innumerable, scattered all over: 傷痕纍纍 with cuts and bruises all over.

暴 Num. Index: 41.02 bauh , (re. pr. *puh in some LL phrr. in sense of “expose”).

N. (1) A surname.
(2) Violence: 以暴易暴 change one tyranny for another tyranny.

V.t. (bauh or *puh) Expose, broadcast: 暴骨疆㪫 expose skeletons on battlefield;
暴露，暴揚 bauh-luh, bauh-yarng↓.

Adj. & adv. (1) Violent (event, temper), harsh and tyrannical (regime): 暴君，暴主 tyrant;
暴脾氣，暴性子 violent, irascible temper;
暴跳如雷 in a thundering rage.
(2) Sudden, abrupt: 暴發 sudden attack (of illness) or rise in fortune, see 暴發戶 bauh-fa-huh↓;
暴病 fall ill suddenly;
暴卒，暴亡 die suddenly, sudden death by violence;
暴富，暴貴 sudden wealth, rise in power;
暴漲 sudden rise in flood or stock prices;
暴殄天物 phr., waste natural products (grain, etc.);
粗暴 coarse, unruly;
強暴 violent (conduct), tyrannical (regime).

Words 1. 暴斃 bauh-bih, v.i., meet sudden death.
2. 暴棄 bauh-chih, v.i., abandon, be abandoned (in conduct): 自暴自棄 live in self-abandon, without ambition in life.
3. 暴動 bauh-duhng, n., street violence, riot.
4. 暴發戶（兒） bauh-fa-huh(’l), n., upstart, nouveau riche.
5. 暴風雨 bauh-feng-yuu, n., tempest.
6. 暴橫 bauh-herng (＝橫暴), adj., arrogant, defying law and order.
7. 暴虎馮河 bauh-huu-pirng-her, phr., (AC) brash physical courage (kill tiger with bare hands and swim across river).
8. 暴著 *puh-juh, adj., (LL) manifest, well-known.
9. 暴客 bauh-keh, n., see bauh-tur↓.
10. 暴烈 bauh-lieh, adj., violent.
11. 暴戾 bauh-lih¹, adj., violent tempered, cross-grained (暴戾恣睢).
12. 暴力 bauh-lih², n. & adj., violence, (-t), use of force.
13. 暴露 *puh-luh (sp. pr. bauh-luh), V.i. & t., to expose, be exposed in public (of crime, etc.): 連年暴露 (puh-luh) (LL) exposed to the sun and rain;
14. 暴露 *puh-luh (sp. pr. bauh-luh), V.i. & t., 這女明星太暴露了 (bauh-luh) this film star strips or exposes her body too much.
15. 暴虐 bauh-nyueh, adj., cruel, tyrannical (ruler, regime).
16. 暴行 bauh-shihng, n., unruly conduct, act of violence.
17. 暴徒 bauh-tur, n., roughneck, hoodlum.
18. 暴躁 bauh-tzauh, adj., irascible, unruly;
19. 暴躁 bauh-tzauh, adj., (coll.) feverish.
20. 暴揚 *puh-yarng, v.t., (LL) broadcast, publish (one’s deeds).

畏 Num. Index: 41.02 weih .

N. Fear, reverence: 無畏 fearlessness.

V.t. (1) To fear: 畏懼，畏恐 weih-jyuh, weih-kuung↓;
畏首畏尾 timid.
(2) To respect: 敬畏 fear, reverence (God);
p.p., respected: 畏友 respected friend.

Adj. Afraid: 畏怯 weih-chyueh↓.

Words 1. 畏避 weih-bih, v.t., avoid meeting (person).
2. 畏怯 weih-chyueh, adj., timid.
3. 畏服 weih-fur, v.t., obey or submit in fear;
4. 畏服 weih-fur, v.t., regard with great respect.
5. 畏忌 weih-jih, (1) v.i. & t., have aversion to;
6. 畏忌 weih-jih, (2) n., aversion, fear as restraint: 無所畏忌 stop at nothing.
7. 畏懼 weih-jyuh, v.i. & t. & n., fear.
8. 畏恐 weih-kuung, v.i. & t. & n., ditto.
9. 畏難 weih-narn, phr., 畏難而退 awed by the difficulty and stop.
10. 畏葸 weih-shii, adj., timid, timorous.
11. 畏縮 weih-suor, adj., ditto.
12. 畏途 weih-tur, n., as in 視為畏途 to regard as dangerous, to keep away from s.t.
13. 畏罪 weih-tzueih, phr., 畏罪而逃 flee to escape punishment.

晨 Num. Index: 41.02 chern .

N. The morning: 清晨，早晨 ditto;
凌晨 dawn;
晨起 wake up in the morning;
寥如晨星 rare as morning stars-very few;
晨昏定省 (shiing) (AC) attend upon parents personally (seeing them to bed and upon waking up).

Words 1. 晨操 chern-chau, n., morning exercise.
2. 晨熹 chern-shi, n., light at dawn.
3. 晨運 chern-yuhn, n., morning exercise.

曩 Num. Index: 41.02 naang .

Adv. Formerly, (LL) erstwhile: 曩昔，曩者，曩時 in former days, in times gone by;
the other day.

早 Num. Index: 41.10 tzaau .

N. Morning: 早晨 tzaau-chern↓;
早凑，早上，早間 tzaau-’shang¹, tzaau-shang², tzaau-jian↓;
早清（兒），清早，一早 early in the morning;
早出晚歸 go out in the morning and return in the evening;
早晚 tzaau-waan↓;
早安 good morning!
早起 tzaau-chii↓;
早飯 tzaau-fahn, 早點 tzaau-diaan↓;
早尖 (of traveler) have a light meal in the morning;
早茶 morning tea;
早朝 (tzaau-chaur) (of a monarch) hold a morning audience;
早會 morning briefing (discussion);
早操 morning exercise;
早經 matins.

Adj. & adv. (1) Former(ly), previous(ly): 早年 former years;
早歲 ditto;
早先 tzaau-shian, 早時 tzaau-shyr↓;
早婚 marry before reaching maturity;
早夭 die prematurely;
早世 ditto;
早已 tzaau-yii↓;
早就 tzaau-jiouh↓;
早則 already;
老早 some time previously, a long while ago;
早知如此 if I knew it beforehand;
提早（交貨） (goods delivered) in advance;
早了三天 three days ahead of time.
(2) Early: 早早的 as early as possible;
儘早，趁早，趕早，及早 ditto;
太早 too early;
尚早，還早 it’s yet early;
天不早了 it’s getting late;
早些兒，早些箇 be early;
早點兒（來） do come early;
早到，早退 attend, leave office early;
早日 tzaau-ryh↓;
早熟 tzaau-shour↓;
早產 tzaau-chaan↓;
早期 tzaau-chir↓.

Words 1. 早半天（兒） tzaau-’ban-tian (tzaau-’ban-tia-’l), adv., in the morning, before noon (also 早半凑兒).
2. 早產 tzaur-chaan, n., (med.) premature birth.
3. 早晨 tzaau-chern (tzaau-’chen), adv., early in the morning.
4. 早起 tzaur-chii (tzaau-’chi), v.i. & adv., (get up) early in the morning.
5. 早期 tzaau-chir, n., earlier period (stage, batch).
6. 早春 tzaau-chun, n., early spring.
7. 早稻 tzaau-dauh, n., early-maturing varieties of rice (opp. 晚稻 late-maturing varieties).
8. 早點 tzaur-diaan, n., a light breakfast.
9. 早飯 tzaau-fahn, n., breakfast.
10. 早慧 tzaau-hueih, adj., precocious (also 早惠).
11. 早間 tzaau-jian, n., the morning.
12. 早經 tzaau-jing, adv., already.
13. 早就 tzaau-jiouh, adv., since sometime ago.
14. 早年 tzaau-niarn, (1) n., early years;
15. 早年 tzaau-niarn, (2) adv., some years ago.
16. 早日 tzaau-ryh, adv., earlier than planned or scheduled.
17. 早凑 tzaau-’shang¹, n., morning.
18. 早上 tzaau-’shang², n., morning;
19. 早上 tzaau-’shang², adj., earlier: 早上五六年 five or six years earlier.
20. 早先 tzaau-shian, adv., in former times, formerly.
21. 早熟 tzau-shour, adj., (1) (of plants) early-maturing;
22. 早熟 tzau-shour, adj., (2) (of persons) reaching maturity earlier than others.
23. 早是 tzaau-shyh, adv., (1) happily, luckily, fortunately;
24. 早是 tzaau-shyh, adv., (2) already.
25. 早時 tzaau-shyr, n., former times.
26. 早晚 tzaau-waan, (1) n., morning and evening;
27. 早晚 tzaau-waan, n., time;
28. 早晚 tzaau-waan, (2) adv., sooner or later;
29. 早晚 tzaau-waan, adv., early or late: 這早晚才來 come late, come at this late hour;
30. 早晚 tzaau-waan, adv., 多早晚回來 when are you coming back?
31. 早已 tzaur-yii, adv., (1) already, for quite some time;
32. 早已 tzaur-yii, adv., (2) formerly, previously, earlier.

旱 Num. Index: 41.10 hahn .

N. & adj. (1) A drought: 旱災 hahn-tzai↓;
連年大旱 a great drought for successive years.
(2) Land (transportation in contract to 水 water): 趕旱路 go by land.
(3) Dry, without water: 旱筆 (callig.) comparatively dry brush;
旱稻，旱芹 rice, celery which grows on dry land;
旱雷 thunder without rain;
旱煙 hahn-yan↓.

Words 1. 旱魃 hahn-bar, n., the demon causing drought.
2. 旱蓮（子） hahn-liarn (hahn-liarn-tzyy), n., (bot.) forsythia, Hypericum erectum (also called 小連翹).
3. 旱傘 hahn-saan, n., parasol.
4. 旱獺 hahn-tah, n., (zoo.) the Russian marmot, Arctomys bobac.
5. 旱災 hahn-tzai, n., drought famine.
6. 旱煙 hahn-yan, n., old-fashioned tobacco pipe with long stem (opp. 水 ^ 煙 22.02, the pipe filled with water).

畢 Num. Index: 41.10 bih .

N. A surname.

V.i. & t. (LL) To finish, complete: 誦畢，念畢 after reading;
事已完畢 business is completed.

Adj. & adv. (LL) Complete, whole, all, entire: 畢生，畢世 the whole life, for life;
畢肖 very alike;
畢至，畢集 all (guests, birds) arrive, flock to a place;
原形畢露 to show one’s true colors.

Words 1. 畢真 bih-jen, adj., very true to life, (usu. wr. 逼真).
2. 畢竟 bih-jihng, adv., after all: 畢竟打不過他 after all (one) is defeated by him;
3. 畢竟 bih-jihng, adv., 畢竟歸空 after all, nothing is gained.
4. 畢命 bih-mihng, v.i., (LL) end life.
5. 畢肖 bih-shiauh, adj., see bih-jen↑.
6. 畢業 bih-yeh, v.i., graduate;
7. 畢業 bih-yeh, v.i., 畢業生 a graduate (of certain school);
8. 畢業 bih-yeh, v.i., 畢業典禮 graduation ceremony;
9. 畢業 bih-yeh, v.i., 畢業獻辭 valedictory.

暈 Num. Index: 41.10 yun (*yuhn , *yihn ).

N. (1) (*yuhn) Sun’s, moon’s halo.
(2) (*yihn) 血暈 state of coma, unconsciousness.

V.i. To faint: 暈過去 faint off.

Adj. Dizzy: 頭暈 dizzy;
暈眩 dizzy spell;
暈頭 yun-tour↓.

Words 1. 暈車 *yuhn-che, adj., car-sick.
2. 暈船 *yuhn-chuarn, adj., seasick.
3. 暈倒 yun-daau, v.t., to faint off.
4. 暈頭 yun-tour, adj., muddle-headed;
5. 暈頭 yun-tour, adj., 暈頭巴腦 ditto.

里 Num. Index: 41.11 lii .

N. (1) A place of residence: 里居 lii-jyu↓.
(2) A neighborhood: 鄉里，鄰里 village neighborhood, one’s native district;
里門 lii-mern, 里落 lii-luoh↓;
故里 one’s old home or native district.
(3) A precinct.
(4) 一里 one Chin. lii;
英里 (wr. 哩) one mile;
公里 one kilometer.
(5) 這里 this place, here;
那里 that place, there (var. of 這况，那况).
(6) A surname.

Words 1. 里程碑 lii-cherng-bei, n., a milestone, a landmark.
2. 里長 lir-jaang, n., (current) precinct chief.
3. 里正 lii-jehng, n., (AC) official village chief of precinct.
4. 里居 lii-jyu, n., (1) life in the countryside;
5. 里居 lii-jyu, n., (2) one’s home address.
6. 里落 lii-luoh, n., a village.
7. 里閭 lir-lyuu, n., formerly, a precinct division (lii-mern↓).
8. 里門 lii-mern, n., (1) the village entrance;
9. 里門 lii-mern, n., (2) a village neighborhood, one’s native district.
10. 里巷 lii-shiahng, n., streets and lanes.
11. 里胥 lii-shyu, n., formerly, (1) a village officer;
12. 里胥 lii-shyu, n., (2) a local constable.

星 Num. Index: 41.11 shing .

N. (1) A star, a heavenly body, a planet: 恆星 a fixed star;
行星 planet;
宪星 satellite;
慧星 comet;
流星，賊星 meteor;
水星 Mercury;
金星 Venus;
火星 Mars;
土星 Saturn;
海王星 Neptune;
天王星 the planet Uranus;
福星 lucky star;
壽星 person whose birthday is being celebrated, also god of longevity;
救星 savior (in any crisis);
星宿 shing-shiouh↓;
comb. with 斗 (＝北斗 North Pole Star);
星移斗轉 passing of night;
斗換星移 passing of hours of the night, or of months;
物換星移 (LL) things change with the passing of years;
星𣊊 the stars come back to original position in one year;
寥如晨星 rare, scarce (“like stars in morning”);
披星戴月 make a starlight journey, work very late or start before dawn.
(2) Prominent artist, actor or actress: 影星 movie star;
紅星，明星 popular actor or actress;
舞星，歌星 popular dancer, singer.
(3) Sparks: 火星兒.
(4) Marks on silver scales or steelyard indicating fractions of an ounce.
(5) Tiny amount: 一星半點 ditto;
零星，零零星星 n. & adv., piecemeal, odd pieces;
零星交付 give out by small amounts, not by whole amount;

Adv. (1) Spread, scattered: 星散 scattered;
星羅棋布，星敷 spread out (“like stars and chess pieces”).
(2) Under the starlight: 星夜奔喪 run home under starlight for funeral in “great haste”;
星發，星行 make a starlight journey;
hence in great haste;
星速 immediately;
星馳 hurry off on journey.

Words 1. 星辰 shing-chern, n., stars collectively: 日月星辰 the sun, moon and the stars.
2. 星球 shing-chiour, n., a star or planet (considered as globe).
3. 星期 shing-chir, n., (1) a week: 星期日，一，二，三，四，五，六 Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday;
4. 星期 shing-chir, n., (2) Sunday: 今天是星期 or 星期日 today is Sunday.
5. 星島 Shing-daau, n., another name for Singapore 星加坡.
6. 星斗 shing-doou, n., stars and constellations with reference to their course in sky.
7. 星漢 shing-hahn, n., the Milky Way.
8. 星河 shing-her, n., ditto.
9. 星火 shing-huoo, n., a spark: 星火燎原 a spark causes a prairie fire－(fig.) spark of social or political revolution.
10. 星加坡 Shing-jia-po, n., Singapore;
11. 星加坡 Shing-jia-po, n., see shing-daau↑, shing-jou↓.
12. 星鮫 shing-jiau, n., (zoo.) a giant octopus, Mustellus manazo (also called 白沙).
13. 星洲 Shing-jou, n., name for Singapore.
14. 星主 shing-juu, n., (MC coll.) upright prime minister or head of political group to pull country out of chaos.
15. 星曆 shing-lih, n., map of stars in different seasons.
16. 星綠藻 shing-luh-tzaau, n., a tiny water plant, Zygnemaceae.
17. 星芒 shing-marng, n., pointed rays of star.
18. 星命 shing-mihng, n., the star under which person is born.
19. 星散 shing-sahn, v.i., (of relatives, bandits, etc.) to scatter.
20. 星象 shing-shiahng, n., astrology;
21. 星象 shing-shiahng, n., 星象導航 navigation by stars.
22. 星星 shing-shing, (1) adj., tiny (white hair, etc.);
23. 星星 shing-shing, (2) n., (shing-’shing) the stars.
24. 星宿 shing-shiouh, n., (1) constellations: 十二星宿 the twelve constellations;
25. 星宿 shing-shiouh, n., (2) (shing-’su) a man’s star controlling his luck.
26. 星形 shing-shirng, n., (math.) star polygon.
27. 星霜 shing-shuang, n., the passing of years.
28. 星使 shing-shyy, n., formerly, an emissary.
29. 星速 shing-suh, adv., hurriedly, without delay.
30. 星彩 shing-tsaai, n., (min.) asterism (as in star sappire).
31. 星團 shing-tuarn, n., (astron.) star clusters.
32. 星座 shing-tzuoh, n., constellation.
33. 星子 shing-tzyy (shing-’tz), n., little bits;
34. 星子 shing-tzyy (shing-’tz), n., 油星子 spots of oil stain;
35. 星子 shing-tzyy (shing-’tz), n., 火星子 sparks;
36. 星子 shing-tzyy (shing-’tz), n., 唾沫星子 sprays from coughs.
37. 星眼 shing-yaan, n., woman’s clear eyes.
38. 星夜 shing-yeh, adv., see Adv. 2↑.
39. 星翳 shing-yih, n., (med.) small opaque dots on the cornea, nebula.
40. 星魚 shing-yur, n., a starfish.
41. 星雲 shing-yurn, n., (astron.) nebula, -ae.

量 Num. Index: 41.11 liarng (vb. mostly); liahng (n.).

N. (1) Measure: 度量衡 weights and measures, measures of length, capacity and weight;
量制 system of measures.
(2) (*liahng) Measure or capacity: 飯量，酒量 capacity for rice, wine;
量大 have great capacity;
容量 capacity of container;
重量 weight.
(3) (*liahng) Generosity, capacity for toleration: 器量大，小 capacity, incapacity, for tolerating and forgiving small things;
度量，氣量 generous character or lack of it.

V.i. & t. (1) To measure length, weight, distance: 量布，米，身材，地 measure cloth, rice, human figure, land;
量尺寸 take measures of length, size;
丈量 to measure land;
稱量，衡量 measure weight.
(2) As in 衡量文章 to grade writings;
衡量局勢 to consider and judge a situation;
測量 (geometry and geol.) to survey;
計量 to calculate, reckon;
估量 to estimate value.
(3) (*liahng) To limit: 量力而行 do what one’s strength allows;
不量力 (contempt.) overestimate one’s own ability;
量入為出 limit expenditures in accordance with income.

Words 1. 量杯 liarng-bei, n., graduated cup.
2. 量度 liarng-duoh, v.t. to measure, survey.
3. 量角器 liarng-jiaau-chih, n., protractor.
4. 量子 liahng-tzyy, n., (phys.) quantum;
5. 量子 liahng-tzyy, n., 量子論 quantum theory.

墅 Num. Index: 41.11 shuh .

N. A country villa: 別墅 ditto.

墨 Num. Index: 41.11 moh .

N. (1) Ink, ink cake: 繩墨 guideline;
中繩墨 following guidelines (of conduct).
(2) Writing: 筆墨 a writer’s art, style or skill;
筆墨有力 forceful writing.
(3) A surname: 墨翟，墨子 Moh Dir, Mocius, or Motse, anc. philosopher of universal love;
墨家，墨子之徒 Mocian (-ist).

Adj. (1) Done in ink: 墨竹，墨蘭 bamboo, orchid painted in black and white.
(2) Black, dark: 墨鏡 dark glasses, sunglasses;
墨晶 dark crystal;
墨絰 (AC) black linen mourning cloth;
墨詔 edict in black ink.

Words 1. 墨版 moh-baan, n., wood block for printing.
2. 墨寶 moh-baau, n., as in 敬求墨寶 request callig. scroll or handwriting for preservation.
3. 墨七 moh-chi, n., (dial.) a burglar.
4. 墨宝 moh-chuarng, n., case for ink sticks.
5. 墨斗 moh-doou, n., carpenter’s ink box and line for printing guidelines.
6. 墨海 moh-haai, n., ink slab or bowl for grinding ink.
7. 墨盒 moh-her (moh-her-tz, moh-her-’l), n., ink box, usu. made of copper containing ink pad.
8. 墨壼 moh-hur, n., ink bottle.
9. 墨跡（𤂌，蹟） moh-ji, n., writer’s handscript.
10. 墨家 Moh-jia, n., Mocian (-ists), see N.3↑.
11. 墨汁 moh-jy, n., prepared liquid ink (sold in bottles).
12. 墨客 moh-keh, n., usu. in 騷人墨客 writer, poet.
13. 墨吏 moh-lih, n., (LL) corrupt official (from 貪墨＝貪冒).
14. 墨綠 moh-luh, adj., dark yellowish green.
15. 墨瀋 moh-sheen, n., luster of ink on paper: 墨瀋未乾 the ink is hardly dry (before the treaty is broken).
16. 墨戲 moh-shih, n., painting in a few strokes, of wern-rern school （文人畫）.
17. 墨刑 moh-shirng, n., branding on forehead as punishment.
18. 墨守 moh-shoou, v.t., guard (tradition) vigilantly, resist change: 墨守成規 follow stereotype routine.
19. 墨水 moh-shueei, n., fluid ink: 肚子况喝了不少墨水 (fig.) have read a great many books.
20. 墨硯 moh-yahn, n., ink slab.
21. 墨油 moh-your, n., printing ink.
22. 墨魚 moh-yur, n., cuttlefish, (also called 烏賊 “black thief”).

壘 Num. Index: 41.11 leei .

N. (1) A rampart, a wall or partition: 堡疊 a fort, fortification;
壁壘分明 with sides clearly drawn, issues clearly stated;
雙方對壘 with both sides entrenched, ready to fight.
(2) (Baseball) base: 一壘，二壘 first, second base;
全壘打 home run.

Words 1. 壘球 leei-chiour, n., baseball (commonly called 棒球).
2. 壘塊 leei-kuaih, n., grievances: 胸中壘塊 grievances in one’s heart (also 磊塊 31. 40).

瞿 Num. Index: 41.11 chyu (also chyur , jyuh ).

N. A surname.

Adj. Agog, staring: 瞿視 staring blankly (also 瞿瞿，瞿然).

Words 1. 瞿麥 chyu-maih, n., a variety of wheat.

昇 Num. Index: 41.20 sheng . [Cogn. 升，陞]

V.i. To rise: 旭日東昇 the morning sun rises in the east;
to go up, be promoted (＝升).

Words 1. 昇汞 sheng-guung, n., (chem.) corrosive sublimate, mercuric chloride.
2. 昇華 sheng-huar, n. & v.i., (1) sublimate, -ion;
3. 昇華 sheng-huar, n. & v.i., (2) upsurge of spirit: 昇華氣象.
4. 昇平 sheng-pirng, adj., peaceful (era, world).

罌 Num. Index: 41.21 ying . [Var. 甖]

N. A round jar with a small opening.

Words 1. 罌粟 ying-suh, n., poppy.
2. 罌子桐 ying-tzyy-turng, n., (bot.) Chin. wood oil tree, Aleurites cordata.

罍 Num. Index: 41.21 leir . [Anc. var. 櫑]

N. (AC) a wooden drinking vessel.

甲 Num. Index: 41.22 jiaa (*jiah ).

N. (1) (Also *jiah) the first of the ten characters in 天干 decimal cycle, see Appendix A;
甲子 jiaa-tzyy↓;
花甲 sixty years of age.
(2) A suit of armor: 鎧甲 (AC) battle armor;
盔甲 helmet;
甲冑 jiaa-jour↓.
(3) Nails: 指甲 fingernails.
(4) A natural or artificial shell: 甲蟲 jiaa-churng↓;
龜甲 tortoise shell;
鐵甲船 an ironclad;
鐵甲車 an armored car, tank;
裝甲兵 an armored force or units.
(5) A unit of land measure in Taiwan equal to 0.96992 hectare.
(6) A unit of civil administration: 保甲 the basic unit of local self-government;
保甲制度 such a system.
(7) A substitute word for an indefinite person or thing: 某甲 Mr. “X”;
甲校 “X” school.

Adj. First: 甲組，甲班 the first section, class;
甲等 of the best quality.

V.t. Be better than, excel: 甲天下 number one in the world.

Words 1. 甲板 jiar-baan, n., the deck of a ship.
2. 甲榜 jiar-baang, n., formerly, Grade A in the highest government examination.
3. 甲兵 jiaa-bing, n., (1) a fully armed soldier;
4. 甲兵 jiaa-bing, n., (2) military force in gen.
5. 甲蟲 jiaa-churng, n., crustaceans.
6. 甲第 jiaa-dih, n., (1) an influential family;
7. 甲第 jiaa-dih, n., (2) rankings in government examinations.
8. 甲骨文 jiar-guu-wern, n., anc. script on tortoise shells or bones.
9. 甲長 jiar-jaang, n., a neighborhood chief.
10. 甲冑 jiaa-jour, n., armor.
11. 甲狀腺 jiaa-juahng-shiahn, n., (physiol.) the thyroid gland: 甲狀腺腫大 goiter.
12. 甲馬 jiar-maa, n., (1) armor and horses;
13. 甲馬 jiar-maa, n., (2) painted images of Buddha on paper.
14. 甲士 jiaa-shyh, n., armored soldiers.
15. 甲子 jiar-tzyy, n., (1) a person’s age;
16. 甲子 jiar-tzyy, n., (2) a cycle of sixty years.
17. 甲魚 *jiah-yur, n., the turtle.

畀 Num. Index: 41.22 bih . [Cogn. of 俾 91A.10]

V.t. Confer, give: 畀以重任 give (person) a responsible post.

昂 Num. Index: 41.22 arng .

V.t. To raise: 昂首 raise one’s head;
昂首𡚸步 to strut about.

Adj. (1) Soaring (price), expensive.
(2) Proud in bearing, standing straight: 氣貌軒昂 straight and impressive looking.

Words 1. 昂昂 arng-arng, adj., towering, proud in appearance.
2. 昂貴 arng-gueih, adj., (prices) high.
3. 昂然 arng-rarn, adj., see arng-arng↑.
4. 昂藏 arng-tsarng, adj., see arng-arng↑.

界 Num. Index: 41.22 jieh .

N. (1) Boundary: 分界 ditto;
界限 jieh-shiahn¹↓.
(2) World: 仙界 fairyland;
外界 the outside world, people outside;
世界 the world.
(3) Circles: 教育界，新聞界，商界 educational, journalistic, commercial circles;
男界 (toilet for) gentlemen;
女界 the ladies;
各界人士 (addressed to) all people of different walks of life.
(4) Poetic level: 境界 elevation of spirit.

V.t. To be bound by: 東界黃海 bound by the Yellow Sea on the east.

Words 1. 界碑 jieh-bei, n., boundary stone.
2. 界尺 jieh-chyy, n., a foot rule.
3. 界址 jieh-jyy, n., boundary.
4. 界限 jieh-shiahn¹, n., the limit.
5. 界線 jieh-shiahn², n., boundary line.
6. 界說 jieh-shuo, n., definition (of word).
7. 界約 jieh-yue, n., treaty defining boundary between two countries.

鼎 Num. Index: 41.22 diing .

N. (1) Tripod, a sacrificial or commemorative vessel: 鼎足 on three legs;
鼎足而三，鼎足之勢 a situation dominated by three powerful rivals;
鼎立，鼎峙 ditto.
(2) As symbol of dynasty: 鼎祚，鼎運 the destiny of a state;
鼎革 change of dynasty;
hence 鼎新 change, presenting new aspect;
see 鼎沸，鼎鼐 diing-fuh, diing-naih↓.

Adj. Weighty, carrying weight, important: 鼎力，鼎言 diing-lih, diing-yarn↓;
prosperous: 鼎盛 diing-shehng↓.

Words 1. 鼎鼎 dirng-diing, adj., very important in 鼎鼎大名 great reputation.
2. 鼎沸 diing-fuh, adj., boiling (turmoil).
3. 鼎輔 dirng-fuu, n., high minister of state.
4. 鼎革 diing-ger, n. & v.i., change of dynasty.
5. 鼎鑊 diing-huh, n., cauldron (without legs);
6. 鼎鑊 diing-huh, n., ancient punishment by boiling.
7. 鼎甲 dirng-jiaa, n., first three names in national civil examination.
8. 鼎力 diing-lih, v.i., (court.) use one’s great strength to support: 鼎力扶持.
9. 鼎鼐 diing-naih, n., (1) cooking vessels;
10. 鼎鼐 diing-naih, n., (2) office of prime minister.
11. 鼎盛 diing-shehng, adj., strong, in the prime of life: 春秋鼎盛.
12. 鼎新 diing-shin, v.i., make gen. reform, gen. change.
13. 鼎言 diing-yarn, n., (LL) weighty advice, from 言重九鼎 one’s word carries weight of nine tripods.

旦 Num. Index: 41.30 dahn .

N. (1) Dawn, morning: 坐以待旦 sit waiting for the dawn;
明旦 tomorrow morning;
元旦 New Year’s Day;
一旦 (adv.) if, once;
一旦不幸 if in some future day s.t. untoward happens.
(2) (dahn-tz) Actress or female impersonator: 小旦，花旦 one who plays role of young woman;
老旦 impersonator of old woman;
刀馬旦 actress versed in sword play, etc.

Words 1. 旦旦 dahn-dahn, adv., (AC) everyday;
2. 旦旦 dahn-dahn, adj., (AC) 信誓旦旦 clear, definite pledge.
3. 旦角 dahn-jyuer, n., role of female actress.
4. 旦暮 dah-muh, n., see dahn-shih↓.
5. 旦夕 dahn-shih, adv., a short moment, any moment: 旦夕之間 in a short moment;
6. 旦夕 dahn-shih, adv., 危在旦夕 danger may come any day, any time.

昱 Num. Index: 41.30 yuh .

N. The sunlight.

Adj. 昱昱 bright.

盟 Num. Index: 41.30 merng .

N. Alliance;
(AC) sworn oath of alliance among countries: 結盟，聯盟 form alliance;
國際聯盟 League of Nations;
背盟 break treaty;
同盟 allies;
生死盟 sworn friends for life or death;
鴛盟 lovers’ pledge, see 鴛 ^ 鴦 92.50.

Words 1. 盟邦 merng-bang, n., allies.
2. 盟國 merng-guor, n., ditto.
3. 盟主 merng-juu, n., (AC) person who administers oath of alliance;
4. 盟主 merng-juu, n., acknowledged leader of alliance.
5. 盟軍 merng-jyun, n., the allied forces.
6. 盟首 merng-shoou, n., (AC) leader of alliance.
7. 盟誓 merng-shyh, n., oath of alliance.
8. 盟約 merng-yue, n., treaty of alliance, covenant.

疊 Num. Index: 41.30 dier (*dar ). [Pop. 𠋥]

N. (*dar) (dier-tz) A pile: 一疊子紙片，鈔票 a pile (pack) of cards, a wad of bank notes.

V.t. (1) To pile up: 疊起來 pile up, fold up;
疊羅漢 make a human pyramid, 層巒疊嶂 layer upon layer of mountains;
疊宝架屋 senseless piling up of phrases.
(2) (AC) 震疊 be frightened.
(3) (AC) 疊鼓 rattle drum.

Adj. & adv. Repetitious: 重疊，重重疊疊 layer after layer, repeatedly.

Words 1. 疊句 dier-jyuh, n., reiterative phr. or sentence, like “凄凄，慘慘,” also called 疊字.
2. 疊次 dier-tsyh, adv., again and again, repeatedly (give warning, etc.).
3. 疊韻 dier-yuhn, n., two words having same vowel formation, e.g., dang-lang (噹啷), cf. two words having same consonant, e.g., ding-dang (叮噹), called 雙聲.

□ Num. Index: 41.40 lyueh . [Var. of 略 41S.40]

晷 Num. Index: 41.40 gueei .

N. (1) The sun’s shadow.
(2) A sundial.
(3) A duration of time: 日無暇晷 (LL) with no time to spare, busy from morning to night;
焚膏繼晷 (LL) burn candles till daybreak (in studies).

日 Num. Index: 41.41 ryh .

N. (1) The sun: 日光 sunshine, sunlight;
日光浴 sun bath;
日光節約（時間） daylight-saving (time);
日華 the glory of the sun;
日球 ryh-chiour↓;
日系 ryh-shih²;
日薄西山 (fig.) in the evening of life;
日出 sunrise;
日沒 sunset;
日暮途窮 destitute, poor and homeless;
日蝕 ryh-shyr²↓;
日上三竿 late in the morning (“the sun is high up in the sky”);
日升月恆 in the ascendant (“the sun is rising and the moon waxing”);
日色 sunlight;
日影 shadows cast by the sun.
(2) Daytime: 白日 daytime, broad daylight;
日况 ryh-lii↓;
日間 ryh-jian↓;
日夕 ryh-shih¹↓;
日㪫 ryh-chaang↓;
日夜 day and night.
(3) One full day: 三日不見 haven’t seen s.o. for three days;
每日 every day;
日日 day by day;
日又一日 day in and day out;
逐日 from day to day;
終日 all day long;
日利 ryh-lih¹↓;
日課 ryh-keh↓;
日刊 ryh-kan↓;
日積月累 by slow accumulation;
日誌 ryh-jyh↓;
日程 ryh-cherng↓;
日給 ryh-jii↓;
日計 ryh-jih¹↓;
日記 ryh-jih²↓;
日就月將 with steady progress from day to day and from month to month;
日新月異 never-ending changes and improvements;
日省月試 subject to constant supervision and testing;
日支 ryh-jy↓.
(4) Time in gen.: 往日 in the past;
昔日 formerly;
吉日 lucky day;
佳日 a fine day;
來日 coming days;
異日 another day;
他日 some day in the future;
日不暇給 fully occupied from morning to night, have no time to spare;
日子 ryh-tz↓;
日期 ryh-(’)chir↓;
日內 ryh-neih↓;
日來 ryh-lair↓;
近日 recently, in recent days;
日後 ryh-houh↓;
日久天長 for many, many years to come, for a long, long time;
日前 ryh-chiarn↓;
日昨 ryh-tzuor↓;
不日 in a few days;
今日 today, now, at present;
平日 usually (in the past);
明日 tomorrow;
永日 the whole day;
無日無之 not a day passes without it;
連日 day after day, for days on end.
(5) Short for 日本 Nippon, Japan: 日人 Japanese;
日文 Japanese language.

Words 1. 日斑 ryh-ban, n., sunspots.
2. 日報 ryh-bauh, n., (1) a daily newspaper;
3. 日報 ryh-bauh, n., (2) daily reports or accounts rendered.
4. 日本 Ryh-been, n., Japan, Nippon.
5. 日表 ryh-biaau, n., (1) utmost reaches of the universe;
6. 日表 ryh-biaau, n., (2) a sundial.
7. 日晡 ryh-bu, n., twilight, dusk, nightfall.
8. 日差 ryh-cha, n., daily difference in the length of shadows cast by the sun.
9. 日㪫 ryh-chaang, n., a matin𦱿.
10. 日常 ryh-charng, adj. & adv., usual(ly), ordinar(il)y, daily.
11. 日程 ryh-cherng, n., a daily schedule, agenda.
12. 日前 ryh-chiarn, adv., a few days ago, only the other day, recently.
13. 日球 ryh-chiour, n., the sun regarded as a planet.
14. 日期 ryh-chir (ryh-’chi), n., a date.
15. 日珥 ryh-eel, n., (astron.) solar prominences.
16. 日耳曼 Ryh-eel-mahn, n., Germany.
17. 日光燈 ryh-guang-deng, n., a fluorescent lamp.
18. 日晷 ryh-gueei, n., (1) shadows cast by the sun;
19. 日晷 ryh-gueei, n., (2) a sundial.
20. 日圭 ryh-guei¹, n., a sundial.
21. 日規 ryh-guei², n., ditto.
22. 日後 ryh-houh, adv., later on, in the future.
23. 日照 ryh-jauh, n., sunshine.
24. 日者 rhy-jee, (1) n., a diviner, a soothsayer;
25. 日者 rhy-jee, (2) adv., (LL) the other day, a few days age.
26. 日間 ryh-jian, n., daytime.
27. 日計 ryh-jih¹, adj., calculated on a daily basis.
28. 日記 ryh-jih², n., a daily written record;
29. 日記 ryh-jih², n., 日記本 a diary;
30. 日記 ryh-jih², n., 日記帳 (bookkeeping) daily ledger.
31. 日給 ryh-jii, n., daily allowance or pay.
32. 日中 ryh-jung, n., (1) high noon, midday;
33. 日中 ryh-jung, n., (2) the vernal equinox.
34. 日支 ryh-jy, n., daily expenses (expenditures).
35. 日誌 ryh-jyh, n., a daily record: 航海日誌 a logbook.
36. 日腳 ryh-jyuer, n., (1) the light of a setting sun;
37. 日腳 ryh-jyuer, n., (2) (Shanghai dial.) (＝日子 ryh-tz↓).
38. 日刊 ryh-kan, n., a daily publication.
39. 日課 ryh-keh, n., daily lessons (studies).
40. 日來 ryh-lair, adv., recently, in recent days.
41. 日利 ryh-lih¹, n., (banking) daily interest.
42. 日曆 ryh-lih², n., a calendar.
43. 日况 ryh-lii, n., (＝日間 ryh-jian↑).
44. 日錄 ryh-luh, n., (1) a daily record of events;
45. 日錄 ryh-luh, n., (2) a diary.
46. 日輪 ryh-lurn, n., the sun (“solar disk”).
47. 日冕 ryh-miaan, n., corona of the sun.
48. 日內 ryh-neih, adv., in a day or two.
49. 日內瓦 Ryh-neih-waa, n., Geneva.
50. 日射病 ryh-sheh-bihng, n., sunstroke, heatstroke, heat exhaustion.
51. 日下 ryh-shiah, n., (1) the present time;
52. 日下 ryh-shiah, n., (2) formerly, the national capital.
53. 日夕 ryh-shih¹, n., day and night.
54. 日系 ryh-shih², n., the solar system.
55. 日食 ryh-shyr¹, n., (1) (＝日蝕 ryh-shyr²↓);
56. 日食 ryh-shyr¹, n., (2) way of living: 日食艱難 live a hard life.
57. 日蝕 ryh-shyr², n., an eclipse of the sun.
58. 日天 ryh-tian, n., (Shanghai dial.) one full day: 走了幾日天 took several days on the way.
59. 日頭 ryh-’tou, n., (1) the sun;
60. 日頭 ryh-’tou, n., (2) daytime as opp. to nighttime;
61. 日頭 ryh-’tou, n., (3) some particular day.
62. 日子 ryh-tz, n., (1) one full day;
63. 日子 ryh-tz, n., (2) some particular day: 今天是他結婚的日子 today is his wedding day;
64. 日子 ryh-tz, n., (3) a date: 你有日子走沒有 have you a date for your departure?
65. 日子 ryh-tz, n., (4) a period of time: 他要請假，我只給他三天的日子 he wants to have a leave of absence and I have given him only three days;
66. 日子 ryh-tz, n., (5) way of living: 他半生過的都是愁苦的日子 he has led a sad and miserable existence almost all his life;
67. 日子 ryh-tz, n., livelihood: 那時他家的日子很不好過 his family was then having a hard time of it.
68. 日昨 ryh-tzuor, adv., (LL) yesterday.
69. 日曜日 ryh-yauh-ryh, n., Sunday.
70. 日月 ryh-yueh, n., (1) the sun and the moon.
71. 日暈 ryh-yuhn, n., halo around the sun.
72. 日用 ryh-yuhng, n., daily expenses;
73. 日用 ryh-yuhng, n., 日用品 daily necessities.

曰 Num. Index: 41.41 yue .

V.i. (LL) say: 子曰 Confucius said;
子曰詩云 fond of quoting the classics.

昌 Num. Index: 41.41 chang .

V.i. & adj. (1) To prosper, -ing;
thrive, -ving: 昌大，昌盛 chang-dah, chang-shehng↓;
昌時，昌期 (LL) age of prosperity, peak;
五世其昌 (AC) may the family prosper five generations running.
(2) Bright: 昌明 chang-mirng↓;
東方昌矣 (AC) it is bright on the eastern horizon.
(3) (AC) good: 昌言 good words.
(4) (AC) u.f. 猖 violent, unruly.

Words 1. 昌大 chang-dah, v.i. & adj., grow, become great;
2. 昌大 chang-dah, v.i. & adj., prosperous (period).
3. 昌歜 chang-jur, n., (Chin. med.) ground roots of calamus (菖蒲 20A.41).
4. 昌明 chang-mirng, adj., bright, peak (period).
5. 昌盛 chang-shehng, adj., prosperous.
6. 昌言 chang-yarn, v.i., announce openly.

晶 Num. Index: 41.41 jing .

N. Crystal: 結晶 crystallization;
水晶 quartz;
紫水晶 amethyst;
紅晶 garnet;
電晶體（收音機） transistor (radio).

Adj. Bright, clear: 晶晶 clear and bright;
晶熒 glittering, 晶瑩 radiant, resplendent;
亮晶晶 sparkling.

Words 1. 晶體 jing-tii, n., crystal (form).

暑 Num. Index: 41.41 shuu .

N. Summer;
summer heat: 暑天 shuu-tian↓;
暑期，暑假 shuu-chir, shuu-jiah↓;
避暑 go to summer resort;
中暑，受暑 suffer sunstroke.

Words 1. 暑氣 shuu(’)chih, n., summer heat.
2. 暑期 shuu-chir, n., summer season;
3. 暑期 shuu-chir, n., holidays;
4. 暑期 shuu-chir, n., 暑期班 summer school or class.
5. 暑伏 shuu-fur, n., generally thirty days after summer solstice, the hottest days of summer.
6. 暑假 shuu-jiah, n., summer holidays.
7. 暑熱 shuu-reh, n., heat of summer.
8. 暑溽 shuu-ruh, n., summer damp.
9. 暑天 shuu-tian, n., summer days.
10. 暑暍 shuu-yeh, n., sunstroke, heat prostration.

冒 Num. Index: 41.41 mauh .

N. A surname.

V.i. (1) To risk, brave (danger): 冒生命的危險 risk one’s life;
冒風雨 brave winds and rain;
冒死進言 to appeal (to emperor) at the risk of death;
冒嫌疑 risk people’s suspicion;
冒大不韙 go in the face of public opinion or statutes.
(2) To act under false pretences: 冒名頂替 substitute for another, assuming latter’s name;
冒籍考試 assume false district of origin and take civil examinations;
冒領 get pay under another’s name;
冒餉 pad payroll of army;
冒認 assume false identity;
冒姓 take false surname.
(3) To cover, cap: 下土是冒 (AC) cover this lower earth.
(4) To send up, burst: 冒孼 belch smoke;
瞧的我的兩眼冒金星兒 stares at me until stars dance before my eyes;
冒熱氣 do things by spurts and darts.

Adj. Rash, thoughtless, see 冒失 mauh-’shy↓.

Words 1. 冒□ mauh-dur, v.t., bother: 冒□清神 (court.) bother your attention.
2. 冒犯 mauh-fahn, v.t., violate openly (statutes, etc.).
3. 冒壞 mauh-huaih, v.t., spoil by bad advice (also 冒壞水兒 mauh-huai-shueei-’l).
4. 冒火 mauh-huoo, v.i., get very angry;
5. 冒火 mauh-huoo, v.i., shoot up flame.
6. 冒兒咕冬 mauh-’l-gu-dung, adj. & adv., rashly (break into room).
7. 冒冒失失 mauh-’mau-shy-shy, adj. & adv., absent-minded, disorderly, reckless, -ly.
8. 冒猛（子） mauh-meeng(tz), adv., suddenly.
9. 冒昧 mauh-meih, adj., (court.) presumptuous, rash: 冒昧的很 it is very presumptuous of me to.
10. 冒名 mauh-mirng, v.i., take another’s name (under false pretense).
11. 冒牌（兒） mauh-pair (mauh-par’l), n. & adj., infringe trademark;
12. 冒牌（兒） mauh-pair (mauh-par’l), n. & adj., 冒牌貨 mauh-pair-huoh, imitation or pirated goods under false name;
13. 冒牌（兒） mauh-pair (mauh-par’l), n. & adj., 冒牌醫生 unlicensed doctor.
14. 冒險 mauh-shiaan, v.i. & adj., take risks, adventure;
15. 冒險 mauh-shiaan, v.i. & adj., adventurous: 冒險精神 adventurous spirit.
16. 冒失 mauh-’shy, adj., rash, thoughtless, scatterbrained: 冒失鬼 (derog.) a madcap.
17. 冒充 mauh-tsung, v.t., pretend to be: 冒充某人 pretend to be Mr. X.
18. 冒嘴兒 mauh-tzuee-’l, v.i., (of the sun) begin to show up on the horizon.

目 Num. Index: 41.41 muh .

N. (1) The eye: 怒目 with angry look;
觸目 meets the eye;
觸目皆是 (distress, wounded soldiers) meet the eye everywhere;
注目，矚目 focus eye or attention (on person, thing);
醒目 adj., easy on the eye, neat and clear;
奪目 ravishing, conspicuous;
不堪入目 disgusting;
夫妻反目 husband and wife quarrel;
目不見睫 cannot see the beam (lit. lashes) in one’s own eye;
目不交睫 never sleep a wink (“close lashes”);
目不窺園，目不斜視 absolute concentration on studies;
目瞪口呆 stunned speechless;
目□欲裂 (AC) eyes bursting with anger;
目不轉睛 stare continuously;
過目成誦 can repeat after seeing once;
一目十行 read ten lines at one glance;
不曾寓目 never set eyes on;
目中無人，目空一切, expressions of pride and haughtiness;
目無法紀，目無尊長 have no regard for laws or superiors;
目指氣使，目使頤令 giving order by look or glance;
目往神受 see (idea, thought) with real concentration;
目語 language of the eyes;
目無全牛 (allu.) a master butcher sees through parts and joints (of cow without cutting;
耳濡目染 colored by what one sees and hears constantly;
目送手揮 hands and eyes acting in coordination of painting);
目不識丁 completely illiterate.
(2) Article, list, category, number: 數目 number;
價目 price;
項目，條目 article, item on list;
科目 category, branch of study;
題目 title (of essay, lecture);
名目 title, name;
標目 label, tag;
書目 catalogue;
編目 catalogue, prepare catalogue.
(3) Head, officer: 頭目 leader of group, gang;
盜目 chief of bandit;
吏目 petty officer.
(4) A surname.

V.i. & t. Look: 目之 (LL) look at it;
目為 (LL) regard as (unimportant, follower, etc.).

Words 1. 目標 muh-biau, n., target, aim.
2. 目前 muh-chiarn, adv., at present.
3. 目的 muh-dih, n., aim, object: 甚麼目的 what is the object? 目的地 destination.
4. 目怣 muh-duu, v.t., to witness.
5. 目光 muh-guang, n., a man’s vision, ability to size up person or scheme: 目光遠大 have farsight;
6. 目光 muh-guang, n., 目光銳利 have sharp eye;
7. 目光 muh-guang, n., 目光如豆 extremely shortsighted, myopic view of things;
8. 目光 muh-guang, n., 目光無神 dull-looking.
9. 目今 muh-jin, adv., now (in surveying present situation).
10. 目擊 muh-jir, v.t., to witness.
11. 目眶 muh-kuang, n., eye socket.
12. 目力 muh-lih, n., sight, vision;
13. 目力 muh-lih, n., power of judgment.
14. 目錄 muh-luh, n., catalogue, contents (of book).
15. 目下 muh-shiah, adv., at present.
16. 目笑 muh-shiauh, v.i., (LL) give a smiling glance.
17. 目神 muh-shern, n., a person’s look (bright, dull, suspicious, etc.).
18. 目眩 muh-shyuarn, adj., giddy.
19. 目送 muh-suhng, v.t., to gaze while bidding farewell.
20. 目逃 muh-taur, v.i., (LL) having nervous look, dare not look straight.
21. 目次 muh-tsyh, n., contents (of book).

田 Num. Index: 41.41-1 tiarn .

N. (1) A surname.
(2) Farm: 良田 good farm;
稻田，水田 paddy field;
旱田 dry land, farm for wheat, cotton, etc. other than rice;
桑田 mulberry field;
公田 public farm, see 井 ^ 田 20.20;
心田 the mind considered as ground for cultivation.

V.i. & t. (1) (AC) to farm.
(2) To hunt: 田獵.

Words 1. 田產 tiarn-chaan, n., landed property;
2. 田產 tiarn-chaan, n., farm product.
3. 田疇 tiarn-chour, n., (AC) farm land.
4. 田盪 tiarn-dahng, n., a kind of implement for levelling field.
5. 田地 tiarn-dih, n., farm land;
6. 田地 tiarn-dih, n., situation (usu. bad): 弄到這個田地 got into such a situation.
7. 田賦 tiarn-fuh, n., tax on farm land.
8. 田黃 tiarn-huarng, n., honeycolored stone, prized as seal stone.
9. 田雞 tiarn-ji, n., frog: 四眼田雞 (facet.) bespectacled person, esp. schoolchild.
10. 田家 tiarn-jia, n., farmer: 田家翁 (poet.) old farmer;
11. 田家 tiarn-jia, n., 田家子 farmer’s child.
12. 田假 tiarn-jiah, n., school holidays in country when children are needed for the farm, such as during harvest.
13. 田徑賽 tiarn-jihng-saih, n., (athletics) track and field events.
14. 田莊 tiarn-juang, n., farmstead.
15. 田獵 tiarn-lieh, v.i. & n., hunt(ing).
16. 田螺 tiarn-luor, n., edible snail.
17. 田廬 tiarn-lur, n., farmer’s hut, house at the farm.
18. 田賽 tiarn-saih, n., (athletics) field events.
19. 田舍 tiarn-sheh, n., farmhouse;
20. 田舍 tiarn-sheh, n., 田舍翁，田舍郎 (poet.) country squire, see tiarn-jia↑.
21. 田鼠 tiarn-shuu, n., field mouse, mole.
22. 田田 tiarn-tiarn, n., (AC) healthy, beautifully green (of ponds, fields).
23. 田頭 tiarn-tour, n., formerly, minor officer in charge of land properties;
24. 田頭 tiarn-tour, n., field path.
25. 田土 tiarn-tuu, n. field, farm land.
26. 田租 tiarn-tzu, n., farm rent.
27. 田字面 tiarn-tzyh-miahn, n., (MC) person with square face.
28. 田野 tiarn-yee, n., the countryside, open country.
29. 田園 tiarn-yuarn, n., farm garden, rustic home.

毌 Num. Index: 41.41-1 guahn . [Anc. var. of 貫 41.80]

因 Num. Index: 41.41-1 yin .

N. Cause, reason: 因由，因緣 yin-your, yin-yuarn↓;
因果 yin-guoo↓;
主因 main cause;
要因 important cause or reason;
前因 (a) reason to be found in previous incarnation;
(b) antecedent;
遠因 distant cause;
近因 immediate cause;
種因 to saw the seeds of (future trouble, war, etc.);
有因 there’s a reason;
無因 for no reason at all;
何因 why? what cause?

V.i. & t. To carry on: 因仍，因襲 yin-rerng, yin-shir²↓.

Prep. (1) On the basis of, by the support of: 因人成事 do s.t. by the help of s.o.;
因陋就□ to economize because of lack of funds.
(2) According to, in accord with: 因病下藥 apply medicine according to indications;
因時制宜 do what is appropriate according to the circumstances;
因勢利導 guide or channel action according to circumstances;
因材施教 teach a person according to what he is good for.
(3) (Prep. & conj.) for, on account of, because of: 因為 yin-weih↓;
因此 yin-tsyy↓;
因而 (because of s.t.) therefore;
因禍得福 luck grows out of adversity;
因小失大 lose the main goal because of small gains;
因噎廢食 stop eating altogether on account of a hiccup-unjustified giving up of a good cause.

Words 1. 因革 yin-ger, n., historical development (＝沿革).
2. 因故 yin-guh, phr., for this reason.
3. 因公 yin-gung, phr., on account of official duty.
4. 因果 yin-guoo, n., (Budd.) retribution, chain of cause and effect: 前因後果 antecedents and consequences;
5. 因果 yin-guoo, n., 因果報應 retribution for sin;
6. 因果 yin-guoo, n., 因果律 principle of efficient casuality.
7. 因何 yin-her, phr., for what reason?
8. 因著 yin-je, phr., because of, on account of.
9. 因之 yin-jy, phr., (LL) because of that.
10. 因明 yin-mirng, n., (Hindu) the science of logic.
11. 因仍 yin-rerng, v.i. & t., to persist without change: 因仍舊慣 follow old routine.
12. 因習 yin-shir¹, v.i. & t., ditto.
13. 因襲 yin-shir², v.i. & t., ditto.
14. 因數 yin-shuh, n., (math.) factor.
15. 因是 yin-shyh, phr., because of this.
16. 因循 yin-shyurn, v.i., to follow old routine.
17. 因此 yin-tsyy, phr., because of this (=therefore).
18. 因子 yin-tzyy, n., cause;
19. 因子 yin-tzyy, n., factor;
20. 因子 yin-tzyy, n., 因子分析 factorization (math.).
21. 因為 yin-weih (yin-’wei), conj., because.
22. 因應 yin-yihng, v.i., (AC) to adjust, react: 因應變化 change according to changing circumstances.
23. 因由（兒） yin-your(’l) (yin-’you), n., reason, cause.
24. 因緣 yin-yuarn, n., (1) a chance, opportunity (cf. 姻 ^ 緣 93A.41);
25. 因緣 yin-yuarn, n., (2) (Budd.) the chain of cause and effect;
26. 因緣 yin-yuarn, n., 因緣生法 the law of mutual causation of all actions.

困 Num. Index: 41.41-1 kuhn .

V.t. To surround: 被困 be surrounded (by enemy);
困於酒色 addicted to drink and sex, steeped in wine and surrounded by women;
坐困愁城 wallow in slough of despond;
困擾 perplex.

Adj. & adv. (1) Hard pressed, hard up, in straits: 窮困 hard up;
see many compp.↓.
(2) Tired, exhausted: 他困了 (vern.) he is tired.
(3) Sleepy (also wr. 睏): 困了就去睡 go to bed when you are tired;
困倦 kuhn-jyuahn↓.

Words 1. 困窮 kuhn-chyurng, adj., impoverished, in difficult circumstances.
2. 困頓 kuhn-duhn, adj., tired, exhausted;
3. 困頓 kuhn-duhn, adj., frustrated.
4. 困阨 kuhn-eh, adj., in difficult straits.
5. 困乏 kuhn-far, adj., tired, exhausted;
6. 困乏 kuhn-far, adj., in difficult position.
7. 困惑 kuhn-huoh, n., difficulty, difficult problem, situation;
8. 困惑 kuhn-huoh, n., perplexity.
9. 困覺 kuhn-jiauh, v.i., go to sleep.
10. 困倦 kuhn-jyuahn, adj., tired, weary, fatigued.
11. 困窘 kuhn-jyuung, adj., in distress.
12. 困苦 kuhn-kuu, adj. & n., difficult, -y, hardship, suffering: 困苦難堪 suffering unbearable hardships.
13. 困惱 kuhn-naau, adj. & n., vexed, -xation, confused, -sion.
14. 困難 kuhn-narn, adj. & n., difficulty: 有甚麼困難 what the difficulty? 事情很困難 the thing is very difficult.

囤 Num. Index: 41.41-1 duhn . (*turn ).

N. Grain basket.

V.t. (*turn or duhn) To store up: 囤糧 store up food for army;
囤貨 store up goods, hoard.

Words 1. 囤積 *turn-ji, v.t., hoard up: 囤積居奇 to corner goods;
2. 囤積 *turn-ji, v.t., hoarding and speculation.

固 Num. Index: 41.41-1 guh .

N. A surname.

V.i. & t. (1) V.i., become solid: 凝固 solidify, 固結 guh-jier↓.
(2) V.t., strengthen, defend: 鞏固 consolidate, strengthen;
固國不以山谿之險 it’s not high mountains and deep valleys that best serve to defend a country.

Adj. (1) Solid, firm: 堅固 strong;
牢固 secure;
固體 guh-tii↓.
(2) Stable: 固定 guh-dihng↓;
國可以固 (LL) then the country can have peace and stability.
(3) Obstinate, stubborn, insistent, resolute, steadfast: 固執 guh-’jyr↓;
固請 an insistent request or invitation;
固辭 resolute refusal;
固留 insist on s.o. to stay;
固持己見 self-opinionated;
頑固 die-hard, stubborn, unyielding.
(4) Base, mean, ignorant: 君子謂之固 (LL) a superior man would call it mean;
固陋 guh-louh↓.
(5) Chronic: 固疾 guh-jir↓.

Adv. (1) Originally, certainly, assuredly: 固有 guh-yoou, 固然 guh-’rarn, 固守 guh-shoou↓.
(2) Indeed, once upon a time: 臣固聞之 your humble servant heard it said once upon a time that…;
固有之矣 yes, it did happen indeed;
仁人固如是乎 is that the way of a worthy man?

Words 1. 固定 guh-dihng, adj., fixed, stationary, unshakable: 固定資本 fixed capital (opp. 流動資本 circulating or floating capital).
2. 固結 guh-jier, v.i. & adj., (become) solidified, tied up.
3. 固疾 guh-jir, n., a chronic disease (＝痼疾).
4. 固執 guh-’jyr, adj. & adv., (1) stubborn(ly), obstinate(ly), unyielding(ly);
5. 固執 guh-’jyr, adj. & adv., (2) (guh-jyr) steadfast(ly): 擇善固執 choose what is good and hold to it fast;
6. 固執 guh-’jyr, adj. & adv., (3) v.i. & t., to stick to (one’s opinion), obstinate.
7. 固陋 guh-louh, adj., ignorant, vulgar, rustic, provincial.
8. 固然 guh-’rarn, adj. & adv., (1) assured(ly), certain(ly), doubtless: 事有必至，理有固然 it is bound to happen－is logical and natural;
9. 固然 guh-’rarn, adj. & adv., (2) adv. & conj., though, it is true that…: 你這樣做，固然不錯 granted that (it is true that) the way you do it is right, still….
10. 固守 guh-shoou, (1) v.i. & t., keep without change, to stand one’s ground 固守成規 stick to old rules;
11. 固守 guh-shoou, (2) adj., conservative.
12. 固實 guh-shyr, n., (＝故實) past precedents.
13. 固體 guh-tii, n., (phys.) a solid (body) (opp. 液體，氣體 a liquid, gas).
14. 固有 guh-yoou, adj. & adv., proper(ly), original(ly): 固有名詞 (gram.) proper nouns (opp. 普通名詞 common nouns);
15. 固有 guh-yoou, adj. & adv., 固有權 inherent or original rights;
16. 固有 guh-yoou, adj. & adv., 固有此說 originally there was such a theory or assumption, it was originally so stated;
17. 固有 guh-yoou, adj. & adv., 固有道德 traditional ethics.

囿 Num. Index: 41.41-1 youh .

N. (LL) garden: 園囿，苑囿 a pleasure garden;
an enclosure for animals (deer, etc.): 鹿囿.

V.i. To be hampered, limited in vision: 囿於一隅 be restricted to a narrow confine;
囿於俗見 blinded by current prejudices.

圃 Num. Index: 41.41-1 puu .

N. (1) Orchard, garden: 菜圃 vegetable garden;
悞圃 fruit orchard;
花圃 flower nursery.
(2) (AC) gardener.
(3) A patch of ground: 㪫圃.

圉 Num. Index: 41.41-1 yuu .

N. (1) A stable, corral, enclosure.
(2) (AC) border territory.

圊 Num. Index: 41.41-1 ching .

N. Lavatory: 圊桶 night pot;
圊溷 manure pit in countryside.

圈 Num. Index: 41.41-1 chyuan (*jyuan , *juahn ).

N. (1) A circle: 圓圈 a circle drawn on paper or any circle;
畫圈 draw a circle;
跑了一圈 run a distance back to starting point.
(2) Any circular object: 花圈 a wreath;
橡皮圈 rubber band;
救生圈 life belt;
游泳圈 swimming belt for beginners.
(3) Group: 文化圈，教育圈 literary, educational circle(s);
商業圈 commercial circle(s);
大氣圈 ionosphere.
(4) (*jyuahn) A corral: 牛圈 enclosure for cows;
豬圈 pigpen.

V.t. (1) To encircle, to fence in: 圈上，圈住，圈起來 to fence in.
(2) To draw a circle over or by a word: 圈點 chyuan-diaan↓.
(3) (*jyuan) To shut up: 圈住，圈起來 to shut up (person, animals, etc.).

Words 1. 圈閉 chyuan-bih, v.t., to shut up (person, animal).
2. 圈圈（兒） chyuan-chyuan (chyuan-chyua-’l), phr., (1) v.i., to draw circles on paper (first chyuan used as vb.);
3. 圈圈（兒） chyuan-chyuan (chyuan-chyua-’l), phr., (2) n., a drawn circle: 這麼一個小圈圈兒 such a small circle;
4. 圈圈（兒） chyuan-chyuan (chyuan-chyua-’l), phr., (3) n., a group: 搞小圈圈 form small cliques: 別加入這類圈圈况去 don’t join such circles of friends.
5. 圈點 chyuan-diaan, v.t. & n., to punctuate, -tion;
6. 圈點 chyuan-diaan, v.t. & n., mark a good (passage) with circles.
7. 圈禁 chyuan-jihn, v.t., to keep within enclosure;
8. 圈禁 chyuan-jihn, v.t., to detain.
9. 圈口（兒） chyuou-koou’(l), n., diameter (of bracelet, ring, etc.).
10. 圈兒 chyua-’l, n., (1) see N.↑;
11. 圈兒 chyua-’l, n., (2) esp. enclosure or permissible grounds: 鬧得都出了圈兒 has got beyond all bounds;
12. 圈兒 chyua-’l, n., (3) a trap, see chyuan-tauh↓.
13. 圈弄 chyuan-nuhng, v.t., to frame up (person), to entrap.
14. 圈套（兒） chyuan-tauh(’l), n., a trap to frame up (person) or keep him under control: 上了他的圈套 fall into his trap.
15. 圈子 chyuan-tz, n., see 圈 N.↑ esp. 圈套 chyuan-tauh↑;
16. 圈子 chyuan-tz, n., an inner circle: e.g., 難以打進這個圈子 difficult to be admitted into the clique.

園 Num. Index: 41.41-1 yuarn . [Var. in callig. □]

N. (1) A garden: 花園 ditto;
悞園 orchard;
菜園 vegetable patch.
(2) A park, place of public amusement: 公園 ditto;
動物園 zoological garden;
植物園 botanical garden;
戲園 theater;
茶園 tea garden;
梨園 theatrical school or troupe.

Words 1. 園地 yuarn-dih, n., park area, garden area.
2. 園丁 yuarn-ding, n., gardener.
3. 園林 yuarn-lirng¹, n., tree garden.
4. 園陵 yuarn-lirng², n., mausoleum.
5. 園廬 yuarn-lur, n., garden home.
6. 園圃 yuarn-puu, n., garden.
7. 園子 yuarn-tz, n., (1) garden;
8. 園子 yuarn-tz, n., (2) theater.
9. 園藝 yuarn-yih, n., horticulture, art of gardening.
10. 園囿 yuarn-yuh, n., (LL) garden.

團 Num. Index: 41.41-1 tuarn .

N. (1) A roundish mass, a circle, a lump of indefinite shape: 一團麵 a lump of noodles;
一團和氣 a prevailing mood of harmony;
一團糟 a complete mess;
圍成一團 form a circle;
一團線，亂髮 a mass of thread, loose hair;
粉團 dumpling.
(2) A body, group of people: 團體 tuarn-tii↓: 集團 group (of delegates, visitors, etc.);
社團 a group, a society;
訪問團 group of visitors;
使節團 diplomatic corps;
義和團 Boxers (band) of 1900;
財團 body of financiers, investors;
主席團 presidium.
(3) (Mil.) regiment: see 團長，團副 tuarn-jaang, tuarn-fuh↓.

V.i. To unite: 團結，團聚 tuarn-jier, tuarn-jyuh↓.

Adj. & adv. (1) Round: 團形 round-shaped;
團臉 round face;
面團團 a roundish, fleshy face.
(2) As a body, collective: 團拜 pay respects as a group, mutual congratulations at a group meeting on New Year’s Day.

Words 1. 團契 tuarn-chih, v.i., unite in friendly spirit.
2. 團臍 tuarn-chir, n., roundish shell of female crab.
3. 團丁 tuarn-ding, n., member of volunteer group.
4. 團粉 tuarn-feen, n., noodles made of bean flour.
5. 團匪 tuarn-feei, n., name for the Boxers of 1900 (義和團).
6. 團副 tuarn-fuh, n., second in command of regiment.
7. 團長 tuarn-jaang, n., regiment commander.
8. 團結 tuarn-jier, v.i., to unite, esp. in spirit.
9. 團聚 tuarn-jyuh, v.i. & n., have a reunion (of friends, relatives).
10. 團練 tuarn-liahn, v.t. & n., training of militiamen.
11. 團欒 tuarn-luarn, (1) n., have reunion;
12. 團欒 tuarn-luarn, (2) adj., round, also wr. 團□.
13. 團龍 tuarn-lurng, n., circle of embroidered dragon on ceremonial robes.
14. 團牌 tuarn-pair, n., round rattan shield used by soldiers.
15. 團扇 tuarn-shahn, n., silk round fan.
16. 團體 tuarn-tii, n., body, group (of students, strikers, etc.).
17. 團團 tuarn-tuarn, adj. & adv., round and round: 團團轉 turn round and round;
18. 團團 tuarn-tuarn, adj. & adv., 團團圍住 completely surround(-ed).
19. 團圓 tuarn-yuarn, v.i. & n., esp. family reunited: 大團圓 grand union;
20. 團圓 tuarn-yuarn, v.i. & n., (fig.) happy ending;
21. 團圓 tuarn-yuarn, v.i. & n., 一家團圓，團圓節 Mid-Autumn Festival (of family reunion);
22. 團圓 tuarn-yuarn, v.i. & n., 團圓媳婦 formerly, used of daughter-in-law raised from childhood in the family.
23. 團魚 tuarn-yur, n., var. name for turtle (鱉).

圍 Num. Index: 41.41-2 weir .

N. (1) (AC) distance between two stretched arms, esp. in measuring circumference of trees.
(2) Circumference, enclosure, limits: 周圍 circumference;
範圍 the limits of action or movement, orig., corral, stockade;
圍子 weir-tz↓.
(3) Cover: 轎圍 cover for sedan chair;
車圍 cover for wagons;
宝圍 cover or skirt for area below mattress;
圍巾 weir-jin↓.

V.t. (1) To surround, corral: 圍繞 surround;
圍住，圍上 have s.t. surrounded;
包圍 to encircle, surround.
(2) To corral, round up: 圍攻 attack from all sides;
打圍 to round up game in hunting.

Words 1. 圍標 weir-biau, v.i., to agree among bidders by collusion.
2. 圍脖兒 weir-bor-’l, n., muffler.
3. 圍㪫 weir-chaang, n., hunting grounds.
4. 圍牆 weir-chiarng, n., surrounding walls;
5. 圍牆 weir-chiarng, n., 柏林圍牆 Berlin Wall.
6. 圍棋 weir-chir, v.i., to play chess;
7. 圍棋 weir-chir, v.i., a Chin. chess game using black and white chips, go in Japanese.
8. 圍裙 weir-chyurn (weir-’chyun), n., apron.
9. 圍尺 weir-chyy, n., bamboo strip for measuring curving distance.
10. 圍堵 weir-duu, v.t., to contain;
11. 圍堵 weir-duu, v.t., 圍堵政策 containment policy.
12. 圍攻 weir-gung, v.t., attack from all sides.
13. 圍巾 weir-jin, n., muffler.
14. 圍桌 weir-juo, n., dinner table with cover which hangs over the sides.
15. 圍困 weir-kuhn, v.t., to besiege (city);
16. 圍困 weir-kuhn, v.t., p.p., besieged.
17. 圍獵 weir-lieh, v.i., to round up game from different directions.
18. 圍爐 weir-lur, n., New Year’s Eve dinner.
19. 圍屏 weir-pirng (weir-’ping), n., a portable screen.
20. 圍繞 weir-rauh, v.t., to surround, encircle.
21. 圍隨 weir-sueir (weir-’suei), v.t., to hang around (important official).
22. 圍子 weir-tz, n., an earthen stockade.
23. 圍腰兒 weir-yau’l, n., formerly, lady’s girdle.

囝 Num. Index: 41.41-3 nan (also *tzaai ).

N. (Soochow dial.) a baby, infant, pr. *tzaai. in Cantonese.

圄 Num. Index: 41.41-3 yuu .

N. See 囹 ^ 圄 prison, 41.41.

圂 Num. Index: 41.41-3 huhn .

N. (LL) lavatory.

回 Num. Index: 41.41-4 hueir . [Anc. var. □; pop. □]

N. (1) A chapter in story, an incident: 甚麼一回事，怎麼回事 what has happened?
(2) Number of times: 上回對他說 the last time I spoke to him;
好幾回 a good many times.
(3) 等一回兒 (＝會兒) in a short while.
(4) Moslem: 回族，回人，回民 Moslem people, short for 回回, see 回回，回教 hueir-hueir, hueir-jiauh↓.
(5) A surname.

V.i. (1) To return, turn round or back: 回來，回復，回頭，回顧，回去, hueir-’lai, hueir-fuh, hueir-tour, hueir-guh, hueir-’chyuh, ↓;
回暖 (the weather) has turned warm;
回黃轉綠 from autumn yellow to the green of spring.
(2) To reply: 回覆 or 回復 to reply by letter;
回稟 to report back;
回電 reply telegram;
回示 hueir-shyh↓;
已經回了 have already reported (to superior);
請你替我回一下 please send message in for me;
回嘴，回罵 hueir-tzueei, hueir-mah↓;
回命 return with message.

Adj. & adv. (1) Going round, curving: 回廊 (＝𣊊廊) curving corridor;
回翔 (＝𣊊轉) (of birds) circling in the air.
(2) Reflected: 回光返照 the sun’s reflected light at evening, also return ro consciousness before death;
回味，回響 hueir-weih, hueir-shiaang²↓.

Adv. (After vb.) back: 收回，取回 take back;
送回 send back;
贖回 claim pawned article;
折回 turn back on the road;
回敬 hueir-jihng↓.

Words 1. 回報 hueir-bauh, (1) n., revenge, retribution;
2. 回報 hueir-bauh, (2) v.i., to report back.
3. 回避 hueir-bih, v.t., see 𣊊 ^ 避 41.83.
4. 回程 hueir-cherng, n., return journey.
5. 回青 hueir-ching, n., a mineral green for painting.
6. 回春 hueir-chun, v.i., return to spring;
7. 回春 hueir-chun, v.i., (of doctors) bring back life to patient.
8. 回去 hueir-’chyuh, v.i., to go home.
9. 回答 hueir-dar, v.i., & n., answer by word or letter.
10. 回復 hueir-fuh, v.i., (1) to recover (health) or (health) recovers;
11. 回復 hueir-fuh, v.i., (2) to reply by word of mouth or letter.
12. 回歸熱 hueir-guei-reh, n., recurrent or relapsing fever.
13. 回歸線 hueir-guei-shiahn, n., (astron.) the tropics: 北回歸線 Tropic of Cancer;
14. 回歸線 hueir-guei-shiahn, n., 南回歸線 Tropic of Capricorn.
15. 回顧 hueir-guh, v.t., to look back (on road, past).
16. 回鍋肉 hueir-guo-rouh, n., a Szechuan dish of pork (first boiled, next cut into slices, and finally fried with rich seasoning).
17. 回話 hueir-huah, n., message of reply usu. carried by servant.
18. 回惶 hueir-huarng, adj., afraid.
19. 回回 Hueir-hueir, adj. & n., Moslem, the Moslems.
20. 回護 hueir-huh, v.t., to take s.o.’s side, to side with (person).
21. 回見 hueir-’jiahn, phr., see you again (abbr. from 回頭見).
22. 回教 Hueir-jiauh, n., the Moslem religion, see hueir-hueir↑.
23. 回敬 hueir-jihng, v.t. & n., to send present in return or propose toast in return: 回敬一杯.
24. 回轉 hueir-juaan, v.i., to turn round, see hueir-shin↓.
25. 回扣 hueir-kouh, n., discount;
26. 回扣 hueir-kouh, n., commission for agent.
27. 回來 hueir-’lai, (1) v.i., to come back;
28. 回來 hueir-’lai, (2) adv., afterwards: 回來他不答應 he might disapprove afterwards.
29. 回力球 hueir-lih-chiour, n., haialai, a game of Spanish origin.
30. 回禮 hueir-lii, v.i. & n., (to, a) reply in salute, toast, see hueir-jihng↑.
31. 回鑾 hueir-luarn, phr., emperor’s return to capital.
32. 回祿 hueir-luh, n., god of fire: 回祿之災 a fire disaster.
33. 回籠 hueir-lurng, v.i., (econ.) cause bank notes to return to the bank of issue.
34. 回罵 hueir-mah, v.i. & t., to answer back and scold in return.
35. 回門 hueir-mern, v.i. & n., the return of bride to her mother’s home on third day of wedding.
36. 回眸 hueir-mour, v.i., (of woman) glance back.
37. 回片兒 hueir-piah-’l, n., a receiver’s name card as sign of receipt.
38. 回煞 hueir-shah, n., (Taoist) return of soul of deceased to visit own home a few days after death.
39. 回生 hueir-sheng¹, v.i., usu. in 起死回生 (praise of doctors) make the dead come back to life.
40. 回聲 hueir-sheng², n., echo.
41. 回想 hueir-shiaang¹, v.i., to think back, recollect.
42. 回響 hueir-shiaang², n., (1) an echo;
43. 回響 hueir-shiaang², n., (2) a response (to appeal).
44. 回信 hueir-shihn, n., letter of reply.
45. 回心 hueir-shin, v.i., to soften determination: 回心轉意 to change one’s mind and come back (to former relation).
46. 回手（兒） hueir-shoou¹(’l), v.i., to return (blow);
47. 回手（兒） hueir-shoou¹(’l), v.i., to do s.t. with a turn of the hand.
48. 回首 hueir-shoou², v.i., (LL) to look back or think back: 不堪回首 cannot bear to think of the past.
49. 回示 hueir-shyh, n., (court.) your reply, instruction.
50. 回旋 hueir-shyuarn, v.i. & adv., (to go) round and round.
51. 回條（兒） hueir-tiaur(’l), n., a note of reply.
52. 回頭 hueir-tour, (1) adv., by and by: 我回頭就來 I will come in a moment;
53. 回頭 hueir-tour, (2) v.i., turn back: 回頭一看 turn back to look;
54. 回頭 hueir-tour, v.i., 回頭是岸 (Budd.) just repent and salvation is at hand.
55. 回嘴 hueir-tzueei, v.i., to answer back;
56. 回嘴 hueir-tzueei, v.i., also 應嘴 to retort.
57. 回味 hueir-weih, n., aftertaste (of good tea, olives, etc.).
58. 回文 hueir-wern, n., (1) Moslem language;
59. 回文 hueir-wern, n., (2) official reply;
60. 回文 hueir-wern, n., see 𣊊 ^ 文詩 41.83.
61. 回憶 hueir-yih, v.i., to think back, recall: 回憶錄 book of reminiscences, memoirs.
62. 回音 hueir-yin, n., a letter of reply;
63. 回音 hueir-yin, n., echo.
64. 回郵 hueir-your, n., & v.t., return mail.
65. 回佣 hueir-yuhng, n., commission (discount) for servant.

圓 Num. Index: 41.41-4 yuarn .

N. (1) A circle: 圓圈 yuarn-chyuan↓.
(2) A dollar: 三圓 three dollars (usu. wr. 元);
美圓 American dollar;
銀圓 money, dollars.

V.t. (1) To complete (a circle), round out (a lie): 自圓其說 to fill up gaps in person’s theory;
圓謊 yuarn-huaang;
圓成 yuarn-cherng↓.
(2) To interpret (dream): 圓夢 yuarn-mehng↓.

Adj. (1) Round: 圓球 round ball;
圓桌 yuarn-juo↓;
圓况嚕嘟 very round;
圓顱方趾 “round skull and square toes”－all human beings are alike;
圓徑 yuarn-jihng↓, etc.;
橢圓 oval-shaped;
扁圓形 discshaped.
(2) Satisfactory, complete: 圓滿，圓全 yuarn-maan, yuarn-chyuarn↓.
(3) Smooth, not rough: 圓活，圓通 yuarn-huor, yuarn-tung↓.

Words 1. 圓成 yuarn-cherng, v.t., to complete (undertaking), also wr. 完成.
2. 圓蟲類 yuarn-churng-leih, n., (zoo.) Nemathelminthes.
3. 圓圈（兒）（子） yuarn-chyuan (yuarn-’chyua-’l) (tz), n., a circle.
4. 圓全 yuarn-’chyuarn, (1) adj., complete, satisfactory;
5. 圓全 yuarn-’chyuarn, (2) v.t., to help bring off successfully.
6. 圓飯 yuarn-fahn, n., formal dinner on second day of wedding when bride and groom eat together.
7. 圓房（兒） yuarn-farng(’l), v.i., to consummate marriage.
8. 圓墳（兒） yuarn-fern (yuarn-fer-’l), v.i., visit the grave on third day of burial.
9. 圓光 yuarn-guang, n., (1) halo of idol;
10. 圓光 yuarn-guang, n., (2) a form of gazing at mirror or blank white paper to perceive image, similar to crystal gazing: 圓光兒 a circular shape;
11. 圓光 yuarn-guang, n., 剪個圓光頭 cut a round piece of paper.
12. 圓規 yuarn-guei, n., compasses.
13. 圓函數 yuarn-harn-shuh, n., (math.) circular function.
14. 圓謊 yuarn-huaang, v.i., to straighten out contradictions in a lie and make it plausible.
15. 圓滑 yuarn-huar, adj., tactful, smooth (person, methods).
16. 圓活 yuarn-huor, adj., (1) flexible;
17. 圓活 yuarn-huor, adj., (2) (yuarn-’huo) rich, round (voice).
18. 圓弧 yuarn-hur, n., (math.) an arc.
19. 圓渾 yuarn-hurn, adj., round and smooth.
20. 圓徑 yuarn-jihng, n., (math.) diameter;
21. 圓徑 yuarn-jihng, n., 半圓徑 radius.
22. 圓寂 yuarn-jir, v.i., (of Budd. priests) pass away.
23. 圓周 yuarn-jou, n., circumference;
24. 圓周 yuarn-jou, n., 圓周率 yuarn-jou-lyuh, the ratio of circumference to diameter－3.1416.
25. 圓錐 yuarn-juei, n., (math.) cone;
26. 圓錐 yuarn-juei, n., 圓錐根 (bot.) conical root;
27. 圓錐 yuarn-juei, n., 圓錐面 conic surface.
28. 圓柱 yuarn-juh, n., cyclinder;
29. 圓柱 yuarn-juh, n., 圓柱根 (bot.) cylindrical root.
30. 圓桌 yuarn-juo, n., round table: 圓桌會議 round-table conference.
31. 圓臉 yuarn-liaan, (1) v.i., to save face;
32. 圓臉 yuarn-liaan, (2) n., a round face.
33. 圓滿 yuarn-maan, adj., satisfactory (results, etc.).
34. 圓夢 yuarn-mehng, v.i., to interpret dreams.
35. 圓面積 yuarn-miahn-ji, n., spherical surface.
36. 圓心 yuarn-shin, n., (math.) center of a circle.
37. 圓形 yuarn-shirng, adj. & n., circular (shape).
38. 圓通 yuarn-tung, adj., flexible (temperament, method).
39. 圓子 yuarn-tz, n., dumpling.
40. 圓圓 yuarn-yuarn, n., pop. term for 龍 ^ 眼 fruit, 60S.70.
41. 圓月 yuarn-yueh, phr., to have dinner in moonlight on 中秋 Mid-Autumn Festival.

圖 Num. Index: 41.41-4 tur . [Var. of □]

N. (1) A picture, map, illustration, any kind of drawing: 地圖 map;
插圖 illustrations for book, article;
畫圖 drawing;
統計圖（圖表） statistical chart;
藍圖 blueprint;
剖面圖 a cross section, sectional plan;
圖窮而匕首見 (allu.) the dagger is out after pretended friendship.
(2) Script of prophecy: see 河 ^ 圖 63A.00;
圖讖，圖籙 tur-chehn, tur-luh↓.
(3) Plan: 圖謀 tur-mour↓;
企圖 plan for some enterprise;
遠圖 long plans, ambitions.

V.i. & t. To plan, to try to;
to hope for: 希圖 hope to (of ambitious plans);
希圖倖免 hope for lucky escape from s.t. undesirable;
strive for: 圖名，圖利 strive for fame, wealth;
有利可圖 there’s profit to be made, worth striving for;
圖財害命 phr., murder for money;
別有所圖 have other aims, plans;
貪圖 crave for s.t. beyond one’s deserves;
圖飽私囊 try to enrich oneself (from public services);
圖吞公款 try to embezzle;
發奮圖強 determine to make country strong;
圖報 hope to repay kindnesses.

Words 1. 圖案 tur-ahn, n., a sketch, design, plan (of construction, etc.);
2. 圖案 tur-ahn, n., blueprint.
3. 圖板 tur-baan, n., printing plates, also wr. 圖版.
4. 圖表 tur-biaau, n., illustrations and charts.
5. 圖讖 tur-chehn, n., book of prophecy, esp. regarding dynastic fortunes.
6. 圖釘 tur-ding, n., thumbtacks.
7. 圖畫 tur-huah, n. & v.t., painting, drawing;
8. 圖畫 tur-huah, n. & v.t., to draw, to paint (picture).
9. 圖章 tur-jang(tur-’jang), n., stamp, personal seal.
10. 圖解 tur-jiee, n., illustrated manual, analytical table or chart.
11. 圖記 tur-jih, n., seal, stamp, an official chop.
12. 圖籍 tur-jir, n., maps of territory and population, land charts and census registers.
13. 圖賴 tur-laih, v.i. & t., try to dishonor obligations, disown responsibility or to cheat or libel.
14. 圖利 tur-lih, v.i., try to make profits, gains.
15. 圖籙 tur-luh, n., see tur-chehn↑.
16. 圖謀 tur-mour, v.i. & t., to plan (usu. s.t. sinister), to conspire: 圖謀不軌 plan rebellion or lawless acts.
17. 圖形 tur-shirng, n., portrait work;
18. 圖形 tur-shirng, n., geometric contour.
19. 圖書 tur-shu, n., books in gen.;
20. 圖書 tur-shu, n., 圖書館 library;
21. 圖書 tur-shu, n., (tur-’shu) personal seal.
22. 圖說 tur-shuo, n., illustrated manual or primer, charts with explanatory notes.
23. 圖騰 tur-terng, n., (translit.) totem.
24. 圖樣 tur-yahng, n., a sketch, design of construction;
25. 圖樣 tur-yahng, n., drawings in gen.

圜 Num. Index: 41.41-4 huarn (*yuarn ).

N. & adj. (*yuarn) (AC) circular body, heaven: 圜丘 the altar to heaven;
var. of 圓.

V.i. & t. (huarn) To surround.

國 Num. Index: 41.41-7 guor .

N. & adj. (1) A country, nation, -nal: 國內 inside the country;
國內航線 domestic lines;
國外 abroad;
各國，列國 the nations of the world;
國難，國恥，國力，國富 national crisis, humiliation, strength, wealth;
國光，國運，國華，國威 national glory, fortune, prosperity, prestige;
國讎，國賊 national enmity, traitor;
國立 (of educational or other institutions) national, supported by the central government;
國產 national product;
國有 government-owned;
國定 (of textbooks, rituals, etc.) approved by the government;
國營 (of business enterprises) government-operated.
(2) A surname.

Words 1. 國寶 guor-baau, n., (1) national treasures such as anc. objects of art, imperial seals, etc.;
2. 國寶 guor-baau, n., (2) a nation’s best talents;
3. 國寶 guor-baau, n., (3) the national coin.
4. 國本 guor-been, n., (1) the foundation of a nation;
5. 國本 guor-been, n., (2) (LL) the crown prince.
6. 國幣 guor-bih, n., the national currency.
7. 國柄 guor-bihng, n., the political power of a nation.
8. 國步 guor-buh, n., the national fortune: 國步方艱 the nation is being faced with a difficult crisis or crises.
9. 國朝 guor-chaur, n., the reigning dynasty.
10. 國慶 guor-chihng, n., the National Day.
11. 國旗 guor-chir, n., the national emblem, flag.
12. 國情 guor-chirng, n., the current condition or situation of a country and its people.
13. 國初 guor-chu, n., the first years of a new dynasty.
14. 國都 guor-du, n., the national capital.
15. 國度 guor-duh, n., (1) a country, nation;
16. 國度 guor-duh, n., (2) national expenditures.
17. 國法 guor-faa, n., (1) national laws;
18. 國法 guor-faa, n., (2) the constitution and administrative laws of a country.
19. 國防 guor-farng, n., national defense;
20. 國防 guor-farng, n., 國防部 Ministry of National Defence.
21. 國父 guor-fuh, n., the Father of a Nation (Dr. Sun Yat-sen).
22. 國府 guor-fuu, n., the National Government of the Republic of China (short for 國民政府).
23. 國歌 guor-ge, n., the national anthem.
24. 國故 guor-guh, n., (1) the national cultural, esp. literary, heritage;
25. 國故 guor-guh, n., (2) (AC) a national mourning.
26. 國號 guor-hauh, n., the title of a reigning dynasty.
27. 國花 guor-hua, n., the national flower.
28. 國畫 guor-huah, n., Chin. painting (opp. 西畫 Western painting).
29. 國徽 guor-huei, n., the national insignia.
30. 國會 guor-hueih, n., the national legislature or assembly.
31. 國貨 guor-huoh, n., native products.
32. 國魂 guor-hurn, n., the soul of a nation, the national genius.
33. 國丈 guor-jahng, n., the prince’s father-in-law.
34. 國債 guor-jaih, n., national debts.
35. 國家 guor-jia, n., the state or nation: 國家主義 nationalism;
36. 國家 guor-jia, n., 先進國家 advanced countries;
37. 國家 guor-jia, n., 未發展國家 underdeveloped countries;
38. 國家 guor-jia, n., 落後國家 backward countries.
39. 國交 guor-jiau, n., diplomatic relations between countries.
40. 國界 guor-jieh, n., the national boundary.
41. 國計 guor-jih¹, n., (1) the national economy;
42. 國計 guor-jih¹, n., (2) national policies.
43. 國際 guor-jih², (1) n., the International: 第一，第二，第三國際 First, Second, Third International;
44. 國際 guor-jih², (2) adj., international: 國際公法 international law;
45. 國際 guor-jih², adj., 國際私法 international private law, conflict of laws;
46. 國際 guor-jih², adj., 國際組織，關係 international organization, relations;
47. 國際 guor-jih², adj., 國際音標 the International Phonetic Alphabet;
48. 國際 guor-jih², adj., 國際法 law of nations, international law;
49. 國際 guor-jih², adj., 國際聯盟 the League of Nations;
50. 國際 guor-jih², adj., 國際法院 International Court of Justice (ICJ) (UN);
51. 國際 guor-jih², adj., 國際軍事法庭 International Military Tribunal;
52. 國際 guor-jih², adj., 國際勞工局 International Labor Office;
53. 國際 guor-jih², adj., 國際勞工組織 International Labor Organization (ILO);
54. 國際 guor-jih², adj., 國際貨幣基金 International Monetary Fund (IMF);
55. 國際 guor-jih², adj., 國際扶輪社 Rotary Club International;
56. 國際 guor-jih², adj., 國際獅子會 International Association of Lions’ Club;
57. 國際 guor-jih², adj., also see guor-liarn↓.
58. 國境 guor-jihng, n., national territorial limits.
59. 國紀 guor-jii, n., laws and social conventions of a country.
60. 國舅 guor-jiouh, n., the prince’s maternal uncle.
61. 國籍 guor-jir, n., the nationality of an individual: 入某國籍 become citizen of a cetrain country, see 籍 92A.41;
62. 國籍 guor-jir, n., 國籍之衝突 conflict of nationality;
63. 國籍 guor-jir, n., 國籍法 law of nationality.
64. 國軍 guor-jyun, n., the national armed forces.
65. 國庫 guor-kuh, n., the national treasury.
66. 國聯 guor-liarn, n., the defunct League of Nations (short for 國際聯盟 dist. 聯合國 the United Nations);
67. 國聯 guor-liarn, n., 國聯理事會 Council of the League;
68. 國聯 guor-liarn, n., 國聯大會 Assembly of the League;
69. 國聯 guor-liarn, n., 國聯盟約 Covenant of the League of Nations.
70. 國命 guor-mihng, n., (1) (AC) governmental authority;
71. 國命 guor-mihng, n., (2) a nation’s life line or fortunes.
72. 國民 guor-mirn, n., (1) (collectively) all the people of a nation;
73. 國民 guor-mirn, n., (2) an individual citizen: 國民學校 national schools (primary, secondary);
74. 國民 guor-mirn, n., 國民大會 the national assembly.
75. 國母 guor-muu, n., (AC) the queen mother.
76. 國人 guor-rern, n., the general mass of people: 中國人 Chinese;
77. 國人 guor-rern, n., 外國人 foreigners;
78. 國人 guor-rern, n., 美國人 Americans.
79. 國喪 guor-sang, n., a state funeral.
80. 國色 guor-seh, n., a national beauty: 國色天香 celestial beauty, also the peony.
81. 國殤 guor-shang, n., a national martyr.
82. 國憲 guor-shiahn, n., (1) the national constituation, the fundamental law of the land;
83. 國憲 guor-shiahn, n., (2) (AC) a gen. term for all the laws of a country.
84. 國璽 guor-shii, n., the national seal.
85. 國手 guor-shoou, n., the national champion in any line of activity, esp. sports and games.
86. 國書 guor-shu, n., (1) (diplomacy) a letter of credence: 呈遞國書 to present credentials;
87. 國書 guor-shu, n., (2) (diplomacy) notes exchanged between governments;
88. 國書 guor-shu, n., (3) formerly, the national characters used by the Tartars, Mongols, and Manchus.
89. 國術 guor-shuh, n., Chinese boxing.
90. 國是 guor-shyh¹, n., important affairs of state.
91. 國事 guor-shyh², n., national affairs.
92. 國勢 guor-shyh³, n., (1) national power;
93. 國勢 guor-shyh³, n., (2) the national situation at a given moment.
94. 國學 guor-shyuer, n., the Chinese national literature, Chinese studies.
95. 國史 guor-shyy, n., the history of a nation: 國史館 the Academia Historica, the Bureau of National History.
96. 國帑 guor-taang (nur), n., public funds.
97. 國太 guor-taih, n., (MC) the queen mother.
98. 國體 guor-tii, n., (1) the form of state such as monarchy or republic;
99. 國體 guor-tii, n., (2) a country’s governmental structure or prestige.
100. 國策 guor-tseh, n., national policies.
101. 國粹 guor-tsueih, n., a nation’s cultural heritage, national legacy.
102. 國土 guor-tuu, n., national territory.
103. 國葬 guor-tzahng, n., a state burial.
104. 國祚 guor-tzuoh, n., the duration of a reigning dynasty.
105. 國王 guor-warng, n., (1) the king;
106. 國王 guor-warng, n., (2) the prince of a country;
107. 國王 guor-warng, n., (3) title conferred on the chiefs of state of countries paying tribute to China.
108. 國文 guor-wern, n., Chinese as the national language.
109. 國務 guor-wuh, n., national affairs, affairs of state;
110. 國務 guor-wuh, n., 國務卿 (U.S.) the Secretary of State;
111. 國務 guor-wuh, n., 國務院 (U.S.) the Department of State.
112. 國音 guor-yin, n., the gen. received pronunciation as adopted by the government and used by the people at large: 國音字母 the Chin. national phonetic alphabet better known as 注音字母.
113. 國樂 guor-yueh, n., (1) music officially approved by the government to be played on great ceremonial occasions;
114. 國樂 guor-yueh, n., (2) the traditional Chin. music (opp. 西樂 Western music).
115. 國用 guor-yuhng, n., national expenditures.
116. 國語 guor-yuu, n., (1) the national language, written or spoken (opp. 方言 local dialects);
117. 國語 guor-yuu, n., 國語文學 literature written in the vernacular;
118. 國語 guor-yuu, n., (2) the language used by the reigning dynasty.

囚 Num. Index: 41.41-8 chiour .

N. Prisoner, criminal, convict: 囚犯，囚徒 chiour-fahn, chiour-tur↓;
要囚 important prisoner;
階下囚 prisoner of war (“lined up below the steps”);
死囚 criminal sentenced to death;
囚衣，囚服 prisoner’s garb;
囚髻 a woman’s hairdo fashion in Tarng Dyn. (in imitation of convict’s coil on head);
囚糧 prisoner’s fare;
囚首垢（喪）面 untidy appearance with prisoner’s unkempt hair and unwashed face (or mourner’s face).

Words 1. 囚犯 chiour-fahn, n., a prisoner.
2. 囚禁 chiour-jihn, v.t., to imprison.
3. 囚牢 chiour-laur, n., prison.
4. 囚籠 chiour-lurng, n., convict’s cage, on cart or ground.
5. 囚牛 chiour-niour, n., (myth.) the convict cow, son of the Dragon King, fond of music.
6. 囚徒 chiour-tur, n., prisoners, convicts in gen.

囹 Num. Index: 41.41-8 lirng .

Words 1. 囹圄 lirng-yuu, n., prison: 身陷囹圄 (LL) be thrown into prison (also 囹圉).

圇 Num. Index: 41.41-8 lurn .

Adj. See 囫^圇 41.41.

四 Num. Index: 41.41-8 syh .

Adj. Four: 第四 number four;
4 and 5, oft. connote the sense of dispersal: 四分五裂 all split up;
四分五裂 from all sides (things appear);
四捨五入 (in accounting) omitting decimal fractions smaller than 0.5 and counting all others, including 0.5, as 1;
4 and 8, usu. indicating foursquare, well balanced: 四停八當，四平八穩 (affair) very well disposed indeed;
4 and 6: 四六夾開 clearly presented;
四六（句子） syh-liouh↓;
four sides, all around: 四面，四方，四邊，四圍 syh-miahn, syh-fang, syh-bian, syh-weir¹↓, 四下，四起 syh-shiah, syh-chii↓;
四處 syh-chuh↓;
四脖子流汗 sweating all the neck round;
四面落地 all four walls covered with paper;
四海 syh-haai↓;
四至 syh-jyh↓;
四腳兒朝天 falling backwards with hands and legs in the air.

Words 1. 四拜 syh-baih, phr., (AC) deep bow four times.
2. 四表 syh-biaau, phr., in all directions, beyond confines of visible world.
3. 四邊（兒） syh-bian (syh-bia-’l), phr., in all four directions: east, west, north, south;
4. 四邊（兒） syh-bian (syh-bia-’l), phr., all around;
5. 四邊（兒） syh-bian (syh-bia-’l), phr., 四邊形 syh-bian-shirng, a square.
6. 四壁 syh-bih, phr., on all the walls of a room: 家徒四壁 a house empty of all furniture;
7. 四壁 syh-bih, phr., also all around, on all sides.
8. 四部 syh-buh, phr., standard library classification into four categories: (a) 經 classics, (b) 史 history, including geography, (c) 子 philosophy and the arts and sciences, and (d) 集 collected works (subject or author);
9. 四部 syh-buh, phr., see 四庫 syh-kuh↓.
10. 四不像 syh-buh-shiahng, (1) adj., nondescript;
11. 四不像 syh-buh-shiahng, (2) n., a fly swatter.
12. 四稱 syh-chehn, adj., (face) well-balanced, well-proportioned.
13. 四起 syh-chii, adv., all around (uprising).
14. 四垂 syh-chueir, adv., (AC) on all frontiers (垂 u.f. 陲).
15. 四處（兒） syh-chuh(’l), adv., (look for s.t.) everywhere.
16. 四大 syh-dah, phr., (1) (Budd.) the four elements of earth, water, fire, air;
17. 四大 syh-dah, phr., (2) 四大金剛 the statues of four guardian spirits at entrance to temple;
18. 四大 syh-dah, phr., (3) 四大門兒 the fox, the skunk, the porcupine and the snake, superstitiously considered as spirits to influence human life.
19. 四德 syh-der, n., the traditional four fundamentals in girl’s education: 婦德 behavior, 婦言 speech, 婦容 appearance, and 婦功 needlework and cookery.
20. 四地 syh-dih¹, (1) adv., see syh-chuh↑;
21. 四地 syh-dih¹, (2) adj., neat: 這個人好四地 (coll.) this person is very neat and tidy.
22. 四諦 syh-dih², n., (Budd.) the four “truths” of life: 苦 misery and pain, 集 acquisition, 滅 extinction, and 道 salvation by the right path.
23. 四方 syh-fang, adj. & adv., (1) everywhere, in (from) all directions;
24. 四方 syh-fang, adj. & adv., (2) foursquare, square;
25. 四方 syh-fang, adj. & adv., 四方步兒 solemn measured steps;
26. 四方 syh-fang, adj. & adv., 四方塊兒 a square piece, also (facet.) a short, stumpy person;
27. 四方 syh-fang, adj. & adv., 四方臉兒 a square face, square-jawed.
28. 四海 syh-haai, (1) adv., “the four seas”－the whole world: 四海一家 the whole world is one family;
29. 四海 syh-haai, adv., 四海之內，皆兄弟也（子夏） all the people of the world are brothers;
30. 四海 syh-haai, (2) (syh-’hai) adj., (coll.) generous: 為人很四海 is very generous to people.
31. 四合 syh-her, (1) adv., (dust) closing all around;
32. 四合 syh-her, (2) 四合房（兒） or 四合兒 Chin. house with courtyard in center and rooms on four sides (三合兒 rooms on three sides).
33. 四呼 syh-hu, n., (MC Chin. phonetics) the four classes of syllabic forms: 開口 regular or open; 齊齒 beginning with “i” (yi) sound; 合口 beginning with “u” (wu) sound, 撮口 beginning with * (yu) sound: thus an, ian, wan, yuan.
34. 四胡 syh-hur, n., a junior hu stringed instrument, with four strings.
35. 四郊 syh-jiau, n., the suburbs.
36. 四季（兒） syh-jih (syh-jieh-’l), n., the four seasons;
37. 四季（兒） syh-jih (syh-jieh-’l), n., 四季花兒 the representative flowers of the four seasons: peony (spring), pomegranate (summer), chrysanthemum (autumn), and plum (winter).
38. 四極 shy-jir, n., the ends of the universe.
39. 四周 shy-jou, adj., on all sides: 四周遭兒，四周圍 ditto.
40. 四柱冊 shy-juh-tseh, phr., formerly, (in official accounting) the four “columns” of “carried over,” “income,” “expenses” and “balance.”
41. 四知 syh-jy¹, phr., the “four knows”－ “heaven knows;
42. 四知 syh-jy¹, phr., god knows, I know and you know”－there is no absolutely secret dealing.
43. 四肢 syh-jy², n., the four limbs－arms and legs.
44. 四至 syh-jyh, n., the exact boundaries on four sides of land, specified in deeds;
45. 四至 syh-jyh, n., 四至兒 ditto, also 定四至兒 set limits to undertaking;
46. 四至 syh-jyh, n., 辦事有四至兒 be precise in one’s affairs.
47. 四塊瓦兒 syh-kuaih-waa-’l, n., a hat (in cold countries) with reversible flabs on four sides.
48. 四框闌兒 syh-kuang-lar-’l, n., the radical “□”;
49. 四框闌兒 syh-kuang-lar-’l, n., index No. 41.
50. 四庫 shy-kuh, n., usu. 四庫全書 the imperial library of Chienlung named after the “four vaults” of classics, history, philosophy and collected works of literature, see syh-buh↑.
51. 四稜（兒）（子） syh-lerng(’l)(tz), n., a utensil with four-cornered shape;
52. 四稜（兒）（子） syh-lerng(’l)(tz), n., 四稜子 syh-lerng-tz, (a) n., a vulgar, coarse fellow;
53. 四稜（兒）（子） syh-lerng(’l)(tz), n., (b) adj., rude in speech.
54. 四令 syh-lihng, n., see syh-jih↑.
55. 四六 shy-liouh, n., a euphuistic style of parallel constructions, known esp. for pairs of sentences of four and six characters.
56. 四鄰 syh-lirn, n., next-door neighbors.
57. 四靈 shy-lirng, n., (AC) the four spirits in AC mythology: the unicorn, the phoenix, the turtle and the dragon.
58. 四面（兒） shy-miahn (syh-miah-’l), adv., on all sides: 四面受敵 surrounded by enemy on all sides;
59. 四面（兒） shy-miahn (syh-miah-’l), adv., 四面楚歌 (allu.) ditto－hear the Chuu songs (of enemy) on all sides;
60. 四面（兒） shy-miahn (syh-miah-’l), adv., 四面體 (math.) a tetrahedron.
61. 四民 syh-mirn, n., the four classes of people in order of importance: 士 scholars, 農 farmers, 工 artisans, and 商 merchants.
62. 四明兒 syh-mirng-’l, adv., (coll.) all around: 四明兒都是籬笆 hedges all around.
63. 四旁 syh-parng, adv., all around.
64. 四平調 syh-pirng-diauh, n., (Chin. opera) the songs of 二黃 ehl-huarng (also called 平調).
65. 四散 shy-sahn, adj., dispersed, scattered about.
66. 四聲 shy-sheng, n., the four tones: (1) 陰平 (a), (2) 陽平 (ar), (3) 上 (pr. shaang) (aa), and (4) 去 (ah) in standard national tongue, without 入聲 the “entering tone”;
67. 四聲 shy-sheng, n., in other classifications, (1) and (2) are regarded together as 平, while 入聲 is added.
68. 四下（况） shy-shiah (lii), adv., everywhere.
69. 四向 syh-shiahng, adv., toward all directions.
70. 四鄉 syh-shiang¹, n., suburbs (on all sides).
71. 四廂 syh-shiang², n., the suburbs in four directions, esp. Peking.
72. 四絃琴 syh-shiarn-chirn, n., the violin (usu. called 小提琴).
73. 四星 syh-shing, n., the end part, lower part (orig., end of steelyard, marked by four asterisks).
74. 四書 syh-shu, n., The Four Books: (1) 大學 The Great Learning, (2) 中庸 The Doctrine of the Mean, (3) 論語 Confucian Analects, and (4) 孟子 The Works of Mencius－formerly, required reading in all elementary grades.
75. 四時 syh-shyr, n., see syh-jih↑.
76. 四序 syh-shyuh, n., (LL) the four seasons (序＝時序).
77. 四體 syh-tii, n., see syh-jy²↑.
78. 四則 syh-tzer, n., (arithmetic) addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.
79. 四坐 syh-tzuoh, n., the audience around, the company at a dinner.
80. 四圍 syh-weir¹, adv., all around.
81. 四維 syh-weir², phr., the four basic virtues of 禮，義，廉，恥（管子） manners, justice, integrity and honor, regarded as the “hawsers” (or anchors) of the ship of state.
82. 四五子 syh-wuu-tz, n., wine (a pun, from 4+5=9, “nine” 九 jioou, being homonym for “wine”.
83. 四眼人 syh-yaan-rern, n., (vulgar) a pregnant woman (counting two eyes for the embryo).
84. 四言時 syh-yarn-shy, n., a poem with lines of four characters each esp. in 詩經 Book of Poetry.
85. 四野 syh-yee, n., the open countryside.
86. 四裔 syh-yih, n., (AC) distant regions.
87. 四夷 syh-yir, n., the barbarians on borders of China.
88. 四元 syh-yuarn, n., (anc. Chin. polynomial algebra) 天地人物 standing for A, B, C, D.
89. 四月 syh-yueh, n., (1) the fourth lunar month;
90. 四月 syh-yueh, n., (2) April.
91. 四運 syh-yuhn, n., see syh-shyr, syh-shyuh↑.

囮 Num. Index: 41.41-9 er .

N. (sp. pr. your): 鳥兒囮子 bird decoy.

V.t. U.f. 訛 60A.70, to cheat.

囫 Num. Index: 41.41-9 hur .

Words 1. 囫圇 hur-lurn, adj., entire, whole: 囫圇吞棗 to swallow a date without chewing－to read hastily and without thinking.

囡 Num. Index: 41.41-9 nan .

N. (Soochow dial.) a girl, daughter.

□ Num. Index: 41.41-9 tur . [Abbr. of 圖 41.41]

□ Num. Index: 41.41-9 luarn . [Pop. 圞]

Words 1. N. & adj.1 See 團 ^ □ 41.41.

昺 Num. Index: 41.42 biing . [Anc. var. for 炳]

胃 Num. Index: 41.42 weih .

N. The stomach: 胃病 stomach illness;
胃疼，胃痛 pains in the stomach, stomach-ache;
胃酸 stomach acid;
胃汁 stomach juice, gastric juice;
胃癰，胃潰瘍 stomach ulcer;
胃癌 stomach cancer;
胃炎 stomach inflammation, gastritis;
胃穿孔 stomach perforation;
胃下垂 gastroptosis;
胃擴張 dilated stomach.

Words 1. 胃腸 weih-charng, n., stomach and intestines;
2. 胃腸 weih-charng, n., 胃腸炎 enterogastritis.
3. 胃火 weih-huoo, n., (Chin. med.) overactivity of the stomach.
4. 胃口 weih-koou, n., appetite: 胃口不好 bad appetite.
5. 胃腺 weih-shiahn, n., gastric gland.
6. 胃痛 weih-tuhng, n., stomach-ache.

禺 Num. Index: 41.42 yur .

N. (AC, rare) a district.

毋 Num. Index: 41.50 wur . [Related 無]

N. A surname.

Adv. (1) (LL) do not (imperative): 毋自欺 do not deceive yourself;
毋誇 do not boast;
毋違此示 do not disobey this order;
毋誤前途 do not hurt your career;
毋貽後悔 do not do s.t. that you’ll regret.
(2) (LL) not, no, nothing (Interch. 無 92.63): 毋友不如己 have no friend who is worse than yourself;
毋乃 is it not: 毋乃太□乎 is it not too simple? 毋寧 would it not be better to, would rather: 毋須 wur-shyu¹↓;
毋庸 wur-yurng↓.

Words 1. 毋須 wur-shyu¹, vb. aux., need not (+vb.).
2. 毋需 wur-shyu², v.t., do not need (to) or need+noun.
3. 毋庸 wur-yurng, vb. aux., need not: 應毋庸議 this need not be considered;
4. 毋庸 wur-yurng, vb. aux., 毋庸詳述 need not go into the details.

母 Num. Index: 41.50 muu .

N. (1) Mother, usu. 母親：親生母，親母 real mother;
母道 maternity (dignity of mother), motherhood;
母子之情 mother and child love;
家母 my mother;
繼母 stepmother;
義母，契母 adopted mother;
慈母 (slightly litr.) mother.
(2) Part of term for aunts and elderly female relatives: 伯母，叔母（嬸母） wife of father’s elder, younger brother;
姑母 father’s sister;
姨母 maternal aunt;
舅母，妗母 wife of mother’s brother;
祖母 grandmother.
(3) Part of term for elderly woman: 乳母 wet nurse.
(4) Alphabet, sound element: 字母 letter of alphabet;
聲母 consonant;
韻母 vowel, syllabary.
(5) A surname.

Adj. Female of species: 這是母的 this is a female;
母雞，母鴨，母牛 hen, duck, cow, cf. 牝 10C.70, 牡 10C.11.

Words 1. 母愛 muu-aih, n., maternal love.
2. 母錢 muu-chiarn, n., capital, investment capital, opp. 利錢，子息 interest.
3. 母親 muu-chin, n., gen. term for mother;
4. 母親 muu-chin, n., 母親節 muu-chin-jier, Mother’s Day.
5. 母權 muu-chyuarn, n., maternal authority;
6. 母權 muu-chyuarn, n., matriarchy.
7. 母範 muu-fahn, n., model mother.
8. 母國 muu-guor, n., mother country.
9. 母后 muu-houh, n., queen-mother.
10. 母猴 muu-hour, n., see 獼 ^ 猴 91C.42.
11. 母艦 muu-jiahn, n., aircraft carrier (also) 航空母艦.
12. 母教 muu-jiauh, n., mother’s upbringing of child.
13. 母舅 muu-jiouh, n., mother’s brother.
14. 母校 muu-shiauh, n., mother school, alma mater.
15. 母系（社會） muu-shih (sheh-hueih), n., matriarchal society.
16. 母性 muu-shihng, n., maternal instinct.
17. 母數 muu-shuh, n., (math.) denominator of a fraction.
18. 母胎 muu-tai, n., mother’s womb.
19. 母音 muu-yin, n., vowel (more commonly 元音).
20. 母儀 muu-yir, n., model mother.

男 Num. Index: 41.50 narn .

N. & adj. (1) (Belonging to) the male sex: 男子漢，大丈夫 a he-man or a man of honor;
男兒，男丁 an able-bodied man;
男人 narn-rern↓;
男性 a male, the male sex;
男方 the bridegroom;
男家 the bridegroom’s family;
男系 paternal descent;
男媒 a go-between representing the bridegroom;
男孩（子）（兒） a boy;
男僕 a manservant;
男花兒 (MC) a boy (possibly a contraction of hair’l 孩兒);
男生 a boy student;
男朋友 a boy friend;
男裝 man’s dress;
男耕女織 division of labor between men and women in a family with the former working in the fields and the latter sitting at the loom;
男扮女裝 a man dressed like a woman;
男大當婚 a man should get married on coming of age;
男盜女娼 (a curse phrase) a thief if a man, and a whore if woman (shop announcement against imitator or infringer of trademark).
(2) A baronet, a baron.
(3) A male child: 長男 the eldest son;
生有一男二女 have a son and two daughters.
(4) A surname.

Pron. (Oft. in letters, a son in relation to his parents) I, your son.

Words 1. 男低音 narn-di-yin, n., bass.
2. 男兒 narn-erl, n., (1) a son;
3. 男兒 narn-erl, n., (2) a member of the male sex: 男兒當自強 a man should be self-reliant.
4. 男風 narn-feng, n., homosexual relation between males.
5. 男高音 narn-gau-yin, n., tenor.
6. 男中音 narn-jung-yin, n., baritone.
7. 男女 marn-nyuu, n., (1) son and daughter;
8. 男女 marn-nyuu, n., (2) men and women: 男女平等 equality between men and women, equal rights for both sexes.
9. 男人 narn-rern, n., (1) a member of the male sex;
10. 男人 narn-rern, n., (2) husband (opp. 女人).
11. 男色 narn-seh, n., (＝男風↑).
12. 男性 narn-shihng, n. & adj., male, masculine gender or sex.

勗 Num. Index: 41.50 shyuh . [Err. var. of 勖 41S.50]

易 Num. Index: 41.50 yih .

N. (1) A surname.
(2) 易經 the Book of Changes (“Yi King”).
Ease: 居易 (AC) live in peace and contentment.

V.i. & t. (1) To change (policy, tools, habits, etc.);
also (policy, etc.) changes: 更易，變易 ditto;
數易寒暑 go through many changes of seasons, i.e., years;
易地則皆然 one would do the same thing if put in the other’s place;
易手 change hands;
易俗 change custom.
(2) To exchange: 貿易 trade;
互易 exchange (goods) with each other, esp. in trade;
易貨制度 barter system.
(3) (LL) to regard as easy or unimportant: 易之.
(4) (AC) cultivate: 易其田疇 cultivate one’s fields;
易墓 (AC) to weed grass on grave.

Adj. & adv. Easy, -sily: 容易 ditto;
易知，易學 easy to understand, to learn;
易於 easy to (get mouldy, etc.);
淺易 elementary;
簡易 simple;
平易近人 (person) democratic and easy to approach.

Words 1. 易轍 yih-cheh, phr., to change one’s course or plans (lit., “tracks”).
2. 易名 yih-mirng, phr., (1) to change names;
3. 易名 yih-mirng, phr., (2) (AC) to give posthumous name.
4. 易姓 yih-shihng, phr., to change name of royal house, i.e., change dynasty.
5. 易簀 yih-tzer, ph., (AC) change mat for dying person.
6. 易位 yih-weih, phr., (1) see yih-shihng↑;
7. 易位 yih-weih, phr., (2) change places.
8. 易易 yih-yih, adj., very easy.
9. 易與 yih-yuu, adj., (person) easy to get along with.

曷 Num. Index: 41.50 her .

Adv. (1) (AC & LL) why: 曷故 (＝何故) for what reason;
曷極 (＝何極) to what extremity;
曷若 (＝何若) it would be better to.
(2) 曷勝 (her-shehng) (LL) very, extremely: 曷勝詫異 was extremely surprised.

□ Num. Index: 41.50 mahn . [Pop. of 曼 41.82]

黑 Num. Index: 41.63 hei (re. pr. heh ; *heei ).

N. A surname.

V.t. To hide: 他把錢都黑起來了 he has hidden away all the money;
to blacken: 黑了良心 have blackened conscience.

Adj. (1) Black: 黑白花兒 black-and-white pattern;
黑白 right and wrong: 黑白不分 do not distinguish between right and wrong;
黑况俏 black beauty;
黑不溜偢，黑糝糝 (hei-tsan-tsan), 黑蒼蒼 hei-tsang-tsang) very black in appearance;
黑眉烏嘴 dark in complexion;
黑乾枯瘦 dark and emaciated.
(2) Dark: 天黑了 it is getting dark;
黑夜 dark night;
黑更半夜 midnight;
黑燈下火怎麼走 how can one go in this dark night? 黑家白日 every day, all the days (gambling, drinking, etc.);
黑騰騰 (hei-terng-terng), 黑沉沉 (hei-chern-chern), 黑洞洞 hei-duhng-duhng) 黑漆漆 (hei-chi-chi) 黑碌碌 (hei-luh-luh) descriptive of darkness;
黑咕龍咚 (hei-gu-lung-dung), 黑忽忽 hei-hu-hu), 黑壓壓 (hei-ya-ya) so dark it is difficult to make out anything;
黑股影，黑影兒 a dark shadow;
摸黑兒 grope in the dark;
黑甜鄉 “dark, sweet land” of sleep.
(3) Secret, underground: 黑話，黑店，黑幕，黑市 hei-huah, hei-diahn, hei-muh, hei-shyh↓;
心黑手辣 blackened conscience and unscrupulous methods.

Words 1. 黑暗 hei-ahn, adj. & n., dark (-ness): 黑暗時代 the Dark Ages.
2. 黑板 hei-baan, n., blackboard.
3. 黑白 hei-bair, n., black and white, right and wrong.
4. 黑鉛 hei-chian, n., fibrous lead (in lead pencil).
5. 黑錢 hei-chiarn, n., (sl.) night burglar;
6. 黑錢 hei-chiarn, n., also underhand payment, bribery.
7. 黑道日（子） hei-dauh-ryh(’tz), n., unlucky day.
8. 黑店 hei-diahn, n., an inn which is a trap for unwary travelers.
9. 黑豆 *heei-douh, n., the black bean.
10. 黑稿 hei-gaau, n., a pencil sketch, a sketch for making cuts.
11. 黑鍋 hei-guo, n., (lit.) a blackened pot;
12. 黑鍋 hei-guo, n., 背黑鍋 to take the blame for others.
13. 黑海 Hei-haai, n., the Black Sea.
14. 黑話 hei-huah, n., professional slang;
15. 黑話 hei-huah, n., thieves’ argot.
16. 黑貨 hei-huoh, n., (1) opium;
17. 黑貨 hei-huoh, n., (2) contraband goods.
18. 黑醬 hei-jiahng, n., black soya sauce.
19. 黑籍 hei-jir, n., (1) narcotic addicts;
20. 黑籍 hei-jir, n., (2) a black list.
21. 黑種 hei-juung, n., the black race.
22. 黑龍江 Hei-lurng-jiang, n., Hei-lung-kiang, a province in Manchuria (usu. spelled “Heilung-kiang”);
23. 黑龍江 Hei-lurng-jiang, n., also name of river in that province.
24. 黑麥 hei-maih, n., buckwheat.
25. 黑煤 hei-meir¹, n., soft coal, bituminous coal, opp. 白煤 anthracite.
26. 黑黴 hei-meir², n., lichens.
27. 黑門坎兒 hei-mern-kaa-’l, n., formerly, sheriff’s deputy.
28. 黑名單 hei-mirng-dan, n., a blacklist.
29. 黑眸 hei-mour, n., the eye pupil.
30. 黑幕 hei-muh, n., secret and usu. unprintable goings-on behind the scenes;
31. 黑幕 hei-muh, n., scandalous story.
32. 黑奴 hei-nur, n., the Negro slave.
33. 黑熱病 hei-reh-bihng, n., (med.) kala-azar, dumdum fever.
34. 黑人 hei-rern, n., (1) the Negro;
35. 黑人 hei-rern, n., (2) (coll.) one who lives in hiding: 作了三年黑人 lived in hiding for three years.
36. 黑上 hei-’shang, v.t., (Peking coll.) to love and want: 黑上這所房子 want very much this house.
37. 黑下 hei-shiah, adv., at night.
38. 黑猩猩 hei-shing-’shing, n., (zoo.) the orangutan.
39. 黑市 hei-shyh, n., the black market.
40. 黑松 hei-sung, n., (bot.) the pine, Pinus thunbergii.
41. 黑死病 hei-syy-bihng, n., the Black Death.
42. 黑炭 hei-tahn, n., black coal or soft coal.
43. 黑頭 hei-tour, n., (theater slang), “black head” (＝淨角), the role of a man (from the mask of 大花面).
44. 黑菜 hei-tsaih n., (1) black seaweed;
45. 黑菜 hei-tsaih n., (2) various pickled vegetables.
46. 黑土 hei-tuu, n., opium;
47. 黑土 hei-tuu, n., black soil.
48. 黑早（兒） hei-tzaau(’l), adv., early at dawn, pre-dawn.
49. 黑子 hei-tzyy, n., (1) a birthmark, a mole;
50. 黑子 hei-tzyy, n., (2) a black piece in chess (tzyy or tzee’l).
51. 黑業 hei-yieh, n., (Budd.) black deeds.
52. 黑油 hei-your, n., coal tar.
53. 黑魚 hei-yur, n., (zoo.) Onychodactylus japonicus.

煦 Num. Index: 41.63 shyuu .

V.i. & t. To radiate warmth: 煦沫 (fish, crabs) ooze moisture from mouth;
煦育萬物 make all things grow by action of heat;
cf. 煦伏 shyuu-fur↓.

Adj. Warm, warm and gentle: 煦日 comfortably warm sun.

Words 1. 煦伏 shyuu-fur, v.i., (hens) sit on eggs.
2. 煦仁 shyuu-rern, n., petty kindness: 煦仁孑義.
3. 煦煦 shyur-shyuu, adj., see shyuu-rern↑.
4. 煦嫗 shyuu-yuh, v.t., to comfort (baby) with gentleness and warmth.

照 Num. Index: 41.63 jauh .

N. (1) Photograph (short for 照相 jauh-shiahng): 玉照 your portrait;
拍照 take a photograph;
寫照 a portrait or accurate portrayal in writing.
(2) A certificate, permit: 護照 passport;
執照 license (for driver, trade);
無照行車 drive without license.
(3) Illumination, glow: 夕照 glow of sunset;
𣊊光反照 temporary clearing up of mind before death, compared to sunset glow.

V.i. & t. (1) To shine, cast or reflect light: 照射 jauh-sheh↓;
照亮 to illuminate by light;
探照燈 searchlight;
映照 to brighten atmosphere with luminaries;
照影子 cast a shade or reflection.
(2) To look after: 照顧，照料，照管，照拂 jauh-guh, jauh-liauh, jauh-guaan, jauh-fur↓;
關^照 52B.00.
(3) Look at reflection: 照鏡子 see oneself in mirror;
照鏡自憐 admire oneself in the mirror.
(4) Used in communications: 台照 for your perusal;
知照 to inform, be informed;
查照 for your information (at end of official communication), and 知照 used esp. to inferior;
照得 jauh-der↓.

Prep. According to: 照你說 according to what you say;
照理講 theoretically speaking;
照事實講 according to the facts;
照本分，照禮 according to duty, ceremony;
照規矩 according to custom;
照價收購 buy up (land) in accordance with published rates;
照方兒抓，照章辦理 proceed according to regulations;
按照，依照 according to (regulations, agreement, etc.);
遵照 to do as one is told;
照辦，照例，照樣 jauh-bahn, jauh-lih, jauh-yahng↓.

Words 1. 照辦 jauh-bahn, v.i., do accordingly.
2. 照壁 jauh-bih, n., a short wall facing gate of mansion.
3. 照常 jauh-charing, adv., as usual: 照常辦公 office open as usual;
4. 照常 jauh-charing, adv., 照常進行 proceed as usual.
5. 照牆 jauh-chiarng, n., see jauh-bih↑.
6. 照得 jauh-der, phr., opening formula in official communication to subordinate: in regard to your letter saying that….
7. 照拂 jauh-fur, v.t., see jauh-liauh↓.
8. 照管 jauh-’guaan, v.t., look after (house, property, children, etc.).
9. 照顧 jauh-guh, v.t., (1) look after another’s welfare;
10. 照顧 jauh-guh, v.t., attend to (patient, child, etc.);
11. 照顧 jauh-guh, v.t., (2) (jauh-’gu), attend to customers.
12. 照會 jauh-hueih, n., official communication, an aide-memoire, a diplomatic note;
13. 照會 jauh-hueih, n., more modn. see 通 ^ 牒 31.83.
14. 照舊 jauh-jiouh, adj., unchanged, as usual: 照舊有效 be valid as usual.
15. 照准 jauh-juun, v.t., (official communication to subordinate) request granted.
16. 照看 jauh-kahn, v.t., see jauh-guh↑.
17. 照料 jauh-liauh, v.i. & t., to look after another’s welfare, comforts.
18. 照例 jauh-lih, adv., according to the rules: 照例免費 fees exempted according to regulations.
19. 照面（兒） jauh-miahn (jauh-miah-’l), v.i., (meet) face to face;
20. 照面（兒） jauh-miahn (jauh-miah-’l), v.i., (see person) personally.
21. 照明 jauh-mirng, v.i. & t., to illuminate;
22. 照明 jauh-mirng, n., lighting (stage);
23. 照明 jauh-mirng, n., 照明彈 (mil.) a flare.
24. 照片 jauh-piahn, n., a photograph.
25. 照射 jauh-sheh, v.t., to project light upon;
26. 照射 jauh-sheh, v.t., to illumine.
27. 照相 jauh-shiahng, v.i. & n., to photograph, a photograph;
28. 照相 jauh-shiahng, v.i. & n., 照相機 camera.
29. 照樣（兒） jauh-yahng(’l), adv., (1) accordingly;
30. 照樣（兒） jauh-yahng(’l), adv., in the same manner (as previous one): 照樣剪裁 cut according to pattern;
31. 照樣（兒） jauh-yahng(’l), adv., (2) in a routine manner, as others do.
32. 照妖鏡 jauh-yau-jihng, n., (myth.) a mirror which reveals disguise of monster or demon.
33. 照耀 jauh-yauh, v.t., to illuminate, shine in glory.
34. 照應 jauh-’yihng, v.i. & t., (1) to look after, see jauh-liauh↑;
35. 照應 jauh-’yihng, v.i. & t., (2) to fit with (prophecy, original).

旯 Num. Index: 41.70 lar .

N. See 旮 ^ 旯 91.41.

見 Num. Index: 41.70 jiahn (*shiahn ).

N. Notion, idea, opinion, view, judgement: 見解 jiahn-jiee, 見識 jiahn-shy↓;
意見 views, opinions;
高見，卓見 (court.) your (esteemed) views;
成見 a preconceived notion, prejudice;
淺見 shallow view;
見地 jiahn-dih↓;
遠見 farseeing, farsighted;
婦人之見 worthless (shortsighted) views not to be taken seriously (cf. “she’s only a woman”);
偏見 one-sided views, prejudice;
定見 fixed idea;
少見多怪 (contempt.) shocked through lack of experience;
having seen little, get excited easily;
顯而易見 crystal-clear, self-evident;
管見 shortsighted view, also (self-deprecation) my views.

V.i. & t. (1) V.t., see, look at, behold: 見到 catch, (get) sight (a glimpse) of, actually see;
親眼看見 see with one’s own eyes;
見世面 get to know the world;
見聞 jiahn-wern↓;
見個高低 (of two opponents) fight it out;
見高低 (gambling) win or lose;
能見度 visibility;
（活）見鬼 nonsense! you’re (he’s) day-dreaming! 一見鍾情 love at first sight;
見票即付 (of checks) payable at sight;
先見之明 foresight;
相見恨晚 wish that we had met earlier! 我見猶憐 phr. for expressing love of one indeed beautiful;
瑕瑜互見 there are both good and bad qualities (strong points and weaknesses);
名不見經傳 (of person) obscure, little known;
見分曉 to clear up (matter, doubts), arrive at final results;
見縫兒就鑽 behave like a social climber (a gogetter)
見天日 (of rooms) sunny and airy;
(fig.) injustice redressed;
見兔顧犬 (AC allu.) take instant advantage of an opportunity that comes only once in a long while;
百聞不如一見 hearing is no substitute for seeing (“seeing is believing”);
見利忘義 forget honor at sight of money;
見獵心喜 reminds one of former sport of hunting, interest reawakened;
見怪不怪 become inured to the unusual (weird, uncanny);
見景生情 recall old memories at familiar sights;
瞎子見錢眼開 even the blind man will open his eyes if you give him money;
見仁見智 each according to his lights;
見財起意 be moved to commit crimes by sight of money;
見異思遷 changeful, fickle, capricious;
見賢思齊 emulate those better than oneself;
見風使船 (fig.) sail with the wind;
見義勇為 never hesitate to do what is right;
見危授命 (of statesman) be ready to die for one’s country in times of national crisis;
見機而作 take the cue and act accordingly;
見得 jiahn-der↓;
見得到 may be seen (is visible), be wise (intelligent) enough to see a subtle point.
(2) V.t., call on, visit with: 見面 jiahn-miahn↓;
覲見，朝見 have an audience with (a monarch);
拜見 pay a courtesy call on;
進見 have an interview with;
請見 ask for an interview;
想見 wish to meet;
見不著 fail to see s.o. one wishes to interview;
相見 meet one another;
見不得人 unpresentable;
見不起人 dare not show one’s face;
見人 jiahn-rern↓;
見閻王 (sl.) to kick the bucket.
(3) V.t., receive (callers): 見客 jiahn-keh↓;
接見 extend welcome to (visitor).
(4) (Passive) be+p.p. 見怪 jiahn-guaih, 見惠 jiahn-hueih, 見教 jiahn-jiauh, 見笑 jiahn-shiauh, 見責 jiahn-tzer, 見罪 jiahn-tzueih, 見外 jiahn-waih, 見輕 jiahn-ching↓;
見諒 be forgiven;
見棄 be forsaken, abandoned, deserted;
見復 receive a reply;
見賜 be presented with;
見疑 be subject to suspicion, be doubted;
見用 be taken into service, be assigned work to do;
見稱 be spoken well of, praised.
(5) V.i., appear, look, become: 見好 jiahn-haau, 見背 jiahn-beih↓;
見瘦，見老 get thinner, older (be aging);
見氣 get angry.
(6) V.i., (*shiahn) (＝現) appear, manifest.

Adj. Every: 見天 jiahn-tian↓.

Adv. complement. Sense of completed sensation: 看見，聽見 have seen, have heard;
聞見 have heard or smelled;
夢見 have dreamed;
遇見，碰見 happened to meet.

Words 1. 見報 jiahn-bauh, v.i., appear (be published) in newspaper.
2. 見背 jiahn-beih, v.i., be orphaned: 生孩六月，慈父見背 my father passed away when I was only six months old.
3. 見輕 jiahn-ching, v.i., (1) (of illness) get better;
4. 見輕 jiahn-ching, v.i., (2) (of person) be slighted, looked down upon, treated with contempt.
5. 見道 jiahn-dauh, v.i., come to know the truth, used in a philosophical or religious sense.
6. 見得 jiahn-der, v.i., to know, perceive: 怎見得，何由見得 how do you know? 不見得 I don’t see it, not necessarily so.
7. 見地 jiahn-dih, n., perception, viewpoint: 甚有見地 the point is well taken;
8. 見地 jiahn-dih, n., 見地甚高 farsighted, clear-sighted.
9. 見方 jiahn-fang, adj., square: 一尺見方 one foot square.
10. 見怪 jiahn-guaih, v.i., be blamed, taken to task;
11. 見怪 jiahn-guaih, v.t., take offense at: 別見怪我 do not blame me.
12. 見光 jiahn-guang, v.i., polish;
13. 見光 jiahn-guang, adj., translucent.
14. 見好 jiahn-haau, (1) v.i., (of illness) get better;
15. 見好 jiahn-haau, (2) v.t., go out of one’s way to please (person).
16. 見惠 jiahn-hueih, v.i., be presented with (a gift).
17. 見證 jiahn-jehng, n., (1) evidence, clear proof;
18. 見證 jiahn-jehng, n., (2) a witness.
19. 見幾 jiahn-ji¹, v.i., foresee s.t. before it happens, have foresight.
20. 見機 jiahn-ji², v.i., as in 見機而作 decide on the spot.
21. 見教 jiahn-jiauh, v.i., give, be given, advice.
22. 見解 jiahn-jiee, n., understanding, judgement, personal opinions, views.
23. 見客 jiahn-keh, v.i., receive callers.
24. 見禮 jiahn-lii, n., (1) salute of welcome;
25. 見禮 jiahn-lii, n., (2) gift given at first meeting, see jiahn-miahn-lii↓.
26. 見面 jiahn-miahn, v.t., (1) meet face to face, see, talk with;
27. 見面 jiahn-miahn, v.t., (2) (of estranged persons) meet for the first time to be reconciled;
28. 見面 jiahn-miahn, v.t., 見面禮 jiahn-miahn-lii, n., a present given to s.o. whom one sees for the first time.
29. 見人 jiahn-rern, v.i., appear in public: 你做下這樣事，將來怎麼見人呢 if you do such a thing, how can you ever show your face again?
30. 見小 jiahn-shiaau, v.i., (1) be more discerning than others;
31. 見小 jiahn-shiaau, v.i., (2) be narrow-minded, petty, mean.
32. 見效 jiahn-shiauh¹, v.i., (medicine, advice) show results.
33. 見笑 jiahn-shiauh², v.i., be laughed at, ridiculed: 見笑大方 be a laughingstock, expose oneself to ridicule.
34. 見習 jiahn-shir, v.i., get practical experience by actual work, serve as an apprentice;
35. 見習 jiahn-shir, n. & v.i., learn (-ing) from demonstration.
36. 見說 jiahn-shuo, phr., it’s said that.
37. 見識 jiahn-shy, n., insight, judgement.
38. 見天 jiahn-tian, adj., everyday: 見天日 see the light of day.
39. 見責 jiahn-tzer, v.i., be blamed, punished, taken to task.
40. 見罪 jiahn-tzueih, v.i., be blamed.
41. 見字 jiahn-tzyh, phr., used in letters from elders to children or subordinates as part of the salutation, roughly equiv. “This note if for…” preceded by the name of the recipient.
42. 見外 jiahn-waih, v.i., be considered as an outsider: 不要見外 phr. used to urge one to accept gift.
43. 見聞 jiahn-wern, n., what one sees and hears, general knowledge: 見聞不廣 have only limited knowledge.

昆 Num. Index: 41.70 kun .

N. (1) Elder brother: 昆仲，昆季 kun-juhng, kun-jih↑.
(2) Progeny, 昆裔 kun-yih↓.
(3) Insect: 昆蟲 kun-churng↓.

Words 1. 昆布 kun-buh, n., (bot.) Laminaria japonica, an edible giant seaweed (also called 海帶).
2. 昆蟲 kun-churng, n., insects in gen.
3. 昆季 kun-jih, n., brothers.
4. 昆仲 kun-juhng, n., ditto.
5. 昆明 Kun-mirng, n., name of city and lake in Yunnan.
6. 昆裔 kun-yih, n., progeny.

晃 Num. Index: 41.70 huaang .

V.i. (1) To flash: 拿銀子向他一晃 flash a piece of silver in his face;
有個人一晃過去 a man flashed past the door.
(2) To dazzle: 晃得人眼都睜不開 (lightning) blinds one’s eyes.
(3) To float about: 晃來晃去，晃了（况）晃蕩 (flag) flap about, swing, rock;
搖晃，晃搖 to swing and sway.

Adj. & adv. Shining, dazzling: 晃朗，晃耀 dazzling bright;
明晃晃，亮晃晃，白晃晃 dazzlingly clear, bright, white.

晁 Num. Index: 41.70 chaur .

N. A surname.

冕 Num. Index: 41.70 miaan . [Top part strictly 曰, a hat, and not 日; ignored in common writing]

N. Official cap;
ruler’s cap: 加冕，冠冕 coronation;
冕服 official costume.

Words 1. 冕旒 miaan-liour, n., king’s crown (with tassels in front ＝旒).

□ Num. Index: 41.70 chaur . [Anc. var. of 晁↑]

甖 Num. Index: 41.70 ying . [Var. 罌 41.21]

毘 Num. Index: 41.70 pir . [Var. of 毗 40S.70]

晟 Num. Index: 41.71 shehng . [Cogn. 盛 71.30]

思 Num. Index: 41.72 sy (*syh , *sai ).

Fin. part. (Unaccented) a vague sentence ending: (AC) 不可求思，不可泳思 cannot be solicited, cannot be swum across;
神之格思 when spirit descends;
(related AC fin. part. 斯 22S.22, 者 11.41 and 些 22.30).

N. (1) Thought(s): 鄉思 thoughts of home;
愁思 sad thoughts or remembrance;
文思 the flow of thoughts in writing.
(2) (*syh) In 意思 meaning, interest: 很有意思 is very interesting.

V.i. & t. (1) (LL) to think, ponder, deliberate (vern. 想): 思想 sy-shiaang;
思考，思惟 to consider, sy-kaau, sy-weir↓;
思前想後 to think of the past and future;
再思，三 (pr. sahn) 思 think twice, thrice;
深思 think deeply;
不思之甚 how thoughtless;
思過半矣 can largely comprehend the rest.
(2) (LL) to remember, think of, admire: 思念，思慕 sy-niahn, sy-muh↓;
追思 think back;
相思 long for (lover);
思凡 sy-farn↓;
思鄉 think of home;
思故，思舊 think of old times or the past.
(3) (LL) to try to, want to: 思歸，思退 want to go home, to resign;
思往他鄉 is thinking of going abroad;
見異思遷 be fickle, look for a change for s.t. better;
思有以救之 is thinking how to save a situation;
見賢思齊 when one sees another better than oneself, try to equal him.

Adj. (*sai) 于思 having a thick beard.

Words 1. 思辨 sy-biahn, v.i., to analyze mentally, make intellectual enquiries.
2. 思潮 sy-chaur, n., popular trend of ideas, current of thought.
3. 思凡 sy-farn, phr., (of immortals in heaven, nuns) have worldly thoughts (凡間 the secular world).
4. 思過 sy-guoh, v.i., feel remorse.
5. 思舊 sy-jiouh, v.i., think of old friends, times.
6. 思致 sy-jyh, n., interesting thoughts.
7. 思考 sy-kaau, v.i., to ponder, consider, deliberate.
8. 思戀 sy-liahn, v.i. & t., to long for lover.
9. 思量 sy-liarng, v.i., to deliberate, to consider in the mind.
10. 思路 sy-luh (sy-’lu), n., line of thought (clear, twisted).
11. 思慮 sy-lyuh, v.i. & n., think, -ing.
12. 思慕 sy-muh, v.t., to admire or love (person).
13. 思念 sy-niahn, v.t., to remember fondly.
14. 思想 sy-shiaang (sy-’shiang), v.i. & n., think, a man’s thinking, ideas (clear, unclear, new, crazy);
15. 思想 sy-shiaang (sy-’shiang), v.i. & n., a nation’s philosophy;
16. 思想 sy-shiaang (sy-’shiang), v.i. & n., 思想史 history of thought (in period, country);
17. 思想 sy-shiaang (sy-’shiang), v.i. & n., 思想家 a thinker.
18. 思省 sy-shiing, v.i., see sy-liarng↑.
19. 思緒 sy-shyuh, n., thoughts and feelings;
20. 思緒 sy-shyuh, n., mood or line of thinking.
21. 思索 sy-suoo, v.i., try to understand by thinking: 不待思索 phr., without stopping to think－self-evident.
22. 思存 sy-tsurn, v.i. & t., (AC, LL) to remember (friend).
23. 思忖 sy-tsuun, v.i., to wonder, imagine (unknown situation).
24. 思（維）惟 sy-weir, v.i., to philosophize, think deeply;
25. 思（維）惟 sy-weir, v.i., to deliberate;
26. 思（維）惟 sy-weir, n., thinking as a process.
27. 思議 sy-yih, v.i., to comprehend: 不可思議 incomprehensible, mysterious, incredible.

恩 Num. Index: 41.72 en .

N. (1) A bounty, blessing, a favor or kindness from above: 施恩 grant a favor, a blessing;
承恩，受恩 receive a favor;
求恩，謝恩 to beg, thank for, favor;
開恩 grant special favor, esp. grant pardon;
a past favor: 報恩 do s.t. in return for some past favor;
忘恩負義 being ungrateful;
將仇報恩，恩將仇報 return kindness with hatred.
(2) Love as between husband and wife;
or between parent and child: 恩愛夫妻.

Adj. (1) Pertaining to imperial favor, by imperial favor: 恩詔，恩科 en-jauh, en-ke↓;
恩准，恩赦 approved, pardoned by His Majesty.
(2) Kind;
pertaining to a gift, a favor: 恩惠，恩禮，恩典 en-hueih, en-lii, en-diaan↓.

Words 1. 恩愛 en-aih, n., love, esp. between husband and wife.
2. 恩勤 en-chirn, n., (AC) (the debt of gratitude one owes to) parents’ love and care.
3. 恩情 en-chirng, n., love, sentiment of friendship;
4. 恩情 en-chirng, n., some past kindness.
5. 恩仇 en-chour, n., debt of gratitude and of revenge.
6. 恩寵 en-chuung, n., special kindness of a ruler.
7. 恩德 en-der, n., kindness shown to another, the debt of gratitude owed to s.o.
8. 恩典 en-diaan, n., (1) royal favor, special gift, award or grant;
9. 恩典 en-diaan, n., (2) a friend’s kindness.
10. 恩公 en-gung, n., benefactor.
11. 恩惠 en(’)hueih, n., special gift or kindness.
12. 恩詔 en-jauh, n., imperial decree of award or pardon.
13. 恩眷 en-jyuahn, n., see en-chuung↑.
14. 恩科 en-ke, n., civil examinations specially decreed;
15. 恩科 en-ke, n., degrees given at such examinations.
16. 恩禮 en-lii, n., gifts and kindness.
17. 恩念 en-niahn, n., s.o.’s kindness, kind thoughtfulness.
18. 恩人 en-rern, n., benefactor.
19. 恩潤 en-ruhn, n., bounty, benefice from above.
20. 恩榮 en-rurng, n., royal honor.
21. 恩賞 en-shaang, n., gift by ruler.
22. 恩赦 en-sheh, v.t., pardon by ruler;
23. 恩赦 en-sheh, v.t., amnesty.
24. 恩幸 en-shihng¹, n., royal favor.
25. 恩倖 en-shihng², n., a court favorite.
26. 恩澤 en-tzer, n., bounty, benefit received from above.
27. 恩意 en-yih¹, n., kind consideration by ruler.
28. 恩義 en-yih², n., gratitude owed on account of past relations, as between husband and wife, father and son.
29. 恩怨 en-yuahn, n., past kindness and old grudge.
30. 恩遇 en-yuh, n., special recognition by ruler.

慁 Num. Index: 41.72 huhn .

V.t. (AC) to upset, disturb.

愚 Num. Index: 41.72 yur .

Pron. (Court. oft. in letters) I, yours humbly: 愚以為不然 I do not agree;
see 愚兄，愚弟 yur-shyung, yur-dih↓.

V.t. To deceive: 愚民 yur-mirn↓;
被人所愚 was deceived by others;
愚弄 yur-luhng↓.

Adj. Foolish, stupid, ignorant: 愚夫愚婦 the uneducated public;
愚鈍，愚笨 yur-duhn, yur-behn↓.

Words 1. 愚騃 yur-air¹, adj., (LL) stupid, childish.
2. 愚呆 yur-air², adj., blockheaded, dull, slow to learn.
3. 愚獃 yur-air³, adj., moronic, idiotic.
4. 愚笨 yur-behn, adj., stupid, silly.
5. 愚氣 yur-chih, n., (1) futile anger: 何必瞎生愚氣 why get mad which serves no purpose?
6. 愚氣 yur-chih, n., (2) (yur-’chi) foolish, silly-looking.
7. 愚蠢 yur-chuun, adj., stupid, thick-witted, foolish (opinion).
8. 愚弟 yur-dih, n., (formal self reference) your stupid younger brother, used among friends regardless of age.
9. 愚鈍 yur-duhn, adj., slow-witted, dull, unrefined.
10. 愚公 yur-gung, n., a foolish old man.
11. 愚者 yur-jee, n., (1) ignorant or unthinking people;
12. 愚者 yur-jee, n., (2) (court.) I.
13. 愚見 yur-jiahn, n., (court.) my humble opinion.
14. 愚忠 yur-jung, adj., stupid but honest.
15. 愚拙 yur-juor, n., stupid;
16. 愚拙 yur-juor, n., also used court. of oneself.
17. 愚直 yur-jyr, adj., blunt but honest.
18. 愚陋 yur-louh, adj., (oft. court.) vulgar, unrefined.
19. 愚弄 yur-luhng (yur-nuhng), v.t., to fool, deceive (person).
20. 愚魯 yur-luu, adj., simple, uninformed.
21. 愚昧 yur-meih, adj., ignorant, unenlightened.
22. 愚蒙 yur-merng, adj., ditto.
23. 愚民 yur-mirn, phr., 愚民政策 policy of keeping people ignorant;
24. 愚民 yur-mirn, phr., policy to misguide, deceive people.
25. 愚懦 yur-nuoh, adj., ignorant and timid.
26. 愚人 yur-rern, n., a fool.
27. 愚下 yur-shiah, pron., (court. self-reference) I, me.
28. 愚孝 yur-shiauh, adj., stupid but filial.
29. 愚兄 yur-shyung, n., (court. self-reference) your stupid elder brother, used by one of senior age among friends.
30. 愚晚 yur-waan n., (court. self-reference) your stupid pupil, used by one of younger generation.
31. 愚頑 yur-warn, adj., imbecile, insensitive, slow-witted.
32. 愚意 yur-yih, phr., my humble opinion.

□ Num. Index: 41.72 jyuh . [Anc. var. of 懼 22A.11]

懸 Num. Index: 41.72 shyuarn .

V.i. & t. (1) To hang, to suspend in midair, to hoist up, hang up: 懸在空中 suspend in midair;
懸牌 hang up a shop sign;
懸燈（結綵） hang up lantern;
懸旗 hoist up flag;
懸空 shyuarn-’kung↓.
(2) To occupy the mind, be on the mind: 懸念 shyuarn-niahn↓;
懸腸掛肚 cause extreme worry and distress (腸肚 the viscera considered as the seat of emotions), see 腸 and 肚 42A.50, 42A.11).

Adj. (1) Overhanging, unsupported, dangerous: 懸崖 overhanging cliff;
懸崖勒馬 draw up short at overhanging cliff－with-draw sharply from imminent disaster;
懸谷 valley with steep sides.
(2) (Pop.) steep: 懸得很 very steep.
(3) Longstanding, unresolved: 懸案 shyuarn-ahn↓;
懸缺 shyuarn-chyue↓.
(4) Different: 懸殊，懸絕，懸異 shyuarn-shu, shyuarn-jyuer, shyuarn-yih↓.

Adv. Based purely on conjecture, imaginary: 懸想，懸斷，懸擬 shyuarn-shiaang, shyuarn-duahn, shyuarn-nii↓.

Words 1. 懸案 shyuarn-ahn, n., a longstanding, unresolved case at court;
2. 懸案 shyuarn-ahn, n., unsettled question.
3. 懸欠 shyuarn-chiahn, v.i., to owe in account unpaid.
4. 懸罄 shyuarn-chihng, n., a suspended music stone (see 磬 11.40);
5. 懸罄 shyuarn-chihng, n., symbolic of bareness: 室如懸罄 house is quite bare－living in poverty.
6. 懸揣 shyuarn-chuaai, v.i., to surmise, conjecture.
7. 懸鶉 shyuarn-churn, phr., 衣若懸鶉 (AC) bedraggled dress like a beggar’s (like a “quail hung upside down”).
8. 懸泉 shyuarn-chyuarn, n., a falling cataract.
9. 懸缺 shyuarn-chyue, n., unfilled vacancy.
10. 懸膽 shyuarn-daan, n., a long, dropping nose (“like suspended gall”).
11. 懸斷 shyuarn-duahn, v.i., to judge, surmise without sufficient basis.
12. 懸法 shyuarn-faa, phr., (AC) statutes or regulations, pasted over gates, which served as public notices.
13. 懸㶴 shyuarn-feng, n., overhanging cliff, perpendicular peak.
14. 懸隔 shyuarn-ger, v.i., to be separated at a distance.
15. 懸掛 shyuarn-guah, v.i., to remember always, be concerned (over s.t.).
16. 懸果 shyuarn-guoo, n., (bot.) a plant, Cremocarp, with split. kernels.
17. 懸河 shyuarn-her, phr., 口若懸河 a torrent of words－symbolic of eloquence.
18. 懸衡 shyuarn-herng, phr., (AC) (1) to show (laws, etc.) as a public standard;
19. 懸衡 shyuarn-herng, phr., (2) 不能與齊懸衡 would not be considered equal in power to 齊.
20. 懸乎 shyuarn-’hu, v.i., depend on.
21. 懸弧 shyuarn-hur¹, phr., (AC) to give birth to a son (“hang a bow” on the door).
22. 懸壼 shyuarn-hur², v.i., to practise medicine (hang a gourd or bottle as shop sign).
23. 懸記 shyarn-jih, v.t., to have constantly in mind.
24. 懸旌 shyuarn-jing, phr., 心如懸旌 (LL) my heart flutters like a pennant in the wind.
25. 懸肘 shyuarn-joou, adv., “with raised elbow” (not resting on table)－for writing characters over a foot big.
26. 懸車 shyuarn-jyu, phr., put carriage in storage－resign from government.
27. 懸絕 shyuarn-jyuer, adj., completely different, wide apart.
28. 懸軍 shyuarn-jyun, phr., (LL) isolated column of soldiers.
29. 懸曠 shyuarn-kuahng, adj., (Budd.) abstruse, difficult to follow.
30. 懸空 shyuarn-’kung, (1) adv., out of the blue, without basis: 懸空虛構 invent a story (by imagination);
31. 懸空 shyuarn-’kung, (2) v.i., to dangle: 兩腳懸空幵 leave one’s feet dangling without support.
32. 懸梁 shyuarn-liarng, v.i., “suspend from a beam”－hang oneself.
33. 懸門 shyuarn-mern, n., (AC) a portcullis, suspended gate which could be dropped.
34. 懸念 shyuarn-niahn, v.i. & t., to think of (person in absence).
35. 懸擬 shyuarn-nii, v.i. & t., to conjecture (a plan), to imagine, surmise.
36. 懸瀑 shyuarn-puh, n., a cataract, waterfalls.
37. 懸賞 shyuarn-shaang, v.i., to announce award (for wanted criminal, etc.).
38. 懸想 shyuarn-shiaang, v.i., to imagine.
39. 懸象 shyuarn-shiahng, n., (AC) astronomical phenomena.
40. 懸心 shyuarn-shin, v.i., be worried, concerned.
41. 懸首 shyuarn-shoou, v.i., to display chopped-off head (of criminal, rebel) usu. over city gate.
42. 懸殊 shyuarn-shu, adj., different (in situation, circumstances, etc.).
43. 懸虛 shyuarn-shyu, adj., abstruse, incredible (talk);
44. 懸虛 shyuarn-shyu, adj., unfounded.
45. 懸榻 shyuarn-tah, phr., (allu.) to extend great welcome (“letting down a bunk” reserved for special friend).
46. 懸談 shyuarn-tarn, v.i., make a rambling, discursive talk.
47. 懸望 shyuarn-wahng, v.i., to wish, to long for, think of longingly, hope in the distance.
48. 懸異 shyuarn-yih, adj., see shyuarn-shu↑.

具 Num. Index: 41.80 jyuh .

N. A tool, an implement: 器具 tools, instruments;
家具 furniture;
文具 stationery, writing utensils;
餐具 dinner-service, -set;
茶具 tea-service, -set;
用具 tools and implements;
工具 equipment, tools;
刑具 instruments of punishment (torture);
農具 agricultural implements;
賭具 cards, dice, etc. used in gambling.
(2) Talent, ability: 才具 ability, talents, parts;
將相之具 a person of good ministerial timber.
(3) A unit of things: 屍首一具 one corpse.

V.t. Provide, furnish, supply: 具呈 submit a memorial to a superior;
具文 jyuh-wern, 具備 jyuh-beih, 具結 jyuh-jier, 具保 jyuh-baau↓;
具報 make a written report;
開具 give an itemized list of;
謹具 “respectfully submitted by”;
檢具 enclose and submit;
具名 jyuh-mirng↓.

Adj. Concrete: 具體 jyuh-tii↓.

Adv. (Interch. 俱) all, completely, fully.

Words 1. 具保 jyuh-baau, v.i., sign a guarantee.
2. 具備 jyuh-beih, adj., fully supplied (furnished, equipped) with.
3. 具慶 jyuh-chihng, phr., be fortunate enough to have both parents still living.
4. 具結 jyuh-jier, v.i., sign a written promise or agreement.
5. 具名 jyuh-mirng, v.i., put one’s own signature (on a document).
6. 具體 jyuh-tii, adj., (1) concrete (opp. 抽象 abstract);
7. 具體 jyuh-tii, adj., (2) complete: 具體而微 having everything in miniature.
8. 具草 jyuh-tsaau, v.i., make a rough draft of a document.
9. 具足 jyuh-tzur, adj., (＝具備 jyuh-beih↑).
10. 具文 jyuh-wern, (1) v.i., prepare a document for submission to a superior;
11. 具文 jyuh-wern, (2) n., a dead letter.
12. 具有 jyuh-yoou, v.t., be provided (supplied, equipped) with.

異 Num. Index: 41.80 yih .

V.i. & t. (1) To separate: 離異 separate, be alienated from.
(2) To feel surprise: 驚異，詫異 be greatly surprised or shocked;
異之 to regard (s.o. or s.t.) as strange or unusual.
(3) To look with special favor: 寵異.

Adj. (1) Different: 異口同聲 unanimous (praise, etc.);
異途同歸 all roads lead to same goal;
異曲同工 different approaches contribute to same end;
異類 different class or species, see 異類 yih-leih, 性 yih-shihng¹↓.
(2) Strange, unusual, remarkable, extraordinary: 奇異 strange;
異人，異相 yih-rern, yih-shiahng¹↓;
異才 yih-tsair↓;
奇裝異服 singular dress;
異形 abnormal shape;
異狀 abnormal strange appearance;
異香 exotic fragrance;
異彩 strange burst of color;
異聞 yih-wern↓;
異書 a rare and little-known book.
(3) Another: 異日，異時 yih-ryh, yih-shyr↓.
(4) Foreign (place) 異域，異鄉 yih-yuh, yih-shiang↓.
(5) Disloyal, changing mind: 異志，異心 yih-jyh, yih-shin↓.

Words 1. 異邦 yih-bang, n., foreign land.
2. 異稟 yih-biing, n., unusual talent.
3. 異常 yih-charng, adj. & adv., unusual, -ly;
4. 異常 yih-charng, adj. & adv., abnormal, extraordinary.
5. 異趣 yih-chyuh, n., difference of tastes and interests.
6. 異代 yih-daih, n., a different or past age.
7. 異道 yih-dauh, n., (1) different route or path;
8. 異道 yih-dauh, n., (2) different faith.
9. 異等 yih-deeng, adj., unusual, remarkable (talent);
10. 異等 yih-deeng, adj., special grade.
11. 異地 yih-dih, n., foreign land.
12. 異端 yih-duan, n., heterodox teaching, heresy.
13. 異國 yih-guor, n., foreign country.
14. 異乎 yih-hu, phr., different from (the usual, etc.).
15. 異兆 yih-jauh, n., strange omen.
16. 異教 yih-jiauh, n., a religion not one’s own, pagan religion;
17. 異教 yih-jiauh, n., 異教人 pagan.
18. 異己 yih-jii, n., a person not of one’s own party.
19. 異志 yih-jyh, n., a disloyal heart.
20. 異類 yih-leih, n., (1) (contempt.) person not of one’s own culture;
21. 異類 yih-leih, n., foreign tribe;
22. 異類 yih-leih, n., (2) different beasts or demons.
23. 異母 yih-muu, adj., not of same mother: 異母弟 brother born of a different mother.
24. 異能 yih-nerng, n., remarkable talent, ability.
25. 異人 yih-rern, n., (1) (in Chin. novels, stories) a Taoist immortal, a saint in disguise, any rare person, sometimes with magical powers;
26. 異人 yih-rern, n., (2) (AC) another person.
27. 異日 yih-ryh, adv., (LL) on another day;
28. 異日 yih-ryh, adv., some future day.
29. 異想 yih-shiaang, n., phantasy, whimsy: 異想天開 (person) comes out with most fantastic ideas.
30. 異相 yih-shiahng¹, n., (person’s) remarkable physiognomy.
31. 異象 yih-shiahng², n., strange heavenly phenomena.
32. 異鄉 yih-shiang, n., foreign land.
33. 異性 yih-shihng¹, n., opposite sex.
34. 異姓 yih-shihng², n., different clan or clan name;
35. 異姓 yih-shihng², n., also different tribe.
36. 異心 yih-shin, n., disloyalty of heart.
37. 異數 yih-shuh, n., unusual or extra favor or courtesy.
38. 異說 yih-shuo, n., (1) different version or theory;
39. 異說 yih-shuo, n., (2) strange doctrines.
40. 異事 yih-shyh, n., strange happening.
41. 異時 yih-shyr, adv., see yih-ryh↑.
42. 異俗 yih-sur, n., foreign, strange customs.
43. 異才 yih-tsair, n., remarkable talent.
44. 異爨 yih-tsuahn, phr., (of brothers, close relations) live separately (“separate kitchens”).
45. 異同 yih-turng, n., differences and similarities.
46. 異族 yih-tzur, n., (1) foreign tribe (contempt);
47. 異族 yih-tzur, n., (2) different race.
48. 異味 yih-weih, n., rare delicacy (food).
49. 異聞 yih-wern, n., strange news, story.
50. 異物 yih-wuh, n., a strange, unknown object or animal.
51. 異樣 yih-yahng, adj. & adv., different, -ly.
52. 異言 yih-yarn, n., dissent of opinion.
53. 異議 yih-yih, n., dissent;
54. 異議 yih-yih, n., objection;
55. 異議 yih-yih, n., 執行異議 (law) objection to execution.
56. 異域 yih-yuh, n., far-distant land.

貝 Num. Index: 41.80 beih .

N. (1) Cowry, a small sea shell.
(2) Money (cowry used as money in early stages of civilization);
hence (3) as radical in characters referring to money or property (as 財 wealth, 寶 treasure, 賦 tax, 貨 goods, etc.): 寶貝 treasure.
(4) Translation of Sanskr. pattra, see 貝葉，貝文，貝多 beih-yeh, beih-wern, beih-duo↓.
(5) A surname.

Words 1. 貝多 beih-duo, n., translation of Sanskr. pattra, palm leaves from Borassus flabellifor, used as paper in writing Buddhist sutras.
2. 貝貨 beih-huoh, n., commercial goods.
3. 貝錦 beih-jiin, n., silks with wavy, shell-like patterns.
4. 貝柱 beih-juh, n., edible ligaments which control closing and opening of clam shells, as in 江瑤柱.
5. 貝殼 beih-ker, n., shell of shell animals, like mother-of-pearl (蚌殼).
6. 貝勒 beih-leh, n., (Manchu) a Manchu prince.
7. 貝母 beih-muu, n., (bot.) Fritillaria verticillata, a medicinal herb.
8. 貝子 beih-tzyy, (1) n., cowries, anciently used as currency;
9. 貝子 beih-’tz, (2) n., a Manchu rank, son of beih-leh↑.
10. 貝文 beih-wern, n., Buddhist script written on palm leaves, see beih-duo↑.
11. 貝葉 beih-yeh, n., leaves of beih-duo↑.

貫 Num. Index: 41.80 guahn [Arch. 毌]

N. (1) A string for holding cash in place.
(2) Place of one’s ancestral home: 鄉貫 one’s native district;
籍貫 one’s native province.
(3) Formerly, a string of 1,000 cash.
(4) A surname.

V.t. (1) To thread, pass through: 貫穿 guahn-chuan, 貫串 guahn-chuahn, 貫通 guahn-tung↓;
聯貫 be connected;
直貫到底 go straight to the bottom or the farthest end.
(2) To hit (the bull’s eye).

Words 1. 貫徹 guahn-cheh, v.t., carry (s.t.) through: 貫澈（徹）始終 stick to (a task) to the bitter end;
2. 貫徹 guahn-cheh, v.t., 貫澈到底 do a thorough job of.
3. 貫穿 guahn-chuan, v.t., (1) pierce through;
4. 貫穿 guahn-chuan, v.t., (2) know (s.t.) thoroughly.
5. 貫串 guahn-chuahn, v.t., to piece together, interconnect, interrelate.
6. 貫耳 guahn-eel, v.i., as in 如雷貫耳 like a thunderclap piercing through the ear－sharp advice which wakens one.
7. 貫跤 guahn-jiau, v.i., to trip and fall, (see 摜 10A.80).
8. 貫珠 guahn-ju, (1) n., a string of beads;
9. 貫珠 guahn-ju, (2) adj., (of sounds) pleasing to the ear.
10. 貫注 guahn-juh, adj., attentive: 精神貫注 concentrate attention.
11. 貫通 guahn-tung, v.t., to master (a subject): 融會貫通 know (a subject) from A to Z.
12. 貫盈 guahn-yirng, adj., full to the brim: 惡貫滿盈 guilty of the worst crimes.

贔 Num. Index: 41.80 bih .

Words 1. 贔屭 bih-shih, (1) n., giant land turtle, seen sometimes in carved stone base of tablets;
2. 贔屭 bih-shih, (2) adj., straining (muscles).

昃 Num. Index: 41.81 tzeh .

N. & adj. (LL) post meridiem.

昊 Num. Index: 41.81 hauh .

N. 昊天 (AC) term for heaven;
(AC) (fig.) parents’ great, good kindness.

旻 Num. Index: 41.82 mirn .

N. Autumn: 旻天 (AC) the sky in autumn.

曼 Num. Index: 41.82 mahn .

Adj. (1) Graceful, soft and beautiful: 曼麗 mahn-lih↓;
曼辭 (AC) sophisticated words;
曼澤 (AC, of hair) smooth and shining.
(2) Trailing (of voice, vine): 曼延 mahn-yarn↓.

Words 1. 曼波 mah-buo n., mambo.
2. 曼麗 mahn-lih, adj., beautiful.
3. 曼妙 mahn-miauh, adj., soft and charming.
4. 曼靡 mahn-mii, adj., (of music) softly appealing.
5. 曼陀羅 mahn-tuor-luor, n., (bot.) a plant, Datura alba.
6. 曼衍 mahn-yaan, v.i., grow and spread;
7. 曼衍 mahn-yaan, adj., continuous.
8. 曼延 mahn-yarn, v.i. & adj., ditto (also wr. 蔓 ^ 延 20A.82).

最 Num. Index: 41.82 tzueih .

Adj. & adv. Best, most, least, to the highest (lowest) degree: 最好 tzueih-haau↓;
最好的 the best one;
最佳 best, finest;
最便宜 cheapest;
最美 most beautiful;
最初 tzueih-chu↓;
最先 earliest;
以此為最 this one is the best.
最難 the hardest, most difficult;
最終的 the last one;
最後 tzueih-houh↓;
最要緊 most important;
最為至要 of the utmost importantce;
最關緊要 of the utmost urgency and importance;
最新式 most stylish, chic, * la mode;
最時髦 most fashionable;
最不要臉 most shameless, brazen, thick-skinned;
最高 tallest, highest, supreme;
最低 lowest;
最大 maximum, maximal;
最小 minimum, minimal;
最細 infinitesimal;
最多（少） most (least) numerous.

Words 1. 最初 tzueih-chu, adj. & adv., (at) first, initial(ly).
2. 最殿 tzueih-diahn, n., the first and the last successful contestants.
3. 最凡 tzueih-farn, n., see tzueih-muh↓.
4. 最高法院 tzueih-gau-far-yuaan, n., supreme court.
5. 最好 tzueih-haau, adj., best of all.
6. 最後 tzueih-houh, adj., final, ultimate: 最後關頭 final reckoning, the moment of truth;
7. 最後 tzueih-houh, adj., 最後通牒 an ultimatum;
8. 最後 tzueih-houh, adj., 最後一次 the last round (turn, time);
9. 最後 tzueih-houh, adj., 最後一分鐘 at the last minute.
10. 最惠國 tzueih-hueih-guor, n., (international law) the most-favored nation: 最惠國條款 the most-favored-nation clause.
11. 最目 tzueih-muh, n., a summary table of contents.

矍 Num. Index: 41.82 jyuer .

Adj. (1) Sound and healthy, physically vigorous: 矍鑠 jyuer-shuoh↓.
(2) Looking askance: 矍矍 jyuer-jyuer↓.

Words 1. 矍矍 jyuer-jyuer, adj., (1) staring in surprise;
2. 矍矍 jyuer-jyuer, adj., (2) eager, anxious, spoiling for.
3. 矍然 jyuer-rarn, adj. & adv., with a surprised look.
4. 矍鑠 jyuer-shuoh, adj., (of old people) hale and hearty.

迴 Num. Index: 41.83 hueir . [Var. 𣊊]

V.i. & t. (1) To go round or backwards: 迴旋，迴轉 hueir-shyuarn, hueir-juaan↓;
巡迴 to patrol, make circuit tour;
迴天乏術 cannot make the universe turn back on its course－impossible.
(2) To return (var. of □).

Adj. & adv. Curving: 迂迴曲折 going in a roundabout way (as in argument, explanation);
迴誦 to read (letter) again and again.

Words 1. 迴避 hueir-bih, v.i. & t., (1) to make way for high official coming one’s way;
2. 迴避 hueir-bih, v.i. & t., (2) to avoid confrontation with (person) for some valid reason.
3. 迴腸 hueir-charng, n., (physiol.) the ileum, part or intestines;
4. 迴腸 hueir-charng, n., (fig.) disturbed thoughts, feelings, longings.
5. 迴環 hueir-huarn, adv., round and round, back and forth.
6. 迴轉 hueir-juaan, v.i., to turn around.
7. 迴廊 hueir-larng, n., a circling or curving corridor.
8. 迴翔 hueir-shiarng, v.i., to fly back and forth, to circle in the sky.
9. 迴旋 hueir-shyuarn, adv., in a circular manner, back and forth;
10. 迴旋 hueir-shyuarn, adv., 迴旋風 tornado.
11. 迴文 hueir-wern, n., as in 迴文詩 a poem which can be read backward or forward and still make sense.
12. 迴斡 hueir-woh, v.i. & t., to turn.

遇 Num. Index: 41.83 yuh .

N. (1) A surname.
(2) Circumstances, situation: 境遇 ditto;
機遇，際遇 opportunity, chance.
(3) Treatment, remuneration: 待遇甚厚（甚薄） good (bad) salary;
隆遇，殊遇 special, extra reception, courtesy, etc.

V.t. (1) To meet: 遇見 yuh-jiahn↓;
路上相遇 meet on the way;
巧遇 meet by chance;
遇便 yuh-biahn↓.
(2) To find, meet (a lover, s.o. who understands): 外遇 n., a lover outside marriage;
所遇 what one meets, also lover: 別有所遇 has a lover outside;
遇人不淑 phr., married a bad husband;
尋遇 find and meet.

Words 1. 遇便 yuh-biahn, phr., whenever convenient.
2. 遇害 yuh-haih, v.i., was murdered.
3. 遇合 yuh-her, v.t. & n., to meet together, get along together;
4. 遇合 yuh-her, v.t. & n., coming together.
5. 遇見 yuh-jiahn, v.t., meet, meet with (person, event).
6. 遇難 yuh-nahn, phr., was killed.
7. 遇險 yuh-shiaan, phr., meet an accident.

遏 Num. Index: 41.83 eh .

V.t. To suppress, keep down, stop: 遏慾 suppress desires;
遏亂 suppress rebellion;
遏絕，遏止 eh-jyuer, eh-jyy↓;
遏惡揚善 overlook other people’s weaknesses and extol their virtues.

Words 1. 遏折 eh-jer, v.i., to stop.
2. 遏制 eh-jyh, v.t., to suppress.
3. 遏絕 eh-jyuer, v.t., to suppress entirely.
4. 遏止 eh-jyy, v.t., to stop (what is wrong).
5. 遏密 eh-mih, v.t., as in (AC) 遏密八音 stopped music during imperial funeral.
6. 遏捺 eh-nah, v.t., to suppress, keep down by force.
7. 遏阻 eh-tzuu, v.t., to stop, prevent, deter.
8. 遏抑 eh-yih, v.t., ditto.
9. 遏雲 eh-yurn, phr., (singer’s voice) pierce the clouds.

遢 Num. Index: 41.83 tah .

V.i. & adj. See 遢拉 ta-’la, see 蹋 ^ 擸 40B.50;
邋 ^ 遢 93.83.

暹 Num. Index: 41.83 shian .

V.i. (AC) (1) (sun) rises.
(2) Go forward.

Words 1. 暹羅 Shian-luor, n., Siam (Thailand).

□ Num. Index: 41.83 tih . [Var. of 逖 91.83]

是 Num. Index: 41.83 shyh .

N. In 國是 the affairs of the country.

Pon. This: 如是 like this.

V.i. (1) To be: 這是，你是 this is, you are, etc.;
oft. stands for “it is,” as though “it” is understood: 是我的錯 it is my mistake, 是你的不幸 it is your bad luck;
是我說的 it is I who said it;
該（應）是時候了 it should be time (to go now);
是下雨了 it is raining;
是必有故 there must be a reason;
oft. like “if it is”: 是你做的，就該承認 if you (it is you who) did it, you should admit it;
是 (or vb. to be) idiomatically not required before a predicative adj.: 他大我小 he (is) big, and I (am) small;
他病了 he (is) ill;
這個容易 this (is) easy;
是…的 used in assertion, where phrase ending in 的 is felt as “one which,” “one who”: 這塊布白 or 很白 this cloth (is) white, but 這塊布是白的 this cloth is a white one;
他不是我生的 he was not one born by me;
不是我說的 (the words) are not said by me;
是不是，是否 is it or is it not, used in beginning questions: 是不是你說的 did you say it or didn’t you? 是不是你要走了 are you going away? 可不是 is it not indeed, it is indeed (his own fault);
莫不是 (in sense of conjecture) could it be that, might it not be that: 莫不是他病了 it might be that he is sick.
(2) Used in answering “Yes”: 是 or 是的 Yes;
不是 No;
是了 that’s it;
口是心非 he says “Yes” but means “No.”
(3) To justify: 自是其所是 to justify what one holds or believes;
是其所為 justify his action.

Adj. (1) That: 是日，是時 that day, that time.
(2) Right, true, opp. 非 fei, wrong, untrue: 自以為是 assumes he is right;
是耶，非耶 is it true or is it not? 各行其（所）是 each does what he think is right;
是非 shyh-fei↓.

Words 1. 是必 shyh-bih, phr., it must be, there must be (a reason, etc.).
2. 是非 shyh-fei, n., (1) right and wrong, dispute, quarrel: 不管他人的是非 do not meddle in others’ disputes;
3. 是非 shyh-fei, n., 是是非非 questions as to who is right and who is wrong;
4. 是非 shyh-fei, n., (2) sense of right and wrong: 是非之心，人皆有之（孟子） every man has a sense of right and wrong.
5. 是否 shyh-foou, phr., is it true or isn’t it? a phr. beginning a question, like Eng. “It is…, isn’t it?” “You have…, haven’t you?” 是否要我幫忙 do you need my help?
6. 是故 shyh-guh, adv. & conj., therefore, in consequence (oft. rhetorical, leading to another aspect rather than consequence).
7. 是荷 shyh-her, phr., (at the end of request in letters) much obliged.
8. 是正 shyh-jehng, v.t., to correct (an error), to put right (oft. court., used in submission of writing);
9. 是正 shyh-jehng, v.t., 請求是正 please point out any errors.
10. 是日 shyh-ryh, adv., that day.
11. 是幸 shyh-shihng, phr., (at end of request) much obliged.
12. 是所 shyh-suoo, phr., this is what: 是所至盼 (the above) is what I am anxiously waiting for.
13. 是則 shyh-tzer, phr., it is then.
14. 是味兒 shyh-weh-’l, adj., having the right flavor: 菜做得是味兒 the dish is cooked just right.
15. 是為 shyh-weir, phr., it is, this is, that is, which is, all that in the preceding sentence is.
16. 是樣兒 shyh-yahng-’l, adj., of correct form or shape.
17. 是以 shyh-yii, conj., therefore, see shyh-guh↑.

匙 Num. Index: 41.83 chyr (*-’sh).

N. (1) (chyr-tz, chyr-’l) Spoon: 湯匙 soup spoon;
茶匙 teaspoon.
(2) (*chyr-’sh) 鑰匙 (yauh-’sh) key.

尟 Num. Index: 41.83 shiaau .

Adj. Few, little (cogn. 少 22.91).

韙 Num. Index: 41.83 weei .

N. Used only in phr. 大不韙 a great crime, crime against the state.

題 Num. Index: 41.83 tir .

N. Subject, theme of essay: usu. 題目 tir-muh↓;
出題 to set subject for composition or questions for examination;
標題 give title to, entitle(d);
破題 opening sentence stating theme of essay;
承題 explanation, enlargement of above after first sentence (in 八股 ba-guu essay);
題外文章 digression from subject of paper;
文不對題 composition irrelevant to subject;
離題太遠 (discussion) digress too far afield;
小題大做 make too much fuss over trifle, make a mountain out of a molehill.

V.i. & t. & n., (1) Inscribe, -cription, write beautiful calligraphy: 題簽，題署，題款 tir-chian, tir-shuh, tir-kuaan↓;
題字 autograph, write inscription or a few words;
題匾，題額 inscription fronting shop or hall;
題壁 write line or poem on wall;
題詩 write poem on occasion;
題評 critical comments on book, scroll;
題贈 inscribe to (person).
(2) (MC) u.f. 提：休題舊事 do not mention bygones.

Words 1. 題跋 tir-bar, n., remarks on scrolls of calligraphy or painting;
2. 題跋 tir-bar, n., postscript to essays, books.
3. 題簽 tir-chian, n. & v.i., book title written on book cover, to write such a title.
4. 題額 tir-er, n., inscription on top of tablet.
5. 題主 tir-juu, n., person selected to write name of deceased on ancestral tablet.
6. 題款 tir-kuaan, n., (on a scroll) name of writer and the person it is dedicated to.
7. 題目 tir-muh, n., subject of essay, speech.
8. 題署 tir-shuh, n. & v.i., sign(ature) on scroll, tablet, etc.
9. 題材 tir-tsair, n., subject matter.
10. 題辭 tir-tsyr, n., complimentary remarks in front matter of book.

鶗 Num. Index: 41.83 tir .

N. 鶗鳺 tir-jyuer, n., the cuckoo (＝子規).

晏 Num. Index: 41.93 yahn .

N. A surname.

Adj. (1) Late: 晏起 get up late;
晏駕 yahn-jiah↓.
(2) Peaceful: 海內晏如 the country is in peace;
晏安酖毒 (of ruler) to indulge in pleasures and ruin the country;
天清日晏 a peaceful, sunny day.

Words 1. 晏駕 yahn-jiah, v.i., (of ruler) to pass away.
2. 晏然 yahn-rarn, adj., contented, relaxed.
3. 晏晏 yahn-yahn, adj., friendly, genial.

嬰 Num. Index: 41.93 ying .

N. An new-born babe, an infant: 嬰兒，嬰孩 ying-’l, ying-hair↓;
育嬰院 orphanage, nursery.

V.t. (1) (AC, u.f.) 攖 to ruffle, rub the wrong way: 嬰鱗 ying-lirn↓.
(2) (AC) to surround, to bother: 世網嬰我身 I am enmeshed in worldly concerns;
嬰城而守 patrol around city in defense.

Words 1. 嬰兒 ying-erl, n., an infant.
2. 嬰孩 ying-hair, n., ditto.
3. 嬰疾 ying-jir, phr., to catch sickness, fall ill.
4. 嬰鱗 ying-lirn, phr., (AC allu.) to ruffle the dragon’s neck scales－to offend the ruler by frank criticism (see 攖 10A.93).

曇 Num. Index: 41.93 tarn .

N. 曇花 tarn-hua, n., (bot.) nightblooming cereus, the Ficus carica, (優曇敭) tree whose flower blooms once a year, and lasts only one night;
hence 曇花一現 rare and brief appearance.

□ Num. Index: 41.93 shiahn . [Abbr. of 縣 41S.01]

時 Num. Index: 41A.00-1 shyr . [Abbr. □]

N. (1) Time: 時間，時候（兒），時光 shyr-jian², shyr-’hou(’l), shyr-guang↓;
長時，短時 long time, short time;
暫時 temporary;
此時，彼時 at this time, at that time;
此時此日 this day and hour;
那時 at that time;
何時何地 when and where;
一時 (impulse of) a moment;
當時 at that time;
同時 at the same time;
即時 immediately;
及時 timely, before it is too late;
臨時 (a) temporary (government), (b) just at the moment, on the spot (propose a resolution, back out, etc.);
隨時 at any time;
不時之需 thing which may be needed any time, money for exigencies;
時不我與 time is running out.
(2) Date, hour: 一小時 an hour;
時辰 shyr-’chern, 時刻 shyr-keh, 時期 shyr-chir↓;
定時 appointed hour;
準時，依時 punctually;
過時，逾時 belated (for appointment, etc.), after appointed time;
限時 set time limit.
(3) O’clock: 三時 three o’clock;
三時半 or 三時三十分 half past three or three thirty.
(4) Ancient system of dividing 24 hours into 12 two-hour periods, named by duodecimal cycle 子丑寅卯辰巳午未申酉戌亥, beginning with 子時 11:00 p.m. 1:00 a.m.;
子時正 12:00 midnight;
午時正 12:00 midnoon;
卯時 around 8:00 a.m.;
see Appendix A.
(5) Period, times, days, season: 少時 youth;
老時 old age;
舊時 old times;
古時 ancient times;
時代 shyr-daih, 時運 shyr-yuhn, 時世 shyr-shyh¹↓;
入時 fashionable (dress);
逆時 against the times or prevailing customs.

Adj. (1) Current (affairs, fashion, etc.): 時事 shyr-shyh³, 時裝 shyr-juang, 時尚 shyr-shahng, 時髦 shyr-maur↓.
(2) Timely: 時雨，時雪 timely rain, snow.

Adv. Often, continuously: 時時 shyr-shyr↓;
學而時習之 learn and review it from time to time.

Words 1. 時輩 shyr-beih, n., people (usu. scholars) of the times.
2. 時變 shyr-biahn, n., (1) political changes;
3. 時變 shyr-biahn, n., (2) the change of seasons.
4. 時病 shyr-bihng, n., (1) the ills of the times;
5. 時病 shyr-bihng, n., (2) (Chin. med.) epidemic.
6. 時不常兒 shyr-’bu-charng-’l, adv., oftentimes (＝時常).
7. 時差 shyr-cha, n., (1) difference in hours between different longitudes;
8. 時差 shyr-cha, n., (2) seasonal changes in length of day.
9. 時常 shyr-charng, adv., often.
10. 時辰 shyr-’chern, n., (1) hour, time in gen. sense (＝時候 shyr-houh: 在這個時辰 at this (late, etc.) hour;
11. 時辰 shyr-’chern, n., 時辰不早了 it is late;
12. 時辰 shyr-’chern, n., (2) see N.4↑ (see Appendix A).
13. 時氣 shyr-chih, n., (1) epidemic;
14. 時氣 shyr-chih, n., (2) (shyr-’chi) adj., lucky: 他真是時氣 he is really lucky.
15. 時期 shyr-chir, n., (1) time limit;
16. 時期 shyr-chir, n., (2) period: 在這個時期 during this period;
17. 時期 shyr-chir, n., 乾隆時期 Chiarnlurng (Chienlung) period.
18. 時代 shyr-daih, n., epoch, era, period: 時代不同 the times are different;
19. 時代 shyr-daih, n., 那個時代 in those days;
20. 時代 shyr-daih, n., 時代偶像 idol of the times.
21. 時調 shyr-diauh, n., popular song.
22. 時分 shyr-fehn, n., season;
23. 時分 shyr-fehn, n., time (early, late).
24. 時光 shyr-guang, n., time (early, late);
25. 時光 shyr-guang, n., passing hours: 時光流逝 the days (years) pass.
26. 時好 shyr-hauh, n., popular fashion.
27. 時候（兒） shyr-’hou(’l), n., time: 這個時候 at this time;
28. 時候（兒） shyr-’hou(’l), n., 甚麼時候兒 what time, when?
29. 時會 shyr-hueih, n., luck, right time (as person comes “at the right time” and succeeds).
30. 時貨 shyr-huoh, n., goods of the season.
31. 時政 shyr-jehng¹, n., current politics.
32. 時症 shyr-jehng², n., (Chin. med.) seasonal illness.
33. 時機 shyr-ji, n., an opportune moment.
34. 時價 shyr-jiah, n., current price.
35. 時艱 shyr-jian¹, n., (LL) problems and difficulties of the country.
36. 時間 shyr-jian², n., (common term) time, duration;
37. 時間 shyr-jian², n., time as a philosophic notion: 空間與時間 space and time;
38. 時間 shyr-jian², n., 開會的時間太長 the meeting lasts too long;
39. 時間 shyr-jian², n., 時間不早了 it is late;
40. 時間 shyr-jian², n., 有時間性 limited to a period only, temporary, (news) of temporary interest, (offers, business quotations) valid for a limited time;
41. 時間 shyr-jian², n., 時間表 n., timetable.
42. 時節 shyr-jier, n., (1) festival;
43. 時節 shyr-jier, n., (2) (AC) seasonal changes;
44. 時節 shyr-jier, n., (3) (shyr-’jie) see shyr-hou(’l)↑.
45. 時忌 shyr-jih¹, n., taboo of the times.
46. 時計 shyr-jih², n., chronometer, clock, watch.
47. 時禁 shyr-jihn, n., current taboo, ban.
48. 時景 shyr-jiing, n., the times (good, bad);
49. 時景 shyr-jiing, n., gen. conditions of a time.
50. 時裝 shyr-juang, n., current fashion in dress.
51. 時中 shyr-jung¹, adj., (AC) moderate, appropriate, not extreme.
52. 時鐘 shyr-jung², n., a clock.
53. 時值 shyr-jyr, n., current price or value.
54. 時局 shyr-jyur, n., gen. situation (of country).
55. 時刻 shyr-keh, (1) n., time, hour;
56. 時刻 shyr-keh, (2) adv., every moment: 時刻不忘，不離 not forget, not separate, for a single moment.
57. 時曆 shyr-lih, n., (AC) calendar.
58. 時令 shyr-lihng, n., (1) (AC) seasonal regulation;
59. 時令 shyr-lihng, n., (2) seasonal changes;
60. 時令 shyr-lihng, n., (3) (shyr-’ling) epidemic (also 時令病 shyr-’ling-bihng).
61. 時流 shyr-liour, n., scholars of the times, contemporaries.
62. 時論 shyr-luhn, n., (1) current criticism, essays on current topics;
63. 時論 shyr-luhn, n., (2) public opinion.
64. 時髦 shyr-maur, (1) adj., fashionable;
65. 時髦 shyr-maur, (2) n., vogue: 新時髦 new vogue.
66. 時鳥 shyr-niaau, n., seasonal bird.
67. 時派（兒） shyr-paih (shyr-pah-’l), n. & adj., fashion, -able.
68. 時牌 shyr-pair, n., (MC) tablet indicating hour of the day, hung at office.
69. 時評 shyr-pirng, n., (1) newspaper editorial, criticism on current topics;
70. 時評 shyr-pirng, n., (2) prevailing criticism.
71. 時人 shyr-rern, n., people of the period, contemporaries.
72. 時日 shyr-ryh, n., date, time limit.
73. 時尚 shyr-shahng, n., fashion.
74. 時下 shyr-shiah, adj. & adv., present: 時下的情形 the present condition.
75. 時限 shyr-shiahn, n., time limit.
76. 時鮮 shyr-shian, adj., fresh (fish, fruit, etc.).
77. 時賢 shyr-shiarn, n., the great scholars of the period, social leaders of the time.
78. 時效 shyr-shiauh, n., time limited efficacy.
79. 時新 shyr-shin, adj., novel, newfangled.
80. 時興 shyr-shing, adj., fashionable, novel at the time.
81. 時行 shyr-shirng, adj., current (vogue, disease);
82. 時行 shyr-shirng, adj., popular, enjoying popularity.
83. 時世 shyr-shyh¹, n., the generation.
84. 時式 shyr-shyh², adj., fashionable.
85. 時事 shyr-shyh³, n., current affairs.
86. 時勢 shyr-shyh⁴, n., current trend of events.
87. 時時 shyr-shyr, adv., always, at every moment.
88. 時序 shyr-shyuh, n., the course of the seasons.
89. 時望 shyr-wahng, n., a person’s popularity: 時望所歸 the object of public esteem.
90. 時文 shyr-wern, n., formerly, essay in the eight paragraphs prescribed for civil examinations (八 ^ 股 80.80), as opp. to other non-prescribed forms.
91. 時務 shyr-wuh, n., current public affairs: 識時務 familiar with the current situation;
92. 時務 shyr-wuh, n., (AC) farmer’s activities of the season.
93. 時彥 shyr-yahn¹, n., see shyr-shiarn↑.
94. 時諺 shyr-yahn², n., local proverb.
95. 時樣（兒） shyr-yahng(’l), n. & adj., fashion, -able.
96. 時醫 shyr-yi, n., a popular physician.
97. 時疫 shyr-yih, n., epidemic, plague.
98. 時宜 shyr-yir, adj., appropriate, proper (dress, opinion): 不合時宜 unpopular (opinion).
99. 時遇 shyr-yuh¹, n., luck in popular reception or in timely recognition by superior.
100. 時譽 shyr-yuh², n., popularity, gen. esteem.
101. 時運 shyr-yuhn, n., luck, times: 時運不濟 run into bad luck or times.
102. 時雨 shyr-yuu, n., timely rain;
103. 時雨 shyr-yuu, n., (fig.) a teacher’s good influence.

□ Num. Index: 41A.00-1 shyr . [Abbr. of 時 41A.00↑]

昧 Num. Index: 41A.01-1 meih .

V.t. (1) Hide away: 把東西昧了起來 keep hidden s. t. secretly.
(2) Darken: 昧了良心 or 昧心 darken (or ignore) one’s conscience.
(3) 昧死 risk life (in presenting frank letter to emperor), from 冒昧 Adj. 2↓.

Adj. (1) Stupid, dull: 愚昧, opp. 明 or 明察 intelligent, discerning.
(2) Being rash, adv., rashly: 冒昧陳詞，陳情 (court.) make bold to inform, request, etc.

Words 1. 昧旦 meih-dahn, n., (AC) the dim dawn.
2. 昧昧 meih-meih, adj., (1) dark;
3. 昧昧 meih-meih, adj., (2) slow of understanding;
4. 昧昧 meih-meih, adj., (3) (AC) dark and mysterious: 昧昧芒芒.
5. 昧爽 meih-shuaang, n., (LL) early dawn.

晾 Num. Index: 41A.01-6 liahng .

V.i. & t. (1) To air (clothing, etc.): 晾衣服，晾一晾 give it an airing;
晾乾 to dry in the air;
晾開 spread out for airing.
(2) To sun (laundry).

曚 Num. Index: 41A.02-2 merng . [Cf. 矇，朦]

Words 1. 曚曨 merng-lurng, adj., in twilight, predawn condition: also hazy moonlight (usu. wr. 朦朧).

曝 Num. Index: 41A.02-4 puh .

V.t. To sun (clothing): 一曝十寒 sun one day and rain ten days (of futile, frequently interrupted, effort).

Words 1. 曝露 puh-luh, v.t., expose (corpses, evil), also wr. 暴露.
2. 曝獻 puh-shiahn, n., (court.) my humble present (allu. to 野人獻曝 a countryman who thought of presenting good country sunshine to ruler).

瞱 Num. Index: 41A.10-2 yeh .

Adj. Bright, prosperous (also wr. 燁).

晬 Num. Index: 41A.10-6 tzueih .

N. One full year after a child’s birth: 晬盤 an assortment of articles placed on the table for a child to choose from on its first birthday anniversary, as a test of its inclinations and capabilities in later life.

暉 Num. Index: 41A.10-6 huei .

N. (LL) light: 落日餘暉 light of the setting sun;
斜暉 the slanting sunlight;
暉映成趣 cast beautiful reflections, also intricate play of contrasting or matching thoughts.

旺 Num. Index: 41A.11-3 wahng .

Adj. (1) Prosperous: 興旺 ditto;
旺盛 wahng-shehng↓.
(2) Lucky: 旺運 wahng-yuhn, 旺地 wahng-dih↓;
旺月 month doing much business.
(3) Hot, bright: 火勢很旺 fire is burning intensely.

Words 1. 旺地 wahng-dih, n., productive land;
2. 旺地 wahng-dih, n., land bringing prosperity.
3. 旺盛 wahng-shehng, adj., (business, family) prosperous.
4. 旺運 wahng-yuhn, n., spell of good luck.

曜 Num. Index: 41A.11-5 yauh

N. (1) Sunlight.
(2) Names of days of the week assigned to sun, moon and the planets: 日曜日，月曜日 Sunday, Monday;
火曜日，水曜日，木曜日，金曜日，土曜日 Tuesday to Saturday in that order (not in gen. use).

曈 Num. Index: 41A.11-6 turng .

Words 1. 曈曨 n., twilight of daybreak.

暱 Num. Index: 41A.21-5 nih . [Var. 嫟]

V.i. Be close to or intimate with: 親暱 be on intimate terms with;
狎暱，私暱 live secretly and intimately, or be on intimate terms, with (opposite sex, disreputable character).

Words 1. 暱愛 nih-aih, V.t., have a passionate love for (s. o.).
2. 暱就 nih-jiouh, V.t., draw near to.
3. 暱嫌 nih-shiarn, n., personal grudge.

晰 Num. Index: 41A.22-1 shi .

Adj. Clear: 明晰 clear in meaning.

晞 Num. Index: 41A.22-8 shi .

V.i. (1) To dawn: 東方未晞 sun has not yet come up on the east.
(2) To sun dry: (AC) 晞髮 to dry hair in the sun.

Adj. (AC) dry, dried in the sun.

昕 Num. Index: 41A.22-9 shin .

N. Sunrise, day, dawn: 昕夕 morning and night.

昨 Num. Index: 41A.22-9 tzuor .

N. & adv. Yesterday, (in) the recent past: 昨日 tzuor-ryh, 昨天 tzuor-tian↓;
昨夜，昨宵 last night;
日昨 the other day;
昨死今生 reform one’s ways and be reborn;
今是昨非 realize how one has been wrong (in the past).

Words 1. 昨非 tzuor-fei, n., (LL) past mistakes.
2. 昨兒 tzuor-’l, n. & adv., yesterday: 昨兒個 ditto.
3. 昨日 tzuor-ryh, n. & adv., yesterday.
4. 昨天 tzuor-tian, n. & adv., ditto.

曀 Num. Index: 41A.30-1 yih .

N. & adj. (AC) cloudy, -diness, misty, -tiness.

暄 Num. Index: 41A.30-6 shyuan . [Var. 寕]

Adj. (AC & LL) warm: 暄風 warm wind.

Words 1. 暄寒 shyuan-harn, V.i., (AC) talk, enjoy a chat (＝寒暄).
2. 暄暖 shyuan-nuaan, adj., warm, cozy.

晤 Num. Index: 41A.40-3 wuh .

V.t. To meet face to face, personally: 晤面，面晤，會晤，相晤 ditto;
晤別以來 since meeting you last.

昭 Num. Index: 41A.40-5 jau .

V.i. & t. (LL) to show: 昭雪，昭示 jau-shyuee, jau-shyh↓;
以昭畫一 to show uniform treatment;
昭信中外 to show good faith to the nation and abroad.

Adj. (1) Clear, manifest: 昭昭，昭明，昭彰 jau-jau, jau-mirng, jau-jang↓.
(2) Illustrious (dynasty): 昭代 jau-daih↓.

Words 1. 昭代 jau-daih, n., a glorious epoch.
2. 昭彰 jau-jang, adj., clear, unmistakable: 天理昭彰 God’s justice is manifest;
3. 昭彰 jau-jang, adj., 罪惡昭彰 one’s sins are known to all.
4. 昭昭 jau-jau, adj., as in 以其昏昏，使人昭昭 (AC) with one’s own darkness and confusion, expect to make others see the light;
5. 昭昭 jau-jau, adj., 斯昭昭之多 so many bright illuminating (stars).
6. 昭著 jau-juh, adj., see jau-jang↑.
7. 昭明 jau-mirng, adj., brilliant (period, dynasty).
8. 昭穆 jau-muh, adj., (pertaining to anc. royal ancestral temples) the first founder of dynasty in the center;
9. 昭穆 jau-muh, adj., those ancestors of 2nd, 4th and 6th generations on the left, called 昭 jau, and those of the 3rd, 5th and 7th generations on the left, called 穆 muh.
10. 昭然 jau-’rarn, adj. & adv., clear, -ly, manifest, -ly: 昭然若揭 clearly exposed, laid before the public (said of sinister motive, etc.).
11. 昭示 jau-shyh, V.t., (1) (of official superior) to instruct the people;
12. 昭示 jau-shyh, V.t., (2) to lay before the public.
13. 昭雪 jau-shyuee, V.t., to wipe out (a shame, injustice).
14. 昭蘇 jau-su, V.i., to revive after hibernation.

晒 Num. Index: 41A.41-3 shaih . [Var. of 曬 41A.70]

曙 Num. Index: 41A.41-4 shuh .

N. Daybreak: 曙光，曙色 the first light of day, daybreak.

V.i. Day breaks: 方曙 day was breaking.

暗 Num. Index: 41A.41-6 ahn .

Adj. (1) Dark: 黑暗 dark;
昏暗 dusk, twilight, heavily shadowed or overcast;
(fig.) dark ways, opp. the right path: 棄暗投明 (of rebel) return to government or orthodox church;
暗無天日 gross lack of justice under misgovernment.
(2) Secret, covert (code, plan, etc.): 暗號 ahn-hauh↓;
暗殺 ahn-sha↓;
暗度陳倉 secret relations with sweetheart (allu. secret crossing of river at 陳倉).

Adv. Secretly: 暗想 secretly think or wonder: 暗猜 guess at riddle;
暗笑 laugh at person’s back;
暗泣 weep secretly;
暗襲 attack in the dark;
暗藏 hide, conceal;
暗射 ahn-sheh↓.

Words 1. 暗暗 ahn-ahn, adv., secretly, clandestinely.
2. 暗㪫 ahn-chaang, n., (Chin. theater) a scene in plot which is merely suggested and not acted out.
3. 暗娼 ahn-chang, n., private prostitute.
4. 暗潮 ahn-chaur, n., (lit. & fig.) undercurrent.
5. 暗器 ahn-chih, n., concealed weapons, such as hidden arrows, darts.
6. 暗處（兒） ahn-chuh(’l), n., a dark place, a secret place.
7. 暗澹 ahn-dahn, adj., obscure, pale, not fresh (color) (also wr. 暗淡, dim, dismal).
8. 暗地（裡） ahn-dih(’li), adv., secretly, behind one’s back.
9. 暗房 ahn-farng, n., (photography) darkroom.
10. 暗溝 ahn-gou, n., covered sewerage.
11. 暗害 ahn-haih, v.t., to plot murder or injury secretly.
12. 暗含著 ahn-harn-’je, adj. & adv., containing covert, indirect (hint, criticism).
13. 暗號（兒） ahn-hauh(’l), n., secret signal.
14. 暗合 ahn-her, v.i., coincide naturally and without effort with (another’s wish).
15. 暗花兒 ahn-hua-’l, n., veiled design or pattern.
16. 暗間兒 ahn-jia-’l, n., (Peking coll.) comparatively darker rooms in house, opp. 明間兒 bright or front rooms.
17. 暗箭 ahn-jiahn, n., arrow shot from concealed source;
18. 暗箭 ahn-jiahn, n., anonymous attack.
19. 暗礁 ahn-jiau, n., hidden or submerged rocks in current.
20. 暗計 ahn-jih¹, n., see ahn-suahn↓.
21. 暗記 ahn-jih², n., (1) secret marking;
22. 暗記 ahn-jih², n., (2) make a mental note of s.t.: 暗記兒 ahn-jih²-’l, n., silent signal.
23. 暗九 ahn-jioou, n., multiple of nine (such as 18, 27) days or years.
24. 暗疾 ahn-jir, n., secret ugly disease－euphemism for venereal disease.
25. 暗轉 ahn-juaan, v.i., (theater) change scene with lights out.
26. 暗樁 ahn-juang, n., hidden piles in stream for blocking boats.
27. 暗中 ahn-jung, adv., secretly, furtively.
28. 暗裡 ahn-lii, adv., secretly.
29. 暗流 ahn-liour, n., undercurrent, see ahn-chaur↑.
30. 暗樓子 ahn-lour-tz, n., an attic.
31. 暗碼（兒）（子） ahn-maa(’l)(’tz), n., secret code;
32. 暗碼（兒）（子） ahn-maa(’l)(’tz), n., any secret marking.
33. 暗昧 ahn-meih, adj., underhand, stealthy;
34. 暗昧 ahn-meih, adj., disgraceful (affair);
35. 暗昧 ahn-meih, adj., also wr. 闇昧.
36. 暗門子 ahn-mern-tz, n., secret house of prostitution.
37. 暗色 ahn-seh, n., dark color.
38. 暗殺 ahn-sha, v.t., to assassinate.
39. 暗射 ahn-sheh, v.t., to hint at;
40. 暗射 ahn-sheh, v.t., to make concealed reference to person under disguise or by fictitious name.
41. 暗箱 ahn-shiang¹, n., camera obscura.
42. 暗香 ahn-shiang², n., as in 暗香疏影 (illu.) reference to the plum flower (“darkly sweet scent and sparse branch lines”).
43. 暗笑 ahn-shiauh, v.i. & t., sneer at.
44. 暗示 ahn-shyh¹, v.i. & t., to suggest, hint;
45. 暗示 ahn-shyh¹, n., a hint.
46. 暗事 ahn-shyh², n., shady affair.
47. 暗室 ahn-shyh³, n., a dark room;
48. 暗室 ahn-shyh³, n., (photography) darkroom.
49. 暗算 ahn-suahn, v.t., to plot secretly against s.o.
50. 暗探 ahn-tahn, n., secret agent.
51. 暗喻 ahn-yuu, n., a concealed analogy, a metaphor.

晡 Num. Index: 41A.42-1 bu .

N. Late afternoon.

晴 Num. Index: 41A.42-1 chirng .

Adj. Clear (sky), fair, not rainy (weather): 天晴了 sky has cleared, rain has stopped;
放晴了 ditto;
晴空萬里 a big, clear open sky;
晴雨無阻 rain or shine;
晴空 cloudless sky;
晴天霹靂 bolt from the blue.

Words 1. 晴和 chirng-her, adj., clear and mild (weather).
2. 晴朗 chirng-laang, adj., bright and clear (weather).
3. 晴爽 chirng-shuaang, adj., dry and pleasant (weather).
4. 晴天 chirng-tian, n., a clear day.
5. 晴雨表 chirng-yur-biaau, n., barometer.

明 Num. Index: 41A.42-4 mirng .

N. (1) Name of dynasty: 明朝，明代 (1368-1643).
(2) Clearness, brightness, derived from adjj.
(3) The present life dist. from after life: 幽明異路 the living and the dead live in different worlds.

V.i. & t. To understand: 明白 mirng-’bair↓;
能明大義 understanding the principles of right and wrong;
明恥 understand a sense of honor;
明禮 understand the rules of propriety;
明心見性 (Confucianism, Budd.) “find thy true self.”

Adj. & adv. (1) Open, -ly, not hidden or underhand: 明人不做暗事 an honest man does not deal underhand;
明媒正娶 legally married;
明局 open gambling place;
明溝 open sewerage;
明碼 open code (opp. 密碼 secret code) (telegraph, in plain code, price in plain figures, price);
明槍，明火打劫 open robbery;
明目張膽 openly defiant or openly commit acts;
明顯 evident;
often coupled with 暗, openly… but (and) secretly: 明去暗來 secret goings-on;
明查暗訪 investigate openly and secretly;
明爭暗𥌓 fight both with open and secret means;
明棄暗取 profess to spurn, but secretly take;
明知故犯 knowingly and wilfully break the law.
(2) Clear, -ly, bright, -ly: 明窗淨几 a neat desk before a bright window (comfortable place for study);
明眸皓齒 bright eyes and white teeth;
春光明媚 beautiful, bright spring days;
明文 clear statement (of law, will);
古有明訓 the clear teachings of the ancients;
明鏡，明鑑 clear example of history;
明德 the original, untarnished human heart.
(3) Clear-sighted, discerning, understanding, wise: 明察，明辨是非 clearly distinguish right and wrong;
明察秋毫 “able to see the fine down of birds in autumn”: very perspicacious;
明斷 bright, wise judgment;
明主，明王 the wise ruler;
明公 (address to eminent people) your illustrious self;
聰明 clever;
光明 bright and open, glorious, bright (future).

Words 1. 明版 ming-baan, n., Mirng Dyn. edition.
2. 明白 ming-’bair, (1) V.t., understand: 我明白你的意思 I understand what you mean;
3. 明白 ming-’bair, v.t., 明白嗎 do you understand?
4. 明白 ming-’bair, (2) adj., clear: 明白得很 it is very clear;
5. 明白 ming-’bair, adj., 明白人，你是明白人 (complim.) you understand (I don’t need to explain more).
6. 明蟾 mirng-charn, n., (LL) the moon.
7. 明前 mirng-chiarn, n., name of tea (picked before 清明 festival).
8. 明器 mirng-chih, n., things buried with and for the dead;
9. 明器 mirng-chih, n., also 冥器.
10. 明確 mirng-chyueh, adj., clear and definite (advice, instructions, explanation).
11. 明代 Mirng-daih, n., Mirng Dyn.
12. 明礬 mirng-farn, n., (chem.) alum.
13. 明河 Mirng-her, n., the Milky Way.
14. 明哲 mirng-jer, adj., wise: 明哲保身 phr., wise for personal survival, i. e., cautious during bad government.
15. 明間兒 mirng-jia-’l, n., the brighter room in northern houses: 兩暗一明 one bright room and two darker rooms on the sides.
16. 明鑑 mirng-jiahn, n., history held up as example.
17. 明膠 mirng-jiau, n., glue made from ox hide or animal bones and tendons.
18. 明珠 mirng-ju, n., bright pearl: 夜明寶珠 pearl luminescent at night.
19. 明兒 mir-’l, n., common short for 明日，明天 tomorrow;
20. 明兒 mir-’l, n., some future time, in the near future: 明兒丟了，別怪我 if you should lose it, don’t blame me;
21. 明兒 mir-’l, n., 明兒見 see you tomorrow.
22. 明朗 mirng-lahng, adj., bright (day, room);
23. 明朗 mirng-lahng, adj., 明朗化 mirng-lahng-huah, v.i., become clear (attitude).
24. 明了（瞭） mirng-liaau, v.t. & adj., understand;
25. 明了（瞭） mirng-liaau, v.t. & adj., clear.
26. 明亮 mirng-liahng, adj., clear (sky, room, print);
27. 明亮 mirng-liahng, adj., honest, generous.
28. 明理 mirng-lii, adj., reasonable, understanding: 你這個人不明理 you are being unreasonable;
29. 明理 mirng-lii, adj., 讀書明理 education and understanding (as one concept), be an educated person.
30. 明碼 mirng-maa, n., open code (telegraph, figures in code), in plain figures, price.
31. 明媚 mirng-meih, adj., bright and beautiful (day).
32. 明明 mirng-mirng, adv., clearly: 明明是他 clearly it is he.
33. 明日 mirng-ryh, n. & adv., tomorrow, see mirng-’l↑.
34. 明信片 mirng-shihn-piahn, n., postcard.
35. 明星 mirng-shing, n., movie star;
36. 明星 mirng-shing, n., star.
37. 明天 mirng-tian, n. & adv., tomorrow, see mirng-’l↑.
38. 明駝 mirng-tuor, n., (LL) the camel.
39. 明瓦 mirng-waa, n., thin, ground pieces of mother-of-pearl, used in windows in place of glass.
40. 明眼人 mirng-yaan-rern, n., person who is not easily deceived by appearances.
41. 明衣 mirng-yi, n., (1) (AC) costume used before ceremonial offerings;
42. 明衣 mirng-yi, n., (2) dress of mourning.

晌 Num. Index: 41A.42-9 shaang .

N. (1) A moment: 一晌，半晌 (coll.) a short moment, a stretch of time;
半晌不語 was silent for a moment.
(2) Noon: 晌午 ditto;
吃晌飯 have noon meal;
睡晌覺 take afternoon nap.
(3) (Dial. in Manchuria) a land measure, said to be an area of farm land a farmer can sow in a day.

暘 Num. Index: 41A.50-4 yarng .

V.i. & adj. The sun coming out.

昉 Num. Index: 41A.50-6 faang .

N. (AC) dawn.

V.i. (AC) start, begin.

晦 Num. Index: 41A.50-9 hueih .

N. (1) Last day of the lunar month: 晦朔 the last and first days of the month.
(2) A dark night: 風雨如晦 (AC) it blows and rains like a dark night;
晦明 the alternate night and day.

Adj. (1) Dark, unclear in meaning;
晦澀 hueih-seh↓.
(2) Unlucky: 晦氣 hueih-chih↓.

Words 1. 晦氣 hueih-chih, (1) n., unlucky star, hard luck;
2. 晦氣 hueih-chih, (2) adj., unlucky: 真是晦氣 (damned) unlucky.
3. 晦澀 hueih-seh, n., (of style) unclear in meaning, hard to understand, obscure.

曛 Num. Index: 41A.63-9 shyun .

N. (1) Reflected light of sunset.
(2) Dusk, twilight.

Words 1. 曛黑 shyun-heh, adj., dim, dark.
2. 曛黃 shyun-huarng, n., twilight.

曉 Num. Index: 41A.70-1 shiaau .

N. Daybreak: 天將曉 toward daybreak;
破曉，拂曉 dawn, daybreak;
曉行夜宿 (of traveller) get up early and stop for the night;
春眠不覺曉 in spring, one sleeps and wakes up to find it is already day.

V.i. & t. To know, understand: 曉得 shiaau-’de↓;
洞曉，通曉 (LL) understand thoroughly (a subject).

Adj. & adv. Clear, -ly, explicit, -ly: 曉諭，曉示 shiaau-yuh, shiaau-shyh¹↓;
曉暢 shiaau-chahng↓.

Words 1. 曉暢 shiaau-chahng, adj., (of writing) lucid, clear and expressive.
2. 曉得 shiaau-’de, V.i., to know: 曉得了 (I) know already, (in answer to instructions) I understand;
3. 曉得 shiaau-’de, V.i., 不曉得 do not know.
4. 曉會 shiaau-hueih, V.i., realize.
5. 曉了 shiaau-liaau, V.i., to understand.
6. 曉譬 shiaau-pih, n., to make clear by analogy, parable.
7. 曉人 shiaau-rern, n., one who understands, knowledgeable person.
8. 曉示 shiaau-shyh¹, V.t., to explain explicitly: 曉示民眾 to announce to the people or instruct the public.
9. 曉事 shiaau-shyh², adj., understanding, experienced (person): 他很曉事 he is very understanding and experienced.
10. 曉悟 shiaau-wuh, V.i., to realize (truth, mistake).
11. 曉諭 shiaau-yuh, V.t., to instruct and explain (to the public).

晻 Num. Index: 41A.70-1 aan (ahn ).

Words 1. 晻昧 aan-meih (ahn-meih), adj., (1) disgraceful (affair) (related 曖昧);
2. 晻昧 aan-meih (ahn-meih), adj., (2) (AC) murky, dusky (light).

曬 Num. Index: 41A.70-3 shaih . [Var. 晒]

V.t. (1) To sun (clothing, etc.), expose to the sun: 曬乾了，曬黑了 has been dried, darkened in the sun;
曬台 shaih-tair↓;
曬太陽 to sun oneself, take a sunbath;
曬暖兒 to get warm in the sun;
曬車板兒 without customers (“sun the cart planks”).
(2) To print a photograph by light: 曬相片 ditto;
曬藍圖 make a blueprint.

Words 1. 曬台 shaih-tair, (1) n., sun terrace;
2. 曬台 shaih-tair, (2) V.i., (coll.) to drop out on a project.

昵 Num. Index: 41A.70-5 nih .

V.i. Be close to or intimate with: 親昵 be on intimate terms with;
昵比 nih-bii↓.

Adv. Intimately, closely, passionately: 昵愛 nih-aih↓.

Words 1. 昵愛 nih-aih, v.t., to love passionately (a woman) (usu. wr. 溺愛; cf. 暱愛).
2. 昵比 nih-bii, v.i., associate with: 昵比罪人 (AC) associate with criminals.
3. 昵交 nih-jiau, n., an intimate friend.

曨 Num. Index: 41A.70-6 lurng .

N. & adj. See 曈 ^ 曨 41A.11;
曚 ^ 曨 41A.02.

晚 Num. Index: 41A.70-9 waan .

N. (1) Evening: 晚上 waan-’shang¹↓;
今晚 this evening;
昨晚 last evening, last night;
晚安 good evening;
傍晚 late afternoon;
早晚 every morning and evening, also sooner or later;
晚半天兒，晚半晌兒 toward dusk.
(2) (In letters) the writer himself, younger than addressee and acknowledging himself as “pupil,” short for 晚生 waan-sheng↓;
鄉晚 “pupil” of the same village;
晚輩 waan-beih↓.

Adj. (1) Late, latter part of: 歲晚 toward end of the year;
晚唐 late Tarng Dyn.;
晚清 latter part of Manchu Dyn.;
太晚了 it’s too late;
未晚 it’s not too late;
悔之晚矣 it’s too late to repent;
晚稻，晚莊稼 late harvests;
晚秋 late autumn.
(2) Late in life: 晚年 waan-niarn↓.

Adv. Coming late: 晚達，大器晚成 a great man becomes famous late in life;
晚歸 come home late.

Words 1. 晚班 waan-ban, n., evening class.
2. 晚報 waan-bauh, n., evening paper.
3. 晚輩 waan-beih, n., the younger generation, oft. court. self-reference, said in humility.
4. 晚車 waan-che, n., evening train.
5. 晚弟 waan-dih, n., (in letters, self-reference) your humble younger brother.
6. 晚飯 waan-fahn, n., evening meal, supper.
7. 晚會 waan-hueih, n., evening gathering, meeting, party.
8. 晚婚 waan-hun, phr., marry late;
9. 晚婚 waan-hun, phr., 晚婚兒 waan-hun-’l, n., a remarried woman.
10. 晚照 waan-jauh, n., sunset glow.
11. 晚間 waan-jian, n., evening.
12. 晚節 waan-jier, n., (1) man’s integrity in his old age;
13. 晚節 waan-jier, n., (2) (LL, rare) the latter part of dyn.
14. 晚近 waan-jihn¹, adv., lately.
15. 晚進 waan-jihn², n., one of new generation that has come up.
16. 晚景 warn-jiing, n., a man’s circumstances in old age.
17. 晚兒 waa-’l, n., (1) evening: 昨晚兒 last night;
18. 晚兒 waa-’l, n., (2) time: 這晚兒 now;
19. 晚兒 waa-’l, n., 那晚兒 at that time.
20. 晚禮服 warn-lii-fur, n., evening dress.
21. 晚年 waan-niarn, n., the latter part of man’s life, (in) old age.
22. 晚娘 waan-niarng, n., stepmother.
23. 晚上 waan-’shang¹, n., evening.
24. 晚凑 waan-’shang², n., ditto.
25. 晚生 waan-sheng, n., see N.2↑;
26. 晚生 waan-sheng, n., formerly, pupil, oft. self-reference in writing or speaking to teacher.
27. 晚霞 waan-shiar, n., sunset clouds.
28. 晚世 waan-shyh, n., latter days, nowadays.
29. 晚學 waan-shyuer, n., see N.2↑.
30. 晚歲 waan-sueih, n., (in) latter years, old age.
31. 晚餐 waan-tsan, n., evening meal, supper or dinner.
32. 晚走 warn-tzoou, v.i., (coll. of woman) to remarry.
33. 晚宴 waan-yahn, n., evening dinner.
34. 晚運 waan-yuhn, n., a man’s circumstances in old age.

曦 Num. Index: 41A.71-8 shi .

N. Early dawn: 晨曦.

曠 Num. Index: 41A.80-6 kuahng .

V.i. & t. (1) To skip: 曠工 skip work, walk out on work;
曠課 skip school work, play hooky;
曠職 neglect duties.
(2) To waste: 曠日持久 extend over days, maintain for a long time, be time-consuming.

Adj. (1) Far-ranging, understanding, emancipated: 心曠神怡 free of mind and happy of heart;
曠達 kuahng-dar↓.
(2) Open, covering whole area: 空曠 open (spaces).
(3) Unexcelled, unrivalled, unprecedented: 曠世無雙 stand without peer in one’s generation;
曠代佳人 unrivalled national beauty;
曠古以來 since ancient days;
曠典 unprecedented great ceremony or one not seen for a long time.
(4) Bachelor see 曠夫 kuahng-fu↓;
久曠 life without a woman for a long time.
(5) Far, long: see 曠久，曠遠 kuahng-jioou, kuahng-yuaan↓.

Words 1. 曠達 kuahng-dar, adj., showing deep understanding or breadth of mind: 曠達之士 a profound scholar, one with an open mind, not bigoted.
2. 曠費 kuahng-feih¹, v.t., to waste: 曠費時間，學業 waste time, neglect studies.
3. 曠廢 kuahng-feih², v.t., to neglect (school work, etc.).
4. 曠夫 kuahng-fu, n., a bachelor.
5. 曠古 kuahng-guu, adj. & adv., since ancient days: 曠古未有 never seen in past history;
6. 曠古 kuahng-guu, adj. & adv., 曠古奇聞 unprecedented story.
7. 曠久 kuahng-jioou, adv., for a long time: 曠久未見 has not been seen for a long time.
8. 曠曠 kuahng-kuahng, adj., (AC) big, open, bright.
9. 曠野 kuahng-yee, n., open spaces, open country, prairie.
10. 曠遠 kuahng-yuaan, adj., very far away (in time or space).

暝 Num. Index: 41A.80-6 mirng (*mihng ).

N. (*mihng) Night.

Adj. Dark, obscure;
cf. 冥 62.80.

暵 Num. Index: 41A.81-2 hahn .

V.t. (AC) to dry by exposing to the sun.

暌 Num. Index: 41A.81-3 kueir . [Dist. 睽 41B.81]

V.i. (Of friends) to be apart.

Words 1. 暌合 kueir-her, V.i., (LL) separation and reunion.
2. 暌索 kueir-suoo, V.i., (LL) to be dispersed.
3. 暌違 kueir-weir, V.i., (LL) to be separated.

□ Num. Index: 41A.81-3 nuaan . [Var. of 暖 41A.82]

映 Num. Index: 41A.81-9 yihng .

V.i. & t. (1) To reflect light: 互相輝映 add to each other’s splendor.
(2) To project a movie: 首映 first showing of movie, premi蓤e, 重映 repeat showing.

Words 1. 映帶 yihng-daih, V.i., increase beauty or brilliance by mutual reflection.
2. 映照 yihng-jauh, V.i., to cast light upon.
3. 映雪 yihng-shyuee, phr., (allu.) to study by light of snow (without lamp), to work hard as student.
4. 映月 yihng-yueh, phr., to study by moonlight, see yihng-shyuee↑.

暇 Num. Index: 41A.82-5 shiah (shiar ).

N. & adj. Leisure, -ly: 餘暇，閒暇，空暇 free time;
無暇 have no time for;
無暇及此 have no time for this;
自顧不暇 have enough to do to look after myself;
應接不暇 too busy with seeing guests.

Words 1. 暇晷 shiah-gueei (shiar-gueei), n., unoccupied time.
2. 暇刻 shiah-keh (shiar-keh), n., a free moment.
3. 暇日 shiah-ryh (shiah-ryh), n., days of leisure.
4. 暇時 shiah-shyr (shiar-shyr), n., leisure time.

暾 Num. Index: 41A.82-6 tun .

Adj. (AC) bright (of morning sun, fire).

暖 Num. Index: 41A.82-9 nuaan . [Var. of 煖]

V.t. To warm: 暖手，暖宝 warm one’s hands, bed;
取暖 keep oneself warm (as to sit by fire).

Adj. Warm, genial: 暖和 nuaan-’her↓;
暖風 genial breezes;
暖烘烘，暖融融 comfortably warm;
溫暖 kind and genial;
飽暖 well-fed and well-clothed, hence, warm and comfortable;
飽暖思淫慾 material comforts lead to sexual desire.

Words 1. 暖廠 nuarn-chaang, n., public building for the poor in winter.
2. 暖氣 nuaan-chih, n., warm air;
3. 暖氣 nuaan-chih, n., 暖氣管 steam radiator.
4. 暖耳 nuarn-eel, n., earflaps.
5. 暖房 nuaan-farng, v.i. & n., (to give) a house-warming party.
6. 暖閣 nuaan-ger, n., heated room;
7. 暖閣 nuaan-ger, n., (in North China) private rooms in gen.;
8. 暖閣 nuaan-ger, n., formerly, heated rooms for entertainment.
9. 暖鍋 nuaan-guo, n., chafing dish (＝火鍋).
10. 暖和 nuaan-’her, adj., warm (room, air, climate), also wr. 暖活.
11. 暖壼 nuaan-hur, n., tea cozy.
12. 暖轎 nuaan-jiauh, n., curtained sedan chair.
13. 暖炕 nuaan-kahng, n., built-in earthen bed, called kahng, heated from outside.
14. 暖簾 nuaan-liarn, n., quilted-cotton door screen.
15. 暖爐 nuaan-lur, n., a stove for heating room.
16. 暖壽 nuaan-shouh, n., party given in honor of s. o. on the eve of his birthday.
17. 暖水瓶 nuaan-shueei-pirng, n., a hot water bottle (also 暖水壼).
18. 暖室 nuaan-shyh, n., a greenhouse.
19. 暖翠 nuaan-tsueih, adj., soft green (of spring meadows).

曖 Num. Index: 41A.82-9 aih .

Words 1. 曖昧 aih-meih, adj., shady (affair), secret (romance).

□ Num. Index: 41A.91-6 kuahng . [Abbr. of 曠 41A.80]

盱 Num. Index: 41B.00-3 shyu .

V.i. To stare.

Adj. (AC) big.

Words 1. 盱衡 shyu-herng, v.i., (1) (AC) stare, glare, glower;
2. 盱衡 shyu-herng, v.i., (2) survey: 盱衡天下大勢 make a gen. survey of the world situation.
3. 盱鬩 shyu-shih, v.i., (AC) knit one’s brow in disapproval.
4. 盱盱 shyu-shyu, adj., glowering.

□ Num. Index: 41B.00-5 jiahn . [Var. of □ 52B.70]

矙 Num. Index: 41B.00-5 kahn .

V.i. & t. See 瞰 41B.82.

睜 Num. Index: 41B.00-9 jeng .

V.i. & t. To open (eyes), to stare: 睜開眼睛，睜眼 open one’s eyes;
眼睛睜不開 cannot open one’s eyes;
睜一眼，閉一眼 pretend not to see－purposely overlook (irregularities);
睜著眼睛說瞎話 tell a tall tale, talk barefaced nonsense.

眛 Num. Index: 41B.01-1 meih . [Dist. 昧]

Adj. (1) Obscure.
(2) Colorblind;
blind, esp. 昧於 blind to (事實 the facts, 國情 the conditions of the country);
cf. 昧 41A.01.

睞 Num. Index: 41B.01-1 laih .

V.t. (AC) look at, squint, glance sideways: 明眸善睞 clear-eyed with a winning look;
青睞 (court.) your favor or patronage.

瞭 Num. Index: 41B.01-1 liaau (*liauh ).

V.i. (*liauh) Survey at distance: 瞭望，瞭高 liaau-wahng, liaau-gau↓.

Adj. (1) Clearly visible: 瞭如指掌 clear, easy to see.
(2) Clearsighted, see 瞭亮 liaau-liahng↓.

Words 1. 瞭高（兒） *liauh-gau(’l), v.i., to act as thief’s lookout man;
2. 瞭高（兒） *liauh-gau(’l), v.i., to arrange everything and then watch at a distance.
3. 瞭亮 liaau-liahng, adj., (of voice, eyesight) clear, resonant, resounding.
4. 瞭然 liaau-rarn, adj., clear, easy to see.
5. 瞭望 *liauh-wahng, v.i., watch at a distance;
6. 瞭望 *liauh-wahng, v.i., 瞭望台 watchtower.

眯 Num. Index: 41B.01-2 mii .

V.t. 眯著眼 close eyes into narrow slits;
have dust in the eye: 眯了眼兒.

□ Num. Index: 41B.01-3 shyh . [Var. of 視 63B.70]

瞟 Num. Index: 41B.01-3 piaau .

V.t. Look out of corner of eye: 瞟了一眼 give a contemptuous look, glance quickly at.

Words 1. 瞟眇 piaur-miaau, adj., see (be seen) indistinctly (also 縹 ^ 緲 93B.01).

睬 Num. Index: 41B.01-9 tsaai . [Var. □]

V.t. (1) To look carefully.
(2) Pay attention, esp. with negative adv., to ignore: 不要睬他，不睬 ignore person, leave him alone, (refuse to look at).

矇 Num. Index: 41B.02-2 merng (*meng ). [Cogn. of 曚，朦，蒙，懵]

V.t. (*meng) To hoodwink and deceive: 我真把他矇住了 I have really made him believe (what is not true);
一時倒矇住了 was really misled for a while;
矇幵鍋兒 hide the truth (“cover the pot”).

Adj. Blurred in vision: 曚曨，曚昧 merng-lurng, merng-meih↓.

Words 1. 矇混 merng-’huhn, v.i., deceive by assuming similar appearance (＝蒙混).
2. 矇矓 merng-lurng, adj., (eyes) drowsy.
3. 矇昧 merng-meih, adj., ignorant, unknowing (＝蒙昧).
4. 矇矇 merng-merng, adj., blurred, unclear: 矇矇亮兒 pre-dawn twilight.
5. 矇騙 *meng-piahn, V.i. & t., deceive, swindle, cheat (person).
6. 矇瞍 merng-suoo, adj., blurred in vision.

眼 Num. Index: 41B.02-5 yaan .

N. (1) The eye: 眼睛 yaan-’jing↑;
開眼，張眼 open one’s eyes;
合眼 close eyes;
瞎眼 blind;
眼跳 eyes twitch (said to be omen of bad news);
瞥眼 (see) in a flash;
眼况不揉沙子 refuse to be hoodwinked;
眼不見為淨 (food) is regarded as clean so long as you do not see how it is prepared;
眼絲兒不見就走了 in a wink he was gone;
眼看著 see with one’s own eyes;
另眼看待 treat, welcome, with special regard;
打馬虎眼 pretend not to see, to overlook;
礙眼 it hurts to see (s. t.);
偷眼 give a furtive glance;
笑眼 a smiling glance;
虎眼 angry look;
鼠眼 narrow slits of eyes;
獨眼龍 (facet.) one-eyed person (cf. the Cyclops);
四眼田雞 (facet.) person wearing shortsighted spectacles;
青眼 look with favor (with black of eye);
白眼 look with disfavor (with white of eye).
(2) Insight, vision, power of vision, angle or level of judgment: 眼界，眼光，眼力 yaan-jieh, yaan-guang, yaan-lih↓;
眼高 highly critical;
眼高手低 high in aim but low-rate in execution, have high ambition but no real ability;
眼拙 (court.) not to recognize a distinguished person;
眼岔 vision blurred;
眼離 yaan-lir↓;
望眼欲穿 expect to see s. o. who never comes;
shade in eyes as showing certain emotions: 眼紅 jealous;
眼藍（正為這件事急得眼藍） desperately anxious;
眼黑愛鈔 greedy, with a black conscience;
眼白 yaan-bair↓;
眼饞，眼熱 greedy to possess a thing after seeing it;
眼尖 sharp-eyed.
(3) A hole: 針眼 needle hole;
洞眼 opening to cave;
錢眼 hole in coin;
井眼 hole in the well;
雙眼井 well with double holes;
屁股眼兒 anus;
心眼 the mind’s eye;
點眼 fill a space in chess.
(4) Salient or weighted point: 字眼 meaning of a phrase;
字眼兒 choice of words, special phrases;
板眼 the beat in operatic song, stress in musical bar.

Words 1. 眼巴巴 yaan-ba-ba, adv., (waiting) anxiously.
2. 眼白 yaan-bair, n., (physiol.) the white of the eye (also called 鞏膜，白膜).
3. 眼波 yaan-bo, n., a fluid glance (of woman).
4. 眼前 yaan-chiarn, adv., in the present moment, in immediate presence: 吃眼前虧 accept a present loss;
5. 眼前 yaan-chiarn, adv., 眼前歡 a momentary pleasure;
6. 眼前 yaan-chiarn, adv., 眼前花（兒） children at home regarded as flowers to please the eye;
7. 眼前 yaan-chiarn, adv., 眼前報 immediate retribution.
8. 眼球 yaan-chiour, n., eyeball;
9. 眼球 yaan-chiour, n., see yaan-ju-’l↓.
10. 眼圈兒 yaan-chua-’l, n., the region of eye socket: 眼圈兒一紅 about to cry (also 眼圈子).
11. 眼毒 yaan-dur, n., as in 招人的眼毒 meet with hostile looks.
12. 眼福 yaan-fur, n., a chance to enjoy seeing s. t. unusual or delightful.
13. 眼光（兒） yaan-guang(’l), n., (1) judgment, discrimination (good, bad, superficial);
14. 眼光（兒） yaan-guang(’l), n., (2) state of attention (focussed, distracted, listless, etc.);
15. 眼光（兒） yaan-guang(’l), n., (3) taste: 這件怕不對他的眼光兒 this I’m afraid will not suit his taste.
16. 眼花 yaan-hua, adj., dim in vision: 眼花撩亂 see things in a blur;
17. 眼花 yaan-hua, adj., 眼花兒 darling, the apple of one’s eye: 看他的兒女好像眼花兒似的 his children are his darlings.
18. 眼睜睜 yaan-jeng-jeng, adv., seeing with open eyes (an act committed).
19. 眼瞼 yarn-jiaan, n., the eyelid.
20. 眼見得 yaan-jiahn-’de, adv., before one’s eyes (s. t. happens).
21. 眼界 yaan-jieh, n., range of experience: 眼界廣 has a wide range of experience;
22. 眼界 yaan-jieh, n., 開眼界 open up a new vista, see s. t. novel.
23. 眼睫毛 yaan-jier-maur, n., eyelashes.
24. 眼結膜 yaan-jier-mor, n., conjunctiva.
25. 眼猗角兒 yaan-’ji-jiaau-’l, n., corners of one’s eyes.
26. 眼鏡 yaan-jihng n., spectacles;
27. 眼鏡 yaan-jihng n., 眼鏡蛇 yaan-jihng-sher, (zoo.) the cobra.
28. 眼睛 yaan-’jing, n., the eye;
29. 眼睛 yaan-’jing, n., also (fig.) 做他的眼睛 be spy for him, see yaan-muh↓.
30. 眼珠兒 yaan-ju-’l, n., pupil of the eye;
31. 眼珠兒 yaan-ju-’l, n., (fig.) power of discrimination: 真沒眼珠兒 fail to recognize thing for what it is;
32. 眼珠兒 yaan-ju-’l, n., 眼珠子 (a) eyeball;
33. 眼珠兒 yaan-ju-’l, n., (b) darling in one’s eyes.
34. 眼中釘 yaan-jung-ding, n., an eyesore, a hated person that one wishes removed: 眼中刺 ditto;
35. 眼中釘 yaan-jung-ding, n., 眼中人 sweetheart.
36. 眼科 yaan-ke, n., ophthalmology, study dealing with diseases of the eye: 眼科專家 oculist, ophthalmologist.
37. 眼眶（子） yaan-kuahng(tz), n., the eye socket.
38. 眼庫 yaan-kuh, n., eye bank.
39. 眼孔 yarn-kuung, n., (1) the eye;
40. 眼孔 yarn-kuung, n., (2) see yaan-jieh↑;
41. 眼孔 yarn-kuung, n., 眼孔大 wide range of experience.
42. 眼淚 yaan-leih, n., tears.
43. 眼簾 yaan-liarn, n., iris (of the eye).
44. 眼力 yaan-lih (yaan-’li), n., power of discrimination;
45. 眼力 yaan-lih (yaan-’li), n., 眼力見兒 yaan-lih-jiah-’l, tact.
46. 眼離 yaan-lir, n., hallucination.
47. 眼面前（兒） yaan-’mian-chiarn (yaan-’mian-chiar-’l), phr., 眼面前的事 things of common daily occurrence.
48. 眼目 yaan-muh, n., (1) the eye;
49. 眼目 yaan-muh, n., (2) spy who reports to s. o. what he sees.
50. 眼皮（兒） yaan-pir (yaan-pier-’l), n., the eyelid: 眼皮子底下 under one’s eyes, at present;
51. 眼皮（兒） yaan-pir (yaan-pier-’l), n., 眼皮子淺 shortsighted;
52. 眼皮（兒） yaan-pir (yaan-pier-’l), n., 眼皮兒雜 has many social contacts.
53. 眼色 yaan-seh, n., (1) a look, glance of the eye as signal: 遞箇眼色與他 gave him a meaningful glance;
54. 眼色 yaan-seh, n., (2) facial expression, countenance: 看人的眼色 watch s. o.’s look or mood, esp. superior’s.
55. 眼生 yaan-sheng, adj., looking unfamiliar;
56. 眼生 yaan-sheng, adj., cf. yaan-shur↓.
57. 眼神（兒） yaan-shern (yaan-sher-’l), n., look, expression in one’s eyes.
58. 眼下 yaan-shiah, adv., at present (also 目下);
59. 眼下 yaan-shiah, adv., within survey.
60. 眼線 yaan-shiahn (yaan-’shian), police informer leading to culprit’s hide-out.
61. 眼系兒 yaan-shieh-’l, n., the structure of nerves, muscles, etc. which constitute the eye (also 眼系子).
62. 眼熟 yaan-shur, adj., familiarlooking.
63. 眼同 yaan-turng, prep., together with: 眼同證人 (＝會同) together with the witness(es).
64. 眼子 yaan-tz, n., a hole in flute, tube, etc.
65. 眼網膜 yarn-waang-moh, n., retina.
66. 眼窩（兒）（子） yaan-wo(’l)(tz), n., the eye socket.
67. 眼暈 yaan-yuhn, adj., dizzy, giddy.

眽 Num. Index: 41B.02-9 moh . [Cogn. 脈 42A.02]

V.i. (AC) stare with eyes wide open.

睩 Num. Index: 41B.02-9 luh .

V.t. (AC) to look, glance.

瞵 Num. Index: 41B.10-1 lirn .

V.t. (AC) see, descry (of eagles).

睟 Num. Index: 41B.10-6 sueih .

Adj. (AC) clear-eyed, shining: 睟然 (AC) shining (face).

瞬 Num. Index: 41B.10-9 shuhn .

N. A wink, a flash: 轉瞬之間 in a wink (of time).

V.t. To wink, glance: 瞬目，瞬盼 to flash a glance.

Words 1. 瞬華 shuhn-huar, n., (LL) the rapid passing of time.
2. 瞬間 shuhn-jian, adv., in a twinkling.
3. 瞬息 shuhn-shir, adv., in a very short moment, like a flash.

睥 Num. Index: 41B.10-9 bih .

Words 1. 睥睨 bih-nih, V.t., look askance at: 睥睨一世 wear a proud, arrogant look, feeling on top of the world.

眸 Num. Index: 41B.10-9 mour .

N. (LL) pupil of the eye, the eye in gen.: 明眸皓齒 clear eyes and white teeth.

Words 1. 眸子 mour-tzyy, n., (AC) pupil of the eye.

睦 Num. Index: 41B.11-1 muh .

N. A surname.

Adj. Peaceful, living in peace and friendliness: 和睦 in peace and harmony;
親睦 in friendly relations.

瞠 Num. Index: 41B.11-2 cheng .

V.i. To stare, look stunned: 瞠乎其後 to be left (“staring”) far behind.

矐 Num. Index: 41B.11-3 huoh .

V.t. (AC) to blind one’s eyes in punishment.

睚 Num. Index: 41B.11-5 yair .

Words 1. 睚□ yair-tzyh, n., hostile or angry look: 睚□必報 would seek revenge for even an angry look;
2. 睚□ yair-tzyh, n., 睚□殺人 kill for trifles.

瞳 Num. Index: 41B.11-6 turng .

N. The eye pupil: 瞳孔，重瞳 double pupils (alleged of great personalities, as 舜，項羽, etc.).

Adj. (AC) innocent.

Words 1. 瞳矇 turng-merng, adj., (AC) ignorant.
2. 瞳人（兒） turng-rern (turng-rern-’l), n., the pupil of the eye (which reflects the onlooker’s image).

睡 Num. Index: 41B.11-9 shueih .

V.i. To sleep: 睡覺，睡眠 shueih-jiauh, shueih-miarn↓;
小睡 nap;
瞌睡 to doze off;
熟睡 sleep soundly;
昏昏欲睡 drowsy;
想睡 feel sleepy.

Words 1. 睡虎子 shueih-huu-tz, n., a sleepy-head.
2. 睡著 shueih-jaur, V.i., to go into sleep: 睡著了 is sleeping;
3. 睡著 shueih-jaur, V.i., 睡不著 cannot sleep.
4. 睡覺 shueih-jiauh, V.i., go to bed;
5. 睡覺 shueih-jiauh, V.i., go to sleep: 在那兒睡覺 where (are you, am I) going to sleep?
6. 睡蓮 shueih-liarn, n., (bot.) a kind of lotus which closes its petals after noon, Nymphaea tetragona var. angustata.
7. 睡眠 sueih-miarn, V.i. & n., sleep;
8. 睡眠 sueih-miarn, V.i. & n., 睡眠病 shueih-miarn-bihng, n., sleeping sickness.
9. 睡魔 shueih-mor, n., compulsive desire to sleep.
10. 睡袍 shueih-paur, n., sleeping gown.
11. 睡晌覺 shueih-shaang-jiauh, V.i., take afternoon nap.
12. 睡鄉 shueih-shiang, n., (fig.) dreamland.
13. 睡醒 shueih-shiing, V.i., to wake up from sleep.
14. 睡衣 shueih-yi, n., sleeping jacket or gown, pajamas.
15. 睡遊病 shueih-your-bihng, n., sleepwalking, somnambulism.

睢 Num. Index: 41B.11-9 suei .

V.i. (1) (LL) to stare at: 萬眾睢睢 all eyes staring (in hope, wonder).
(2) 恣睢 to do what one likes.

眶 Num. Index: 41B.21-5 kuahng .

N. Eye socket: 奪眶而出 brim over (with tears).

□ Num. Index: 41B.21-5 kou .

Adj. With sunken eyes, see 摳 ^ 摟 10A.21.

睇 Num. Index: 41B.22-8 dih .

V.i. & t. Glance quickly: 睇視 glance;
斜睇 glance out of corner of eye.

瞌 Num. Index: 41B.30-1 ke .

Words 1. 瞌睡 ke-shueih, v.i., take nap, doze off: 打瞌睡，瞌睡了 is having a nap.

瞪 Num. Index: 41B.30-3 dehng .

V.i. & t. Stare: 瞪眼，瞪著眼 stare wide open;
目瞪口呆 stunned speechless;
v.t., 瞪了他一眼 stare, glower, at person.

Words 1. 瞪視 dehng-shyh, v.t., stare one in the face.

眵 Num. Index: 41B.32-9 chy .

N. (AC) (med.) eye cataract.

瞎 Num. Index: 41B.40-6 shia .

Adj. Blind: 盲人騎瞎馬 a blind person riding a blind horse;
瞎了眼睛 oft. a rebuke, you don’t seem to know who you are talking to, bump into;
瞎字不識 phr., illiterate.

Adv. Recklessly, blindly, without heed or caution, disorderly: 瞎忙 hustle without plan or purpose;
瞎聊，瞎談 chat aimlessly, see 瞎說 shia-shuo↓;
瞎猜 a mere conjecture, guess blindly;
瞎找 look for things without plan;
瞎賴 to deny responsibility by talking nonsense;
瞎碰 hope to find s. t. by luck;
瞎貓拖死耗子 a blind cat catching a dead mouse;
瞎摸合眼 to grope in the dark.

Words 1. 瞎掰 shia-bai, V.i., to waste effort to no purpose.
2. 瞎扯 shia-chee, V.i., to ramble aimlessly;
3. 瞎扯 shia-chee, V.i., to lie or invent stories.
4. 瞎道兒 shia-dauh-’l, n., (1) a futile action;
5. 瞎道兒 shia-dauh-’l, n., (2) harmful pursuits (＝邪道兒).
6. 瞎話 shia-huah, n., a lie.
7. 瞎抓 shia-jua, V.i., see shia-bai↑.
8. 瞎鬧 shia-nauh, V.i., do foolish things;
9. 瞎鬧 shia-nauh, V.i., be unruly, boisterous.
10. 瞎說 shia-shuo, v.i. & n., (to talk) nonsense: 別瞎說 don’t talk nonsense.
11. 瞎子 shia-tz, n., a blind person.
12. 瞎眼 shia-yaan, adj., blind, also 瞎了眼.

眙 Num. Index: 41B.40-9 chyh .

N. 盱眙 a county in Anhwei.

V.t. To stare at.

瞻 Num. Index: 41B.40-9 jan . [Dist. 贍 shahn , 41C.40]

V.i. To look afar, be on the lookout, to hope: 瞻望 jan-wahng↓;
瞻前顧後 to weigh one’s steps by thinking of consequences;
look about.

Words 1. 瞻顧 jan-guh, V.i., to look ahead (at the future).
2. 瞻視 jan-shyh, V.i., to watch attentively.
3. 瞻徇 jan-shyuhn, V.i., be moved by personal reasons (＝徇情).
4. 瞻望 jan-wahng, V.i., to survey, look ahead (at the future).
5. 瞻仰 jan-yaang, V.t., (1) to admire (person’s character, reputation) from the distance;
6. 瞻仰 jan-yaang, V.t., (2) to look up (at, to).
7. 瞻依 jan-yi, V.i., to respect and depend upon one’s parents, from allu. 靡瞻匪父，靡依匪母（詩）.

睹 Num. Index: 41B.41-1 duu . [Var. of 怣 11S.70; dist. 賭 gamble]

瞄 Num. Index: 41B.41-2 miaur .

V.i. & t. (1) Glance: 瞄他一眼 throw a quick glance at him.
(2) To aim.

Words 1. 瞄準（兒） miaur-juun (miaur-juee’l), V.i. & t., take aim at (in shooting).
2. 瞄頭 miaur-tour, n., (coll.) sign: 我看不出有甚麼瞄頭 I can’t see anything special.

睏 Num. Index: 41B.41-4 kuhn .

V.i. Sleep: 睏覺 kuhn-jiauh↓.

Adj. Sleepy.

Words 1. 睏覺 kuhn-jiauh, v.i. & adj., go to sleep: 睏覺了 has fallen asleep.

睛 Num. Index: 41B.42-1 jing .

N. The pupil of the eye: 眼睛 eyes;
目不轉睛 look at s.t. (s.o.) intently (“without winking”);
睛球 jing-chiour, 睛珠 jing-ju↓.

Words 1. 睛球 jing-chiour, n., (physiol.) the eyeball.
2. 睛珠 jing-ju, n., ditto.

瞞 Num. Index: 41B.42-2 marn .

V.i. & t. Deceive, hide from: 隱瞞 hide secret (from person);
我不瞞你 I am telling you the truth;
實不相瞞 to tell you honestly;
瞞心昧己 blot out one’s conscience, deceive oneself;
瞞上欺下 to hoodwink those above and bully those below.

□ Num. Index: 41B.42-4 mirng . [Var. of 明 41A.42]

眄 Num. Index: 41B.50-3 miaan .

V.i. Glance sideways.

Words 1. 眄睞 miaan-laih, V.i., (AC) cast loving glance.
2. 眄眄 miarn-miaan, adj., (LL) (1) glancing;
3. 眄眄 miarn-miaan, adj., (2) dull-looking.
4. 眄睨 miaan-nih, adj., (LL) glancing sideways.

矚 Num. Index: 41B.50-5 juu .

V.i. To focus eyes on: 高瞻遠矚 having great foresight or plan for the future.

Words 1. 矚目 juu-muh, V.i., to focus attention (on person, thing).
2. 矚視 juu-shyh, V.t., to eye s. t. with purpose.

盼 Num. Index: 41B.50-8 pahn .

V.i. To hope: 切盼 to look forward to anxiously;
look kindly at;
盼睞 pahn-laih↓.

Adj. (AC) beautiful (of eyes), clear-eyed.

Words 1. 盼倩 pahn-chiahn, adj., attractive in looks and smiles.
2. 盼禱 pahn-daau, V.i. & n., (court.) my sincere hope, request.
3. 盼睞 pahn-laih, V.i., (court.) your favors, consideration.
4. 盼慕 pahn-muh, V.t. admire (person) from distance.
5. 盼念 pahn-niahn, V.i., think of (person), remember from a distance.
6. 盼想 pahn-shiaang, V.i., to hope.
7. 盼頭 pahn-tour, n., (coll.) hope: 這可有了盼頭 there is hope then.
8. 盼望 pahn-wahng, v.i. & t., to hope, to yearn for.

盻 Num. Index: 41B.50-8 shih . [Dist. 盼↑]

Adj. (AC) looking on with tired or uneasy look.

瞧 Num. Index: 41B.63-9 chiaur .

V.t. To see (in vern. only): 瞧著 chiaur-’je↓;
瞧瞧（看），瞧一瞧 take a look;
瞧你這樣胡搞 (in scolding) look at what you have done, are doing;
瞧你的 now it’s your turn, see what you can do;
瞧熱鬧 go and look at the crowd on holidays;
瞧病 see the doctor;
瞧哈哈（笑）兒 to sit on the side and laugh at (another’s discomfort);
甭瞧了 not worth seeing－let’s go away;
oft. used with 得 and 不: 瞧得起，瞧不起 have (or have no) regard for (person);
瞧不起他 look down upon him;
瞧得過兒 passable;
瞧不過兒 intolerable;
瞧得透，瞧不透 see through, fail to do so;
瞧得慣，瞧不慣 used or not used to the sight of (such injustice, rowdiness, hippies, etc.).

Words 1. 瞧著 chiaur-’je, phr., that depends, depending on circumstances;
2. 瞧著 chiaur-’je, phr., 瞧著辦 act on your discretion;
3. 瞧著 chiaur-’je, phr., 瞧著給 you decide how much to give (to each).
4. 瞧見 chiaur-jiahn, V.t., to see: 他瞧見了 he saw it;
5. 瞧見 chiaur-jiahn, V.t., 瞧不見 cannot see.
6. 瞧上 chiaur-’shang, V.t., to admire and wish to have: 瞧上一個金表 (a thief) sets his eye on a gold watch.

盹 Num. Index: 41B.70-1 duun (also duhn ).

N. & v.t. (Take) a nap: 打盹，打了一個盹兒;
盹睡 take a nap.

□ Num. Index: 41B.70-2 tzyh . [Var. 眥 21A.41]

眺 Num. Index: 41B.70-2 tiauh .

V.i. To scan, survey the distance: 遠眺，憑眺.

Words 1. 眺望 tiauh-wahng, v.i., survey or see at a distance.

睍 Num. Index: 41B.70-4 shiahn .

Adj. (LL) overcautious: 伈伈睍睍 timorous (manner).

矓 Num. Index: 41B.70-6 lurng .

Adj. See 矇 ^ 矓 41B.02.

眊 Num. Index: 41B.70-9 mauh .

Adj. (1) (AC) blurred in eyesight: 眊聵 weak in eyesight and heavy of hearing.
(2) Var. of 耄 11.70.

Words 1. 眊眊 mauh-mauh, adj., dim in vision.

睨 Num. Index: 41B.70-9 nih .

V.i. To squint: 斜睨 to look askance.

眈 Num. Index: 41B.70-9 dan .

Adv. With a covetous look, in 虎視眈眈 (of tiger) casting a greedy eye on its prey.

眠 Num. Index: 41B.71-5 miarn .

N. & V.i. (LL) sleep: 睡眠 sleep;
眠在地下 sleep on the floor;
長眠 die;
冬眠 hibernate;
蠶眠 silk worm’s dormancy;
醉眠 drunk asleep;
眠花宿柳 sleep in brothels;
眠思夢想 think of lover;
眠雲 live like hermits, “sleep on clouds”;
眠輿 sedan chair good for taking a nap.

瞋 Num. Index: 41B.80-2 chen .

V.i. & t. To glower, glance at (person) with anger (interch. 瞋).

瞶 Num. Index: 41B.80-2 gueih (kueih ). [Dist. 聵]

Adj. Dim-sighted, blind: 振聾啟瞶 (LL) open the ears of the deaf and the eyes of the blind－said of a great teacher.

矉 Num. Index: 41B.80-6 pirn . [Rare var. of 顰 22.10]

V.t. (AC) stare with hatred.

瞑 Num. Index: 41B.80-6 mirng (*miing , *miahn ). [Cogn. 冥]

V.i. To close the eyes: 瞑目而逝 closed one’s eyes and passed away;
死不瞑目 die without clossing eyes, i.e., with regret, with grudge unsatisfied.

Words 1. 瞑瞑 mirng-mirng, adj., hazy, dimsighted.
2. 瞑眩 *miahn-shyuarn, (AC) upset, giddy: 若藥不瞑眩，厥疾不瘳 a potent medicine does not cure disease without a spell of dizziness.

睽 Num. Index: 41B.81-3 kueir .

V.i. (1) (Interch. 暌 LL) to be separated (among friends).
(2) (LL) to avoid seeing, to look askance.

Adj. (LL) singular, queer, odd, incompatible.

Words 1. 睽睽 kueir-kueir, v.i. & adj., as in 眾目睽睽 all eyes are directed toward (person, object).

瞅 Num. Index: 41B.81-9 choou .

V.t. (1) To see (related 瞧 chyaur): 瞅不見 cannot see or find (object);
瞅不得 is not to be seen.
(2) To pry, watch for opportunity: 瞅空兒 choou-kuhng-’l↓.
(3) To cast a look: 瞅著他 fix a look on him;
不瞅不理 completely ignore (person);
瞅睬 choou-tsaai↓.

Words 1. 瞅空兒 chour-kuhng-’l, V.i., wait for an opportunity.
2. 瞅睬 chour-tsaai, V.t., to cast a look at, hence to pay attention: 全不瞅睬 won’t pay any attention (to person’s words).

瞰 Num. Index: 41B.82-3 kahn .

V.i. & t. To overlook (distant view): 俯瞰城中 overlook the town (from high position);
鳥瞰（圖） bird’s-eye view.

睫 Num. Index: 41B.83-1 jier .

N. The eyelash: 迫在眉睫 of the utmost urgency;
近在眉睫 close at hand;
交睫 close the eyelids: 目不交睫 have not had any sleep at all;
眉睫之間 in close proximity.

瞇 Num. Index: 41B.83-2 mi . [Also wr. 眯]

V.i. Barely close the eyelids: 瞇一瞇眼兒 have a cat nap, doze uncomfortably;
瞇縫眼兒 eyes close into a narrow slit.

眨 Num. Index: 41B.83-9 jaa . [Dist. 眨 41C.83]

V.i. To wink.

Words 1. 眨眼 jar-yaan, phr., to make a wink: 眨眼會意 give a wink (as silent signal);
2. 眨眼 jar-yaan, phr., 眨眼工夫 in the winking of an eye－a short moment;
3. 眨眼 jar-yaan, phr., 眨眼就過去了 will pass away in a very short while;
4. 眨眼 jar-yaan, phr., 殺人不眨眼 kill man without batting an eye, coldly, brutally (also 眨眼，眨巴).

眇 Num. Index: 41B.91-2 miaau . [Cogn. 渺，藐，杳]

V.i. & t. (U.f. 瞄) to aim at: 眇準.

Adj. (1) Blind in one eye: 眇一目.
(2) Very small, minute: 眇乎小哉 (AC) how small it is!

Words 1. 眇眇 miaur-miaau, adj., very small, distant: 眇眇忽忽 miaur-miaau-hu-’hu, elusive, hardly discernible (shape), also wr. 渺渺.
2. 眇小 miaau-shiaau, adj., very small (＝渺小).

瞜 Num. Index: 41B.93-2 lou .

V.t. (Coll.) glance, look at: 瞜他一眼 give him a glance.

眩 Num. Index: 41B.93-6 shyuahn .

Adj. Dizzy, giddy: 目眩 eyes dizzy;
頭眩 giddy.

Words 1. 眩晃 shyuahn-huahng, adj., (eyes) dazzled.
2. 眩疾 shyuahn-jir, n., (LL) fainting fits.
3. 眩人 shyuahn-rern, n., (AC) magician.
4. 眩眩 shyuahn-shyuahn, adj., giddy, dizzy.
5. 眩暈 shyuahn-yuhn, V.t. & n., to faint, swoon off;
6. 眩暈 shyuahn-yuhn, V.t. & n., a fainting fit.

財 Num. Index: 41C.00-1 tsair .

N. (1) Wealth, money and goods: 財貨，財物，財產 tsair-huoh, tsair-wuh, tsair-chaan↓;
財富 tsair-fuh¹↓;
財政 tsair-jehng↓;
發財 make money, get rich;
理財 manage finance;
生財 produce wealth, make money;
不義之財 ill-gotten gains;
財不露眼 let not your wealth be exposed.
(2) (AC) u. f. 才 talent: 有達財者 some great talents.
(3) (AC) u. f. 裁 decision: 財察＝裁察 your discerning judgment;
財取 select and take.

Words 1. 財寶 tsair-baau, n., goods, properties.
2. 財帛 tsair-bor, n., money and silks (often used as presents).
3. 財產 tsair-chaan, n., properties (of person, firm);
4. 財產 tsair-chaan, n., 財產權 property right.
5. 財氣（兒） tsair-’chih (tsair-’chieh-’l), n., luck or good fortune in making money.
6. 財權 tsair-chyuarn, n., (law) right of ownership.
7. 財東 tsair-dung, n., formerly, financial backer.
8. 財閥 tsair-far, n., financial magnate.
9. 財富 tsair-fuh¹, n., wealth (of nations, etc.).
10. 財賦 tsair-fuh², n., wealth and taxes, government income.
11. 財賄 tsair-hueih, n., (AC) tax on grains and goods.
12. 財貨 tsair-huoh, n., goods;
13. 財貨 tsair-huoh, n., wealth.
14. 財政 tsair-jehng, n., public finance: 財政部長 minister of finance.
15. 財主 tsair-juu, n., (1) owner of properties;
16. 財主 tsair-juu, n., (2) (tsair-’ju) formerly, a wealthy person.
17. 財力 tsair-lih, n., financial power.
18. 財禮 tsair-lii, n., gift in money to family of betrothed girl.
19. 財命（兒） tsair-’ming(’l), n., see tsair-yuhn↓.
20. 財迷 tsair-mir, adj., money-mad.
21. 財神 tsair-shern (tsair-’shen), n., god of wealth;
22. 財神 tsair-shern (tsair-’shen), n., an extremely wealthy person.
23. 財團 tsair-tuarn, n., a banking group which finances a business;
24. 財團 tsair-tuarn, n., a financial syndicate.
25. 財物 tsair-wuh, n., wealth and properties.
26. 財緣兒 tsair-yuar’l, n., see tsair-yuhn↓.
27. 財源 tsair-yuarn, n., source of money, financial resources.
28. 財運 tsair-yuhn, n., luck in making money.
29. 財用 tsair-yuhng, n., finance, financial management.

賻 Num. Index: 41C.00-1 fuh .

N. Gift of money at funeral: 賻贈, see 賻儀 fuh-yir↓.

Words 1. 賻儀 fuh-yir, n., funeral gift of money.

則 Num. Index: 41C.00-2 tzer .

N. (1) Rule, law, regulation: 法則 a pattern, rule or law;
規則 regulation;
準則 standard, criterion;
以身作則 set oneself up as an example;
則例 tzer-lih↓;
例則 an example;
則度 tzer-duh↓;
有物有則 there are things and laws to govern them;
稅則 tariffs, customs duties.
(2) Grades: 等則 classes and grades.
(3) An item: 笑話一則 a joke;
新聞一則 a news story.

V.t. (1) Make, do: 則聲 make a noise;
不則聲 keep silent.
(2) Copy, imitate: 唯天為大，唯堯則之 (AC) great is Heaven and only Yao would imitate its ways;
則天 to imitate Heaven.

Adv. (1) Only: 多則一年，少則半載 between six months and a year;
則是 only that (＝只是): 則是年紀小，性氣剛 only that he is too young and self-willed.
(2) Then: 不進則退 either one goes forward or he will be left behind;
君子不重則不威 if a superior man doesn’t behave with dignity, he will command no respect (cf. 即 jir, to be; immediately).

Conj. (MC) but, however: 人皆好名，我則不然 others may be fond of titles and honors, but I am not.

Prep. For: 則甚 why? what for? 則恁 ditto (corruption of 做甚).

Words 1. 則刀兒 tzer-dau-’l, n., the character “刀” used as a radical and written “□,” as in “列,” “則,” “利,” “別,” etc.
2. 則度 tzer-duh, n., regulations, rules.
3. 則個 tzer-geh, phr., (MC) used as a final particle in a sentence for purposes of emphasis.
4. 則例 tzer-lih, n., a set example to be followed, a precedent.

貯 Num. Index: 41C.00-6 juu . [Related 儲 chuu , 91A.41]

V.i. & t. To store up.

Words 1. 貯備 juu-beih, V.t., to save, hoard for future needs.
2. 貯蓄 juu-shyuh, V.i. & t., to save, have savings (also 儲^蓄 91A.41).
3. 貯藏 juu-tsarng, V.i. & t., to keep in vault or storehouse.

賒 Num. Index: 41C.01-8 she .

V.i. To buy on credit: 賒欠，賒賬 she-chiahn, she-jahng↓.

Adj. (MC, poet.) long, distant (journey).

Words 1. 賒欠 she-chiahn, V.i., to owe account, to buy on credit.
2. 賒賬 she-jahng, V.i., ditto.

賕 Num. Index: 41C.02-1 chiour .

N. & V.t. (LL) bribe, -ery.

賑 Num. Index: 41C.02-5 jehn .

N. Relief, as in 施賑 give relief to (the poor, famine victims).

V.t. To relieve (the poor, famine victims, etc.).

Adj. (AC) rich: 鄉邑殷賑 the countryside is prosperous.

Words 1. 賑濟 jehn-jih, V.t., to relieve, help with food, necessities or money.
2. 賑款 jehn-kuaan, n., relief fund.
3. 賑贍 jehn-shahn, V.t., see jehn-jih↑.
4. 賑災 jehn-tzai, V.i., to work for relief of victims of natural disaster.

賬 Num. Index: 41C.02-5 jahng . [Pop. of 帳; var. of 帳 in sense of “accounts,” 22B.02]

拕 Num. Index: 41C.11-6 tzang . [Pop. for 贓 41C.71]

賺 Num. Index: 41C.22-8 juahn (*tzuahn ).

V.t. (1) To gain, profit: 賺錢 juahn-chiarn↓: 賺得 to gain;
賺得不少 earn a great deal of profit;
賺利息 earn interest;
賺夠本 get capital back, break even;
(fig.) gain: 賺吃 get meals free;
賺便宜 gain advantage;
賺好處 gain profit;
賺好名 earn a good name.
(2) (*tzuahn) To cheat, play tricks: 賺騙 juahn-piahn↓;
賺弄 to fool s. o.: 受人賺弄 was fooled by others.

Words 1. 賺錢 juahn-chiarn, V.i., to make money: 不賺錢 sell at cost.
2. 賺騙 *tzuahn-piahn, V.t., to fool, cheat (s. o.).
3. 賺頭兒 juahn-’tou-’l, n., profit: 沒多大賺頭兒 not much profit (in this).

贐 Num. Index: 41C.30-2 jihn .

N. Parting gifts: 贐儀 farewell presents;
餽贐 delicacies as gifts to parting friends.

□ Num. Index: 41C.30-9 shyuh . [Var. of 卹 91S.22]

貼 Num. Index: 41C.40-2 tie .

V.i. (1) To paste up or on: 貼郵票 stick stamps on a letter;
貼在一齊 paste together;
貼膏藥 stick on medicated ointment plaster;
貼在牆上 stick (poster) on wall.
(2) To make up a deficiency: 貼錢 to lose in bargain;
倒貼 to sell at a loss;
to support a gigolo (e.g., 倒貼小白臉);
津貼，幫貼 to subsidize, a subsidy;
貼匯水 discount on exchange, see 貼水 tie-shueei↓.
(3) To come close, snuggle close: 貼近 come close;
貼幵蓆子睡 sleep on a mat;
貼幵臉 face rubbing against face;
貼耳 lend ear closely to listen;
他們兩個人貼幵 they snuggle in each other’s arms;
體貼 v.t., be considerate of (person).

Adj. Cozy, well settled: 妥貼 (affair) well arranged, settled;
熨貼 cozy, warmly attached to.

Words 1. 貼本 tie-been, adj., below cost: 貼本生意 a losing business.
2. 貼補 tie-buu, v.t., subsidize: 貼補家用 help out with expenses.
3. 貼切 tiei-cheh, adj., very much to the point (instructions).
4. 貼旦 tie-dahn, n., (MC) formerly, secondary female actress.
5. 貼梗海棠 tie-gerng-haai-tarng, n., (bot.) a kind of wild pear, Pirus spectabilis (also called 海棠梨).
6. 貼近 tie-jihn, adj., close (neighbor, servants).
7. 貼己 tie-jii, adj., intimate, close (talk).
8. 貼金 tie-jin, adj., gilt, gold-plated (ring, etc.): 別往臉上貼金 (fig.) don’t blow your own trumpet.
9. 貼身（兒） tie-shen (tie-she-’l), adj., personal(maid): 貼身丫頭 personal maid, (underclothes) worn next to body;
10. 貼身（兒） tie-shen (tie-she-’l), adj., (dress) fitting.
11. 貼現 tie-shiahn, v.i., discount on checks.
12. 貼書 tie-shu, n., formerly, copyistclerk.
13. 貼水 tie-shueei, n., discount due to inferior intrinsic value of coins.

賠 Num. Index: 41C.40-6 peir .

V.i. (1) To lose money, make up deficit, indemnify, compensate: 賠他多少錢 compensate (person) for his loss;
賠不起 cannot afford to repay for loss or damage.
(2) U.f. 陪 apologize (for mistake), see 陪 ^ 不是，陪 ^ 罪 32A.40.

Words 1. 賠本（兒） peir-been (peir-bee-’l), V.i., to lose money in investment.
2. 賠補 peir-buu, V.i. & t., make up for loss: 賠補損失.
3. 賠錢貨 peir-chiarn-huoh, n., (facet.) (the raising of) daughter as a losing proposition on account of dowry.
4. 賠償 peir-charng, V.t., pay indemnity to (person) for (loss);
5. 賠償 peir-charng, V.t., repay (debt).
6. 賠墊 peir-diahn, V.i., to put money in to keep business going.
7. 賠還 peir-huarn, V.t., repay (person) for loss, repay (debt).
8. 賠款 peir-kuaan, n., indemnity.
9. 賠累 peir-leih, V.i. & n., to lose money steadily.
10. 賠釋 peir-shyh, V.i., apologize (var. 陪 ^ 侍 32A.40).
11. 賠贈 peir-tzehng, n., dowry, gift from bride’s family.

賂 Num. Index: 41C.40-9 luh .

N. Gift in kind;
goods.

V.t. To bribe with money or gifts: 賄賂.

贍 Num. Index: 41C.40-9 shahn . [Dist. 瞻]

V.t. To support financially (parents, widows): 贍恤，贍養 shahn-shyuh, shahn-yaang↓.

Adj. (1) (LL) adequate: 力不贍也 beyond one’s strength.
(2) Rich (in style): 典贍 rich and elegant.

Words 1. 贍恤 shahn-shyuh, V.t., to give subsidy to (those in distress).
2. 贍養 shahn-yaang, V.t., to support (parents, widows) financially;
3. 贍養 shahn-yaang, V.t., 贍養費 allowance for maintenance, alimony.

貽 Num. Index: 41C.40-9 yir . [Related 遺 22.83]

V.i. & t. (1) To give as present.
(2) To bequeath.

Words 1. 貽害 yir-haih, V.t., to cause trouble to future or future generations.
2. 貽禍 yir-huoh, V.t., to bring about disaster, disadvantage or harm to future.
3. 貽厥 yir-jyuer, n., (pedantic allu.) descendants (from 貽厥孫謀).
4. 貽累 yir-leei, V.t., to involve others in trouble.
5. 貽謀 yir-mour, n., policy or plan handed down to descendants, see yir-jyuer↑.
6. 貽笑 yir-shiauh, V.t., to invite ridicule: 貽笑大方 be laughed at by experts.
7. 貽羞 yir-shiou, V.t., to bring shame to oneself.
8. 貽訓 yir-shyuhn, n., ancestral advice, instructions (＝遺訓).
9. 貽送 yir-suhng, V.t., to give as gift (to person).
10. 貽贈 yir-tzehng, V.t., ditto.
11. 貽誤 yir-wuh, V.t., to spoil, cause disruption (of plan, traffic): 貽誤大局 disrupt the gen. plan.
12. 貽遺 yir-yir, V.t., to hand down (to posterity).