20A.40-1
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苦雨 troubled by too much rain;
苦于 suffer from: 苦于奔命 suffer from dashing about on duties.
苦酒 bitters;
苦盡甘來 sweet are the fruits of labor (cf. “sweet are the uses of adversity”), luck turns after hardship;
同甘共苦 share good luck and ill (husband and wife);
苦命，命苦 hard luck;
痛苦 painful, causing suffering;
苦不堪言 suffer unspeakably;
苦樂 joy and sorrow;
苦中作樂 enjoy life though hard up;
艱 苦 20S.02, difficult (struggle);
過苦日子 be hard up;
苦過 ditto;
苦生意，苦買賣 business with very thin profits;
苦活兒 poorly paid living;
苦差 job with hard work and poor pay.
(2) Hardworking: 辛苦，苦辛 do hard work (to make a living, etc.);
勞苦 to labor hard, see 勞苦91.50;
苦力，苦工 [ku3li4], [ku3gong1]↓;
下苦功 work hard (at lessons, etc.).
苦讀，苦學 study hard;
苦勸 try one's best to persuade, convince;
苦口婆心 phr., ditto;
苦諫 earnest admonitions;
苦追 try hard to catch up with s.o.;
苦留 try hard to ask s.o. to stay;
苦戰，苦鬥 fight bitterly;
苦打 ditto, beat up terribly.
2.苦楚 [ku2chu3], n. & v.t., persecute (person): 苦楚自己 torture oneself unnecessarily; n., misery; pain, sorrow.
3.苦窮 [ku3qiong2], adj., desperately poor, usu. said of oneself to stave off friends who come to borrow.
4.苦瓜 [ku3gua1], n., (bot.) bitter gourd, Momordica charanta.
5.苦工 [ku3gong1], n., hard labor, coolie: 做苦工.
6.苦海 [ku2hai3], n., (Budd., said of human life) a sea of woes: 苦海無邊 the endless sea of tribulations; n., 脫離苦海 to escape from the human world of woes and find salvation.
7.苦節 [ku3jie2], n., severe self-discipline, self-denial.
8.苦衷 [ku3zhong1], n., real kind intentions, usually not expressed: 你不明白我的苦衷 you do not realize my motives; 訴苦衷 explain one's motives.
9.苦竹 [ku3zhu2], n., (bot.) Japanese timber bamboo, Phyllostachys bambusoides.
10.苦主 [ku2zhu3], n., relative of victim in a murder case.
11.苦汁 [ku3zhi1], n., (chem.) bittern.
12.苦口 [ku2kou3], (1) adj., bitter in taste; (2) as in 苦口（勸他），苦口婆心 remonstrate earnestly and kindly.
13.苦苦 [ku2ku3], adv., hard, strenuously: 苦苦相勸 remonstrate earnestly; 苦苦追求 try hard to gain (some object).
14.苦力 [ku3li4], n., coolie (special word in colonies for miners, porters, sedan chair carriers, etc.), manual laborer.
15.苦
[ku3mai1] (Peking dial. also [qU3mai0], the sow thistle, Lactuca denticulata. 16.苦惱 [ku2nao3], n. & adj., distress, misery; miserable (affair).
17.苦難 [ku3nan4], n., distress, trials and tribulations: 人生的苦難 the trials of life.
18.苦人 [ku3ren2], n., poor man; hand laborer.
19.苦肉計 [ku3rou4ji4], n., a confidence game, a trick to gain s.t. by showing self-sacrifice in the beginning.
20.苦參 [ku3shen1], n., (bot.) Sophora flavescens, a plant used as insecticide.
21.苦相 [ku3xiang4], n., face of misery; physiognomy of hard luck.
22.苦笑 [ku3xiao4], v.i. & n., (force) a bitter smile.
23.苦心 [ku3xin1], adv., with patience and enduring resolve: 苦心孤詣 notable achievement after persistent work.
24.苦刑 [ku3xing2]1, n., torture, third degree.
25.苦行 [ku3xing2]2, n., (monk's) life of self-denial and mortification.
26.苦水 [ku2shui3], n., “hard” water; water in some wells not fit for drinking (cf. 甜水 90S.21); 苦水子 (coll.) medicinal potion.
27.苦死 [ku2si3], (1) adv., (＝苦苦): as in 你苦死要來 you were determined to come regardless…; (2) adj., very miserable; (3) phr., in the worst circumstances: 苦死了每天也要給你兩頓飯吃 have to provide you two meals a day despite everything.
28.苦頭（兒） [ku3tou2] ([er0]), (1) adj., mildly bitter: 井裡的水是苦頭的 this well water is slightly bitter; (2) n., as in 吃苦頭 experience hardship, suffer loss; 給他一點苦頭吃 give him a lesson.
29.苦菜 [ku3cai4], n., (bot.) a term denoting various vegetables with mildly bitter taste, including Sonchus oleraceus.
30.苦痛 [ku3tong4], n. & adj., pain, -ful: 心中苦痛 heartache; 苦痛不堪 suffer extremely.
31.苦土 [ku2tu3], n., (chem.) magnesia; 煆苦土 calcined magnesia.
32.苦子 [ku3zi0], n., see [ku3tou2](2) ↑.
33.苦業 [ku3ye4], n., (Budd.) normal sufferings of human life.
34.苦窳 [ku2yU3], adj., (of industrial products) coarse, crude, of poor quality.