20S.11-9
19
(*ㄋㄢˋ [nan4] ).
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大難不死 escape from death in a great catastrophe;
災難 natural disaster;
患難（之交） (friends in) adversity;
遇難 die a tragic death;
逃難 take refuge in a safe place;
冒險犯難 run risks to overcome obstacles;
克難 overcome difficulties;
難民 [nan4min2]↓;
難胞 [nan4bao1]↓;
臨難 on the verge of death, at the most critical moment;
落難 fallen upon evil days, in dire circumstances.
難不住 cannot confound by argument.
(2) To ask, discuss, rebuke: 問難 have discussion with (s.o.) on doubtful points;
責難 to rebuke, find fault with.
難乎為繼 difficult to follow up brilliant example of predecessor;
艱難 hard to do, hard up, difficult;
困難 ([kun4nan0]) difficult, -ty (of work, questions, etc.);
難上加難 doubly difficult;
難能可貴 (of things or actions) exceptionably commendable;
難兄難弟 (of brothers) equally brilliant or talented;
難纏 hard to get along with;
難產 [nan2chan3]↓;
難處 [nan2chu3]↓;
難說話兒 difficult to talk with or deal with;
難題 [nan2ti2]↓;
難關 [nan2guan1]↓;
難事 a difficult matter or job;
難字 an unfamiliar word;
難色 reluctant looks;
面有難色 appear to be reluctant;
difficult to: 難買難賣 a hard bargain;
難懂 hard to understand;
難明 hard to be cleat about;
難容 hard to put up with, inexcusable.
難堪 [nan2kan1]↓;
難怪 little wonder that;
難得 [nan2de2], 難保 [nan2bao3]↓;
難憑 undependable;
空口難憑 oral promise is not enough;
難忍 unbearable;
難耐 difficult to endure;
難受 [nan2shou4]↓;
難說 difficult to say, also “you don't mean to say”;
難道 [nan2dao4]↓.
(2) [nan2]+vbb. forming adjj., meaning “bad”: 難聽，難看，難吃，難聞 not good to hear, look at, eat, smell, see [nan2ting1], [nan2kan4], [nan2chi1], [nan2wen2]↓.
2.難胞 *[nan4bao1], n., fellow citizen(s) in distress, (euphem.) refugees.
3.難產 [nan2chan3], n., (of childbirth) difficult labor.
4.難處 [nan2chu3], (1) adj., difficult to deal with, or get along with; (2) ([nan2chu0]) n., difficulties; (3) (*[nan4chu0]) disaster, predicament: 大家都在難處 everybody is in an awkward predicament.
5.難吃 [nan2chi1], adj., unpalatable (food).
6.難道 [nan2dao4], v.i., could be, used in rhetorical questions: 難道說 could it be said that…? you don't mean to say; 難道是 could it possibly be that…?
7.難得 [nan2de2], adj., phr., hard to get, hard to meet with or come by, rare, exceptionally fine: 這個人很難得 (praise) difficult to find one like him or to replace him.
8.難關 [nan2guan1], n., a critical situation, crisis: 過 or 度過難關 pass through crisis.
9.難過 [nan2guo4], adj., (1) uncomfortable: 肚子有點難過 feeling somewhat uncomfortable in the stomach; (2) in straitened circumstances: 日子難過 being in desperate straits, hard up; (3) distressed: 心裡很難過 feeling very uncomfortable, very sorry.
10.難看 [nan2kan4], adj., ugly, disgraceful-looking (appearance).
11.難堪 [nan2kan1], adj., unbearable: 令人難堪 embarrassing to people.
12.難免 [nan2mian3], v.i., cannot help: 難免失望 could not help feeling disappointed.
13.難民 *[nan4min2], n., refugees.
14.難受 [nan2shou4], adj., (1) unbearable: (2) distressed, anguished.
15.難聽 [nan2ting1], adj., unpleasant (music, sound); embarrassing (remark), repulsive (words).
16.難題 [nan2ti2] (*[nan4ti2]), n., a difficult topic to write on, a hard nut to crack; a difficult problem.
17.難為 [nan2wei0], v.t., (1) make it difficult for (s.o.), embarrass: 你別再難為他了 don't you ever embarrass him again; (2) thank (s.o.) for any trouble: 難為你跑了大半天替我拿來 thank you so much for spending so much time to bring it to me; 難為了你 thank you so much for the trouble; (3) express sympathy to (s.o.) for anything unfortunate: 難為你受了這許多誤解 it is hard on you to have been so much misunderstood; v.t., (4) v.i., express appreciation: 這麼冷天，難為你想著來 you have been so good to think of coming in such cold weather.
18.難為情 [nan2wei2qing2], v.i., be shy: 他怕難為情不敢開口 he is too shy to speak out.
19.難聞 [nan2wen2], adj., ill-smelling, stinking.
20.難以 [nan2yi3], adj., hard to, not easy to: 難以相信 unbelievable (lit., difficult to believe); adj., 難以決定 hard to decide; 難以出口 too embarrassing to say it.