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From The Cambridge Dictionary of Philosophy, Robert Audi(ed.), C.U.P., 1995.

One important feature of the most emotions is captured by the older category of passions, in the sense of 'ways of being acted upon'. In many languages nearly all emotion adjectives are derived from participles: e.g., the English words 'amused', 'annoyed', 'ashamed', 'astonished', 'delighted', 'embarrassed', 'excited', 'frightened', 'horrified', 'irritated', 'pleased', 'terrified', 'surprised', 'upset', and 'worried'. When we are, e.g. embarrassed, something acts on us, i.e., emabrasses us: typically, some situation or fact of which we are aware, such as our having on unmatched shoes. To call embarrassment a passion in the sense of a way of being acted upon does not imply that we are "passive" with respect to it, i.e., have no control over whether a given situation embarrasses us and thus no responsibility for our embarrassment.

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