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John R. Silber, 'The Ethical Significance of Kant's Religion', in Immanuel Kant, tr. Theodore M. Greene and Hoyt H. Hudson, Religion Within the Limits of Reason Alone. (Harper & Brothers, 60)¡F 2. T. W. Kwan, 'Kant's "humanistic" Conception of Religion', in Proceedings of Association of Christian Universities and Colleges in Asia and Tunghai University in Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the United Board for Christian Higher Education in Asia (Association of Christian Universities and Colleges in Asia and Tunghai University, 83)¡C 2 ¹ï©ó die Natur des Menschen ¤@µü¡AñKªé¤H¥ý¥Í¦³¬Û·í¸Ô²Óªº¤ÀªR¡A¥L¦^ÅU¤F¦è¤èõ¾Ç¥v¤W¡u¦ÛµM¡v¤@µüªº·N¸q¡A¹ï§Ṳ́F¸Ñ«e¤@µü«Ü¦³À°§U¡A¨£¨ä¡m±d¼wÛ²z¾Çì²z¡n¡]¤å¬z¡A92¡^¤@®Ñ p.251-257¡C 3 ³oùØ¡A§Ú¤£¥Î¤¤°êõ¾ÇªººD±`¥Î»y¡A¤À§OºÙ¤§¬°©Ê´c½×¡B©Êµ½½×¡B©ÊµLµ½´c½×©Î©Êµ½´c²V½×¡A¦]¬°±d¼w³oùتº°Q½×¡A¦p«e©Ò»¡¡A¥u©ó¦ÛµM¤H©Êªº¼h±¡A»P¤¤°êõ¾Ç©Ò»¡¤£©w©ó¬Y¤@¼h±¤£¦P¡C 4 ±d¼w¹ï©ó¤T¬£¥D±iªºÄÄz¡A¨£¡m©v±Ð¡n¤@®Ñº³¡ªº¶}ºÝºî½×³¡¤À¡C¥H¤Uªº¤Þ¤å¡A¤¤¤å½Ķ¤è±¡A§Ú¥Îªº¬O¦È©v¤T¥ý¥ÍµÛ¡m¶êµ½½×¡n¡]¾Ç¥Í¡A85¡^¤@®Ñ¤¤¹ï©ó¦¹®Ñº³¡ªºÂ½Ä¶¡C±d¼w¹ï¦¹¤T¬£¥D±iªº¬É»¡¡A¨£¦¹®Ñ p.61-63¡C¦b^¤å½Ķ¤è±¡A§Ú¥Îªº¬O¡GTheodore M. Greene and Hyot H. Hudson tr., Religion Within the Limits of Reason Alone(Harper & Brothers, 60)¡C¡]¬°¤è«K¬G¡A¥H«á´£¨ì¦¹®ÑªºÄ¶ªÌ³æ´£®æªL Greene¡^¤W±¦³Ãö¤å¦r¨£©ó¦¹®Ñ p.15-16¡C¬°¤è«K¬G¡A¤U±¤Þ¥Î±d¼w¡m©v±Ð¡n¤@®Ñ¡A¥u¤À§O²ºÙ¬°¤¤Ä¶¤Î^Ķ¡C¥t¥~¡A¦³»Ýn®É¡Aµ§ªÌ¥ç·|°Ñ¦Òªü«O¯S (T. K. Abbott) ¹ï¦¹®Ñº³¡ªºÂ½Ä¶¡A¨£©ó¡GT. K. Abbott tr., Kant's Critique of Practical Reason and Other Works on the Theory of Ethics (Longmans, Green and Co., 09)¡C 5 ¨£¤¤Ä¶ p.63¡A^Ķ p.16¡C 6 ¤¤Ä¶ p.63-64¡A^Ķ p.16¡C 7 Ãö©ó¡u®æ·Ç¡B¹D¼wªk«h¡B¦X¥G¸q°È¤Î¥X©ó¸q°È¡vµ¥Æ[©Àªº¸Ô²Ó·N¸q¡A¥Dn¨£©ó±d¼wªº¡m¹D¼w©³§Î¤W¾Çªº°ò¥»ì«h¡n(Groundwork of Metaphysic of Moral) (¥i²ºÙ¬°¡mì«h¡n)¤@®Ñ²Ä¤@¡B¤G¸`¡C 8 ¤¤Ä¶ p.73-74¡A^Ķ p.20¡C 9 ¤¤Ä¶ p.71¡A^Ķ p.18¡C 10 ±d¼wªºÂù«¥ß³õ²z½×¡A¥Dn¨£©ó¡mì«h¡n¤@®Ñ²Ä¤T¸`¡C 11 µ§ªÌ¥Î³oÓ¦WºÙ¡A¬OÃþ¤ñ±d¼wª¾Ãѽתº¥D±i¦Ó±o¥Xªº¡A¤@¯ë¾ÇªÌºÙ±d¼wªºª¾Ãѽ׬°¡u¶W¶VªºÆ[©À½×¡A¸gÅ窺¹ê¦b½×¡v(transcendental idealism, empirical realism)¡C§Ú¥H¬°¡A¥Î³oÓ¦WºÙªº¦n³B¡A°£¤F¯à¸û·Ç½T´yz¥X¨ä¤H©Ê½×ªº¥D±i¥~¡A¥ç¥i¥H¨¾¤îÅ¢²Î¥H¤¤°êõ¾Ç¤H©Ê½×¤¤ªº¥Î»y¢w¢w©Êµ½½×©Î©Ê´c½×µ¥¨Ó¤ñªþªº²¨²¤¡C 12 ¡u¤~¯à¡v¤@µüì¨Ó¼w¤å¬° Anlage¡Aªü«O¯S^Ķ¬° capacity¡A®æªL^Ķ¬° predisposition¡A¦È©v¤T¥ý¥Í«h¾Ú¤¤°êõ¾Çªº¥Î»yĶ¬°¡u¤~¯à¡v¡A§Ú¥H¬°¤TºØ½Ķªº·N¸q³£¥i¥H¡A¥¦Ì¹ï¤F¸Ñ±d¼w¦¹µüªºì¸q¨ÃµL«Ü¤jªº®t²§¡C 13 ³oùØ¡Ahumanity ¤@µüªº·N¸q»P¦b¡mì«h¡n¤@®Ñªº¥Îªk¤£¦P¡F¨ºùØ¡A¥¦«ü¹D¼w¤W¤H¤§©Ò¥H¬°¤Hªº¥»©Ê¡AÄÝ©ó¥»Åé¬Éªº¡A¦ý³oùØ«h«ü¤H¾Ì²z©Ê§@¥X¸û¶qªº¦Û§Qªº¤~¯à¡A³o¬OÄÝ©ó²{¶H¬Éªº¡C¦]¦¹¡A§Ú¦P·N¦È¥ý¥Í±N¥¦Ä¶¬°¡u¤H±¡©Ê¡vªº°µªk¡A©Ò¿×¡u±¡¡v«ü¤Hªº«U±¡¡C 14 ¤¤Ä¶ p.80¡A^Ķ p.21¡C 15 ¤¤Ä¶ p.82¡A^Ķ p.22¡C 16 Ãö©ó¬Û¹ïªº»Pµ´¹ïªºµ½ªº¸Ô²Ó·N¸q¤Î¤À§O¡A¥Dn¨£©ó¡mì«h¡n¤@®Ñ²Ä¤@¸`½×µ½ªº·N§Ó (good will) ªº³¡¤À¡C 17 ¤¤Ä¶ p.80-81,^Ķ p.21¡C 18 ¼w¤åì¤å¬°Willkuer¡A¤¤¤å¤@¯ëĶ¬°¡u·N©À¡v¡A¦È¥ý¥Í¨Ì³oùتº¯ß¯Þªº·N¸qĶ¬°¡u¦Û¥Ñ¨M·N¡v¡A¥ç³q¡CÃö©ó·N©À»P·N§Ó
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reason¡^ªº¤À§O¡A¥Dn¨£©ó¡m¹D¼w©³§Î¤W¾Ç¡n(Metaphysics of Morals) ¤@®Ñªºº³¹ªº¾É¨¥³¡¤À¡C 20 ¦b§O³B¡A±d¼w¹ï©ó¹D¼w±¡·Pªº°Q½×¡A¥Dn¨£©ó¡mì«h¡n¤@®Ñªº²Ä¤G¸`¡C 21 ¤¤Ä¶ p.86¡A^Ķ p.23¡C 22 ¡u¥un·í¡K¡K¡v¤@¥y¦È¥ý¥Í¨Ìªü«O¯SìĶ¬°¡u¥un·í³o©Ê¦n´N¤H¤@¯ë¦Ó¨¥¬O°¸µMªº®É¡v¡A¦ýµ§ªÌı±o³oùإΡu°¸µMªº¡v(contingent) ¤@µü·N«ä¤£¬Æ³qºZ¡A¬G§ï¥Î¦È¥ý¥Í¹ï®æªLĶ¤åªº¤¤Ä¶¡C 23 ¡u¤~¯à¡v¤@µü¤£ª¾¦ó¬G¦È¥ý¥Í§ïĶ¬°¡u©Ê¯à¡v¡A¦ý¬°¤F«O«ùĶ¦Wªº¤@P©Ê¡A§Ú±N¤§§ï¦^«e¤@µü¡C 24 ¤¤Ä¶ p.89¡A^Ķ p.23-24¡C 25 ¤¤Ä¶ p.89-90¡A^Ķ p.24-25¡C 26 ¤¤Ä¶ p.102¡A^Ķ p.33¡C 27 ¤¤Ä¶ p.97-98¡A^Ķ p.30¡C 28 ¤¤Ä¶ p.100-101¡A^Ķ p.31-32¡C 29 ¤¤Ä¶ p.105¡A^Ķ p.34¡C 30 ±d¼w¨S¦³¦¹¤Gµü¡A³o¬O§Ú¾Ú¥LÁô§tªº·N«ä¦Ó¦w¥ßªº¡C 31 ¤¤Ä¶ p.105¡A^Ķ p.34-35¡C 32 ¤¤Ä¶ p.105-106¡A^Ķ p.35¡C 33 ³oÂI¬O¨Ì¤¤Ä¶ p.106-108¡A^Ķ p.35-36©Ò»¡¦Ó¼¼z¡C 34 ¤¤Ä¶ p.112¡A^Ķ p.39¡C 35 ¤¤Ä¶ p.75¡A^Ķ p.20-21¡C 36 ©s¤lªº©Êµ½½×Æ[ÂI¡A¥Dn¨£©ó¡m©s¤l¡nªº¡q¥|ºÝ³¹¡r¡B¡q§i¤l³¹¡r¤Î¡qÂ÷°ú³¹¡rµ¥½g³¹¡C¥ç¥i°Ñ¬Ý¦È©v¤T¥ý¥Í¡m¶êµ½½×¡n¤@®Ñªºº³¹¡A¨ºùØ¡A¦È¥ý¥Í¹ï¡m©s¤l¡D§i¤l³¹¡n§@¥X¸Ô²Óªº²¨¸Ñ¡A¥i»¡¬O·í¥N°Q½×©s¤l©Êµ½½×¤¤¸û¥þ±¦Ó²`¨èªºµÛ§@¡C 37 Ä´¦p»¡¡A¯³®aÅt¤k¤h¦b¡q¤¤°êÛ²z¾Ç»P±d¼w¡r¤@¤å¤¤¡A«K¥H±d¼w¹ï¤H©Êªº¤£«H¥ô»P¾§®a¡]¦o¥H¤ý¶§©ú¬°¥Nªí¡^ªº¹D¼w¼ÖÆ[¥D¸q§@¥X¹ï¤ñ¡A¦o»¡¡G¡u¹ï©ó±d¼w¦Ó¨¥¡A¤H¦b¥»©Ê¤W¬O´cªº¡K¡K¹ï©ó¤ý¶§©ú¦Ó¨¥¡A¤H§Y¨Ï¨ã¦³¤@ºØ¦V´cªº©ÊÂ}¡A¦b¥»©Ê¤W¤´¬Oµ½ªº¡C¡v¨£ Julia Ching, 'Chinese Ethics and Kant', Philosophy East and West, Vol. 28(1978), p.170¡C¡]¤Wz¤å¦rÂà¤Þ¦Û§õ©ú½÷¡m±d¼wÛ²z¾Ç»P©s¤l¹D¼w«ä¦Ò¤§««Ø¡n¡]¤¤¥¡¬ã¨s°|¡A94¡^p.117¡^ 38 Ä´¦p»¡¡A§õ©ú½÷¥ý¥Í¦b¡u±d¼wªº¡y®Ú¥»´c¡z»¡¢w¢wÝ»P©s¤lªº©Êµ½»¡¬Û¤ñ¸û¡v¤@¤å¡]¨£¦P¤W®Ñ p.187-146¡^¤¤¡AÁöµM¥¿½T¦a«ü¥X¯³¤k¤h»¡±d¼w¥D±i©Ê´c¬O¤£¥¿½Tªº¡A¦Ó¥B²V²c¤F¨â®M¤H©Ê½×ªº¤£¦P½×»¡¼h±¡C¥i¬O¡A¥L¦Û¤v«o¤S¥Ç¤F¬Ûªñªº¤ò¯f¡A¥L»¡¡u¦pªG´N¦ÛµM¤§©Ê¦Ó¨¥¤H©Ê¡A§ÚÌ¥ç¥i»¡¡G±d¼w¥D±i©Êµ½»¡¡v¡]p.139¡^¡A¤S»¡¡u±d¼w¹³¨ä¥Lªº¦è¤èõ¾Ç®a¤@¼Ë¡A¨Ã¥¼·Q¨ì±q¡y®ð½è¤§©Ê¡z¥H¤Wªº¶W¶V¼h±¥h½×¡y©Ê¡z¡v¡]p.146¡^¡C¦pªGµ§ªÌ¥»¤åªº¤ÀªR¤£®t¡A¨º»ò¡A¥Lªº»¡ªkÅãµM»P¯³¤k¤hªº»¡ªk¬O¤¤Q¨B»P¤@¦Ê¨B¤§®t¡C¨ä¹ê¡A§õ¥ý¥Í¸Ó¤å¥Î¥\¬Æ¶Ô¡A¹ï±d¼wªº®Ú¥»´c»¡ªº¤ÀªR¬Û·í²M´·²Ó½o¡Aµ§ªÌ¼g¥»¤å¥ç»á¦³¨Ç¦a¤è¨ü¨ì¥Lªº±Òµo¡A¥u¬O¦b¤ñ¸û¾§®a©Êµ½½×»P±d¼w®Ú¥»´c»¡¤W¦³¤Wzªº·å¯Ä¡C ¡@ ¡@ |
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